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Benue Trough basin, African Platei
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Benue Trough basin | Basin |
| African Plate | Tectonic Plate |
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The Benue Trough stretching about 800–1000 km with a width ranging between 100 and 150 km, is a megarift structure whose origin was related to the opening of the south Atlantic during the early Cretaceous. This mega rift structure contains economically significant Pb-Zn-Ba-F deposits that form well-defined metallogenic belt about 600 km long in Nigeria. In the Southern Benue Trough (SBT), the Pb-Zn-Ba-F deposits are localized in four districts namely Abakaliki, Ishiagu, Wanikande and Gabu-Oshina and are hosted by carbonaceous shale; in the Central Benue Trough (CBT) the deposit is hosted in the silicified limestone and arkosic sandstone localized in Arufu, Akwana and Azara districts; while in the Northern Benue Trough (NBT) ores deposits occur in the arenaceous sediments of Yolo, Gombe and Gulani districts. Previously published sulfur (S) isotopic data of sulfides suggest that the ore-forming S was sourced from marine sulfates and the reduction of sulfate mainly by thermochemical sulfate reduction process in the CBT and NBT. Whereas in the SBT, bacterial sulfate reduction process is dominant. The compiled C-O isotopic compositions suggest that limestone and slightly metamorphosed sedimentary rocks supplied ore-forming materials to the hydrothermal systems through water/rock interaction. The available bulk Pb isotopic compositions for the ore minerals, the host sedimentary and crystalline rocks comprising the basement rocks as well as the basaltic rocks from the Trough suggest that the arkosic sandstone which is composed of detrital feldspars that was eroded from the Precambrian basement rocks could be the likely source of ore-forming metals. Our model proposed that the ore-forming fluids were sourced from the hot connate-brine that was expelled through compaction during the development of the deep sedimentary basins. Mesozoic magmatic events distributed throughout the basin likely provided the initial thermal flow and elevated the geothermal gradient. The hot brines could have leached the metals from the syn-rift continental formations. The tensional fractures serve as the conduit through which the metals migrated, leached abundant sulphate and precipitated their contents in the transcurrent fault system as sulfides, barite and associated polymetallic ores. The geological, mineralogical, and geochemical characteristics of the Nigerian Benue Trough Pb-Zn deposits are consistent with Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) Pb-Zn deposits in North Africa and the typical MVT ore deposits worldwide.
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Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsCommodity List
This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.Mineral List
Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities88 valid minerals. 1 erroneous literature entry.
Rock Types Recorded
Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!
Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities
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Alphabetical List Tree DiagramDetailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ Aegirine Formula: NaFe3+Si2O6 References: |
| ⓘ Aegirine-augite Formula: (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6 |
| ⓘ Aenigmatite Formula: Na4[Fe2+10Ti2]O4[Si12O36] |
| ⓘ Albite Formula: Na(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ 'Alkali Feldspar' References: |
| ⓘ 'Allanite Group' Formula: (A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup' Formula: AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2 |
| ⓘ Anatase Formula: TiO2 |
| ⓘ Anglesite Formula: PbSO4 |
| ⓘ 'Apatite' Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| ⓘ Aragonite Formula: CaCO3 Locality: Nkpuma – Akpatakpa clay, Ebonyi, Nigeria |
| ⓘ Arfvedsonite Formula: [Na][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Augite Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| ⓘ Augite var. Fassaite Formula: (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6] |
| ⓘ Azurite Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| ⓘ 'Barkevikite' References: |
| ⓘ Baryte Formula: BaSO4 Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce) Formula: Ce(CO3)F Locality: Odegi, Nasarawa, Nasarawa, Nigeria |
