Vote for your favorite mineral in #MinCup26! - Pyromorphite vs. Graphite
Linked by archaic translations and mineralogical misunderstandings, the quarterfinals are ending in hexagons with vivid pyromorphite vs writeable graphite.
Log InRegister
Quick Links : The Mindat ManualThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryMindat Newsletter [Free Download]
Home PageAbout MindatThe Mindat ManualHistory of MindatCopyright StatusWho We AreContact UsAdvertise on Mindat
Donate to MindatCorporate SponsorshipSponsor a PageSponsored PagesMindat AdvertisersAdvertise on Mindat
Learning CenterWhat is a mineral?The most common minerals on earthInformation for EducatorsMindat ArticlesThe ElementsThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryGeologic TimeExplore Fossils
Minerals by PropertiesMinerals by ChemistryMineral Visual ExplorerAdvanced Locality SearchRandom MineralRandom LocalitySearch by minIDLocalities Near MeSearch ArticlesSearch GlossaryMore Search Options
Search For:
Mineral Name:
Locality Name:
Keyword(s):
 
The Mindat ManualAdd a New PhotoRate PhotosLocality Edit ReportCoordinate Completion ReportAdd Glossary Item
Mining CompaniesStatisticsUsersMineral MuseumsClubs & OrganizationsMineral Shows & EventsThe Mindat DirectoryDevice SettingsThe Mineral QuizTime Machine
Photo SearchPhoto GalleriesSearch by ColorPhoto Colour ExplorerNew Photos TodayNew Photos YesterdayMembers' Photo GalleriesPast Photo of the Day GalleryPhotography

Montmorillonite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
04299120017271925302368.jpg
Montmorillonite

Sanders-Defiance Plateau area, Apache County, Arizona, USA
09516220017271925328082.jpg
Montmorillonite

Höwenegg Quarry, Immendingen, Tuttlingen, Freiburg Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
06284180017271925368194.jpg
Montmorillonite, etc.

West Head, Flinders area, Mornington Peninsula Shire, Victoria, Australia
04299120017271925302368.jpg
Montmorillonite

Sanders-Defiance Plateau area, Apache County, Arizona, USA
09516220017271925328082.jpg
Montmorillonite

Höwenegg Quarry, Immendingen, Tuttlingen, Freiburg Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
06284180017271925368194.jpg
Montmorillonite, etc.

West Head, Flinders area, Mornington Peninsula Shire, Victoria, Australia
07162460017271925413308.jpg
Montmorillonite

Sanders-Defiance Plateau area, Apache County, Arizona, USA
09516220017271925328082.jpg
Montmorillonite

Höwenegg Quarry, Immendingen, Tuttlingen, Freiburg Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Hide all sections | Show all sections

About MontmorilloniteHide

02999140017271925452293.jpg
Montmorillon, France
Formula:
(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Colour:
White, buff, yellow, green, rarely pale pink to red
Lustre:
Dull, Earthy
Hardness:
1 - 2
Specific Gravity:
2 - 3
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Smectite Group
Name:
For the type locality at Montmorillon, Vienne, Poitou-Charentes, France.
Montmorillonite-Vermiculite Group; Beidellite-Montmorillonite Series.

A common clay mineral. Compare 'UM1979-21-SiO:AlHNaV'.

As halloysite, it may be a biomineral formed by the action of lichens (e.g., Lasallia spp., Parmelia spp., etc.) on cave deposits and on waters (see Burford et al., 2003).


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
2821
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2821:5

IMA Classification of MontmorilloniteHide

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
(Na,Ca)0.3(Al,Mg)2Si4O10(OH)2·nH2O

Classification of MontmorilloniteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
9.EC.40

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
C : Phyllosilicates with mica sheets, composed of tetrahedral and octahedral nets
Dana 8th ed.:
71.3.1a.2

71 : PHYLLOSILICATES Sheets of Six-Membered Rings
3 : Sheets of 6-membered rings with 2:1 clays
Hey's CIM Ref.:
16.7.9

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
7 : Aluminosilicates of Mg

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
MntIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
MntKretz (1983)Kretz, R. (1983) Symbols of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 68, 277–279.
MntSiivolam & Schmid (2007)Siivolam, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web-version 01.02.07. IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology. download
MntWhitney & Evans (2010)Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371
MntThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download
MntWarr (2020)Warr, L.N. (2020) Recommended abbreviations for the names of clay minerals and associated phases. Clay Minerals, 55, 261–264 doi:10.1180/clm.2020.30

Pronunciation of MontmorilloniteHide

Pronunciation:
PlayRecorded byCountry
Jolyon RalphUnited Kingdom

Physical Properties of MontmorilloniteHide

Lustre:
Dull, Earthy
Transparency:
Translucent
Comment:
Low luster because of fine-grained nature of the mineral
Colour:
White, buff, yellow, green, rarely pale pink to red
Comment:
Pink to red coloration is due to high valance Mn
Streak:
White
Hardness:
1 - 2 on Mohs scale
Comment:
Soft because of fine-grained occurrence
Cleavage:
Perfect
on {001}
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
2 - 3 g/cm3 (Measured)    

Optical Data of MontmorilloniteHide

Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.485 - 1.535 nβ = 1.504 - 1.550 nγ = 1.505 - 1.550
2V:
Measured: 5° to 30°
Birefringence:
0.02
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.015 - 0.020
Based on recorded range of RI values above.

Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.

Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.

Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.

Surface Relief:
Low (negative)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).

This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure - the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are isogyres.

Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
none
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X= colorless to pale brown, yellow green
Y= dark brown to yellow-green, olive-green, pale yellow
Z= brown to olive-green, pale yellow
Comments:
Usually not pleochroic; pleochroism dependent on chemical substitution

Chemistry of MontmorilloniteHide

Mindat Formula:
(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Element Weights:
Element% weight
O53.339 %
Si31.132 %
Al14.954 %
H0.576 %
Na0.000 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
O
Si
Al
H
Na
Elements listed:
Al, Ca, H, Mg, Na, O, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry
Common Impurities:
Fe,K

Crystallography of MontmorilloniteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.17 Å, b = 8.94 Å, c = 9.95 Å
β = 99.54°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.578 : 1 : 1.113
Unit Cell V:
453.53 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
1
Morphology:
Scaly crystals, clayey, compact, massive

Crystal StructureHide

Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Display Options
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
View
CIF File    Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0009129MontmorilloniteGournis D, Lappas A, Karakassides M A, Tobbens D, Moukarika A (2008) A neutron diffraction study of alkali cation migration in montmorillonites Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 35 49-5820080293
0009128MontmorilloniteGournis D, Lappas A, Karakassides M A, Tobbens D, Moukarika A (2008) A neutron diffraction study of alkali cation migration in montmorillonites Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 35 49-5820080293
0009127MontmorilloniteGournis D, Lappas A, Karakassides M A, Tobbens D, Moukarika A (2008) A neutron diffraction study of alkali cation migration in montmorillonites Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 35 49-5820080293
0009126MontmorilloniteGournis D, Lappas A, Karakassides M A, Tobbens D, Moukarika A (2008) A neutron diffraction study of alkali cation migration in montmorillonites Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 35 49-5820080293
0002868MontmorilloniteViani A, Gualtieri A, Artioli G (2002) The nature of disorder in montmorillonite by simulation of X-ray powder patterns American Mineralogist 87 966-97520020293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
15.0 Å(100)
5.01 Å(60)
4.50 Å(80)
3.77 Å(20)
3.02 Å(60)
1.70 Å(30)
1.50 Å(50)
1.49 Å(50)
Comments:
Basal spacings sensitive to interlayer hydration. Dehydrated montmorillonite may have a 13.6 Angstrom spacing.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 2: Planetesimal differentiation and alteration4.566-4.550
6 : Secondary asteroid phases4.566-4.560
Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere>4.45
16 : Low-𝑇 aqueous alteration of Hadean subaerial lithologies (see also #23)
Near-surface Processes
22 : Hydration and low-𝑇 subsurface aqueous alteration (see also #23)
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals]
Geological Setting:
Alteration product of volcanic tuffs and ash. Late-hydrothermal formation in various rocks.

Type Occurrence of MontmorilloniteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Montmorillon, Vienne, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France
General Appearance of Type Material:
Compact earthy massive mineral.

Synonyms of MontmorilloniteHide

Other Language Names for MontmorilloniteHide

Varieties of MontmorilloniteHide

AlumodeweyliteAn intermediate between montmorillonite and sepiolite.
AskaniteA variety of Montmorillonite - a decomposition product of volcanic ash.

Originally described from Askana, Ozurgety District, Georgia.
Calcium-MontmorilloniteA calcian montmorillonite
DelanoviteA manganiferous variety of Montmorillonite.
Originally reported from Dordogne, Aquitaine, France.
FerrimontmorilloniteAn Fe-bearing variety of montmorillonite.

Relationship of Montmorillonite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Smectite Group
Other Members of Smectite Group:
Beidellite(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
FerrosaponiteCa0.3(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
HectoriteNa0.3(Mg,Li)3(Si4O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
'Pimelite'Ni3Si4O10(OH)2 · 4H2OHex.
Saliotite(Li,Na)Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)5Mon. 2/m : B2/m
SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon.
SauconiteNa0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
Stevensite(Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon.
SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
VolkonskoiteCa0.3(Cr,Mg,Fe)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
Yakhontovite(Ca,Na)0.5(Cu,Fe,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · 3H2OMon.
ZincsiliteZn3Si4O10(OH)2 · 4H2O (?)Mon.
Forms a series with:
BeidelliteBeidellite-Montmorillonite Series

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
90 photos of Montmorillonite associated with QuartzSiO2
51 photos of Montmorillonite associated with Phillipsite Subgroup(Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
37 photos of Montmorillonite associated with OffretiteKCaMg(Si13Al5)O36 · 15H2O
29 photos of Montmorillonite associated with Chabazite
21 photos of Montmorillonite associated with CalciteCaCO3
14 photos of Montmorillonite associated with 'Cleavelandite'Na(AlSi3O8)
13 photos of Montmorillonite associated with NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
12 photos of Montmorillonite associated with ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
11 photos of Montmorillonite associated with Lepidolite
11 photos of Montmorillonite associated with SideriteFeCO3

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

9.EC.MeifuiteKFe6(Si7Al)O19(OH)4Cl2Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.BalestraiteKLi2V5+Si4O12Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.VoloshiniteRb(LiAl1.5◻0.5)(Al0.5Si3.5)O10F2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.05TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.05MinnesotaiteFe2+3Si4O10(OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.05WillemseiteNi3Si4O10(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.10FluorluanshiweiiteKLiAl1.5(Si3.5Al0.5)O10F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.10GarmiteCsLiMg2(Si4O10)F2Mon.
9.EC.10GorbunoviteCsLi2(Ti,Fe)Si4O10(F,OH,O)2Mon.
9.EC.10FerripyrophylliteFe3+Si2O5(OH)Mon. 2/m
9.EC.10ManganiceladoniteK(MgMn3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.10LuanshiweiiteKLiAl1.5(Si3.5Al0.5)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.10PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2Tric. 1
9.EC.15ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.15FerroaluminoceladoniteK(Fe2+Al◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15NanpingiteCsAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.15FerroceladoniteK(Fe2+Fe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15GanteriteBa0.5(Na,K)0.5Al2(Si2.5Al1.5)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.15KreiteriteCsLi2Fe3+(Si4O10)F2Mon.
9.EC.15RoscoeliteKV3+2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.15AluminoceladoniteK(MgAl◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15Tobelite(NH4)Al2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15CeladoniteK(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15ChromceladoniteK(MgCr◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.15MontdoriteKFe2+1.5Mn2+0.5Mg0.5Si4O10(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15ChromphylliteKCr2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.15BoromuscoviteKAl2(BSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m
9.EC.15'UM1988-22-SiO:AlCaFFeHKLiMg'KLiMgAl2Si3O10F2Mon.
9.EC.15Chernykhite(Ba,Na)(V3+,Al,Mg)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.15MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.20MasutomiliteK(LiAlMn2+)[AlSi3O10]F2Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.20OxyphlogopiteK(Mg,Ti,Fe)3[(Si,Al)4O10](O,F)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20'Chloroferrokinoshitalite'(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(Cl,OH,F)2
9.EC.20SiderophylliteKFe2+2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.20SokolovaiteCsLi2Al(Si4O10)F2Mon.
9.EC.20HendricksiteKZn3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Si3Fe3+)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20FluoranniteKFe2+3(Si3Al)O10F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20AspidoliteNaMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20Suhailite(NH4)Fe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20EphesiteNaLiAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.20NorrishiteKLiMn3+2(Si4O10)O2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20YangzhumingiteKMg2.5(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20OrloviteKLi2Ti(Si4O10)OFMon. 2 : B2
9.EC.20TetraferrianniteKFe2+3(Si3Fe3+)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20ShirokshiniteK(NaMg2)(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20TrilithioniteK(Li1.5Al1.5)(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.20PolylithioniteKLi2Al(Si4O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.20ShirozuliteKMn2+3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20PreiswerkiteNaMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.20FluorophlogopiteKMg3(Si3Al)O10F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20Wonesite(Na,K,◻)(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH,F)4Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20'UM2004-49-SiO:AlCsFHKLi'(Cs,K)(Al,Li)2.6((Si,Al)4O10)(F,OH)2
9.EC.20FluorotetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20AnniteKFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20EastoniteKMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.22'Pimelite'Ni3Si4O10(OH)2 · 4H2OHex.
9.EC.30MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.35Kinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Mg,Mn2+,Al)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.35Ferrokinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.35ClintoniteCaAlMg2(SiAl3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.35Oxykinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Mg,Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(O,OH,F)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.35FluorokinoshitaliteBaMg3(Al2Si2O10)F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.35BityiteCaLiAl2(AlBeSi2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.35Anandite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3((Si,Al,Fe)4O10)(S,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.40Beidellite(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.40VolkonskoiteCa0.3(Cr,Mg,Fe)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
9.EC.40NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.40Kurumsakite(Zn,Ni,Cu)8Al8V5+2Si5O35 · 27H2O (?)Orth.
9.EC.40Yakhontovite(Ca,Na)0.5(Cu,Fe,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · 3H2OMon.
9.EC.45SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.45HectoriteNa0.3(Mg,Li)3(Si4O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.45ZincsiliteZn3Si4O10(OH)2 · 4H2O (?)Mon.
9.EC.45HanjiangiteBa2CaV3+Al(H2AlSi3O12)(CO3)2FMon. 2 : B2
9.EC.45SpadaiteMgSiO2(OH)2 · H2O (?)
9.EC.45FerrosaponiteCa0.3(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
9.EC.45Stevensite(Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.45SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon.
9.EC.45SauconiteNa0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
9.EC.50VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2OMon. 2/m
9.EC.52'Tarasovite'near NaKAl11Si13O40(OH)9 · 3H2O
9.EC.55ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.55Borocookeite(LiAl4◻)[BSi3O10](OH)8Mon. m : Bb
9.EC.55FranklinfurnaceiteCa2Fe3+Mn2+3Mn3+(Zn2Si2O10)(OH)8Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.55PennantiteMn2+5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Tric.
9.EC.55VakhrushevaiteMg5Cr(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Tric. 1
9.EC.55NimiteNi5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.55Cookeite(LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8Mon. 2/m
9.EC.55GonyeriteMn2+5Fe3+(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH)8Orth.
9.EC.55ChamositeFe2+5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.55'Orthochamosite'(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH,O)8
9.EC.55BaileychloreZn5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Tric. 1
9.EC.55SudoiteMg2Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.55GlagoleviteNa(Mg,Al)6(AlSi3O10)(OH,O)8Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.55DonbassiteAl4.33(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.60DozyiteMg7Al2(Al2Si4O15)(OH)12Mon.
9.EC.60Rectorite(Na,Ca)Al4((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 2H2OMon.
9.EC.60Corrensite(Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2OOrth.
9.EC.60AliettiteCa0.2Mg6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 4H2OMon.
9.EC.60Karpinskite(Ni,Mg)2Si2O5(OH)2 (?)Mon.
9.EC.60LunijianlaiteLi0.7Al6.2(AlSi7O20)(OH,O)10Mon.
9.EC.60TosuditeNa0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2OMon. 2 : B2
9.EC.60HydrobiotiteK(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.60Saliotite(Li,Na)Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)5Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.60KulkeiteMg8Al(AlSi7O20)(OH)10Mon.
9.EC.60BrinrobertsiteNa0.3Al4(Si4O10)2(OH)4 · 3.5 H2OMon.
9.EC.65Macaulayite(Fe,Al)24Si4O43(OH)2Mon.
9.EC.70BurckhardtitePb2(Fe3+Te6+)[AlSi3O8]O6Trig. 3m(32/m) : P31m
9.EC.75Niksergievite(Ba,Ca)2Al3(AlSi3O10)(CO3)(OH)6 · nH2OMon.
9.EC.75Ferrisurite(Pb,Ca)2.4Fe3+2(Si4O10)(CO3)1.7(OH)3 · nH2OMon.
9.EC.75Surite(Pb,Ca)3(Al,Fe2+,Mg)2((Si,Al)4O10)(CO3)2(OH)2Mon. 2 : P21
9.EC.80KegelitePb8Al4(Si8O20)(SO4)2(CO3)4(OH)8Mon.

Fluorescence of MontmorilloniteHide

In UV light:
Usually not fluorescent, except by mixtures with autunite, etc.