| ⓘ Bastnäsite-(La) Formula: La(CO3)F Locality: Odegi, Nasarawa, Nasarawa, Nigeria |
| ⓘ Beryl Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| ⓘ 'Biotite' Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| ⓘ Bolivarite Formula: Al2(PO4)(OH)3 · 4-5H2O |
| ⓘ Bornite Formula: Cu5FeS4 |
| ⓘ Boulangerite Formula: Pb5Sb4S11 |
| ⓘ Böhmite Formula: AlO(OH) |
| ⓘ Bournonite Formula: PbCuSbS3 |
| ⓘ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 |
| ⓘ Carlsbergite Formula: CrN References: |
| ⓘ Cassiterite Formula: SnO2 Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Formula: CaV4+3O7 Locality: Odegi, Nasarawa, Nasarawa, Nigeria - erroneously reported Description: On-line version of Handbook page (http://rruff.info/doclib/hom/cavoite.pdf) is in fact that of cerianite-(Ce). |
| ⓘ Cerianite-(Ce) Formula: (Ce4+,Th)O2 Locality: Odegi, Nasarawa, Nasarawa, Nigeria |
| ⓘ Cerussite Formula: PbCO3 |
| ⓘ Chalcocite Formula: Cu2S |
| ⓘ Chalcopyrite Formula: CuFeS2 Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Chlorapatite Formula: Ca5(PO4)3Cl |
| ⓘ 'Chlorite Group' |
| ⓘ Chromite Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2O4 References: |
| ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup' |
| ⓘ Coesite Formula: SiO2 References: |
| ⓘ 'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series' Locality: Afu Ring Complex, Nasarawa, Nigeria |
| ⓘ Copper Formula: Cu |
| ⓘ Corundum Formula: Al2O3 Colour: blue |
| ⓘ Corundum var. Sapphire Formula: Al2O3 Colour: blue |
| ⓘ Crandallite Formula: CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ Cryolite Formula: Na2NaAlF6 Locality: Afu Ring Complex, Nasarawa, Nigeria |
| ⓘ Cubanite Formula: CuFe2S3 Description: Cubanite was labelled as 'Chalcopyrrhotite' by Ramdohr in his 1973 work. |
| ⓘ Daubréelite Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2S4 |
| ⓘ Diamond Formula: C References: |
| ⓘ Diopside Formula: CaMgSi2O6 |
| ⓘ Enargite Formula: Cu3AsS4 |
| ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series' |
| ⓘ Fluocerite-(Ce) Formula: CeF3 Locality: Odegi, Nasarawa, Nasarawa, Nigeria |
| ⓘ Fluorite Formula: CaF2 |
| ⓘ Fukuchilite Formula: Cu3FeS8 |
| ⓘ Galena Formula: PbS Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Gibbsite Formula: Al(OH)3 |
| ⓘ Goethite Formula: Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ Gold Formula: Au |
| ⓘ Graphite Formula: C |
| ⓘ Hausmannite Formula: Mn2+Mn3+2O4 |
| ⓘ Hematite Formula: Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ Hopeite Formula: ZnZn2(PO4)2 · 4H2O Locality: Azara Mine, Awe, Nasarawa, Nigeria |
| ⓘ Ilmenite Formula: Fe2+TiO3 |
| ⓘ Iron Formula: Fe |
| ⓘ Iron var. Kamacite Formula: (Fe,Ni) |
| ⓘ Iron var. Martensite Formula: Fe |
| ⓘ Isocubanite Formula: CuFe2S3 |
| ⓘ Kaersutite Formula: NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2 |
| ⓘ Kaolinite Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ 'K Feldspar' Locality: Afu Ring Complex, Nasarawa, Nigeria |
| ⓘ 'Lepidolite' |
| ⓘ 'Limonite' |
| ⓘ Mackinawite Formula: FeS |
| ⓘ Maghemite Formula: (Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ Magnetite Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite Formula: Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| ⓘ Majorite Formula: Mg3(MgSi)(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ Malachite Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Marcasite Formula: FeS2 |
| ⓘ 'Melilite Group' Formula: Ca2M(XSiO7) |
| ⓘ Microcline Formula: K(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ Monazite-(Ce) Formula: Ce(PO4) Locality: Odegi, Nasarawa, Nasarawa, Nigeria |
| ⓘ 'Monazite Group' Formula: REE(PO4) Locality: Afu Ring Complex, Nasarawa, Nigeria |
| ⓘ Muscovite Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Nepheline Formula: Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| ⓘ 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup' |
| ⓘ 'Plagioclase' Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| ⓘ 'Plessite' |
| ⓘ Pyrite Formula: FeS2 |
| ⓘ Pyromorphite Formula: Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group' Formula: ADSi2O6 |
| ⓘ Qandilite ? Formula: (Mg,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Al)O4 Locality: Nkpuma – Akpatakpa clay, Ebonyi, Nigeria |
| ⓘ Quartz Formula: SiO2 Localities: Reported from at least 14 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Riebeckite Formula: ◻[Na2][Fe2+3Fe3+2]Si8O22(OH)2 References: |