Other InformationHide

Thermal Behaviour:
Basal spacings collapse to lower values with dehydration
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Montmorillonite in petrologyHide

Internet Links for MontmorilloniteHide

References for MontmorilloniteHide

Reference List:
Mauduyt, L. (1847) Un mot sur un morceau de quartz d'une variété particulière, ainsi que sur une substance minérale trouvée dans le département de la Vienne. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France: 4: 168-170.
Clark, G. L.; Grim, R. E.; Bradley, W. F. (1937) A Study of the Behavior of Montmorillonite upon Wetting. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, 97 (1-6). 216-222 doi:10.1524/zkri.1937.97.1.216
Hofmann, Ulrich; Maegdefrau, Edmund (1938) Die Kristallstruktur des Montmorillonits. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, 98 (1-6). 299-323 doi:10.1524/zkri.1938.98.1.299
Grim, R. E.; Bradley, W. F. (1940) Investigation of the effect of heat on the clay minerals illite and montmorillonite. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 23 (8). 242-248 doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1940.tb14263.x
Ross, C.S., Hendricks, S.B. (1943) Minerals of the Montmorillonite Group: Their Origin and Relation to Soils and Clays. United States Geological Survey, Professional paper 205-B: 79 pgs.
MACEWAN, DOUGLAS M. C. (1944) Identification of the Montmorillonite Group of Minerals by X-Rays. Nature, 154 (3914). 577-578 doi:10.1038/154577b0
Mering, J. (1946) On the hydration of montmorillonite. Transactions of the Faraday Society: 42: 205-219.
McConnell, Duncan (1950) The crystal chemistry of montmorillonite. American Mineralogist, 35 (3-4) 166-172
Earley, J. W., Osthaus, B. B., Milne, and I. H. (1953) Purification and properties of montmorillonite. American Mineralogist, 38 (7-8) 707-724
Schüller, A. (1953) Eine natürliche Mineralsynthese von Montmorillonit im Nephelinbasalt des Großen Dolmar bei Meiningen (Rhön). Heidelberger Beiträge zur Mineralogie und Petrographie, 3 (6). 472-494 doi:10.1007/bf01129199
Grim, R. E., Kulbicki, G. (1961) Montmorillonite: High temperature reactions and classification. American Mineralogist, 46 (11-12) 1329-1369
Tettenhorst, Rodney (1964) Interstratification in Montmorillonite. Clays and Clay Minerals, 13 (1) 85-93 doi:10.1346/ccmn.1964.0130109
Russell, J. D. (1964) Infra-Red Spectroscopic Study of the Dehydration of Montmorillonite and Saponite. Clay Minerals, 5 (32) 443-464 doi:10.1180/claymin.1964.005.32.04
McAtee, James L., Henslee, and Walter (1969) Electron-microscopy of montmorillonite dispersed at various pH. American Mineralogist, 54 (5-6) 869-874
Shutov, V.D., Drits, V.A., Sakharov, B.A. (1969) On the mechanism of a postsedimentary transformation of montmorillonite into hydromica. In L. Heller, Ed., Proceedings International Clay Conference, Tokyo, 1969, 1: 523-532, Jerusalem University.
Shutov, V.D., Drits, V.A., Sakharov, B.A. (1969) On the mechanism of a postsedimentary transformation of montmorillonite into hydromica: Discussion. In L. Heller, Ed., Proceedings International Clay Conference, Tokyo, 1969, 2: 126-129, Jerusalem University.
Harder, H. (1969) Illit- und Montmorillonit-Synthese bei niedrigen Temperaturen. Die Naturwissenschaften, 56 (5). 279 doi:10.1007/bf00633925
Tettenhorst, Rodney, Roberson, Herman E. (1973) X-ray diffraction aspects of montmorillonites. American Mineralogist, 58 (1-2). 73-80
Velde, Bruce (1973) Phase Equilibria in the System MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O: Chlorites and Associated Minerals. Mineralogical Magazine, 39 (303) 297-312 doi:10.1180/minmag.1973.039.303.06
Gillespie, James B., Lindberg, James D., Smith, and Michael S. (1974) Visible and near-infrared absorption coefficients of montmorillonite and related clays. American Mineralogist, 59 (9-10) 1113-1116
Lagaly, G., Fernandez Gonzalez, M., Weiss, Armin (1976) Problems in layer-charge determination of montmorillonites. Clay Minerals, 11 (3) 173-187 doi:10.1180/claymin.1976.011.3.01
Tazaki, K. (1987) Transformations of Al-interlayered montmorillonite upon aging. The Canadian Mineralogist: 25: 347-352.
Sherman, David M., Vergo, Norma (1988) Optical spectrum, site occupancy, and oxidation state of Mn in montmorillonite. American Mineralogist, 73 (1-2) 140-144
Groos, A. F. Koster Van, Guggenheim, Stephen (1989) Dehydroxylation of Ca- and Mg-exchanged montmorillonite. American Mineralogist, 74 (5-6) 627-636
Muller, F., Besson, G., Manceau, A., Drits, V.-A. (1997) Distribution of isomorphous cations within octahedral sheets in montmorillonite from Camp-Bertaux. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 24 (3) 159-166 doi:10.1007/s002690050029
(2001) Montmorillonite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America
Petit, S., Caillaud, J ., Righi, D., Madejová, J ., Elsass, F., Köster, H. M. (2002) Characterization and crystal chemistry of an Fe-rich montmorillonite from Ölberg, Germany. Clay Minerals, 37 (2) 283-297 doi:10.1180/0009855023720034
BURFORD, EUAN P., KIERANS, MARTIN, GADD, GEOFFREY M. (2003) Geomycology: fungi in mineral substrata. Mycologist, 17 (3). 98-107 doi:10.1017/s0269915x03003112
Christidis, G. E. (2006) Genesis and compositional heterogeneity of smectites. Part III: Alteration of basic pyroclastic rocks--A case study from the Troodos Ophiolite Complex, Cyprus. American Mineralogist, 91 (4) 685-701 doi:10.2138/am.2006.2001
Cuadros, Javier, Michalski, Joseph R., Dyar, M. Darby, Dekov, Vesselin (2019) Controls on tetrahedral Fe(III) abundance in 2:1 phyllosilicates. American Mineralogist, 104 (11) 1608-1619 doi:10.2138/am-2019-7036
Li, Ke Jin, Kurniawan, Alfin, Christidis, Georgios E., He, Jia Yong, Zhou, Chun Hui (2024) Interfacial interactions controlling adsorption of metal cations on montmorillonite. American Mineralogist, 109 (4) 633-655 doi:10.2138/am-2022-8834

Localities for MontmorilloniteHide

Showing 2,053 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
Hide all sections | Show all sections

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Afghanistan
 
  • Nuristan
    • Nilaw-Kolum pegmatite field
Betts (n.d.)
DeWitt et al. (2020)
Antarctica
 
  • East Antarctica
    • Queen Maud Land
      • Queen Fabiola Mountains
Gyollai et al. (2016)
    • Victoria Land
      • Ross Archipelago
        • Ross Island
Browne
Kammerer (2011)
Argentina
 
  • Chubut Province
    • Cushamen Department
Padrón de Minas de la Provincia de Chubut (2005)
Padrón de Minas de la Provincia de Chubut (2005)
    • Escalante Department
Padrón de Minas de la Provincia de Chubut (2005)
Padrón de Minas de la Provincia de Chubut (2005)
Padrón de Minas de la Provincia de Chubut (2005)
Padrón de Minas de la Provincia de Chubut (2005)
Padrón de Minas de la Provincia de Chubut (2005)
Padrón de Minas de la Provincia de Chubut (2005)
Padrón de Minas de la Provincia de Chubut (2005)
Padrón de Minas de la Provincia de Chubut (2005)
    • Gastre Department
      • Navidad project
Bouhier et al. (2023)
    • Mártires Department
      • Las Plumas
Padrón de Minas de la Provincia de Chubut (2005)
  • Jujuy Province
    • Susques Department
      • Coranzuli
Helvaci et al. (2000) +2 other references
  • Mendoza Province
    • Las Heras Department
      • Uspallata District
        • Paramillos de Uspallata
Singer et al. (2008)
    • Malargüe Department
      • Agua Escondida District
        • Don Sixto Project
RUBINSTEIN
  • Neuquén Province
    • Añelo Department
Musso et al. (2022)
      • Los Chihuidos
Rainoldi et al. (2024)
    • Loncopué department
      • Loncopué
        • Mellao Morales
Singer et al. (2008)
    • Ñorquín Department
      • Caviahue-Copahue
        • Copahue Geothermal Field
Mas et al. (1994)
  • Salta Province
    • Los Andes department
      • San Antonio de los Cobres
        • El Quevar mining district
ROBL +1 other reference
Paz et al. (2016)
  • San Juan Province
    • Calingasta Department
      • Calingasta
Zubía et al. (2008)
      • Casposo Property
Valencia (2024)
    • Jáchal Department
      • Mogna
www.mineralatlas.com (n.d.)
Peña (1970)
Armenia
 
  • Kotayk Province
    • Hrazdan
Bowell et al. (2021)
      • Megradzor
Kolpakova et al. (2001)
  • Tavush Province
    • Ijevan
Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
Atlantic Ocean
 
Martos-Villa +5 other references
  • Mid-Atlantic Ridge complex
Milinovic +6 other references
Australia
 
  • New South Wales
    • Bland Co.
      • Temora
Wilde (1988)
    • Buller Co.
      • Drake district
Henley et al. (2001)
    • Clive Co.
Henley et al. (2001)
    • Cumberland County
      • Prospect
        • Prospect Hill
England (1994)
    • Cunningham Co.
      • Trundle
Singer et al. (2008)
    • Finch Co.
Markham et al. (1974)
    • Fitzroy Co.
      • Sapphire Beach
Dodds (1969)
    • Gloucester Co.
      • Barrington Tops
        • Barrington
Graham et al. (2002)
    • Gough Co.
      • Glen Innes
Henley et al. (2001)
    • Northumberland County
      • Allandale
Adamson (1962)
      • Kulnura
England (1984)
    • Rous Co.
      • Bexhill
Brown et al. (2001)
    • Wentworth Co.
      • Wentworth
        • Nampoo Station
Segnit (1973)
    • Westmoreland County
Graham et al. (2002)
Podgson RE
  • Northern Territory
    • Barkly Region
Scriven et al. (2007)
      • Sandover
        • Ammaroo Station (Amaroo Station)
O'Toole (1973)
      • Wauchope
        • Kurundi Goldfield
Magirian (1998)
    • City of Darwin
Rix (1964/94)
  • Queensland
    • Cairns Region
      • Prosperpine
Loughnan et al. (1983)
    • Charters Towers Region
Zeissink (1969)
    • City of Mount Isa
      • Mount Isa
Sielecki (1988)
Sielecki (1988)
      • Cloncurry
Singer et al. (2009)
      • Selwyn District
        • Mount Dore Mine
www.smedg.org.au (2011)
    • Ipswich City Shire
    • Mareeba Shire
Nethery et al. (1998)
    • North Burnett Region
      • Mount Biggenden
Edraki et al. (2025)
    • Rockhampton Region
      • Mount Morgan
Singer et al. (2008)
    • Whitsunday Region
      • Mount Carlton district
- (n.d.)
Sahlström et al. (2016)
  • South Australia
    • Adelaide Hills Council
      • Gumeracha
Collection of Mark Willoughby
Eggleton (1959)
    • Goyder Regional Council
      • Burra
    • Light Regional Council
      • St Kitts
    • Pastoral Unincorporated Area
      • Anabama Hill
Hong et al. (2023)
      • Arkaroola (Arkaroola Wilderness Sanctuary; Arkaroola Station)
        • Yudnamutana District
      • Boolcoomatta Reserve (Boolcoomata Station)
Gordon et al. (2014)
      • Iron Knob
Hong et al. (2023)
  • Tasmania
    • Burnie City
      • Hampshire mining district
Anon (2013)
Matsubara et al. (1984)
    • Circular Head municipality
      • Arthur River district
        • Edith Creek
Bottrill (1989)
    • Hobart City
      • Lenah Valley
Bottrill et al. (2008)
    • Huon Valley municipality
      • Huon-Channel region
Taheri +1 other reference
        • Weld river district
Bottrill et al. (2008)
    • Launceston City municipality
      • The Sideling
M Latham & R Bottrill +1 other reference
    • Waratah-Wynyard municipality
www.crocoite.com (2003)
    • West Coast municipality
      • Zeehan mining district
        • North Dundas
Patterson
  • Victoria
    • Bass Coast Shire
      • Phillip Island
        • Kitty Miller Bay
    • Baw Baw Shire
      • Jindivick
Sorrell (n.d.)
    • City of Casey
      • Narre Warren North
Birch et al. (1979)
    • Glenelg Shire
      • Portland
        • Cape Sir William Grant
Birch (1989)
    • Moorabool Shire
      • Parwan
Birch et al. (1993)
    • Mornington Peninsula Shire
      • Flinders area
Tschernich (1992)
  • Western Australia
    • Carnarvon Shire
Carr et al. (2021)
    • Coolgardie Shire
      • Nepean
Jacobson et al. (2007)
    • East Pilbara Shire
      • Nullagine
        • Five Mile Creek Goldfield
Huston (2001)
    • Laverton Shire
      • Mount Weld Station
Cook et al. (2023)
Murrin Murrin Nickel Laterite Deposit +2 other references
    • Leonora Shire
      • Linden Goldfield
Graham (2003)
      • Ten Mile Outcamp
Nickel (1982)
    • Menzies Shire
      • Davyhurst Goldfield
        • Callion
Lintern (1998)
    • Ngaanyatjarraku Shire
      • West Musgrave Block
        • Wingellina Community (Irrunytju)
Francesco et al. (2019)
    • Wiluna Shire
      • Mount Keith
Grguric (2003)
    • Wyndham-East Kimberley Shire
Recent Investigations of the Mitchell ... +3 other references
Austria
 
  • Burgenland
    • Oberpullendorf District
      • Markt Sankt Martin
        • Pauliberg
U. Kolitsch et al. (2009) +1 other reference
    • Oberwart District
      • Stadtschlaining
Huber et al. (1977) +1 other reference
  • Carinthia
    • Villach-Land District
      • Fresach
        • Amberg
Niedermayr et al. (1995)
    • Wolfsberg District
      • Frantschach-Sankt Gertraud
        • Brandrücken
Niedermayr et al. (1995)
      • Preitenegg
        • Packsattel
      • Sankt Paul im Lavanttal
        • Kollnitz
Niedermayr et al. (1995)
      • Wolfsberg
        • Waldenstein
  • Lower Austria
    • Krems-Land District
      • Mühldorf
        • Amstall
Zirkl (1961)
      • Weinzierl am Walde
Knobloch (1982)
    • Melk District
      • Persenbeug-Gottsdorf
Neschen (n.d.)
      • Raxendorf
        • Feistritz
Holzer et al. (1963)
  • Salzburg
    • Hallein District
      • Abtenau
Strasser (1989)
      • Scheffau am Tennengebirge
        • Moosegg
Strasser et al. (1998)
    • Salzburg
      • Untersberg massif
Strasser (1989)
    • St. Johann im Pongau District
      • Grossarl
        • Kleiner Schneibenstein
Strasser (1989)
    • Tamsweg District
      • Muhr
Strasser (1989)
        • Schellgaden
          • Katschberg
Strasser (1989)
    • Zell am See District
      • Bramberg am Wildkogel
Strasser (1989)
- (n.d.)
      • Hollersbach im Pinzgau
Strasser (1989) +2 other references
      • Neukirchen am Großvenediger
        • Silberofen
Strasser (1989)
  • Styria
    • Bruck-Mürzzuschlag District
      • Kindberg
        • Hadersdorf
Taucher (1998) +1 other reference
    • Graz
      • Mariatrost
Postl (1978)
    • Leibnitz District
      • Oberhaag
        • Lieschengraben
Taucher et al. (1992)
    • Leoben District
      • Leoben
        • Galgenberg
Hollerer (1999)
Freyn (1902)
    • Südoststeiermark District
      • Bad Gleichenberg
        • Bairisch Kölldorf
Postl et al. (1996)
[var: Ferrimontmorillonite] Postl et al. (1996)
        • Klausen
Aufschluss 1972 (SB)
        • Wilhelmsdorf
Postl et al. (1996)
      • Klöch
Taucher (1989)
  • Upper Austria
    • Rohrbach District
      • Aigen-Schlägl
Reiter (1999)
Belarus
 
  • Gomel Region
    • Zhytkavichy District
E.P. Shpanov et al. (1989)
Belgium
 
  • Brussels
    • Watermael-Boitsfort
Thorez (1973)
  • Flanders
    • Antwerp
Hatert et al. (2002)
  • Wallonia
    • Hainaut
      • Bernissart
        • Blaton
Hatert et al. (2002) +1 other reference
    • Liège
Hatert et al. (2002)
      • Liège
Breithaupt (1832) +2 other references
    • Luxembourg
      • Vielsalm
        • Salmchâteau
Blondieau et al. (2017)
Bolivia
 
  • La Paz
    • José Manuel Pando Province
Biagioni et al. (2022)
  • Oruro
    • Pantaleón Dalence Province
      • Huanuni
Cacho et al. (2019)
      • Santa Fé mining district
Jiménez-Franco et al. (2018)
Bosnia and Herzegovina
 
  • Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • Tuzla Canton
      • Lukavac
Bevandić et al. (2018)
Brazil
 
  • Goiás
    • Iporá
Santos et al. (2024)
Queiroz (2016)
  • Mato Grosso do Sul
    • Aquidauana
Costa-Silva et al. (2026)
  • Minas Gerais
    • Caldas
Waber et al. (1992) +1 other reference
    • Conselheiro Pena
      • Barra do Cuieté
Cassedanne et al. (1982)
Atencio et al. (2004)
    • Galiléia
      • Sapucaia do Norte
Cassedanne et al. (1999)
    • Jaguaraçu
Cassedanne et al. (1994)
    • Poços de Caldas
Waber (1991)
    • São José da Safira
Cassedanne et al. (1980)
  • Pará
    • Canaã dos Carajás
      • Serra Sul complex
        • S11D deposit
SALLUN FILHO (orgs.) +1 other reference
  • Paraíba
    • Vieirópolis
      • Vieirópolis pegmatite field
e Souza et al. (2020)
  • Paraná
    • Cerro Azul
      • Mato Preto carbonatite complex
JENKINS II (1987)
  • Rio Grande do Norte
    • Currais Novos
Costa et al. (2024)
  • Santa Catarina
    • Arroio Trinta
Bergmann (2009)
Bergmann (2009)
  • Tocantins
    • São Salvador do Tocantins
Queiroz (2016)
Bulgaria
 
  • Dobrich Province
    • Balchik Municipality
      • Obrochishte
Aleksiev (1967) +1 other reference
  • Haskovo Province
    • Mineralni Bani Municipality
      • Spahievo
        • Spahievo ore field
Kunov et al. (2001)
  • Kardzhali Province
    • Kardzhali Municipality
      • Beli Plast
Georgiev et al. (2002) +1 other reference
  • Sofia City Province
    • Stolichna Municipality
Georgiev et al. (2002)
Cambodia
 
  • KamPot Province
United Nations (1993)
  • Takeo Province
    • Kiri Vong District
Piilonen et al. (2023)
Cameroon
 
  • East Region
    • Haut-Nyong
      • Lomié
        • Lomié Ultramafic complex
Lambert et al. (2008)
Canada
 
  • British Columbia
    • Clinton Mining Division
British Columbia Ministry of Energy
    • Kamloops Mining Division
      • Falkland
Tschernich et al. (1982) +1 other reference
      • Kamloops
Singer et al. (2008)
Lypaczewski et al. (2020)
Singer et al. (2008)
Singer et al. (2008)
Singer et al. (2008)
Singer et al. (2008)
    • Omineca Mining Division
      • Granisle
personal correspondence with Giles ...
      • Ootsa Lake
personal correspondence with Giles ... +1 other reference
Singer et al. (2008)
Singer et al. (2008)
      • Toodoggone River area
Duuring et al. (2009)
    • Osoyoos Mining Division
      • Okanagan Falls
Personal correspondance with Giles ...
    • Revelstoke Mining Division
      • Boulder Mountain Pegmatite Group
Breasley et al. (2024)
    • Vancouver Island
      • Alberni Mining Division
Tschernich (1992)
  • Manitoba
    • Lac-du-Bonnet area
      • Bernic Lake
        • Buck claim
Bannatyne (1985)
153-155. +2 other references
      • Cat Lake - Winnipeg River pegmatite field
Paul (1984)
  • Newfoundland and Labrador
    • Newfoundland
      • St. Lawrence
Norman Wilson collection
  • Nova Scotia
    • Kings Co.
Canadian Museum of Nature collection (Specimen 40536)
  • Ontario
    • Greater Sudbury
      • McKim Township
Schindler et al. (2012)
    • Middlesex County
      • Williams Township
Ontario Ministry of Northern ...
    • Renfrew County
      • Brudenell-Lyndoch-and-Raglan
        • Lyndoch Township
          • Quadeville area
Piilonen et al. (2024)
  • Québec
    • Abitibi-Témiscamingue
      • La Vallée-de-l'Or RCM
        • Réservoir-Dozois
Olivier Langelier Collection
    • Centre-du-Québec
      • Arthabaska RCM
        • Saints-Martyrs-Canadiens
Robinson et al. (1996)
    • Chaudière-Appalaches
      • Les Appalaches RCM
        • Thetford Mines
          • Black Lake
Canadian Museum of Nature collection
    • Estrie
      • Le Granit RCM
        • Val-Racine
CLÉMENT
      • Les Sources RCM
        • Val-des-Sources
Horváth & Spertini (2008 & 2009)
    • Gaspésie-Îles-de-la-Madeleine
      • La Côte-de-Gaspé RCM
        • Murdochville
Singer et al. (2008)
    • Montérégie
      • La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM
        • Mont Saint-Hilaire
Grice (1989) +1 other reference
      • Lajemmerais RCM
        • Varennes & St-Amable
          • Saint-Amable sill
Horváth et al. (1998)
    • Montréal
176-178. +2 other references
Sabina (1983)
    • Outaouais
      • Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais RCM
        • Val-des-Monts
          • Saint-Pierre-de-Wakefield
            • Lake Saint-Pierre
Sabina (1987)
  • Saskatchewan
    • Athabasca Basin
Knipping (1974)
  • Yukon
    • Mayo mining district
Watson et al. (1996)
    • Whitehorse mining district
      • Coffee Creek
Singer et al. (2008)
Chile
 