| ⓘ Rodolicoite Formula: Fe3+PO4 Locality: Arikya, Lafia, Nasarawa, Nigeria References: Okoli, Benneth Ifenna, Agboola, Olufemi A., Onwualu, Azikiwe Peter, Bello, Abdulhakeem, Sholiyi, Olusegun Samuel, Anye, Vitalis C., Yusuf, Olatunbosun T. (2023) Characterization of Nigerian Zircon Sand and Its Suitability for Different Industrial Applications. Minerals, 13 (6) 711 doi:10.3390/min13060711 |
| ⓘ Rutile Formula: TiO2 |
| ⓘ Sanidine Formula: K(AlSi3O8) References: |
| ⓘ Schreibersite Formula: (Fe,Ni)3P |
| ⓘ Siderite Formula: FeCO3 |
| ⓘ Silver Formula: Ag |
| ⓘ Smithsonite Formula: ZnCO3 |
| ⓘ Sphalerite Formula: ZnS Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Spinel Formula: MgAl2O4 |
| ⓘ Stannite Formula: Cu2FeSnS4 |
| ⓘ Stishovite Formula: SiO2 References: |
| ⓘ Taenite Formula: (Fe,Ni) |
| ⓘ 'Tennantite Subgroup' Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S |
| ⓘ 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup' Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S |
| ⓘ Thorite Formula: Th(SiO4) |
| ⓘ Titanite Formula: CaTi(SiO4)O |
| ⓘ 'Tourmaline' Formula: AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| ⓘ Troilite Formula: FeS |
| ⓘ 'UM1993-12-S:BiCu' Formula: Cu3BiS3 |
| ⓘ 'UM1993-17-S:CuFePb' Formula: ~Cu9(Pb,Fe)S6 |
| ⓘ 'Unnamed (Cu-Mn-Sn Sulphide)' Formula: Cu2MnSnS4 |
| ⓘ Wadsleyite Formula: Mg4O(Si2O7) |
| ⓘ Wittichenite Formula: Cu3BiS3 |
| ⓘ Zincite Formula: ZnO Locality: Azara Mine, Awe, Nasarawa, Nigeria |
| ⓘ Zircon Formula: Zr(SiO4) Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region. |
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Copper | 1.AA.05 | Cu |
| ⓘ | Gold | 1.AA.05 | Au |
| ⓘ | Silver | 1.AA.05 | Ag |
| ⓘ | Iron | 1.AE.05 | Fe |
| ⓘ | var. Kamacite | 1.AE.05 | (Fe,Ni) |
| ⓘ | var. Martensite | 1.AE.05 | Fe |
| ⓘ | Taenite | 1.AE.10 | (Fe,Ni) |
| ⓘ | Carlsbergite | 1.BC.15 | CrN |
| ⓘ | Schreibersite | 1.BD.05 | (Fe,Ni)3P |
| ⓘ | Graphite | 1.CB.05a | C |
| ⓘ | Diamond | 1.CB.10a | C |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| ⓘ | Chalcocite | 2.BA.05 | Cu2S |
| ⓘ | Bornite | 2.BA.15 | Cu5FeS4 |
| ⓘ | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| ⓘ | 'Unnamed (Cu-Mn-Sn Sulphide)' | 2.CB.07a | Cu2MnSnS4 |
| ⓘ | Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ | Stannite | 2.CB.15a | Cu2FeSnS4 |
| ⓘ | Cubanite | 2.CB.55a | CuFe2S3 |
| ⓘ | Isocubanite | 2.CB.55b | CuFe2S3 |
| ⓘ | Troilite | 2.CC.10 | FeS |
| ⓘ | Mackinawite | 2.CC.25 | FeS |
| ⓘ | Galena | 2.CD.10 | PbS |
| ⓘ | Daubréelite | 2.DA.05 | Fe2+Cr3+2S4 |
| ⓘ | Fukuchilite | 2.EB.05a | Cu3FeS8 |
| ⓘ | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| ⓘ | Marcasite | 2.EB.10a | FeS2 |
| ⓘ | Wittichenite | 2.GA.20 | Cu3BiS3 |
| ⓘ | Bournonite | 2.GA.50 | PbCuSbS3 |
| ⓘ | 'Tennantite Subgroup' | 2.GB.05 | Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S |
| ⓘ | 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup' | 2.GB.05 | Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S |
| ⓘ | Boulangerite | 2.HC.15 | Pb5Sb4S11 |
| ⓘ | Enargite | 2.KA.05 | Cu3AsS4 |
| Group 3 - Halides | |||
| ⓘ | Fluorite | 3.AB.25 | CaF2 |
| ⓘ | Fluocerite-(Ce) | 3.AC.15 | CeF3 |
| ⓘ | Cryolite | 3.CB.15 | Na2NaAlF6 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Goethite | 4.00. | Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ | Zincite | 4.AB.20 | ZnO |
| ⓘ | Chromite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Cr3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Qandilite ? | 4.BB.05 | (Mg,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Al)O4 |
| ⓘ | Spinel | 4.BB.05 | MgAl2O4 |
| ⓘ | Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| ⓘ | Hausmannite | 4.BB.10 | Mn2+Mn3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Maghemite | 4.BB.15 | (Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Corundum | 4.CB.05 | Al2O3 |
| ⓘ | Hematite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ | Ilmenite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2+TiO3 |
| ⓘ | Corundum var. Sapphire | 4.CB.05 | Al2O3 |
| ⓘ | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | Coesite | 4.DA.35 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | Stishovite | 4.DA.40 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | Cassiterite | 4.DB.05 | SnO2 |
| ⓘ | Rutile | 4.DB.05 | TiO2 |
| ⓘ | Anatase | 4.DD.05 | TiO2 |
| ⓘ | Cerianite-(Ce) | 4.DL.05 | (Ce4+,Th)O2 |
| ⓘ | Gibbsite | 4.FE.10 | Al(OH)3 |
| ⓘ | Böhmite | 4.FE.15 | AlO(OH) |
| ⓘ | Cavoite ? | 4.HE.40 | CaV4+3O7 |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Siderite | 5.AB.05 | FeCO3 |
| ⓘ | Smithsonite | 5.AB.05 | ZnCO3 |