  • Antofagasta
    • Antofagasta Province
Camus et al. (1991)
Schlüter et al. (2000) +2 other references
      • Taltal
Gerhard Möhn Collection
    • El Loa Province
      • Calama
Freeport-McMoRan
Cortecci et al. (2005)
      • Ollagüe
Vidal et al. (2022)
      • San Pedro de Atacama
Guo et al. (2022)
  • Atacama
    • Chañaral Province
      • Diego de Almagro
        • El Salvador mining district
Codelco
      • Potrerillos
Singer et al. (2008)
    • Copiapó Province
      • Cabeza de Vaca mining district
Parker L.R./Salas R./Pérez G. (1963) +2 other references
      • Copiapó
- (n.d.) +1 other reference
      • Tierra Amarilla
        • Las Pintadas mining district
          • Cerro Pintado
XRD by Joachim Lorenz +1 other reference
Lohmeier et al. (2025)
    • Huasco Province
      • Vallenar
Maksaev et al. (2010)
  • O'Higgins
    • Cachapoal Province
      • Rancagua
        • El Teniente
Singer et al. (2008)
  • Santiago Metropolitan Region
    • Melipilla Province
      • Alhué mining district
YAMANA GOLD INC. ANNUAL INFORMATION ...
  • Tarapacá
    • Tamarugal Province
      • Pica
        • Collahuasi mining district
Singer et al. (2008)
Teck Resources Limited
- (2003) +1 other reference
China
 
  • Anhui
    • Chuzhou
      • Mingguang City
Yanhua Wang and Hanzhu Wang (1998)
    • Hefei
      • Lujiang Co.
        • Huangtun township (Huangtunxiang; Huangtong township; Huangtongxiang)
Fang et al. (2026)
LIU et al. (2021)
Qingtao Huang (1984)
    • Ma'anshan
      • Dangtu County
        • Zhonggu Fe ore field (Zhongshan-Gushan Fe ore field; Zhonggushan Fe ore field)
Zhangru Zhu (1993)
  • Fujian
    • Longyan
      • Shanghang Co.
        • Zijinshan ore field
Duan et al. (2022)
Wang et al. (2025)
Wang et al. (2024) +1 other reference
    • Nanping
      • Wuyishan City
Songmao Chen (1984)
    • Quanzhou
      • Dehua Co.
Fan et al. (2026)
    • Sanming
      • Datian County
Shufeng Huang et al. (1999)
      • Qingliu County
        • Wuyi Metallogenic Belt
Yunhuai Lin (1982) +2 other references
    • Xiamen
      • Tong'an District
Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica 11 (2)
  • Gansu
    • Gannan
      • Luqu Co.
Peters (2002)
    • Jinchang
      • Jinchuan District
Hewei Zhang (1982) +2 other references
    • Jiuquan
      • Dunhuang Co.
Huang et al. (2026)
      • Guazhou Co.
Mao Jingwen et al. (2000)
Mingzuan Xu et al. (2011)
    • Longnan
      • Wen County
Jinzhong Qi et al. (2008)
    • Qingyang
Zhang et al. (2025)
  • Guangdong
    • Qingyuan
      • Yingde City
Liang et al. (2025)
    • Shaoguan
      • Wengyuan Co.
Dahlkamp (2009)
  • Guangxi
    • Baise
      • Leye Co.
Lin Niu (1994)
      • Lingyun Co.
Dajing Chen et al. (2001)
      • Pingguo Co.
Zhangling Liu (1980) +2 other references
      • Tianyang Co.
Shuhui Cai et al. (2012)
    • Chongzuo
      • Daxin Co.
Dairong Yan et al. (2006)
      • Tiandeng Co.
Shouquan Zhu (2001)
    • Fangchenggang
      • Fangcheng District
        • Qinzhou-Fangcheng Mn ore field
Yinsheng Lang et al. (2007)
    • Guilin
      • Yangshuo Co.
Zhang et al. (2026)
    • Hechi
      • Fengshan County
Shihua Qi et al. (2000)
    • Laibin
Zheng et al. (2024)
    • Nanning
      • Shanglin County
Dajing Chen et al. (2001)
    • Qinzhou
      • Qinbei District
        • Qinzhou-Fangcheng Mn ore field
Yinsheng Lang et al. (2007)
Yinsheng Lang et al. (2007)
Yinsheng Lang et al. (2007)
Yinsheng Lang et al. (2007)
  • Guizhou
    • Qianxinan
      • Anlong County
www.portergeo.com.au (2007)
      • Qinglong County
Dajing Chen and Mingshou Yang (2000) +1 other reference
Sun et al. (2021)
      • Xingren County
        • Huijiabao gold field
Liu et al. (2015)
      • Zhenfeng County
Yaojian Xu and Tieping Wu (2008)
    • Zunyi
      • Bozhou District
Kehua Yin (2009)
      • Daozhen County
Chen et al. (2022)
  • Hebei
    • Baoding
      • Quyang County
Tian et al. (2025)
      • Xushui District
Surong Ji et al. (1987)
    • Chengde
      • Fengning County
Jiuming Li et al. (2006)
Qianwen Cao and Yaowu Ren (1990)
    • Xingtai
      • Shahe Co.
成嘉伟 et al. (2023)
    • Zhangjiakou
      • Guyuan County
Dahlkamp (2009) +1 other reference
  • Heilongjiang
    • Daxing'anling
      • Huma County
Zhiguo Zhang et al. (2008) +2 other references
      • Mohe City
        • Shabaosi gold field
Jinzhong Qi et al. (2000)
      • Songling District
Zhaojun Meng et al. (2011) +1 other reference
      • Xinlin District
Qin et al. (2026)
    • Heihe
      • Aihui District
Zhai et al. (2015)
      • Nenjiang County
pubs.usgs.gov (2006)
      • Wudalianchi City
Bai et al. (2024)
    • Mudanjiang
      • Dongning County
Li et al. (2019)
      • Muling City
Shouting Zhang et al. (2004)
    • Yichun
      • Tieli City
Gao et al. (2024)
  • Henan
    • Luoyang
      • Luoning County
Meng et al. (2022)
      • Song County
Senpo Wen (2009)
        • Dongwan gold field
Wang et al. (2024)
Senpo Wen et al. (2008)
    • Nanyang
      • Tongbai County
Song et al. (2024)
      • Xichuan County
Li et al. (2025)
    • Pingdingshan
      • Baofeng County
Qinghai Ji et al. (2013)
  • Hong Kong
    • New Territories
      • Sha Tin District
        • Ma On Mountain (Ma On Shan)
Li (2007)
  • Hubei
    • Huanggang
      • Luotian Co.
        • Hejiawan
Jingqu Yao (1992)
Jingqu Yao (1992)
    • Huangshi
      • Daye Co.
        • Edong Mining District
Yanbing Tang (2005) +2 other references
Chu et al. (2023)
    • Wuhan
      • Huangpi District
Jingqu Yao (1992)
    • Yichang
      • Xingshan Co.
Chao Chen and Fapeng Xie (1986)
  • Hunan
    • Changde
      • Linli Co.
Linjiang Wang et al. (1999)
    • Changsha
      • Liuyang City
Liu (2017)
        • Yonghe
Wenguang Li (1997) +1 other reference
    • Chenzhou
      • Guiyang Co.
Wang et al. (2022)
Fushan Wang (1991)
Fushan Wang (1991)
      • Linwu Co.
Li et al. (2023)
      • Rucheng Co.
Chen et al. (2022)
    • Huaihua
      • Mayang Miao Autonomous County
Manxiang Huang (1991)
      • Xupu Co.
National Geological Archives of China ...
  • Inner Mongolia
    • Alxa League (Alashan Prefecture)
      • Alxa Left Banner (Alashan Zuoqi)
[var: Askanite] Zhenmi Liu (2000)
    • Baotou City
      • Bayan Obo mining district
Qing-chang (1981)
      • Guyang County
Wang et al. (2024)
    • Bayannur City (Bayannao'er Prefecture)
      • Urad Front Banner (Wulate Qianqi)
Ding et al. (2024)
    • Chifeng City (Ulanhad League; Chifeng Prefecture)
      • Hexigten Banner (Keshiketeng Co.)
Luo et al. (2014)
      • Ningcheng County
Zhong Wang (2004)
    • Hulunbuir City (Hulunbei'er Prefecture)
      • New Barag Right Banner (Xin Barag Youqi)
Lei Ji et al. (1994)
    • Ordos City (E'erduosi Prefecture)
      • Dongsheng District
Yingxia Xu et al. (2006)
      • Hanggin Banner
Hu et al. (2025)
    • Tongliao City (Tongliao Prefecture)
      • Horqin Left Middle Banner
Tian et al. (2023) +1 other reference
Huang et al. (2025)
Yi Luo et al. (2012)
    • Ulanqab City (Wulanchabu Prefecture)
      • Dorbod Banner (Siziwang Co.)
Li et al. (2021)
    • Xilingol League (Xilinguole Prefecture)
      • Duolun County
Jia Li et al. (1998)
Jia Li et al. (1998)
      • East Ujimqin Banner (Dongwuzhumuqin Co.; Dongwu Qi)
Zhang et al. (2020)
      • Sonid Right Banner (Sunite Youqi)
Kai Meng et al. (2009) +1 other reference
      • Xilinhot City (Xilinhaote Co.)
        • Shengli coal field
Yao +7 other references
  • Jiangsu
    • Huai'an
      • Xuyi Co.
Tianhu Chen et al. (2004)
Ruishi Yang and Wenguang Li (2001)
    • Nanjing
      • Jiangning District
Sisong Chen et al. (1980)
    • Suzhou
      • Huqiu District
Kecong Han and Shengyun Ma (1985)
  • Jiangxi
    • Fuzhou
      • Le'an Co.
Yang et al. (2026)
Dahlkamp (2009) +1 other reference
    • Ganzhou
      • Longnan Co.
Chen +4 other references
      • Ningdu Co.
Wenle Zeng et al. (2010)
    • Jingdezhen
      • Leping Co.
Xinkui Xiang (1992) +1 other reference
Fu et al. (2023)
    • Shangrao
      • Dexing Co.
Zongyao et al. (2005)
    • Yichun
      • Yuanzhou District
Shufang He and Jianping Lu (2001)
        • Yichun complex (Yashan batholith)
Desong Lin (1993)
  • Jilin
    • Baishan
      • Fusong County
Jie Yao et al. (2002)
    • Changchun
      • Jiutai Co.
Zhixian Liu (1985)
    • Yanbian Chaoxianzu
      • Yanji City
Renyi Chen and Zhongyao Rui (1993)
  • Liaoning
    • Chaoyang
      • Beipiao City
        • Jinchanggouliang-Erdaogou ore field
Jiangli Pang (1999)
      • Jianping County
        • Qingfengshanxiang
www.sud-chemie.com.cn (n.d.)
    • Fushun
      • Qingyuan Co.
Guangyu Zhou (1983)
    • Huludao
      • Jianchang County
        • Qinglong Uranium ore field
Dahlkamp (2009)
    • Liaoyang
      • Dengta Co.
wrgis.wr.usgs.gov (2004)
  • Qinghai
    • Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
      • Da Qaidam (Dachaidan Co.)
Chang Xu (1985) +1 other reference
Liu et al. (2026)
      • Golmud City (Ge'ermu Co.)
Chang Xu (1985)
        • Qarhan salt lake (Chaerhan salt lake)
Chang Xu (1985)
Chang Xu (1985)
Chang Xu (1985)
      • Mangnai City (Mangya Co.)
Chang Xu (1985) +1 other reference
        • Lenghu Co.
Chang Xu (1985) +1 other reference
Chang Xu (1985) +1 other reference
      • Qaidam Basin (Chaidan Basin; Tsaidam Basin)
Wang et al. (2026)
Ni et al. (2026)
  • Shaanxi
    • Baoji
      • Feng County
        • Fengxian–Taibai ore cluster
Xueming Wang et al. (2001)
Wang et al. (2023)
          • Yinmusi Mines
[1]许高奇 et al. (1)
    • Hanzhong
      • Mian County
Zhongtang Yang et al. (2008) +1 other reference
      • Yang County
Zilin Tang et al. (1988)
    • Shangluo
      • Shanyang County
Zhou et al. (2025)
    • Xi'an
      • Lantian County
Dahlkamp (2009)
    • Yulin
      • Fugu County
Bingshe Zhang et al. (2013)
  • Shandong
    • Rizhao
      • Wulian Co.
Liu et al. (2024)
    • Weihai
      • Rushan Co.
        • Muping-Rushan metallogenic belt
          • Rushan ore field
Jianchao Liu et al. (2010)
    • Yantai
      • Haiyang City
Zhang et al. (2026)
      • Laizhou City
        • Jiaojia-Xincheng Gold camp
Wang et al. (2025)
      • Zhaoyuan City
        • Linglong Gold camp
Hao et al. (2024)
  • Shanxi
    • Shuozhou
      • Pinglu District
[var: Calcium-Montmorillonite] Yongtao Zhang and Guiqin Tang (1986)
    • Xinzhou
      • Fanshi Co.
Wang et al. (2025)
    • Yangquan
Wang et al. (2025)
  • Sichuan
    • Garzê Autonomous Prefecture (Ganzi Autonomous Prefecture)
      • Baiyü County
Xiaoming Qu et al. (2001)
    • Ngawa Autonomous Prefecture (Aba Autonomous Prefecture)
      • Songpan Co.
Peters (2002)
    • Zigong
      • Rong Co.
Zhaoying Liu and Wang Zufu Wang (1989)
  • Tibet
    • Lhasa
      • Maizhokunggar Co. (Mozhugongka Co.)
Huang +5 other references
    • Nagqu
      • Baingoin Co. (Bange Co.)
Chang Xu (1985)
      • Nyima Co. (Nima Co.)
        • Rongma township
Chang Xu (1985) +1 other reference
      • Shuanghu Co.
Chang Xu (1985)
Chang Xu (1985) +1 other reference
Chang Xu (1985) +1 other reference
      • Xainza Co. (Shenzha Co.)
Zhaoyan Gu et al. (1994)
    • Ngari
      • Gê'gyai Co. (Geji Co.)
Chang Xu (1985) +1 other reference
Chang Xu (1985)
      • Gêrzê Co.
Chang Xu (1985)
        • Duolong ore field
Zheng et al. (2025)
Hualing et al. (2026)
      • Rutog Co. (Ritu Co.)
Chang Xu (1985)
    • Nyingtri Prefecture (Linzhi Prefecture)
      • Gongbo'gyamda Co. (Gongbujiangda Co.)
Junxing Zhao et al. (2011)
    • Qamdo Prefecture (Changdu Prefecture)
      • Jomdo Co. (Jiangda Co.)
pubs.usgs.gov (2006)
    • Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture)
      • Nêdong Co. (Naidong Co.; Zedang Co.)
Qingsheng Xu et al. (2011)
    • Xigazê Prefecture (Rikaze Prefecture; Shigatse Prefecture)
      • Bainang Co. (Bailang Co.)
Dongan Wang (1986)
      • Ngamring Co. (Angren Co.)
Wu et al. (2025)
      • Xaitongmoin Co. (Xietongmen Co.)
Yang et al. (2020) +2 other references
      • Zhongba Co.
Mianping Zheng et al. (2007)
Minghui Li et al. (2007)
  • Xinjiang
    • Bayin'gholin Autonomous Prefecture
      • Hejing Co. (Xejing Co.)
        • Baluntai
Zhian Qin (1999)
    • Changji Autonomous Prefecture (Sanji Autonomous Prefecture)
      • Jimsar Co. (Jimisar Co.; Jimusa'er Co.)
Tang (2005)
        • Zhundong coalfield
Che et al. (2024)
      • Qitai Co. (Gucheng Co.; Guqung Co.)
Yang et al. (2009)
    • Hami Prefecture (Kumul Prefecture; Qumul Prefecture)
      • Barkol Co. (Barköl Co.; Balikun Co.)
        • Twin Peaks area
Wang et al. (2001) +2 other references
      • Yizhou District
Wang et al. (2025)
Tang (2005)
        • Tuwu-Yandong copper ore belt
Yang et al. (2005)
    • Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture
      • Altay Prefecture (Aletai Prefecture)
        • Fuyun Co. (Koktokay Co.)
Yuan Feng et al. (2002)
Yushe Zhao and Bin Zhang (2014)
          • Zhaheba
Tang (2005)
        • Habahe Co. (Kaba Co.; Qaba Co.)
Denghong Wang (1996)
        • Jeminay County
          • Eastern Sawur Caldera Complex
Yang et al. (2009)
      • Chabucha'er Xibo Co. (Qapqal Xibe Co.; Chapchal Shibe Co.)
Min et al. (2005)
Guo Wang et al. (2000) +1 other reference
Min et al. (2005)
      • Tacheng Prefecture (Tarbaghatay Prefecture)
        • Hebukesai'er Co. (Hoboksar Co.; Kobuksar Co.; Qobuqsar Co.)
Tang (2005)
        • Hefeng Co.
Wu Zhansheng et al. (2006)
        • Junggar Basin
Ji et al. (2024)
      • Yining Co.
        • Jinshan Au deposit
Long Xiao et al. (2002) +1 other reference
      • Zhaosu Co.
    • Kezilesu Autonomous Prefecture (Kizilsu Autonomous Prefecture; Qizilsu Autonomous Prefecture)
      • Wuqia Co. (Ulugqat Co.; Ulughchat Co.)
    • Turpan
      • Shanshan Co.
Zhang et al. (2004)
      • Toksun Co.
Tang (2005)
IAEA Technical Document 1396 (2004)
  • Yunnan
    • Dehong
      • Lianghe County
Zhu et al. (2022)
      • Mangshi (Mang City)
Zhusen Yang et al. (2000)
    • Dêqên Autonomous Prefecture
      • Dêqên County (Deqin Co.; Diqing Co.)
Zengqian et al. (2003)
      • Shangri-La County
Cao et al. (2019)
    • Honghe
      • Gejiu City
Baiyou Chen et al. (2002)
    • Kunming
      • Anning City
Ruijun Chen et al. (1993)
      • Dongchuan District
Huaning Qiu et al. (2000)
      • Jinning County
Dengfang Wang and Canfa Da (1995)
    • Lincang
      • Yun County
Zheng et al. (2024)
    • Pu'er
      • Jinggu County
Zheng et al. (2024)
      • Mojiang County
Yonghong Jiang and Shengrong Li (2004)
      • Simao District
Mao et al. (2024)
    • Qujing
      • Huize County
Dongmei Tang et al. (2006)
    • Wenshan
      • Funing County
Peters et al. (2007)
      • Yanshan County
Hanhe Liu (2007)
    • Yuxi
Jiang et al. (2026)
  • Zhejiang
    • Hangzhou
      • Jiande City
Huijin Lu and Jian Wang (2005)
      • Yuhang District
Huijin Lu and Jian Wang (2005)
    • Lishui
      • Jinyun County
Shugen Zhang et al. (2006)
    • Quzhou
      • Kaihua Co.
Huijin Lu and Jian Wang (2005)
      • Kecheng District
        • Dazhou Uranium ore field (Uranium ore field No. 66)
Jishun Liu (1991)
    • Taizhou
      • Linhai Co.
Yaofu Zhang et al. (1991)
Costa Rica
 
  • Alajuela Province
    • Sarchí Canton
Rodríguez et al. (2017)
  • San José Province
    • Dota Canton
      • Copey District
Obando-Acuña et al. (2019)
Czech Republic
 
  • Central Bohemian Region
    • Kutná Hora District
      • Žleby
Litochleb +4 other references
    • Příbram District
      • Příbram
        • Březové Hory
          • Březové Hory deposit
            • Anna Mine
Dolníček et al. (2024)
  • Hradec Králové Region
    • Jičín District
      • Železnice
        • Doubravice
Pauliš +3 other references
    • Rychnov nad Kněžnou District
      • Proruby
Šmůla
    • Trutnov District
      • Radvanice
Jirásek (2001)
  • Karlovy Vary Region
Jan Hloušek
  • Liberec Region
Scharm +7 other references
    • Semily District
      • Harrachov
Fengl +3 other references
      • Košťálov
Pauliš et al. (2010)
      • Radostná pod Kozákovem
Pauliš
  • Moravian-Silesian Region
    • Bruntál District
      • Krnov
        • Biskupice
Kašing et al. (2025)
  • Olomouc Region
    • Jeseník District
      • Javorník
        • Zálesí
Sejkora et al. (2007)
Kuttna +1 other reference
  • Pardubice Region
    • Chrudim District
Fengl (2.)
    • Svitavy District
      • Svojanov (Swojanow)
Rychlý et al. (1996)
  • Plzeň Region
    • Rokycany District
      • Těškov
Janouš (1995) +4 other references
  • South Bohemian Region
    • České Budějovice District
      • Borovany
Primas
    • Český Krumlov District
      • Nová Ves
Welser
  • South Moravian Region
    • Znojmo District
      • Jamolice
Hrazdil (2001)
  • Ústí nad Labem Region
    • Louny District
      • Vroutek
collection of Petr Fuchs
    • Teplice District
      • Krupka
        • Knöttel area
Sejkora (1998)
        • Vrchoslav
E.L. Clopton collection #ELC1482 and ...
      • Moldava
Sejkora (1994)
Petr Fuchs collection
  • Vysočina Region
    • Havlíčkův Brod District
      • Krucemburk
Pauliš
    • Třebíč District
      • Třebíč
        • Řípov
Trnka M (1982)
    • Žďár nad Sázavou District
      • Bory
Staněk (1991) +4 other references
Staněk (1997)
Novák et al. (1999)
Pauliš
Denmark
 
  • Southern Denmark Region
    • Middelfart Municipality
Prior (1973) +1 other reference
DR Congo
 
  • North Kivu
    • Rutshuru Territory
      • Bwito
Ecuador
 
  • Azuay Province
    • Camilo Ponce Enríquez Canton
Singer et al. (2008)
  • Imbabura Province
Singer et al. (2008)
  • Zamora-Chinchipe Province
    • El Pangui Canton
Singer et al. (2008)
    • Zamora Canton
      • Nambija mining district
Singer et al. (2008)
Egypt
 
  • New Valley Governorate
USGS Open-File Report 02–156–A
  • South Sinai Governorate
    • Abu Zeneima (Abu Zenima)
Wenle Zeng and Yuntao Zhang (2009)
El Salvador
 
  • Usulután Department
    • Berlín
Torio-Henríquez (2007)
Ethiopia
 
  • Oromia Region
Baumann et al. (1975)
  • Somali Region
    • Jijiga
Jelenc (1966)
Eurasian Plate
 
  • Mariana Trough
Ki Choi et al. (2024) +1 other reference
  • West Philippine Basin
Wang et al. (2025)
Fiji
 
  • Vanua Levu
    • Macuata
      • Nukundamu
1996 +4 other references
  • Viti Levu
    • Namosi District
Orovan (2016)
      • Waisoi Cu Deposit
Orovan (2016)
Finland
 
  • Kanta-Häme
    • Forssa
Ilkka Mikkola collection
  • Lapland
    • Savukoski
      • Tulppio
        • Sokli carbonatite complex
Sarapää +8 other references
    • Sodankylä
Al-Ani et al. (2018)
  • North Savo
    • Pielavesi
Mäki (1997)
  • Pirkanmaa
    • Orivesi
      • Eräjärvi area
Sandström et al. (2009)
  • South Ostrobothnia
    • Kuortane
Lahti
    • Seinäjoki
Alviola
      • Peräseinäjoki
Haapala (1966)
France
 
  • Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
    • Allier
      • Vichy
Nicolas et al. (1963)
    • Ardèche
      • Privas
        • Alissas
Bull. Soc. Franç. Minéralo. ...
    • Haute-Loire
      • Brioude
        • Collat
        • Desges
P.G. Pelisson : "Etude Mineralogique et ...
        • Josat
        • Mazerat-Aurouze
          • Aurouze
Pélisson (1989)
        • Sainte-Marguerite
Pélisson (1989)
        • Vieille-Brioude
Pélisson (1989)
      • Le Puy-en-Velay
        • Bellevue-la-Montagne
Pélisson (1989)
    • Loire
      • Montbrison
        • Châtelneuf
    • Rhône
      • Villefranche-sur-Saône
        • Chessy
De Ascençao Guedes (2003)
  • Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
    • Nièvre
      • Nevers
        • Fleury-sur-Loire
OLLIC Pascal Collection
  • Brittany
    • Finistère
      • Quimper
        • Plovan
Chauris (2014)
    • Morbihan
      • Lorient
        • Bubry
R. Pierrot
      • Pontivy
        • Berné
R. Pierrot
        • Guern
R. Pierrot
  • Corsica
    • Haute-Corse
      • Bastia
Velde (1968)
  • French Polynesia
    • Tuamotu-Gambier (Tuamotu and Gambier Islands)
      • Tuamotu Archipelago (Tuamotus)
        • Mururoa
Dudoignon et al. (1989)
Dudoignon et al. (1989)
  • Grand Est
    • Vosges
      • Épinal
        • Le Val-d'Ajol
          • Faymont
Escande et al. (1973) +6 other references
Escande et al. (1973) +6 other references
  • Ile-de-France
    • Yvelines
      • Mantes-la-Jolie
        • Maulette
Belot (1978)
  • Nouvelle-Aquitaine
    • Corrèze
      • Ussel
        • Davignac
Deliens et al. (2004)
        • Ussel
    • Creuse
      • Aubusson
        • Soumans
          • Montebras
Patureau et al. (2011)
    • Dordogne
      • Nontron
[var: Delanovite] Dana et al. (1868)
    • Vienne
Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France (1847) +1 other reference
  • Occitanie
    • Aveyron
      • Millau
        • Roquefort-sur-Soulzon
Club Minéralogique de Saint-Juery (2025)
      • Rodez
        • Espalion
Boutry et al. (1986)
    • Pyrénées-Orientales
      • Perpignan
Berbain et al. (2005)
    • Tarn-et-Garonne
      • Montauban
        • Orgueil
Manuel N. Bass (1971)
  • Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
    • Alpes-Maritimes
      • Grasse Arrondissement
"Les minéralisations associées au volcanisme andésitique de Biot-Villeneuve Loubet (Alpes Maritimes)
    • Var
      • Toulon
        • Le Pradet
www.mine-capgaronne.fr (2003) +1 other reference
Georgia
 
  • Guria
[var: Askanite] Ralph E. Grim (2011)
  • Imereti
    • Chiat'ura
Varentsov (1996)
  • Kvemo Kartli
M. et al. (2019)
Germany
 
  • Baden-Württemberg
    • Freiburg Region
      • Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald
        • Münstertal
          • Hof
Weiß (1990)
Weiß (1990)
        • Vogtsburg im Kaiserstuhl
          • Burkheim
Anthony Geneyton Collection
      • Emmendingen
        • Sasbach am Kaiserstuhl
Hentschel (1976)
Volker Betz collection and photos
      • Konstanz
        • Gottmadingen
Knöfel et al. (1964)
      • Ortenaukreis
        • Gengenbach
          • Ohlsbach
            • Hinterohlsbach
        • Oberwolfach
50. (in German) +1 other reference
        • Seelbach
          • Seelbach
            • Weiler
Wittern (2001)
      • Tuttlingen
        • Immendingen
Weiß (1990)
    • Karlsruhe Region
      • Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis
        • Waldbrunn
          • Waldkatzenbach
            • Katzenbuckel
Aufschluss 1977 (6) +1 other reference
    • Stuttgart Region
      • Ostalbkreis
        • Unterschneidheim
          • Zipplingen
Stähle et al. (2008)
  • Bavaria
    • Lower Bavaria
      • Freyung-Grafenau District
        • Röhrnbach
Habel (2009)
      • Passau District
        • Hauzenberg
          • Kropfmühl
Habel (2011)
    • Lower Franconia
      • Aschaffenburg District
        • Sailauf
          • Hartkoppe
      • Haßberge District
        • Maroldsweisach
Wittern (2001)
    • Upper Franconia
      • Hof District
        • Feilitzsch
        • Rehau
          • Wurlitz
Müller (1984)
        • Sparneck
          • Reinersreuth
Wittern (2001)
        • Zell im Fichtelgebirge
          • Haidberg hill
Müller (1984)
      • Wunsiedel im Fichtelgebirge
        • Nagel
Weiß (1990)
        • Tröstauer Forst-West
Lapis (7/8)
        • Weißenstadt
          • Rudolfstein
Weiß (1990)
Hanneberg et al. (2009) +1 other reference
    • Upper Palatinate
      • Neustadt an der Waldnaab District
        • Windischeschenbach
          • Oberbaumühle
Weiß (1990)
      • Tirschenreuth District
        • Kemnath
          • Weha
Keck (2010)
        • Kulmain
Weiß (1990)
        • Pechbrunn
Weiß (1990)
        • Wiesau
          • Triebendorf
Weiß (1990)
  • Hesse
    • Darmstadt
      • Darmstadt-Dieburg
        • Messel
Aufschluss 1980 (6)
        • Roßdorf
Weiß (1990)
      • Darmstadt
        • Darmstadt-Ost
Aufschluss 1980 (6)
      • Main-Kinzig-Kreis
        • Wächtersbach
Betz (2019)
      • Wetteraukreis
        • Altenstadt
          • Heegheim
Zeolite collection of Volker Betz
        • Gedern
        • Nidda
Ehrenberg et al. (1982)
          • Michelnau
Weiß (1990)
          • Ober-Widdersheim
    • Giessen Region
      • Giessen
        • Buseck
          • Großen-Buseck
Weiß (1990)
        • Fernwald
          • Steinbach
Weiß (1990)
        • Hungen
          • Langd
        • Laubach
          • Gonterskirchen
Ko Jansen +1 other reference
        • Rabenau
          • Londorf
Weiß (1990)
      • Limburg-Weilburg
        • Hünfelden
          • Mensfelden
Weiß (1990)
        • Weinbach
Blaß et al. (2010)
      • Vogelsbergkreis
        • Herbstein
        • Homberg
          • Nieder-Ofleiden
Neschen (n.d.)
        • Schotten
Zeolite collection of Volker Betz
    • Kassel Region
      • Fulda
        • Hilders
          • Rupsroth
Weiß (1990)
      • Kassel District
        • Ahnatal
          • Weimar
Weiß (1990)
        • Hofgeismar
Weiß (1990)
      • Schwalm-Eder
        • Felsberg
          • Rhünda
Collection of Walter Göttler
      • Werra-Meißner
        • Witzenhausen
          • Hundelshausen
Dreizler (1962)
  • Lower Saxony
    • County of Bentheim District
      • Nordhorn
        • Frenswegen
Füchtbauer et al. (1956)
    • Goslar District
      • Bad Harzburg
        • Radau valley
      • Braunlage
    • Göttingen District
      • Adelebsen
Weiß (1990)
    • Hildesheim District
      • Sarstedt
Burns (2007)
G.R. Osinski et al.
  • North Rhine-Westphalia
    • Arnsberg
      • Hochsauerlandkreis
        • Marsberg
Schnorrer-Köhler (1991)
    • Cologne
      • Rhein-Sieg-Kreis
        • Königswinter
Frechen (1976)
    • Düsseldorf
      • Essen
        • Stoppenberg
Rykart et al. (1978) +1 other reference
  • Rhineland-Palatinate
    • Ahrweiler
      • Adenau
        • Adenau
          • Breidscheid
Hentschel (1987)
        • Hoffeld
Hentschel (1987)
        • Quiddelbach
Hentschel (1987)
      • Brohltal
        • Brenk
Hentschel (1987)
        • Spessart
          • Hannebach
collection of Ch.&H. Schäfer
      • Remagen
        • Unkelbach
Hentschel (1987)
    • Donnersbergkreis
      • Kirchheimbolanden
        • Dannenfels
50. +1 other reference
    • Mayen-Koblenz
      • Mendig
        • Mendig
Hentschel (1983)
Hentschel (1987)
Hentschel (1987)
          • Wingertsberg
Hentschel (1990)
      • Pellenz
        • Kruft
Hentschel (1990)
        • Nickenich
Blaß et al. (1996)
      • Vordereifel
        • Bermel
Hentschel (1987)
        • Ettringen
Hentschel (1978)
    • Neuwied
      • Linz am Rhein
        • Linz am Rhein
in the collection of Hermann Fuchs
    • Rhein-Lahn-Kreis
      • Loreley
        • Sankt Goarshausen
          • Wellmich
Weiß (1990)
    • Vulkaneifel
      • Daun
        • Dreis-Brück
Hentschel (1983)
        • Üdersdorf
Schüller et al. (1986)
Hentschel (1987)
      • Gerolstein
        • Hillesheim
Hentschel (1993)
        • Oberbettingen
Hentschel (1987)
        • Rockeskyll
          • Rockeskyll volcanic complex
Hentschel (1983)
Hentschel (1983)
        • Walsdorf
          • Zilsdorf
Hentschel (1978)
      • Kelberg
        • Bereborn
Hentschel (1987)
        • Höchstberg
Hentschel (1987)
        • Reimerath
Weiß (1990)
    • Westerwaldkreis
      • Wallmerod
        • Hundsangen
Petit et al. (2002)
  • Saxony
    • Erzgebirgskreis
      • Ehrenfriedersdorf
Wittern (2001)
      • Raschau-Markersbach
        • Langenberg
Schüller et al. (1950)
Lapis 30 (7/8)
    • Mittelsachsen
Wittern (2001)
        • Himmelfahrt Mine
Field collected by Alfredo Petrov
    • Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge
      • Freital
        • Wurgwitz
www.geologica-saxonica.de (n.d.)
    • Vogtlandkreis
      • Limbach
Tröger (2012)
    • Zwickau District
      • Callenberg
Leonhardt et al. (1991)
  • Schleswig-Holstein
    • Pinneberg
      • Barmstedt
Wittern (2001)
  • Thuringia
Witzke et al. (1998)
    • Schmalkalden-Meiningen District
      • Dolmar-Salzbrücke
        • Kühndorf
Schüller (1953)
Greece
 
  • Central Greece
    • Boeotia
      • Orchomenus
Kalatha et al. (2017)
  • Central Macedonia
    • Chalkidiki
      • Aristotelis
        • Kassandra mining district
Singer et al. (2008)
    • Kilkis
      • Kilkis
Singer et al. (2008)
  • Ionian Islands
    • Corfu
      • Central Corfu and Diapontia Islands
        • Giannades
Rieck (n.d.)
  • Peloponnese
    • Laconia
      • Monemvasia
        • Molaoi
Kevrekidis et al. (2024)
  • South Aegean
    • Milos
      • Kimolos
        • Kimolos Island
Godelitsas et al. (2010)
      • Milos Island
Kilias et al. (2001)
    • Mykonos
Tsirigoti et al. (2025)
Greenland
 
  • Kujalleq
Sørensen (2001) +1 other reference
Hungary
 
  • Baranya County
    • Pécs District
      • Gyód
Kovács et al. (2003)
    • Pécsvárad District
Szakáll et al. (1996)
  • Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County
    • Kazincbarcika District
    • Putnok District
      • Aggtelek
Kovács-Pálffy et al. (2008)
Kovács-Pálffy et al. (2008)
    • Sárospatak District
Szakáll et al. (1996)
    • Szerencs District
      • Mád
Koch (1985)
    • Tokaj District
Szakáll et al. (1996)
      • Tarcal
  • Fejér County
    • Székesfehérvár District
      • Gánt
Szakáll-Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary
  • Heves County
    • Gyöngyös District
      • Abasár
Szakáll & Jánosi. Minerals of Hungary
      • Gyöngyöstarján
www.geomania.hu (2013)
      • Kisnána
Szakáll et al. (2010)
Szakáll (2002)
    • Pétervására District
      • Recsk
Földessy et al. (2008)
  • Komárom-Esztergom County
    • Süttő
Koch (1985)
  • Nógrád County
    • Bercel
Sándor et al. (2005)
Geoda - Journal of the Hungarian ...
    • Mátrakeresztes
  • Pest County
    • Budakeszi District
Leél-Őssy et al. (2011)
    • Szentendre District
      • Szentendre
    • Szob District
      • Márianosztra
Szakáll & Jánosi. Minerals of Hungary
      • Nagybörzsöny
Szakáll et al. (1996)
  • Veszprém County
    • Ajka District
      • Úrkút
        • Csárda Hill
Szakáll & Jánosi (1996)
    • Pápa District
Sándor et al. (2005)
    • Sümeg District
      • Bazsi
        • Prága Hill
Szakáll et al. (1996) +1 other reference
Iceland
 
  • Capital Region
    • Hafnarfjörður
      • Krysuvik-Seltun geothermal area
Markússon et al. (2011)
  • Northeastern Region
    • Þingeyjarsveit
      • Skútustaðahreppur
        • Myvatn
Carson III (2015)
India
 
  • Karnataka
Nayak et al. (2024)
www.mpgovt.nic.in/mineralresources/
    • Betul Belt
Shukla et al. (2021)
    • Jhabua District
Banerjee
Banerjee
    • Narsinghpur District
Raju +1 other reference
  • Maharashtra
    • Nashik Division
      • Jalgaon District
        • Sawade Pr Chandsar
Gotze +7 other references
  • Nagaland
    • Phek District
G. K. Kesar (2011)
  • Odisha
    • Bargarh District
Barber (1981)
    • Jajapur (Jajpur) District
      • Sukinda ultramafic complex
        • Sukinda Valley
Nayak et al. (1998)
Indian Ocean
 
Nayak et al. (2011)
Indonesia
 
  • Aceh Province
    • Pidie Regency
Mulja et al. (2022)
  • Bengkulu Province
    • Rejang Lebong District (Rediang Lebong District)
Al Hakim et al. (2024)
  • Central Java Province
Suhendra et al. (2024)
  • Gorontalo Province
Singer et al. (2008)
  • North Maluku Province
    • South Halmahera Regency
      • Obi Islands
        • Obi Island
Bambang Nugroho et al. (2024)
  • Papua Province
    • Mimika Regency
Singer et al. (2008)
  • Southeast Sulawesi Province
    • North Konawe Regency
Qi et al. (2024)
  • Southwest Papua Province
Taixu Luo (2008)
  • Special Region of Yogyakarta
    • Gunung Kidul Regency
Al Hakim et al. (2017)
  • West Java Province
    • Bogor Regency
Milési et al. (1999)
    • Garut Regency
Imawan et al. (2024)
    • Sukabumi Regency
Yuningsih et al. (2014)
  • West Nusa Tenggara Province
    • Sumbawa Island
      • West Sumbawa Regency
Singer et al. (2008)
  • West Sumatra Province
    • Lima Puluh Kota Regency
Abidin et al. (2014)
Iran
 
  • Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province
    • Kiar County
Ellahi et al. (2016)
  • East Azerbaijan Province
    • Mianeh County
Yousefi et al. (2025)
  • Isfahan Province
    • Irankuh Mining District
Hosseini-Dinani et al. (2016)
  • Kerman Province
    • Sirjan County
      • Pariz
Derakhshani et al. (2009)
Khorasanipour (2015)
  • Lorestan Province
    • Delfan County
Moghadam et al. (2026)
  • Markazi Province
    • Arak County
Ghadimi et al. (2013)
    • Saveh County
Fazli et al. (2022)
    • Zarandieh County
Fazli et al. (2024)
Goudarzi et al. (2024)
  • Qazvin Province
    • Qazvin County
Shahbazi et al. (2019)
  • Sistan and Baluchestan Province
    • Iranshahr County
      • Bazman Volcano
Ali Sholeh et al. (2016)
  • South Khorasan Province
    • Khusf County
Raeisi et al. (2023)
  • West Azerbaijan Province
    • Poldasht County
Fritz Ebner et al. (2018)
    • Takab County
Afzal et al. (2017)
  • Yazd Province
    • Ardakan County
      • Kharanaq District
        • Rabatat Rural District
Sepidbar et al. (2021)
    • Bafq County
Shirkhani et al. (2025)
  • Zanjan Province
    • Mahneshan County
      • Anguran District
        • Sheykhlar
USGS database
    • Zanjan County
Ghasemi Siani et al. (2022)
      • Glojeh polymetallic deposit
Mehrabi et al. (2016)
Ireland
 