| ⓘ | Aragonite | 5.AB.15 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Cerussite | 5.AB.15 | PbCO3 |
| ⓘ | Azurite | 5.BA.05 | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Malachite | 5.BA.10 | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Bastnäsite-(Ce) | 5.BD.20a | Ce(CO3)F |
| ⓘ | Bastnäsite-(La) | 5.BD.20a | La(CO3)F |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | Anglesite | 7.AD.35 | PbSO4 |
| ⓘ | Baryte | 7.AD.35 | BaSO4 |
| Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates | |||
| ⓘ | Rodolicoite | 8.AB. | Fe3+PO4 |
| ⓘ | Monazite-(Ce) | 8.AD.50 | Ce(PO4) |
| ⓘ | Crandallite | 8.BL.10 | CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Chlorapatite | 8.BN.05 | Ca5(PO4)3Cl |
| ⓘ | Pyromorphite | 8.BN.05 | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| ⓘ | Hopeite | 8.CA.30 | ZnZn2(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ | Bolivarite | 8.DF.10 | Al2(PO4)(OH)3 · 4-5H2O |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Majorite | 9.AD.25 | Mg3(MgSi)(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | Thorite | 9.AD.30 | Th(SiO4) |
| ⓘ | Zircon | 9.AD.30 | Zr(SiO4) |
| ⓘ | Titanite | 9.AG.15 | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| ⓘ | Wadsleyite | 9.BE.02 | Mg4O(Si2O7) |
| ⓘ | Beryl | 9.CJ.05 | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| ⓘ | Augite | 9.DA.15 | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | Diopside | 9.DA.15 | CaMgSi2O6 |
| ⓘ | Augite var. Fassaite | 9.DA.15 | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6] |
| ⓘ | Aegirine-augite | 9.DA.20 | (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | Aegirine | 9.DA.25 | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | Kaersutite | 9.DE.15 | NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2 |
| ⓘ | Arfvedsonite | 9.DE.25 | [Na][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Riebeckite | 9.DE.25 | ◻[Na2][Fe2+3Fe3+2]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Aenigmatite | 9.DH.40 | Na4[Fe2+10Ti2]O4[Si12O36] |
| ⓘ | Muscovite | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Kaolinite | 9.ED.05 | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Nepheline | 9.FA.05 | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| ⓘ | Microcline | 9.FA.30 | K(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | Sanidine | 9.FA.30 | K(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | Albite | 9.FA.35 | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Unclassified | |||
| ⓘ | 'Alkali Feldspar' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Amphibole Supergroup' | - | AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2 |
| ⓘ | 'Biotite' | - | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| ⓘ | 'Chlorite Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Lepidolite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Limonite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Monazite Group' | - | REE(PO4) |
| ⓘ | 'Tourmaline' | - | AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| ⓘ | 'Barkevikite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Plagioclase' | - | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| ⓘ | 'K Feldspar' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Pyroxene Group' | - | ADSi2O6 |
| ⓘ | 'Plessite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Apatite' | - | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| ⓘ | 'Melilite Group' | - | Ca2M(XSiO7) |
| ⓘ | 'Allanite Group' | - | (A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| ⓘ | 'UM1993-12-S:BiCu' | - | Cu3BiS3 |
| ⓘ | 'UM1993-17-S:CuFePb' | - | ~Cu9(Pb,Fe)S6 |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup | AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2 |
| H | ⓘ Arfvedsonite | [Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| H | ⓘ Böhmite | AlO(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Bolivarite | Al2(PO4)(OH)3 · 4-5H2O |
| H | ⓘ Crandallite | CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Gibbsite | Al(OH)3 |
| H | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Hopeite | ZnZn2(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| H | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Riebeckite | ◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| H | ⓘ Allanite Group | (A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Be | Beryllium | |
| Be | ⓘ Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| B | Boron | |
| B | ⓘ Tourmaline | AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce) | Ce(CO3)F |