  • Connacht
    • Galway County
      • Killimor
de Haller +1 other reference
Israel
 
  • Haifa District
    • Hadera
      • Hof HaCarmel
Weiner et al. (1993)
  • Southern District
    • Beersheba Subdistrict
      • Hevel Eilot Regional Council
        • Timna Valley
Bartura (1974)
Italy
 
  • Abruzzo
    • Pescara Province
      • Pescosansonesco
Barbieri et al. (1984)
Balenzano F. (1981)
    • Matera Province
Balenzano F. (1981)
Balenzano F. (1981)
Balenzano F. (1981)
    • Potenza Province
Balenzano F. (1981)
Balenzano F. (1981)
Balenzano F. (1981)
Balenzano F. (1981)
  • Calabria
    • Cosenza Province
      • Cassano all'Ionio (Cassano allo Ionio)
Catalano et al. (2014) +1 other reference
  • Friuli Venezia Giulia
    • Udine Province
Bortolozzi et al. (2018)
  • Lazio
    • Metropolitan City of Rome Capital
      • Bracciano
        • Castel Giuliano
Di Sabatino et al. (1979)
      • Campagnano di Roma
Stoppani et al. (1982)
      • Cerveteri
        • Sasso di Furbara (Sasso)
Mattias et al. (1979) +1 other reference
  • Liguria
    • Genoa
      • Ne
415. +1 other reference
        • Reppia
Redazione (2005)
      • Sestri Levante
Carbone et al. (2002)
    • La Spezia Province
      • Borghetto di Vara
Palenzona et al. (1988)
    • Savona Province
      • Magliolo
Castellaro-Kampf
  • Lombardy
    • Bergamo Province
      • Dossena
Maida (2002)
    • Sondrio Province
      • Valfurva
        • Zebrù Valley
Bedognè et al. (2006)
  • Piedmont
    • Cuneo Province
      • Garessio
Matteo Azili Collection
      • Montaldo di Mondovì
        • Borgata Oberti
Piccoli et al. (2007) +1 other reference
    • Metropolitan City of Turin
      • Angrogna
Vola (2020)
    • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
      • Baceno
        • Devero Alp
      • Druogno
        • Orcesco
Mattioli V. - La Vigezzite +1 other reference
      • Premosello-Chiovenda
Michele Verdi et al. (2025)
      • Trontano
        • Pizzo Marcio
Mattioli (1979 b) +3 other references
Appiani et al. (1995) +2 other references
  • Sardinia
    • Oristano Province
      • Laconi
Uras (1974) +1 other reference
    • Sassari Province
      • Alghero
        • Calabona area
Singer et al. (2008)
      • Arzachena
        • Mt. Mazzolu
Gamboni et al. (2012)
S. Cuccuru (2011)
      • La Maddalena
        • La Maddalena Island
Billows (1941)
      • Mara
Padalino et al. (2003)
      • Olmedo
MacLean et al. (1997)
      • Osilo
Simeone et al. (1999)
    • South Sardinia Province
      • Domusnovas
Stara et al. (1996)
      • Furtei
Da Pelo et al. (2000)
  • Sicily
    • Metropolitan City of Messina
      • Eolie Islands (Aeolian Islands)
        • Lipari
          • Lipari Island
            • Quattropani
Apollaro et al. (2023)
Savelli et al. (1999)
Cardiano et al. (2008)
  • Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol
    • Trento Province
Bortolozzi (n.d.)
      • Moena
De Michele (1974)
      • Roncegno Terme
Bortolozzi et al. (2013)
      • San Giovanni di Fassa
  • Tuscany
    • Grosseto Province
      • Monterotondo Marittimo
Dr. GIOVANNI MONTINI (GR)
    • Livorno Province
      • Rosignano Marittimo
        • Castiglioncello
Bonifazi (2020)
    • Lucca Province
      • Stazzema
Benvenuti et al. (2000)
    • Pisa Province
      • Pomarance
Bardi et al. (2009)
Cipriani et al. (1977)
  • Tyrrhenian Sea
    • Southern Tyrrhenian Sea
      • Aeolian Arc seamounts
Eckhardt et al. (1997)
Eckhardt et al. (1997)
  • Veneto
    • Verona Province
      • Soave
Pasquale Antonazzo collection - 2008
    • Vicenza Province
      • Cornedo Vicentino
        • Spagnago
50 +1 other reference
      • Posina
Andreatta (1950)
      • Torrebelvicino
        • Mercanti Valley
Boscardin
De Michele (1974)
      • Valdagno
        • Cerealto
          • Monte Furlan
Boscardin et al. (1998)
Japan
 
  • Akita Prefecture
    • Kosaka
      • Kosaka mine
Almeda (1985)
    • Odate
Shikazono et al. (1998)
      • Hanaoka mine
Kagaya (1962)
        • Kanondo deposit
Akira Kato (2011)
Hideo Kuroda (1978)
- (n.d.)
    • Yurihonjō City
      • Chokai
Kim (1994)
  • Aomori Prefecture
    • Kamikita District
INOUE et al. (1991)
  • Fukuoka Prefecture
    • Fukuoka City
 ...
  • Fukushima Prefecture
    • Minamisōma City
Atsushi ISHIHARA
Chunxie Pu (1978)
  • Gifu Prefecture
    • Kani City
Alfredo Petrov collection
    • Mizunami City
      • Tsukiyoshi uranium ore deposits
Itwatsuki T. and H. Yoshida (1999)
    • Seki City
      • Horado mine
Yamada (2004)
  • Gunma Prefecture
    • Annaka City
- (n.d.)
  • Hiroshima Prefecture
Sakae et al. (1975) +1 other reference
  • Hokkaidō Prefecture
    • Okhotsk Subprefecture
      • Tokoro District
        • Oketo town
Watanabe J and Hasegawa K (1986)
    • Shiribeshi Subprefecture
Nakamoto et al. (1969)
  • Hyogo Prefecture
Myint (1996)
  • Ishikawa Prefecture
    • Komatsu City
Ohe Rikosha specimens
  • Iwate Prefecture
    • Hachimantai City
Iichiro Takahashi (1957)
    • Hachimantai geothermal area
Kimbara et al. (1982)
    • Kunohe-gun
      • Noda
- (n.d.)
    • Waga District
Arribas et al. (2018)
  • Kagoshima Prefecture
SHIKAZONO et al. (1990)
Fulin Zhang et al. (1986) +1 other reference
Ibaraki et al. (1991)
    • Ichikikushikino City
Matsuhisa et al. (1985)
TAKEUCHI et al. (1984)
    • Satsumasendai City
      • Iriki
- (n.d.)
  • Miyagi Prefecture
    • Kurihara City
Narita (1961) +2 other references
Arribas et al. (2018)
    • Onikobe-Hosokura mining district
Narita (1963)
Narita (1963)
- (n.d.) +1 other reference
  • Nagano Prefecture
Fujii et al. (1971)
    • Shimotakai District
Fujii et al. (1971)
  • Nara Prefecture
    • Uda City
Nokleberg et al. (2010)
  • Niigata Prefecture
    • Itoigawa City
      • Ōmi
        • Hashidate
Yamada (2004)
Display captions at local museum.
    • Minamiuonuma City
- (n.d.)
  • Oita Prefecture
    • Hita City
geopubs.wr.usgs.gov (2004) +1 other reference
  • Okayama Prefecture
    • Takahashi City
      • Bitchū
        • Shitouyouze
Matsueda (1980)
  • Okinawa Prefecture
    • Ishigaki City
      • Senkaku Islands (Diaoyudao Islands; Diaoyutai Islands)
        • Okinawa Trough
Suzuki et al. (2008)
Suzuki et al. (2008)
    • Okinawa Trough
Yeats et al. (2017)
  • Saga Prefecture
    • Higashimatsuura district
      • Genkai-cho
        • Hinodematsu
Ishibashi (1974)
  • Shiga Prefecture
    • Otsu City
Nakatsugawa Mineral Museum (Gifu Prefecture, Japan)
  • Shimane Prefecture
    • Izumo City
Sudo et al. (1967)
  • Shizuoka Prefecture
    • Shimoda City
      • Rendaiji
Yamada (2004)
  • Tokyo Metropolis
Marumo et al. (2008)
  • Tottori Prefecture
Amer.Min. (1959)
Jordan
 
  • Amman Governorate
Techer et al. (2006)
Kazakhstan
 
  • Jambyl Region
    • Moiynkum District
Jermolenko (2002)
  • Jetisu Region
    • Tekeli
Saburov (2005)
  • Karaganda Region
    • Shet District
      • Kayrakty (Kairakty)
- (2005)
      • Moyynty
        • Mointy Railway Station
          • Shunak Mountains
Yegorov et al. (1970)
  • North Kazakhstan Region
    • Aiyrtau District
Kurmangazhina et al. (2026)
    • Ualikhanov District
Karshigina et al. (2018)
  • Ulytau Region
    • Satpayev
Motovilov et al. (2026)
Kosovo
 
  • Mitrovica District
    • Leposavić
Palinkaš +6 other references
Kyrgyzstan
 
  • Chuy Region
    • Kemin District
Singer et al. (2008)
  • Issyk-Kul Region
Soloviev (2011)
Madagascar
 
  • Amoron'i Mania
    • Ambositra District
      • Sahatsiho Ambohimanjaka
Federico Pezzotta XRD analysis
  • Atsimo-Andrefana
Di Cecco (2013)
  • Vakinankaratra
    • Antsirabe II District
      • Ibity
        • Sahatany Valley
Behier (1963)
    • Betafo District
      • Anosiarivo Manapa
        • Antsentsindrano
Knut Edvard Larsen collection # M-538 (Similar specimen analyzed by XRD, pers. com. F.Pezzotta 21.04.2000)
Malaysia
 
  • Sarawak
    • Samarahan Division
      • Simunjan District
Caisheng Zhao et al. (2004)
Marshall Islands
 
Rex (1967)
Mexico
 
  • Baja California Sur
    • Mulegé Municipality
      • Santa Rosalía
Moore (1998)
  • Chihuahua
    • Aldama Municipality
      • Peña Blanca District
Hernández-Herrera et al. (2025)
Faudoa-Gómez et al. (2024)
Econ Geol (1991) +1 other reference
Econ Geol (1991)
    • Aquiles Serdán Municipality
      • Santa Eulalia Mining District
        • East Camp
Megaw (1990)
    • Chínipas Municipality
      • Palmarejo
Sotelo (2016)
    • Jiménez Municipality
- (SGM, 2019)
    • Pueblito de Allende
Brearley et al. (1998)
    • Saucillo Municipality
      • Naica
Querol +1 other reference
  • Durango
    • Coneto de Comonfort Municipality
      • Coneto de Comonfort
  • Guanajuato
    • Santa Catarina Municipality
      • Santa Catarina
        • Cerro de las Fajas
Am Min (1955)
  • Guerrero
    • Taxco de Alarcón
Yta et al. (2005)
  • Hidalgo
    • Molango Municipality
Minera Autlan
    • Zimapán Municipality
      • Zimapán
Morgan (2017)
  • Michoacan
    • Mugica Municipality
      • Nueva Italia de Ruiz
Singer et al. (2008)
  • Puebla
Li et al. (2022)
  • San Luis Potosí
    • Zaragoza Municipality
Ruiz et al. (1980)
  • Sonora
    • Álamos Municipality
      • Piedras Verdes
Espinosa Perea (1999)
    • Bacoachi Municipality
      • Bacoachi
Garcia y Barragan (1975)
    • Cumpas Municipality
      • El Verde Mining District
Singer et al. (2005)
  • Zacatecas
    • Fresnillo Municipality
Dilley (1993)
Middle East
 
Gross (1977)
Moldova
 
  • Administrative-Territorial Units from the Left Bank of the Dniester
Vasile et al. (2007)
Mongolia
 
  • Dornod Province
    • Dashbalbar District
Wu et al. (2024)
  • Ömnögovi Province
    • Khanbogd District
N.V. Vladykin data
Hawthorne et al. (1986)
Davaasuren et al. (2016)
  • Töv Province
    • Mörön Soum
Singer et al. (2008)
Morocco
 
  • Drâa-Tafilalet Region
Weiß (2006)
Mozambique
 
  • Zambezia Province
Wilson et al. (2000)
    • Alto Mólocuè District
Gomes et al. (2022)
    • Gilé District
      • Muiane-Naipa group
Wilson et al. (2000)
Myanmar
 
  • Sagaing Region
    • Yinmabin District
      • Salingyi Township
        • S & K Mine (Monywa Mine)
Wang et al. (2026)
Namibia
 
  • Erongo Region
    • Karibib Constituency
      • Okongava Ost Farm 72
King (n.d.)
  • Khomas Region
    • Windhoek Rural
      • Aris
Warta et al. (2006) +1 other reference
  • Oshikoto Region
    • Tsumeb
Gebhard (1999)
  • Otjozondjupa Region
    • Grootfontein Constituency
      • Abenab
AVZ Minerals
Cairncross (1997)
Nazca Plate
 
Zawadzki et al. (2022) +1 other reference
Netherlands
 
  • North Holland
    • Zaanstad
T.G. Nijland
New Zealand
 
  • Canterbury Region
    • Selwyn District
      • Coalgate
Carlson et al. (1974)
  • New Zealand Outlying Islands
    • Campbell Island group
Mac Beggs (1978)
    • Kermadec Islands
Lloyd et al. (1996)
  • Northland Region
    • Kaipara District
      • Hukatere Peninsula
Jones (1972)
  • Otago Region
    • Kakanui
Dickey (1968)
    • Oamaru
Reay et al. (2002)
  • Southland Region
    • Gore District
      • Waimumu
Mulliner (2006)
    • Invercargill City
Mossman et al. (2000)
Mossman et al. (2000)
    • Southland District
      • Ohai
Sherwood et al. (1992)
  • Waikato Region
    • Hauraki District
      • Waihi
Singh (2015)
      • Waitekauri
Railton et al. (1990)
Rabone et al. (1989)
Rabone
    • Matamata-Piako District
      • Te Aroha
Courtney et al. (1990)
    • Thames-Coromandel District
      • Hikuai
        • Broken Hills
Moore (1979)
Moore (1979)
Nicaragua
 
  • León Department
Hynek et al. (2013)
    • La Paz Centro
Hynek et al. (2013)
    • Telica
Hynek et al. (2013)
Hynek et al. (2013, March) +1 other reference
Niger
 
  • Agadez
    • Azelik deposit
www.cnncintl.com (2015)
North America
 
182-183. +1 other reference
North Korea
 
  • Kangwon Province
    • Chunchon-gun
      • Sanae-myon
        • Sachang-ni
Tsuda (1969)
    • Pyonggang County
Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.) +1 other reference
North Macedonia
 
  • Kavadarci Municipality
    • Bojančište
Temovski (2016)
  • Lipkovo Municipality
Radusinovic (1966)
  • Probistip Municipality
    • Kratovo-Zletovo ore district
Serafimovski et al. (2016)
Radusinovic (1974)
Norway
 
  • Agder
    • Arendal
      • Barbudalen
        • Steinsås
Weibye (1848)
    • Bygland
Breivik (2015)
    • Evje og Hornnes
      • Landsverk
Revheim (2006)
    • Froland
Nilssen et al. (1973) +2 other references
  • Akershus
    • Asker
      • Røyken
Nordrum (1999)
    • Eidsvoll
      • Minnesund
Nordrum et al. (2006)
    • Lunner
Raade et al. (1980) +1 other reference
      • Øståsen
Kvamsdal (1998)
    • Nannestad
      • Hurdalsjøen
Larsen (1978)
  • Buskerud
    • Drammen
      • Austad-Fjell
Nordrum (2007)
Nordli et al. (1997) +1 other reference
      • Konnerud
Ihlen (1986)
Wel (1972)
    • Lier
      • Sylling
Raade et al. (1993)
  • Innlandet
    • Grue
Hjelle et al. (1960) +1 other reference
  • Nordland
    • Fauske
      • Sulitjelma
Nordrum (2004)
    • Narvik
Husdal (2008)
  • Oslo
    • Grorud
Kvamsdal (1990) +1 other reference
    • Oslomarka
Kvamsdal (2018)
  • Østfold
    • Sarpsborg
      • Tune
Kristiansen (2022)
  • Telemark
    • Bamble
      • Kjørstad
Larsen (2025)
    • Kragerø
      • Valberg
Nordrum (2000)
    • Porsgrunn
      • Auenlandet
        • Sagåsen
Larsen et al. (2005)
Engvoldsen et al. (1991)
      • Bjørkøya
Berge (n.d.)
      • Eidanger
        • Bergsbygda
Brøgger (1890)
      • Håøya
Berge (n.d.)
Berge (n.d.)
      • Langangen
Larsen et al. (1976)
      • Løvøya
Brøgger (1890)
Åsheim et al. (2008)
      • Risøya
Berge (n.d.)
      • Siktesøya
Engvoldsen et al. (1991)
    • Skien
      • Flakvarp
        • Torsberg
Larsen (1993)
  • Troms og Finnmark
    • Alta
      • Stjernøya Island
        • Lillebukt Alkaline Complex
Salter et al. (1974)
  • Trøndelag
    • Oppdal
Witsø (1994)
  • Vestfold
    • Færder
      • Færder Islands
Andersen (2017)
    • Holmestrand
      • Hof
Larsen (2004)
      • Kjeksrød
Nordrum et al. (1997) +1 other reference
Nordrum et al. (2006)
    • Larvik Commune
      • Arøyskjærene (Arøy skerries)
Berge (n.d.)
      • Barkevik area
        • Kjeøya
Berge (n.d.)
      • Brunlanes
Berge (n.d.)
Berge (n.d.)
      • Hedrum
Berge (n.d.)
Berge (1993)
        • Lågendalen
Larsen et al. (1992)
Berge (n.d.)
Berge (n.d.)
Andersen (1993)
Berge (n.d.)
        • Lysebo
Berge (n.d.)
Berge (n.d.)
Berge (n.d.)
      • Malerød
Berge (1993)
      • Stavern (Fredriksvärn)
        • Fuglevika
Berge (n.d.) +1 other reference
Berge (n.d.)
      • Store Arøya (Arøy)
Berge (n.d.)
      • Tjølling
        • Klåstad
Berge (n.d.) +1 other reference
      • Tvedalen
Larsen (2015)
Nordrum (2007)
        • Tuften
Larsen et al. (2010)
Berge (n.d.)
Berge (n.d.)
    • Sandefjord
      • Østerøya
Berge (n.d.)
        • Søndre Sunde
Berge (n.d.)
        • Yxney
Berge (n.d.)
Berge (n.d.)
      • Vesterøya
Berge et al. (2011)
        • Framnes
Berge (n.d.)
Berge (2013)
Larsen et al. (2010)
Åsheim et al. (2008)
Raade et al. (1980)
    • Tønsberg
Larsen et al. (2007)
      • Ramnes
Andersen et al. (1994)
  • Vestland
    • Fitjar
      • Fitjarfjellet
Breivik (2018)
    • Luster
      • Berdalen
        • Hurrungane
Berget (2006)
      • Fortun
        • Fortun Hydropower plant
Rosenqvist (1957)
Oman
 
  • Ash Sharqiyah North Governorate
Rajendran et al. (2014)
  • Muscat Governorate
    • Sib
Pacific Ocean
 
  • Hongyan Seamounts
Sun et al. (2026)
Escoube et al. (2015)
  • Magellan Seamounts
Peretyazhko et al. (2024)
Peretyazhko et al. (2025)
Peretyazhko et al. (2025)
  • Marcus-Wake ridge
Fengyou Chu et al. (2006)
Pakistan
 
  • Balochistan
    • Chagai District
Singer et al. (2008)
      • Saindak
Singer et al. (2008)
  • Gilgit-Baltistan
    • Roundu District
      • Haramosh Mountains
Laurs et al. (1998) +1 other reference
imported from Rondu District +1 other reference
Panama
 