| C | ⓘ Bastnäsite-(La) | La(CO3)F |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Diamond | C |
| C | ⓘ Graphite | C |
| C | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| N | Nitrogen | |
| N | ⓘ Carlsbergite | CrN |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Aenigmatite | Na4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36] |
| O | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup | AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2 |
| O | ⓘ Anatase | TiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Arfvedsonite | [Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce) | Ce(CO3)F |
| O | ⓘ Bastnäsite-(La) | La(CO3)F |
| O | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| O | ⓘ Böhmite | AlO(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Bolivarite | Al2(PO4)(OH)3 · 4-5H2O |
| O | ⓘ Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Cassiterite | SnO2 |
| O | ⓘ Cerianite-(Ce) | (Ce4+,Th)O2 |
| O | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Chlorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3Cl |
| O | ⓘ Chromite | Fe2+Cr23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Coesite | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Corundum | Al2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Crandallite | CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Gibbsite | Al(OH)3 |
| O | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Hausmannite | Mn2+Mn23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Hopeite | ZnZn2(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| O | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| O | ⓘ Kaersutite | NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2 |
| O | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Maghemite | (Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Majorite | Mg3(MgSi)(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Monazite Group | REE(PO4) |
| O | ⓘ Monazite-(Ce) | Ce(PO4) |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| O | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| O | ⓘ Qandilite | (Mg,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Al)O4 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Riebeckite | ◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Rutile | TiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Sanidine | K(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Corundum var. Sapphire | Al2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Stishovite | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Thorite | Th(SiO4) |
| O | ⓘ Titanite | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| O | ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Tourmaline | AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| O | ⓘ Wadsleyite | Mg4O(Si2O7) |
| O | ⓘ Zincite | ZnO |
| O | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| O | ⓘ Rodolicoite | Fe3+PO4 |
| O | ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series | |
| O | ⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series | |
| O | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| O | ⓘ Pyroxene Group | ADSi2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Augite var. Fassaite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6] |
| O | ⓘ Cavoite | CaV34+O7 |
| O | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| O | ⓘ Melilite Group | Ca2M(XSiO7) |
| O | ⓘ Allanite Group | (A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup | AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2 |
| F | ⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce) | Ce(CO3)F |
| F | ⓘ Bastnäsite-(La) | La(CO3)F |
| F | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| F | ⓘ Cryolite | Na2NaAlF6 |
| F | ⓘ Fluocerite-(Ce) | CeF3 |
| F | ⓘ Fluorite | CaF2 |
| F | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | ⓘ Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| Na | ⓘ Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6 |
| Na | ⓘ Aenigmatite | Na4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36] |
| Na | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Na | ⓘ Arfvedsonite | [Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| Na | ⓘ Cryolite | Na2NaAlF6 |
| Na | ⓘ Kaersutite | NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2 |
| Na | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| Na | ⓘ Riebeckite | ◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| Na | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| Na | ⓘ Augite var. Fassaite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6] |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6 |