  • Veraguas Province
Byington +1 other reference
Papua New Guinea
 
  • Madang Province
Singer et al. (2008)
  • Morobe Province
Rinne et al. (2018)
Rinne et al. (2018)
Rinne et al. (2018)
  • New Ireland Province
    • Lihir Island area
Petersen et al. (2002)
  • Sandaun Province
    • Frieda river complex
Singer et al. (2005)
  • West New Britain Province
Singer et al. (2008)
Peru
 
  • Ancash
    • Bolognesi Province
      • Huallanca District
        • Huanzala
Imai et al. (1985) +1 other reference
    • Huaraz Province
      • Jangas District
Rainbow et al. (2005)
  • Arequipa
    • Arequipa Province
      • Yarabamba District
Bin Wu et al. (2013)
    • Castilla Province
      • Orcopampa District
Gibson (1992)
  • Huancavelica
    • Castrovirreyna Province
      • Castrovirreyna District
Lewis (1964)
    • Huancavelica Province
      • Huachocolpa District
        • Huachocolpa mining district
Pérez-Puig Obieta et al. (2013)
  • Puno
    • Carabaya Province
O'Connor et al. (2018)
Philippines
 
  • Luzon
    • Bicol Region
      • Camarines Norte Province
        • Jose Panganiban
Jianmin Chen (2011)
    • Cagayan Valley Region
      • Nueva Vizcaya Province
        • Kayapa
Singer et al. (2008)
    • Central Luzon Region
      • Zambales Province
        • San Marcelino
Singer et al. (2008)
    • Cordillera Administrative Region
      • Benguet Province
        • Mankayan
Singer et al. (2008)
Singer et al. (2008)
    • Southern Tagalog Region
      • Batangas Province
Singer et al. (2008)
  • Mindanao
    • Caraga Region
      • Surigao del Norte Province
Ignacio (2006)
  • Visayas
    • Central Visayas Region
      • Cebu Province
        • Cebu Island
          • Toledo
Singer et al. (2008)
Poland
 
  • Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Krzysztof Andrzejewski Collection
      • Gmina Męcinka
        • Kondratów
Krzysztof Andrzejewski Collection
        • Męcinka
Krzysztof Andrzejewski Collection
        • Piotrowice
Krzysztof Andrzejewski
    • Karkonosze County
      • Gmina Stara Kamienica
        • Kopaniec
Mochnacka K. 1975: Mineralizacja skał ...
Lis et al. (1986)
    • Legnica County
      • Gmina Krotoszyce
Pendias H. (1961)
      • Gmina Legnickie Pole
        • Lubień
Krzysztof Andrzejewski
        • Mikołajowice
Krzysztof Andrzejewski
      • Gmina Ruja
Krzysztof Andrzejewski
    • Lubań County
      • Gmina Leśna
Lis et al. (1986)
      • Gmina Lubań
        • Jałowiec
Krzysztof Andrzejewski
Lis et al. (1986)
Lis et al. (1986)
Lis et al. (1986)
    • Lwówek Śląski County
      • Gmina Lwówek Śląski
        • Żerkowice
Trippke P. (1878 a)
      • Gmina Wleń
        • Pilchowice
Krzysztof Andrzejewski
    • Świdnica County
      • Gmina Marcinowice
        • Wirki
Sułkowski J. (1967)
      • Gmina Strzegom
        • Strzegom
Janeczek J. et al. (1991)
        • Żółkiewka
Szełęg et al. (2010)
    • Ząbkowice Śląskie County
      • Gmina Ciepłowody
Lis et al. (1986)
Lis et al. (1986)
    • Zgorzelec County
      • Gmina Zgorzelec
        • Gronów
Collected by Krzysztof Andrzejewski
    • Złotoryja County
      • Gmina Złotoryja
        • Wilków
Krzysztof Andrzejewski Collection
  • Lublin Voivodeship
    • Chełm County
      • Gmina Siedliszcze
        • Lechówka quarry
Szopa et al. (2015)
  • Opole Voivodeship
    • Opole County
      • Gmina Niemodlin
        • Molestowice
          • Gracze basanite quarry
Szeliga (2003)
  • Silesian Voivodeship
    • Zawiercie County
      • Gmina Włodowice
        • Rudniki
Krzysztof Andrzejewski
  • Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
    • Kielce County
Górniak et al. (2021)
Portugal
 
  • Aveiro
    • Albergaria-a-Velha
      • Branca
Marques de Sá et al. (2010)
  • Azores
    • Terceira
      • Praia da Vitória
        • Agualva
Flahaut et al. (2018, September)
  • Beja
    • Beja
      • Santa Vitória e Mombeja
Oliveira et al. (2025)
    • Castro Verde
      • Castro Verde e Casével
Oliveira et al. (2025)
    • Moura
      • Sobral da Adiça
Silva et al. (2026)
Rui Nunes 23rd January 2009
  • Lisbon
Rui Nunes 2012
  • Viseu
    • Mangualde
      • Mangualde (Mesquitela e Cunha Alta)
        • Cubos-Mesquitela-Mangualde area
Mineralien Atlas
    • Sátão
      • Ferreira de Aves
        • Aldeia Nova
International Geological Congress (2008)
Romania
 
  • Alba County
    • Almașu Mare
Popa T. (2004)
  • Arad County
    • Chisindia
Singer et al. (2008)
  • Buzău County
Slavoaca
  • Caraş-Severin County
    • Moldova Nouă
Singer et al. (2008)
  • Harghita County
    • Sântimbru
Ed.:Szakáll S.-Kristály ...
  • Maramureș County
    • Băiuț
A. Januszewska PXRD data / Januszewska et al. (in preparation)
    • Târgu Lăpuș
minerals-of-the-carpathians.eu (2008)
  • Sălaj County
    • Ileanda
      • Răstoci
Onac et al. (2003)
Russia
 
  • Altai Krai
    • Rubtsovsky District
Pekov et al. (2011)
  • Buryatia
    • Mama River Basin
      • Maigunda River
Bailey (1980)
  • Chelyabinsk Oblast
    • Agapovsky District
Talovina et al. (2008)
    • Magnitogorsk
      • Sakhara District (Sakharinskii)
Mikhailov (2000)
    • Plastovsky District
Mashkovtsev et al. (2010)
  • Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
    • Chaunskii District (Chaun)
      • Ilirney ore district
Nikolaev et al. (2013)
Kalko et al. (2014)
Volkov et al. (2011)
    • Chukchi Peninsula (Chukotka Peninsula; Chukotski Peninsula)
Alekseev (2025)
  • Kabardino-Balkaria
    • Elbrussky District
Gurbanov et al. (2008)
  • Kamchatka Krai
    • Koryak Okrug
      • Karaginsky District
Anastasiya SERGEEVA (2023)
Bortnikov et al. (2023)
    • Ust-Bolsheretsky District
Pavel.M. Kartashov data.
Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data (1984)
    • Yelizovsky District
      • Kronotsky Reserve
Active Volcanoes of Kamchatka
Okrugin (2004)
Takahashi et al. (2002) +1 other reference
  • Kemerovo Oblast
Wanlie Ding (2005)
[var: Askanite] Kuleshov et al. (2002)
  • Khabarovsk Krai
    • Nikolayevsky District
Khomich et al. (2018)
  • Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug
    • Berezovo district
      • Saranpaul
Burlakov (1995)
Burlakov (1999)
  • Krasnoyarsk Krai
    • Enisei Range (Yenisei Ridge; Enisei Ridge)
Boeva et al. (2023)
    • Yeniseisk District
Dai et al. (2022)
  • Magadan Oblast
    • Omchak gold field
Goryachev et al. (2008)
    • Omsukchansky District
Filimonova et al. (2008)
    • Srednekansky District
Savva et al. (2011)
    • Tenkinsky District
      • Ust-Omchug
Зубрев И.Н
Пекин (2010) +1 other reference
Пекин (2010) +1 other reference
  • Moscow Oblast
    • Ruzsky District
Ivan Novikov analytical data
  • Murmansk Oblast
PEKOV et al. (2013)
Pekov et al. (2004)
...
    • Lovozersky District
      • Karnasurt Mountain
Pekov et al. (2007)
  • Nenets Autonomous Okrug
    • Yugorskii Peninsula
      • Pai-Khoi Range (Paikhoi; Pay Khoy)
Brusnitsyn et al. (2019)
  • Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
    • Nizhny Novgorod (Gorky; Gor'kii)
Popov et al. (2014)
  • Novgorod Oblast
    • Borovichsky District
      • Borovichi
 ...
  • Orenburg Oblast
    • Orsk
      • Khalilovskii Mining District
        • Khabarninskii massif
Sharkov (2009)
    • Svetlinsky District
      • Buruktal Mining District
Mikhailov (2000)
Talovina et al. (2003)
  • Primorsky Krai
    • Dalnegorsk Urban District
Grant et al. (2001)
    • Krasnoarmeysky District
      • Arminsky ore district
Khetchikov +3 other references
    • Nizhne-taezhnyi ore cluster
Ivin et al. (2021)
[World of Stones 12:49]
    • Polar Yakutia
Econ Geol (1995)
Okrugin et al. (2021)
  • Sakhalin Oblast
    • Sakhalin Island
      • Makarovsky District
Sokol et al. (2021)
  • Sverdlovsk Oblast
    • Prigorodny District
      • Yuzhakovo
        • Alabashka pegmatite field
webcenter.ru (2002)
    • Rezhevsky District
      • Lipovsk pegmatite field
Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.) +1 other reference
    • Serovsky District
Belogub et al. (2026)
      • Serov
        • Kola massif
Mikhailov (2000)
      • Turya river
        • Tur'insk
Kasatkin et al. (2021)
  • Tula Oblast
Pavel M. Kartashov's analytical data
  • Ural Mountains
Hyršl (1992)
  • Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
Zueva et al. (2023)
    • Priuralsky District
Soloviev et al. (2013)
  • Zabaykalsky Krai
    • Nerchinsky District
      • Adun-Cholon Range
Kasatkin et al. (2014)
Saint Lucia
 
  • Soufrière
A Mars Analogue Site. Masters Thesis +1 other reference
Saudi Arabia
 
  • Tabuk Region
Bello et al. (2026)
Senegal
 
  • Saint-Louis Region
    • Senegal River
      • Matam (Ouali-Diala)
www.uoguelph.ca (2003)
Serbia
 
  • Central Serbia
    • Bor District
      • Bor
RTB Bor
RTB Bor
    • Braničevo District
      • Žagubica
Zivanovic (2019)
    • Nišava District
      • Ražanj
Milošević et al. (2024)
    • Pčinja District
      • Bujanovac
Ministry of Mining and Energy (2002) +1 other reference
    • Raška District
      • Raška
        • Jarandol Basin
          • Baljevac na Ibru
Malinko et al. (2004)
Slovakia
 
  • Banská Bystrica Region
    • Banská Bystrica District
      • Badín
Koděra et al. (1986)
      • Hrochoť
Koděra et al. (1986)
      • Malachov
Koděra et al. (1986)
    • Banská Štiavnica District
      • Beluj
Kozák J. et al. (2017)
    • Brezno District
Koděra et al. (1986)
    • Krupina District
Koděra et al. (1986)
    • Revúca District
      • Gemerská Ves
Koděra et al. (1986)
    • Žarnovica District
      • Hodruša-Hámre
Koděra et al. (1986)
      • Nová Baňa
Koděra et al. (1986)
    • Žiar nad Hronom District
Koděra et al. (1986)
      • Kremnica
Ďuďa (1993)
Koděra et al. (1986)
Koděra et al. (1986)
      • Slaská
Koděra et al. (1986)
      • Stará Kremnička
Kraus I. et al. (1989)
Pauliš
  • Bratislava Region
    • Bratislava
Koděra et al. (1986)
    • Pezinok District
      • Modra
Koděra et al. (1986)
Koděra et al. (1986)
  • Košice Region
    • Košice-okolie District
      • Družstevná pri Hornáde
Koděra et al. (1986)
Pauliš et al. (2002)
Koděra et al. (1986)
      • Košický Klečenov
Pauliš et al. (2002)
      • Slanec
Pauliš et al. (2002)
Koděra et al. (1986)
    • Michalovce District
      • Jovsa
Rusinová P. & Bačík P. (2013)
      • Poruba pod Vihorlatom
Koděra et al. (1986)
Bačo et al. (1987)
    • Sobrance District
Bacsó
    • Trebišov District
Pauliš et al. (2002)
      • Kuzmice
Koděra et al. (1986)
Koděra et al. (1986)
  • Nitra Region
    • Levice District
Koděra et al. (1986)
Koděra et al. (1986)
  • Prešov Region
    • Prešov District
      • Červenica
        • Dubník
Koděra et al. (1986)
      • Fintice
Ďuďa
      • Gregorovce
Duda eut al.
      • Prešov
        • Solivar
Koděra et al. (1986)
      • Vyšná Šebastová
Ďuďa
      • Zlatá Baňa
Duda et. all.
    • Snina District
      • Zemplínske Hámre
Bačo et al. (1987)
    • Vranov nad Topľou District
      • Banské
Duda et all.
Koděra et al. (1986)
      • Juskova Voľa
Koděra et al. (1986)
      • Komárany
Ďuďa
      • Nová Kelča
Koděra et al. (1986)
      • Vechec
Ďuďa
Duda et all.
  • Trenčín Region
    • Prievidza District
Koděra et al. (1986)
  • Žilina Region
    • Liptovský Mikuláš District
      • Dúbrava
Pauliš
Slovenia
 
  • Podvelka
Žorž et al. (2002)
South Africa
 
  • Eastern Cape
    • Chris Hani District Municipality
      • Enoch Mgijima Local Municipality
Coetzee (1976)
    • Joe Gqabi District Municipality
      • Walter Sisulu Local Municipality
Coetzee (1976)
  • Gauteng
    • City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality
Glass (2006)
  • KwaZulu-Natal
    • eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality
      • Durban
        • Bellair
Pers. comm. of company geologist to ...
        • Umhlatuzana valley
Heron (1992)
  • Mpumalanga
    • Nkangala District Municipality
      • Victor Khanye Local Municipality
        • Delmas
Atanasova et al. (2016)
            • Dwarsfontein Farm
              • Transvaal Mine
SAMS (South African Micromount Society)
  • North West
    • Bojanala Platinum District Municipality
      • Madibeng Local Municipality
Horiuchi et al. (2014)
        • Brits
Atanasova et al. (2016)
      • Rustenburg Local Municipality
        • Rustenburg
          • Bulhoek
Atanasova et al. (2016)
  • Western Cape
    • Cape Winelands District Municipality
      • Witzenberg Local Municipality
        • Koue Bokkeveld Mountain
Barber (1985)
South Korea
 
  • North Chungcheong Province
    • Danyang County
      • Tanyang-myon
Kinosaki (1943)
Econ Geol (1994) +1 other reference
Spain
 
  • Andalusia
    • Almería
      • Pulpí
Mendoza et al. (2006)
  • Balearic Islands
B. Onac et al (2009)
      • Llucmajor
Onac et al. (2014) +1 other reference
      • Santanyí
Onac et al. (2005)
  • Canary Islands
    • Las Palmas Province
Utzmann et al. (2002)
  • Catalonia
    • Barcelona
      • Baix Llobregat
        • Gavà
          • Bruguers
Rosell-Riba et al. (2022)
      • Vallès Occidental
        • Montcada i Reixac
Mineralogistes de Catalunya (1997)
    • Tarragona
      • Priorat
Joan Abella i Creus (2008)
  • Community of Madrid
    • Madrid
      • Vallecas
Ruishi Yang and Wenguang Li (2001)
  • Extremadura
    • Cáceres
      • Cáceres
        • Sierra de la Mosca
Weibel (1954)
Sri Lanka
 
  • North Central Province
    • Anuradhapura District
Chandrakumara et al. (2021)
Sweden
 
  • Skåne County
    • Bjuv
Bergström et al. (1980)
    • Helsingborg
Bergström et al. (1982)
      • Fjärestad
Bergström et al. (1982)
Norin (1949)
    • Klippan
    • Simrishamn
Swedish Nat. Museum
Swedish Nat. Museum
Swedish Nat. Museum
    • Svalöv
Swedish Nat.Musuem
    • Svedala
Swedish Nat.Musuem
    • Tomelilla
      • Andrarum
Swedish Nat.Musuem
Swedish Nat. Museum
  • Värmland County
    • Filipstad
      • Långban Ore District
Gatedal (n.d.) +2 other references
      • Persberg ore district
Sandström et al. (2009)
Östra Värmlands Mineral Society
        • Pajsberg
Nysten (2004)
  • Västerbotten County
    • Skellefteå
Sandström (2008)
  • Västra Götaland County
    • Karlsborg
      • Undenäs
Sandtsröm (2002)
Switzerland
 
  • Neuchâtel
    • Le Locle
Stalder et al. (1998)
  • St. Gallen
    • Sankt Gallen
Stalder et al. (1998)
  • Thurgau
    • Weinfelden
Stalder et al. (1998)
  • Ticino
    • Lugano
      • Carona
Wagner A. (1994) +1 other reference
  • Valais
    • Conthey
      • Chamoson
M. Delaloye (1966)
    • Goms
      • Binn
        • Fäld
      • Obergoms
        • Oberwald
Lützenkirchen et al. (2011)
  • Zürich
    • Andelfingen
Stalder et al. (1998)
    • Winterthur
      • Wiesendangen
Stalder et al. (1998)
Taiwan
 
  • New Taipei City
    • Ruifang District
IMAI (1999) +1 other reference
Yui et al. (1999)
  • Taitung County
    • Changbin Township
Singer et al. (2008)
Tanzania
 
  • Arusha region
    • Ngorongoro District
Hay (1970)
  • Pwani Region
    • Kisarawe District
      • Pugu Hills
Schwaighofer et al. (1987)
Turkey
 
  • Adana Province
    • Tufanbeyli District
Ucar et al. (2024)
  • Ankara Province
    • Beypazari District
Helvaci (1998)
Karakaya et al. (2013)
Zeki Camur et al. (1996)
  • Artvin Province
    • Yusufeli District
      • Balcılı Camp
Rabayrol et al. (2023)
  • Balikesir Province
    • Biga Peninsula
Çoban (1999)
    • Bigadiç District
Helvaci +2 other references
Gultekin et al. (2016)
  • Çanakkale Province
    • Çanakkale
Aluç et al. (2025)
    • Lapseki District
Yilmaz et al. (2010)
  • Erzurum Province
    • İspir District
      • Kirazlı
Singer et al. (2008)
  • Eskişehir Province
    • Beylikova District
Journal of Asian Earth Sciences (2003)
    • Mihaliççik District
Echle (1967)
    • Seyitgazi District
      • Kirka
www.mineralienatlas.de (n.d.)
  • Istanbul Province
    • Çatalca District
      • Binkiliç
Öztürk et al. (1995)
  • Kayseri Province
    • Develi District
Aluç et al. (2020)
  • Kütahya Province
    • Emet District
      • Emet Borate deposit
Helvaci et al. (2000) +2 other references
  • Malatya Province
    • Kuluncak District
Ersoy et al. (2023)
  • Manisa Province
    • Turgutlu District
Masurenko et al. (2007) +1 other reference
  • Niğde Province
Altay et al. (2010)
  • Rize Province
    • Çayeli District
Akinci (2009)
  • Uşak Province
    • Eşme District
Yahya Çiftçi et al. (2013) +1 other reference
  • Zonguldak Province
    • Karadeniz Ereğli
USGS Prof Paper 550C ppC158-C161
Turkmenistan
 
  • Lebap Region
    • South Tien-Shan Mountains
      • Kugitangtau Ridge
Vladimir A. Maltsev (1993) +1 other reference
UK
 
  • England
    • Bath and North East Somerset
      • Bath
Hall (1868)
Hall (1868)
    • Cornwall
      • Perranzabuloe
        • Perran Iron Lode (Great Perran Iron Lode)
Collins (1878) +1 other reference
Dines (1956)
      • St Just
        • Pendeen
De Bondt (n.d.)
      • St Keverne
Golley et al. (1995)
Ford et al. (1993)
    • Devon
      • West Devon
        • Okehampton Hamlets
McLintock (1923)
Day (1999) +1 other reference
    • Isle of Wight
Hall (1868)
    • Kent
      • Maidstone
Hall (1868)
Hall (1868)
    • Surrey
      • Tandridge
  • Scotland
    • Highland
      • Wester Ross， Strathpeffer and Lochalsh
Am Min 61:3-4 pp 299-302
Ukraine
 