| Mg | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Mg | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Mg | ⓘ Kaersutite | NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Majorite | Mg3(MgSi)(SiO4)3 |
| Mg | ⓘ Qandilite | (Mg,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Al)O4 |
| Mg | ⓘ Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| Mg | ⓘ Wadsleyite | Mg4O(Si2O7) |
| Mg | ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series | |
| Mg | ⓘ Augite var. Fassaite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6] |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6 |
| Al | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup | AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Böhmite | AlO(OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Bolivarite | Al2(PO4)(OH)3 · 4-5H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Al | ⓘ Corundum | Al2O3 |
| Al | ⓘ Crandallite | CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| Al | ⓘ Cryolite | Na2NaAlF6 |
| Al | ⓘ Gibbsite | Al(OH)3 |
| Al | ⓘ Kaersutite | NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2 |
| Al | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Al | ⓘ Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| Al | ⓘ Qandilite | (Mg,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Al)O4 |
| Al | ⓘ Sanidine | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Corundum var. Sapphire | Al2O3 |
| Al | ⓘ Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| Al | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| Al | ⓘ Augite var. Fassaite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6] |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Aenigmatite | Na4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36] |
| Si | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup | AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Arfvedsonite | [Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Si | ⓘ Coesite | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Kaersutite | NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2 |
| Si | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Si | ⓘ Majorite | Mg3(MgSi)(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Riebeckite | ◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Sanidine | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Stishovite | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Thorite | Th(SiO4) |
| Si | ⓘ Titanite | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| Si | ⓘ Wadsleyite | Mg4O(Si2O7) |
| Si | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Si | ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series | |
| Si | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| Si | ⓘ Pyroxene Group | ADSi2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Augite var. Fassaite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6] |
| Si | ⓘ Melilite Group | Ca2M(XSiO7) |
| Si | ⓘ Allanite Group | (A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | ⓘ Bolivarite | Al2(PO4)(OH)3 · 4-5H2O |
| P | ⓘ Chlorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3Cl |
| P | ⓘ Crandallite | CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| P | ⓘ Hopeite | ZnZn2(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| P | ⓘ Monazite Group | REE(PO4) |
| P | ⓘ Monazite-(Ce) | Ce(PO4) |
| P | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| P | ⓘ Schreibersite | (Fe,Ni)3P |
| P | ⓘ Rodolicoite | Fe3+PO4 |
| P | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| S | ⓘ Boulangerite | Pb5Sb4S11 |
| S | ⓘ Bournonite | PbCuSbS3 |
| S | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| S | ⓘ Cubanite | CuFe2S3 |
| S | ⓘ Daubréelite | Fe2+Cr23+S4 |
| S | ⓘ Enargite | Cu3AsS4 |
| S | ⓘ Fukuchilite | Cu3FeS8 |
| S | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| S | ⓘ Isocubanite | CuFe2S3 |
| S | ⓘ Mackinawite | FeS |
| S | ⓘ Marcasite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| S | ⓘ Stannite | Cu2FeSnS4 |
| S | ⓘ Tennantite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S |
| S | ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S |
| S | ⓘ Troilite | FeS |
| S | ⓘ Wittichenite | Cu3BiS3 |
| S | ⓘ Unnamed (Cu-Mn-Sn Sulphide) | Cu2MnSnS4 |
| S | ⓘ UM1993-12-S:BiCu | Cu3BiS3 |