  • Crimea
    • Kerch Peninsula
      • Kerchenskyi iron ore basin
        • Kerchenskoe deposit
Arbuzov V.A. et al. (1967)
    • Simferopol area
      • Ukrainka Village area (Kurtsy)
Dvoichenko P.A. The minerals of Crimea (1914)
  • Odesa Oblast
    • Podilsk Raion
Bobrov et al. (2006, August)
  • Sevastopol
    • Balaklava district
Popov et al. (1938)
  • Volyn Oblast
Emetz et al. (2005)
  • Zhytomyr Oblast
    • Korosten Raion
Liventseva (n.d.)
    • Zhytomyr Raion
Bailey (1980) +1 other reference
USA
 
  • Alabama
    • Baldwin County
- (2005)
    • Barbour County
Cook et al. (1982)
    • Bibb County
Cook et al. (1982)
    • Choctaw County
Cook et al. (1982)
    • Clarke County
Dean (1995)
Cook et al. (1982)
Ransom (1974)
    • Lowndes County
Cook et al. (1982)
Cook et al. (1982)
    • Marengo County
Cook et al. (1982)
Cook et al. (1982)
    • Mobile County
Cook et al. (1982)
Cook et al. (1982)
    • Sumter County
Dean (1995)
    • Tuscaloosa County
Cook et al. (1982)
    • Wilcox County
Cook et al. (1982)
  • Alaska
    • Aleutians East Borough
      • Unalaska Island
 ...
    • Hoonah-Angoon Census Area
- (2008)
    • Kenai Peninsula Borough
      • Redoubt Mining District
Econ Geol (1987)
    • Matanuska-Susitna Borough
      • Nelchina Mining District
- (2008)
    • North Slope Borough
Nokleberg et al. (1982)
    • Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area
      • Kaiyuh Mining District
- (2008)
  • Arizona
    • Apache County
      • Cane Valley Mining District
        • Yazzie Mesa
          • Monument No. 2 channel
Witkind (1963) +1 other reference
      • Sanders-Defiance Plateau area (Sanders-Cheto District)
[var: Calcium-Montmorillonite] Kiersch (1955b) +1 other reference
[var: Calcium-Montmorillonite] Kiersch (1955b) +1 other reference
[var: Calcium-Montmorillonite] Kiersch (1955b) +1 other reference
        • Ganado
[var: Calcium-Montmorillonite] Kiersch (1955b) +1 other reference
    • Cochise County
Galbraith et al. (1959)
      • Cochise Mining District
        • Gunnison Copper Project
          • Johnson Camp
Singer et al. (2005)
Galbraith et al. (1959)
      • Sulphur Springs Valley
        • Pearce Hills
          • Pearce Mining District
            • Pearce
Howell (1977)
      • Willcox
Pipkin (1967) +1 other reference
    • Coconino County
      • Cameron Mining District
        • Cameron
- (2005)
          • Huskon Mines (Huskon group)
Hinkley (1955) +1 other reference
Bollin & Kerr (1958) +1 other reference
Hinkley (1955) +1 other reference
118 +3 other references
Bollin & Kerr (1958) +1 other reference
118 +3 other references
      • Willow Springs
        • Black Peak
Anthony et al. (1995)
    • Gila County
      • Banner Mining District
Singer et al. (2005)
University of Utah geology department ...
        • Hayden area
          • Chilito
Yedlin (1972)
      • Globe-Miami Mining District
        • Miami-Inspiration Mining District
          • Miami
            • Sleeping Beauty Peak
              • Copper Cities Mine area
Peterson (1962) +1 other reference
      • Miami-Inspiration Mining District
        • Inspiration
          • Castle Dome area (Castle Dome Mine area; Pinto Valley Mine area)
. +2 other references
    • Graham County
      • Aravaipa Mining District
        • Klondyke
          • Grand Reef Mountain
            • Laurel Canyon
Besse (1981)
    • Greenlee County
Schwartz (1947) +3 other references
      • Morenci
Singer et al. (2005)
    • La Paz County
      • Plomosa Mountains
        • Plomosa Mining District
          • Bouse
Galbraith et al. (1959)
    • Maricopa County
Galbraith et al. (1959)
Anthony et al. (1995)
      • Wickenburg
Galbraith et al. (1959) +1 other reference
    • Mohave County
      • Big Sandy Valley area
Anthony et al. (1995)
      • Cerbat Mountains
        • Kingman Mining District
          • Kingman
Anthony et al. (1995)
    • Navajo County
      • Hopi Buttes Mining District
        • Dilkon
Lowell (1956) +1 other reference
      • Mineral Mining District
        • Mystery Valley
          • Monument No. 1 channel (Channel No. 36)
Witkind (1963)
    • Pima County
      • Sierrita Mountains
        • Pima Mining District
Singer et al. (2008)
          • Twin Buttes
Galbraith (1947)
      • Silver Bell Mountains
        • Silver Bell Mining District
Kerr (1951) +1 other reference
      • Tucson Mountains
        • Amole Mining District
Bain et al. (2022)
    • Pinal County
      • Florence Mining District (Blackwater Mining District; Black Rock Mining District)
        • Florence
Singer et al. (2005)
Anthony et al. (1995)
      • Scott Mountain
Jones et al. (1983)
      • Superior area
        • adjacent to State Route 177
Anthony et al. (1995)
      • Tortilla Mountains
        • Cottonwood Mining District
          • Crozier Peak area
MRDS databaase Dep. ID #10037118 +1 other reference
    • Yavapai County
      • Bradshaw Mountains (Bradshaw Range)
        • Turkey Creek Mining District
          • Pine Flat
Singer et al. (2005)
Anthony et al. (1995)
      • Eureka Mining District
        • Bagdad
Singer et al. (2008)
      • Thompson Valley
        • Hillside
Norton (1965) +1 other reference
    • Yuma County
      • Castle Dome Mountains
        • Castle Dome Mining District
Wilson (1933)
      • Wellton Hills-Copper Mountains
        • La Posa Mining District (Wellton Mining District; Wellton Hills Mining District)
Galbraith et al. (1959)
  • Arkansas
Howard (1987) +1 other reference
Howard (2007)
    • Garland County
Howard et al. (1995) +1 other reference
Howard (1987) +1 other reference
Howard (2007)
      • Magnet Cove
V.C. Fryklund and D.F. Holbrook (1950) +2 other references
Howard (2007)
    • Saline County
Arkansas Geological Commission
  • California
    • Fresno County
      • Avenal
        • Kettleman Hills
- (2005)
      • Big Creek-Rush Creek Mining District
        • Big Creek
Walstrom (n.d.)
    • Imperial County
      • Boulder Park
- (2005)
      • Ocotillo
- (2005)
    • Inyo County
Melhase (1926) +2 other references
      • Darwin Hills
Stolburg (1984)
          • Darwin
            • Darwin Mine (Anaconda; Bernon Mine; Defiance Mine; Essex Mine; Independence Mine; Intermediate Mine; Rip Van Winkle Mine; Thompson Mine)
Hall (1963) +2 other references
      • Deep Springs Valley
        • Deep Springs Lake (Deep Springs Playa)
Güven et al. (1966) +2 other references
      • Furnace Creek Mining District (Furnace Creek Borate Mining District)
        • Ryan
Anthony et al. (2003)
        • Twenty Mule Team Canyon
Erd et al. (1979)
      • Lake Tecopa Basin
- (2005)
      • Panamint Range (Panamint Mountains)
        • Panamint Mining District (Ballarat Mining District)
          • Ballarat
- (2005)
    • Kern County
      • Bissell
Bradley (1941) +1 other reference
      • Boron
U.S. Borax
          • West Baker
Am Min 49:543-555
      • El Paso Mountains District
        • Goler Heights
- (2005)
        • Ricardo
- (2005)
      • Fremont Valley
        • Gypsite
- (2005)
      • Halfway House
- (2005)
      • Loraine Mining District
        • Sugarloaf Mountain
Kerr (1936) +4 other references
      • Maricopa
Ross et al. (1945) +2 other references
      • Tehachapi Mountains
        • Tehachapi
          • Tehachapi Pass
            • Southeast of Tehachapi Pass
Kerr (1936) +1 other reference
      • Temblor Range
        • Reward
- (2005)
        • Spellacy
- (2005)
    • Kings County
      • Kettleman Hills
        • LaCeja Ridge
- (2005)
- (2005)
      • Reef Station
- (2005)
    • Lake County
      • Sulphur Creek Mining District (Sulfur Creek Mining District; Wilbur Springs Mining District)
        • Clear Lake Oaks
White (1962) +2 other references
    • Lassen County
      • Amedee Hot Springs (Amedee Springs)
White (1967) +2 other references
      • Hallelujah Junction
Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology NBMG ...
      • Hayden Hill Mining District
        • Hayden Hill [town]
          • Hayden Hill [summit]
- (2005)
    • Los Angeles County
      • Castaic Junction
Merrill (1919) +1 other reference
      • Claremont
Laudermilk et al. (1934) +4 other references
    • Mono County
      • Bodie Hills
        • Bodie Mining District
          • Bodie
Vikre et al. (2015)
        • Bridgeport Mining District
          • Potato Peak
Vikre et al. (2015)
          • Willow Springs
Vikre et al. (2015)
Vikre et al. (2015)
    • Napa County
      • Knoxville Mining District
        • Knoxville
Sherlock (1996)
    • Riverside County
      • Cahuilla Mining District
        • Red Mountain
San Diego Mining Company (1998)
      • Jurupa Valley
        • Crestmore
          • Crestmore quarries
            • Chino Hill
Cal Div of Mines & Geo Bulletin 189 " ...
Woodford et al. (1941)
            • Sky Blue Hill
Woodford et al. (1941)
    • San Benito County
      • Goat Mountain
Erd et al. (1993)
      • Santa Rita Peak
www.benitoitemine.com
    • San Bernardino County
      • Afton
        • Afton Canyon
King (n.d.)
      • Apple Valley
- (2005)
      • Calico Mts (Calico Hills)
        • Calico District (Daggett District; Calico-Daggett area)
          • Daggett
Melhase (1926) +2 other references
      • Cronise
- (2005) +1 other reference
      • East Kramer Mining District
        • East Kramer Borate area (East Kramer Colemanite area)
          • Kramer Junction (Beecher's Corners; Beechers Corners; Four Corners)
Benda (1960) +4 other references
MarekC (2018)
      • Hector
- (2005)
Ames et al. (1958) +1 other reference
      • Silver Lake Mining District
        • Silver Lake
- (2005)
        • Soda Mountains
          • Zzyzx
- (2005)
      • Summit Range
        • Teagle [Kern County]
Wright et al. (1953) +2 other references
    • San Diego County
      • Jacumba
        • Tule Mountain (Mount Tule; Tulley Mountain)
Todd et al. (1987)
Todd et al. (1987)
      • Mesa Grande Mining District
        • Gem Hill
Carnahan (1960) +1 other reference
      • Otay
Irelan et al. (1890a) +3 other references
      • Pala Mining District
        • Pala
          • Chief Mountain
Jeffrey E. Patterson analysis
Overview of work including adit ... +2 other references
            • Pala Chief Mine
Hapeman (2011)
          • Hiriart Mountain
Foord et al. (1986)
          • Tourmaline Queen Mountain (Pala Mtn; Queen Mtn)
www.gemandmineral.com/stewartmine.html.
Sheppard (2008) +1 other reference
Sheppard (2008) +1 other reference
San Diego Mining Company (1998)
San Diego Mining Company
      • Ramona Mining District
        • Ramona
Kunz (1905)
Foord et al. (1989)
          • Little Three Mine area
Foord et al. (1989)
San Diego Mining Company
      • Warner Springs Mining District
        • Chihuahua Valley
Ritchie
    • San Luis Obispo County
      • Santa Lucia Mts (Santa Lucia Range)
        • Cambria-Oceanic Mining District
          • Cambria
Ernst (1975)
    • San Mateo County
      • Atherton
Pampeyan (2010)
      • Menlo Park
        • Sharon Heights
Pampeyan (2010)
Pampeyan (2010)
Pampeyan (2010)
Pampeyan (2010)
Pampeyan (2010)
    • Shasta County
      • Lassen Volcanic National Park
Robert G. Lee et al. (2005)
    • Solano County
      • Vacaville
Laizure (1927) +1 other reference
    • Trinity County
      • Klamath Mountains
        • Trinity Mountains
          • Halls Gulch Mining District
            • Wildcat Peak
Sheppard et al. (1969) +3 other references
    • Ventura County
Root (1925) +1 other reference
      • Los Sauces Creek
Kerr (1931) +2 other references
Kerr (1931) +3 other references
Kerr (1931) +1 other reference
Dickinson +1 other reference
  • Colorado
    • Boulder County
      • Jamestown Mining District
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Chaffee County
      • Browns Canyon Mining District
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
        • Poncha Springs
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
    • Conejos County
Eckel et al. (1997)
      • Manassa
Eckel et al. (1997)
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Custer County
      • Silver Cliff Mining District
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Douglas County
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • El Paso County
      • Pikes Peak
Eckel et al. (1997)
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Fremont County
      • Soda Springs Park Area
        • Beaver Creek Area
- (2005)
    • Garfield County
      • East Rifle Creek area
Eckel et al. (1997)
Eckel et al. (1997)
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Gilpin County
Eckel et al. (1997)
USGS Bull 1027E +1 other reference
Eckel et al. (1997)
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Gunnison County
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Jackson County
USGS Bull 1082F
USGS Bull 1082F
    • Jefferson County
Eckel et al. (1997)
      • Golden Mining District
        • Golden
Eckel et al. (1997)
      • Morrison Area
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Lake County
      • Climax Mining District
        • Climax
Freeport-McMoRan
    • Larimer County
- (2005)
- (2005)
    • Mineral County
      • Creede Mining District
Eckel et al. (1997)
Kucera (2021)
Eckel et al. (1997)
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Moffat County
      • Maybell Mining District
Eckel et al. (1997)
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Montrose County
      • Paradox Valley
USGS Prof Paper 320
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Park County
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Pitkin County
Eckel et al. (1997)
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Rio Blanco County
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Routt County
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Saguache County
      • Bonanza Mining District (Kerber Creek Mining District; Blake Mining District)
Eckel et al. (1997)
Rocks & Minerals (July-August, 2002)
    • San Juan County
USGS Prof. Paper 750C +1 other reference
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Teller County
Carnein et al. (2005)
Econ Geol (1985)
Econ Geol (1985)
      • Pikes Peak batholith
Eckel et al. (1997)
Eckel et al. (1997)
Keller (1962) +2 other references
  • Connecticut
    • Fairfield County
      • Redding
        • Branchville
Januzzi et al. (1976)
    • Litchfield County
      • Kent
Shepard (1837)
      • Thomaston
        • Thomaston Dam
Schooner (1961)
    • Middlesex County
      • Haddam
        • Haddam Neck
Schooner (1958)
      • Portland
Rocks & Min.: 16: 164-167.
        • Collins Hill
          • Strickland pegmatite
USGS Professional Paper 255: 333-338. +2 other references
Zodac (1941) +2 other references
Rocks & Minerals (1970)
  • Florida
    • Citrus County
- (2005)
- (2005)
Zeitner (1968)
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
      • Quincy
- (2005)
- (2005)
    • Hamilton County
      • Hard-Rock Phosphate Mining District
- (2005)
- (2005)
    • Levy County
- (2005)
- (2005)
minerals.er.usgs.gov (n.d.)
- (2005)
    • Polk County
Marc V. Hurst (2012)
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
  • Georgia
    • Bibb County
- (2005)
    • Camden County
Econ Geol (1991)
    • Chatham County
- (2005)
    • Decatur County
- (2005)
    • Echols County
      • Statenville
- (2005)
    • Thomas County
      • Meigs
- (2005)
- (2005)
Schlanger (1964)
    • Hågat
      • Lamlan Ridge
Hathaway et al. (1965)
  • Hawaii
    • Honolulu County
      • Oahu Island
        • Koolau Range (Koolau caldera)
          • Kailua
Fujishima et al. (1977)
  • Idaho
    • Caribou County
      • SE Idaho Phosphate Mining District
Gulbrandsen (1974)
    • Custer County
      • Bay Horse Mining District
        • Challis
USGS OFR 2000 - OF-00-239
    • Idaho County
      • Riggins
Tschernich et al. (1982) +1 other reference
    • Lemhi County
      • McDevitt Mining District
- (2005)
- (2005)
Ream (1995)
    • Valley County
      • Thunder Mountain Mining District
- (2005)
  • Illinois
    • Pulaski County
Andrew R. Thomas and Haydn H.Murray (1989)
  • Indiana
    • Martin County
      • Shoals
www.indiana.edu
  • Kansas
    • Gove County
Hattin et al. (Upper Cretaceous)
  • Kentucky
Olive et al. (1969)
Olive et al. (1969)
Olive et al. (1969)
Olive et al. (1969)
Olive et al. (1969)
Olive et al. (1969)
Olive et al. (1969)
  • Maine
    • Androscoggin County
      • Auburn
        • East Mount Apatite Mining District
        • West Mount Apatite Mining District
Wilson (1977) +1 other reference
      • Poland
King (n.d.)
    • Franklin County
      • D Township
W. B. Thompson et al. (2005)
    • Oxford County
      • Buckfield
King (2000)
King et al. (1994)
      • Greenwood
Maine Pegmatite Workshop 2004
Cameron +1 other reference
Mineral News (1993) +1 other reference
        • Uncle Tom Mountain
Thompson et al. (1998)
      • Newry
King et al. (1994) +1 other reference
King (n.d.)
King et al. (1994) +1 other reference
King et al. (6)
      • Norway
      • Paris
King et al. (1994) +1 other reference
www.mindat.org (n.d.) +7 other references
      • Peru
Dionne et al. (2014)
      • Rumford
      • Stoneham
W. B. Thompson et al. (2005)
Bastin (1911)
    • Sagadahoc County
      • Georgetown
  • Massachusetts
    • Hampden County
      • Blandford
"Western Massachusetts Mineral ...
    • Hampshire County
      • Easthampton
Emerson (1895)
      • Goshen
"Western Massachusetts Mineral ...
    • Middlesex County
      • Ashland
Gleba (2008)
    • Suffolk County
      • Revere
Harvard Mineralogical Museum
  • Michigan
Heinrich et al. (2004)
Heinrich et al. (2004)
Heinrich et al. (2004)
    • Delta County
Heinrich et al. (2004)
      • Escanaba River
Heinrich et al. (2004)
    • Emmet County
Heinrich et al. (2004)
Heinrich et al. (2004)
      • Gogebic iron range
        • Bessemer
Morris (1983)
      • Wakefield
Heinrich et al. (2004)
Heinrich et al. (2004)
Heinrich et al. (2004)
Heinrich et al. (2004)
      • Negaunee
Heinrich et al. (2004)
      • Richmond Township
        • Palmer
Heinrich et al. (2004)
Heinrich et al. (2004)
      • White Pine
Heinrich (1976)
Heinrich et al. (2004)
    • Wexford County
      • Harrietta
Heinrich et al. (2004)
  • Minnesota
    • Brown County
- (2005)
    • Redwood County
- (2005)
  • Mississippi
    • Benton County
- (2005)
    • Clay County
- (2005)
    • Hinds County
- (2005)
- (2005)
    • Jones County
- (2005)
    • Kemper County
- (2005)
- (2005)
    • Monroe County
- (2005)
    • Smith County
Yale Peabody Museum
- (2005)
- (2005)
    • Tippah County
- (2005)
- (2005)
      • Ripley
minerals.usgs.gov (n.d.)
    • Winston County
- (2005)
- (2005)
  • Montana
    • Granite County
      • Bearmouth
- (2005)
      • Bradman
- (2005)
      • Drummond
- (2005)
      • East Fork Reservoir Dam
- (2005)
    • Jefferson County
      • Colorado Mining District (Prickly Pear Mining District; Corbin Mining District)
Econ Geol (1985)
      • Whitehall Mining District (Cardwell Mining District)
Gnanou (2018)
Gnanou (2018)
        • Golden Sunlight Mine
Gnanou (2018)
    • Lewis and Clark County
      • Greenhorn Mining District (Austin Mining District)
 ...
      • Seven-Up Pete Mining District
Szarkowski (2019)
    • Mineral County
      • De Borgia
American Mineralogist 47:59-66
    • Powell County
      • Blossburg Area
        • Blossburg
- (2005)
- (2005)
      • Garrison Area
        • Garrison
- (2005)
- (2005)
      • Pioneer Mining District (Gold Creek Mining District)
- (2005)
    • Silver Bow County
Guilbert and Zeihen +1 other reference
Anaconda Mining Company Collection
      • Miles Crossing
- (2005)
  • Nevada
    • Churchill County
      • Bell Mountain Mining District
- (2005)
      • Desert Mining District
Castor et al. (2004)
      • Dixie Valley Mining District
Vikre (1994)
      • Fairview Mining District
- (2005)
      • Lahontan
Castor et al. (2004)
    • Clark County
Castor et al. (2004)
      • Moapa Mining District
Castor et al. (2004)
      • Muddy Mountains
        • Muddy Mountains Mining District
Castor et al. (2004) +1 other reference
Stephen B. Castor (1990)
Castor et al. (2004)
    • Douglas County
      • Buckskin Range
        • Buckskin Mining District (Smith Valley Mining District)
Gibson (1987)
    • Elko County
      • Delano Mining District
- (2005) +1 other reference
      • Gold Circle Mining District (Midas Mining District)
Leavitt et al. (2004)
Leavitt et al. (2004)
      • Huntington Creek Mining District
USGS Open-File Report 76-56 +1 other reference
      • Independence Mountains Mining District
Castor et al. (2004)
USGS Open-File Report 76-56 +1 other reference
- (2005)
Ketner et al. (1963)
      • Swales Mountain Mining District
- (2005)
    • Esmeralda County
      • Black Horse Mining District
- (2005)
      • Coaldale Mining District
NBMG Bull 78 Geology and Mineral ... +1 other reference
      • Divide Mining District
- (2005)
Econ Geol (1989)
Econ Geol (1989)
Econ Geol (1989)
      • Rock Hill Mining District
- (2005)
      • Sylvania Mining District
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
      • Tule Canyon Mining District
- (2005)
    • Eureka County
      • Beowawe Mining District
Cole et al. (1984)
      • Buckhorn Mining District
- (2005)
      • Carlin Trend
        • Maggie Creek Mining Subdistrict
Newmont Mining Corporation
J.B. Harlan et al. (2002)
      • Lynn Mining District
NBMG Bull 64 Geology and Mineral ... +1 other reference
- (2005)
- (2005)
      • Maggie Creek Mining District
- (2005)
        • Mike deposit
John W. Norby and Michael J.T. Orobona (2002)
        • Schroeder Mountain
Castor et al. (2004)
      • Modarelli-Frenchie Creek Mining District
Castor et al. (2004)
Barrick Gold Corporation
    • Humboldt County
      • Awakening Mining District
Jackson et al. (2007)
      • Bottle Creek Mining District
Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology NBMG ... +1 other reference
- (2005)
      • Montana Mountains
        • Disaster Mining District
- (2005)
- (2005)
      • Opalite Mining District
Castor et al. (2004)
      • Sulphur Mining District
        • Sulphur
Ebert et al. (1997)
      • Ten Mile Mining District
Castor et al. (2004)
Castor et al. (2004)
USGS Bull 1538D
    • Lander County
      • Battle Mountain Mining District
- (2005)
Singer et al. (2005)
      • Cortez Mining District
Clark (2012)
      • Iowa Canyon Mining District
Castor et al. (2004)
      • McCoy Mining District
U. S. Geological Survey Open-File ...
    • Lincoln County
      • Bristol and Jackrabbit Mining Districts
Castor et al. (2004)
Castor et al. (2004)
      • Pahranagat Mining District
- (2005)
      • Vigo Mining District
- (2005)
      • Viola Mining District
- (2005)
    • Lyon County
- (2005)
Vikre et al. (1994)
Ken Coleman Collection
      • Desert Mountains Mining District
NBMG Bull 73 Geology and Mineral ... +1 other reference
Ken Coleman Collection
      • Talapoosa Mining District
- (2005)
      • Washington Mining District
- (2005)
    • Mineral County
Vikre et al. (2015)
Vikre et al. (2015)
      • Borealis Mining District
- (2005)
      • Broken Hills Mining District
Castor et al. (2004)
      • Fitting Mining District
- (2005)
Castor et al. (2004)
      • Gabbs Valley Range
        • Santa Fe District
- (2005)
      • Pilot Mountains
        • Pilot Mountains District
Castor et al. (2004)
Castor et al. (2004)
      • Silver Star Mining District
- (2005)
Castor et al. (2004)
      • Sulphide Mining District
- (2005)
    • Nye County
      • Amargosa Desert
Cornwall (1972)
          • Ash Meadows
Norman (1951) +2 other references
- (2005)
Castor et al. (2004)
- (2005)
      • Bare Mountain
        • Bare Mountain Mining District (Fluorine Mining District)
- (2005)
- (2005)
          • Sterling Mine (Ambrose pit; Panama Mine; 144 Zone; Mary-Goldspar claim block [to the north [2004]]; Ambrose open pit; NBMG sample sites 1013 & 1014)
Fischer et al. (2020)
- (2005)
- (2005)
      • Bruner Mining District
        • Phonolite
Baldwin (2014)
      • Bullfrog Hills
        • Bullfrog Mining District
Castor et al. (2004)
- (2005)
Castor et al. (2004)
Castor et al. (2004) +1 other reference
      • Clarkdale Mining District
Castor et al. (2004) +1 other reference
Castor et al. (2004) +1 other reference
      • Paradise Peak Mining District
        • Paradise Peak [summit]
          • Paradise Peak [town]
            • Paradise Peak Mine (Goose Mine; Granny Goose; Paradise; FMC deposit; NBMG Sample Sites 1472 - 1473; Goose claims; Gabbs Mine; Nody prospect; Finger Rock prospect; County Line; Ketchup Flat; Paradise Peak project; Sullivan/Paradise Peak)
John et al. (1989)
      • Quinn Canyon Range
        • Willow Creek Mining District
- (2005)
      • Toquima Range
        • Round Mountain Mining District
- (2005)
      • Union Mining District
        • Berlin
- (2005)
- (2005)
Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology NBMG ... +1 other reference
    • Pershing County
      • Antelope Mining District
Jensen (1993)
- (2005)
      • Muttlebury Mining District
- (2005)
- (2005)
      • Rabbit Hole Mining District
Castor et al. (2004) +1 other reference
      • Willard Mining District
Johnson (1977) +1 other reference
Johnson (1977) +1 other reference
Johnson (1977) +1 other reference
Johnson (1977) +1 other reference
Johnson (1977) +1 other reference
Ken Coleman Collection
    • Storey County
Castor et al. (2004)
Ken Coleman Collection
    • Washoe County
Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology NBMG ... +1 other reference
      • Fort Sage Mountains
Castor et al. (2004)
Castor et al. (2004)
      • Lake Range Mining District
Castor et al. (2004)
      • Pyramid Mining District
NBMG Bull 70 Geology and Mineral ... +3 other references
      • San Emidio Mining District
Castor et al. (2004)
      • Sheephead Mining District
- (2005)
    • White Pine County
Castor et al. (2004)
Castor et al. (2004)
Singer et al. (2005)
  • New Hampshire
    • Cheshire County
      • Alstead
Rocks & Min.: 15: 124.
Peter Cristofono collection +1 other reference
      • Marlow
Smith (2005)
    • Grafton County
      • Grafton
Rocks & Min.: 14:252.
Morrill (1960) +1 other reference
      • Groton
Eric Quinter collection
    • Rockingham County
      • Newington
        • Great Bay National Wildlife Refuge
Nora K. Foley et al. (2006)
      • Raymond
Francis (1985)
    • Strafford County
      • Strafford
Rocks & Min.:64:504.
  • New Jersey
    • Somerset County
      • Bernards Township
Rumrill
  • New Mexico
Northrop et al. (1996)
    • Catron County
Northrop et al. (1996)
    • Cibola County
Northrop et al. (1996)
Moench (1962)
    • Colfax County
Northrop et al. (1996)
    • Doña Ana County
      • Rincon Mining District
Northrop et al. (1996)
    • Eddy County
      • Carlsbad Caverns National Park
Northrop et al. (1996)
Northrop et al. (1996)
      • Carlsbad Potash Mining District
- (2005)
Philip (2013)
    • Grant County
Northrop et al. (1996)
- (2005)
      • Hanover-Fierro Mining District
- (2005)
- (2005)
Northrop et al. (1996)
      • Santa Rita Mining District
        • Santa Rita
Singer et al. (2008)
Northrop et al. (1996)
Northrop et al. (1996)
Northrop et al. (1996)
    • McKinley County
NMBMMR Memoir 38 Geology and Technology ...
NMBMMR Memoir 38 Geology and Technology ...
Northrop et al. (1996)
Northrop et al. (1996)
    • San Juan County
Northrop et al. (1996)
    • Sandoval County
Elston (1968)
    • Santa Fe County
Northrop et al. (1996)
    • Sierra County
Northrop et al. (1996)
Northrop et al. (1996)
Northrop et al. (1996)
Northrop et al. (1996)
Northrop et al. (1996)
    • Socorro County
Northrop et al. (1996)
Northrop et al. (1996)
- (2005)
    • Taos County
      • Picuris District
Jahns et al. (1977)
Northrop et al. (1996)
  • New York
    • Essex County
      • Crown Point Township
Jensen (1978)
      • Willsboro
DeRudder & Beck 11th National ...
    • Lewis County
NY State Museum spec. no. 12921
    • St. Lawrence County
      • Fowler
        • Balmat
Chamberlain et al. (2023)
    • Beaufort County
      • North Carolina Phosphate Mining District
        • Aurora
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
U.S Geological Survey +1 other reference
Clays and Clay Minerals +1 other reference
    • Cleveland County
      • Kings Mountain
Smithsonian Institution Mineral ...
    • Cumberland County
      • Fayetteville
Heron et al. ( )
Clays and Clay Minerals +1 other reference
S.Duncan Heron ( )
S.Duncan Heron ( )
Mineral Resources On-Line Spatial Data ( MRDS)
Wilson
    • Madison County
- (2005)
    • McDowell County
- (2005)
    • Mitchell County
      • Grassy Creek
Dana et al. (1892)
S.Duncan Heron ( )
S.Duncan Heron ( )
Malcolm et al. (1969)
  • North Dakota
    • Golden Valley County
vulcan.wr.usgs.gov (n.d.)
    • Pembina County
      • Walhalla
www.dmr.nd.gov (n.d.)
  • Northern Mariana Islands
Leybourne et al. (2026)
  • Oklahoma
    • Kiowa County
- (2005)
  • Oregon
    • Clackamas County
      • Clackamas River localities
Tschernich (1992)
- (2005)
    • Grant County
      • Monument
- (n.d.)
    • Hood River County
Marshall W. Gannett and Keith E. Bargar +1 other reference
    • Jefferson County
USGS Bull 969
- (2005)
    • Lake County
      • Lakeview
Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology NBMG ...
    • Malheur County
      • Opalite Mining District (McDermitt Mining District)
Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology NBMG ...
Altaner et al. (1990)
  • Pennsylvania
    • Adams County
      • Cumberland Township
Rocks & Minerals 81:229-234
    • Montgomery County
      • Marlborough Township
        • Perkiomenville
Lapham et al. (1965)
  • Puerto Rico
    • Utuado
Cox (1985) +1 other reference
  • Rhode Island
    • Providence County
      • Burrillville
        • Glendale
        • Oakland
Miller
      • Cranston
Miller (1971)
      • Lincoln
        • Lime Rock
Carr et al. (1981) +1 other reference
    • Washington County
      • Hopkinton
        • Ashaway
Metropolis et al. (1986)
  • South Carolina
    • Aiken County
- (2005)
    • Beaufort County
      • Coosa Mining District
- (2005)
    • Berkeley County
- (2005)
    • Calhoun County
- (2005)
    • Charleston County
      • Charleston Mining District
- (2005)
S.Duncan Heron ( )
S.Duncan Heron ( )
    • Dorchester County
- (2005)
    • Jasper County
- (2005)
S.Duncan Heron ( )
    • Williamsburg County
- (2005)
  • South Dakota
    • Butte County
      • Belle Fourche Mining District
Soil Sci Soc Am J 42:524-528 (1978) +1 other reference
    • Custer County
      • Custer Mining District
        • Fourmile
Rocks & Minerals: 60: 117-118.
    • Fall River County
Roberts et al. (1965)
Roberts et al. (1965)
Roberts et al. (1965)
    • Pennington County
      • Keystone Mining District
        • Keystone
Rocks & Minerals: 67 (6)
Smith et al. (2000)
  • Tennessee
    • Anderson County
Rock & Minerals Vol. 84 No. 4 Jul/Aug ...
Nandi et al. (2009)
- (2010)
Andrew R.Thomas and Haydn H. Murray (1989)
    • Johnson County
Carmchael et al. (2017)
Olive et al. (1969)
Nandi et al. (2009)
  • Texas
    • Brewster County
      • Big Bend National Park
Mineralogical Magazine 1979 43 : ...
Morgan et al. (2008)
      • Study Butte
Marvin J. Droddy and John C. Butler (1979)
cms.lanl.gov (n.d.)
    • Hudspeth County
Smith (1991)
Price (1983)
      • Quitman Mountains
Price (1983)
      • Sierra Blanca Peaks
Am Min 72:1122-1130
      • Van Horn Mountains
Smith (1991)
    • Jeff Davis County
      • Davis Mountains
Smith (1991)
    • Karnes County
      • Karnes Uranium Mining District
Dickinson et al. (1976)
    • Live Oak County
      • Ray Point Mining District
Hubbard et al. (2023)
    • Llano County
Anthony (1997)
    • McMullen County
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
    • Presidio County
      • Chinati Mountains
Price (1983)
Price (1983)
Price (1983)
Price (1983)
Smith (1991)
  • Utah
    • East Tintic Mountains
      • Tintic Mining District
Min News 9:9 p6-8
makalu.jpl.nasa.gov (n.d.)
    • Emery County
Young et al. (1960)
    • Garfield County
      • Bear Creek-Sandy Creek Area
- (2005)
    • Grand County
      • Little Grand Mining District
Williams (2017)
    • Iron County
      • Escalante Mining District
Bullock (1981)
      • Lund Area
- (2005)
    • Juab County
Bullock (1981)
      • Thomas Range
        • Spor Mountain Mining District
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
          • Dell Mine
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
    • Piute County
Bullock (1981)
gsa.confex.com (n.d.)
Wyant
- (2005) +1 other reference
    • Salt Lake County
      • Bingham Mining District
        • Bingham Canyon
Singer et al. (2008)
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
    • San Juan County
      • Blanding
Meunier et al. (1987)
Finnell et al. (1963)
Finnell et al. (1963)
      • Lisbon Valley Mining District
Gross (1956)
      • Montezuma Canyon Mining District
Chukanov et al. (2004)
    • Sevier County
      • Antelope Range
        • Henry Mining District
Bullock (1981)
    • Summit County
      • Park City Mining District
Bullock (1981)
Bullock (1981)
    • Tooele County
      • Sunshine Mining District
- (2005)
    • Utah County
      • East Tintic Mining District
Bullock (1981)
      • East Tintic Mountains
Bullock (1981)
      • Lake Mountains Mining District
Bullock (1981) +1 other reference
- (2005)
      • North Tintic Mining District
Lovering et al. (1960)
      • Sunshine Mining District
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
    • Wasatch County
      • Elkhorn Mining District
Singer et al. (2008)
Bullock (1981)
    • Washington County
Bullock (1981)
  • Virginia
    • Amelia County
      • Amelia (Amelia Court House)
Am Min 50:231-235 +1 other reference
    • Bedford County
Dietrich (1990)
Dietrich (1990)
    • Fairfax County
      • Culpeper Basin
Dietrich (1990)
    • Isle Of Wight County
Dietrich (1990)
Dietrich (1990)
    • Rockbridge County
      • Glasgow
Dietrich (1985)
Dietrich (1990)
Glass et al. (1958) +1 other reference
Dietrich (1990)
  • Washington
    • Benton County
Tschernich (1992)
    • Okanogan County
      • Mazama Mining District
Singer et al. (2008)
    • Snohomish County
      • Sultan Mining District
        • Vesper Peak
Cannon (1991)
    • Stevens County
      • Northport Mining District
        • Northport Area
- (2005)
      • Springdale Mining District
        • Wellpinit Area
Barrington et al. (1961) +2 other references
    • Whatcom County
      • Mount Baker Mining District
        • Mount Baker
Frank (1983)
  • Wisconsin
Rocks & Min. Vol. 73 (1998)
Cordua (1998)
      • Shullsburg area
Heyl et al. (1959)
    • Rusk County
      • Ladysmith
DeMatties (2018)
    • Wood County
55TH INSTITUTE ON LAKE SUPERIOR GEOLOGY (2009)
Goodman (1978)
    • Albany County
Hanley et al. (1950)
    • Converse County
      • Southern Powder River Basin Mining District
- (2005)
- (2005)
- (2005)
    • Crook County
Van Rythoven et al. (2020)
    • Fremont County
      • Owl Creek Mountains
- (2005)
    • Laramie County
Coopersmith et al. (2003, June)
    • Natrona County
Hanley et al. (1950)
    • Sweetwater County
Fahey et al. (1941)
    • Teton County
Bargar +1 other reference
Bargar et al. (1973)
Tschernich (1992)
Uzbekistan
 
  • Ferghana Region
    • Uzbekistan District
Uklonskiy et al. (1964) +1 other reference
  • Navoiy
    • Central Kyzylkum Region
      • Lyavlyakan-Beshkak ore field
Solodov et al. (2001)
  • Sirdaryo
Mirzaev et al. (2004)
Vietnam
 
  • Lai Châu Province
    • Phong Tho District
      • Mt Fansipan
Gupta et al. (2005)
Zambia
 
  • North-Western Province
    • Solwezi District
MacIntyre (2019)
  • Southern Province
    • Mazabuka District
      • Munali Intrusive Complex
Brotherton (1979)
Zimbabwe
 
  • Manicaland
    • Buhera District
Meck et al. (2011)
      • Shawa complex
Meck et al. (2011)
  • Mashonaland East
    • Goromonzi District
Mineralogical Magazine 1959 32 : 87-89
Mars
 
  • Oxia Palus quadrangle
Gornitz (2006) +1 other reference
Quick NavTopAbout MontmorilloniteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPronunciation Physical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesVarietiesRelationshipsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatFluorescence Other InformationMontmorillonite in petrologyInternet Links References Localities Locality List
 
and/or  
Mindat.org® is an outreach project of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization. Mindat® and mindat.org® are registered trademarks of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy.
Copyright © mindat.org and the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy 1993-2026, except where stated. Most political location boundaries are © OpenStreetMap contributors. Mindat.org relies on the contributions of thousands of members and supporters. Founded in 2000 by Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau.
Content on this site may not be used to train, fine-tune, or otherwise develop artificial intelligence or machine learning models without prior written permission - see our Terms & Conditions.
To cite: Ralph, J., Von Bargen, D., Martynov, P., Zhang, J., Que, X., Prabhu, A., Morrison, S. M., Li, W., Chen, W., & Ma, X. (2025). Mindat.org: The open access mineralogy database to accelerate data-intensive geoscience research. American Mineralogist, 110(6), 833–844. doi:10.2138/am-2024-9486.
Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions - Contact Us / DMCA issues - Report a bug/vulnerability Current server date and time: September 28, 2026 05:46:00 Page updated: September 27, 2026 22:09:07
Go to top of page