| S | ⓘ UM1993-17-S:CuFePb | ~Cu9(Pb,Fe)S6 |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup | AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2 |
| Cl | ⓘ Chlorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3Cl |
| Cl | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| Cl | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| K | ⓘ Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| K | ⓘ Sanidine | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6 |
| Ca | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Chlorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3Cl |
| Ca | ⓘ Crandallite | CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| Ca | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Ca | ⓘ Fluorite | CaF2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Kaersutite | NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Titanite | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| Ca | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| Ca | ⓘ Augite var. Fassaite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6] |
| Ca | ⓘ Cavoite | CaV34+O7 |
| Ca | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| Ca | ⓘ Melilite Group | Ca2M(XSiO7) |
| Ti | Titanium | |
| Ti | ⓘ Aenigmatite | Na4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36] |
| Ti | ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup | AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Anatase | TiO2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| Ti | ⓘ Kaersutite | NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Qandilite | (Mg,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Al)O4 |
| Ti | ⓘ Rutile | TiO2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Titanite | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| Ti | ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| Ti | ⓘ Augite var. Fassaite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6] |
| V | Vanadium | |
| V | ⓘ Cavoite | CaV34+O7 |
| Cr | Chromium | |
| Cr | ⓘ Carlsbergite | CrN |
| Cr | ⓘ Chromite | Fe2+Cr23+O4 |
| Cr | ⓘ Daubréelite | Fe2+Cr23+S4 |
| Mn | Manganese | |
| Mn | ⓘ Hausmannite | Mn2+Mn23+O4 |
| Mn | ⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series | |
| Mn | ⓘ Unnamed (Cu-Mn-Sn Sulphide) | Cu2MnSnS4 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Aenigmatite | Na4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36] |
| Fe | ⓘ Arfvedsonite | [Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Chromite | Fe2+Cr23+O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Cubanite | CuFe2S3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Daubréelite | Fe2+Cr23+S4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Fukuchilite | Cu3FeS8 |
| Fe | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Iron | Fe |
| Fe | ⓘ Isocubanite | CuFe2S3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Iron var. Kamacite | (Fe,Ni) |
| Fe | ⓘ Mackinawite | FeS |
| Fe | ⓘ Maghemite | (Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe23+O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Marcasite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Qandilite | (Mg,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Al)O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Riebeckite | ◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Schreibersite | (Fe,Ni)3P |
| Fe | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Stannite | Cu2FeSnS4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Taenite | (Fe,Ni) |
| Fe | ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Troilite | FeS |
| Fe | ⓘ Rodolicoite | Fe3+PO4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series | |
| Fe | ⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series | |
| Fe | ⓘ Iron var. Martensite | Fe |
| Fe | ⓘ Augite var. Fassaite | (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6] |
| Fe | ⓘ UM1993-17-S:CuFePb | ~Cu9(Pb,Fe)S6 |
| Ni | Nickel | |
| Ni | ⓘ Iron var. Kamacite | (Fe,Ni) |
| Ni | ⓘ Schreibersite | (Fe,Ni)3P |
| Ni | ⓘ Taenite | (Fe,Ni) |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| Cu | ⓘ Bournonite | PbCuSbS3 |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| Cu | ⓘ Cubanite | CuFe2S3 |
| Cu | ⓘ Copper | Cu |
| Cu | ⓘ Enargite | Cu3AsS4 |
| Cu | ⓘ Fukuchilite | Cu3FeS8 |
| Cu | ⓘ Isocubanite | CuFe2S3 |
| Cu | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Stannite | Cu2FeSnS4 |
| Cu | ⓘ Tennantite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S |
| Cu | ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S |
| Cu | ⓘ Wittichenite | Cu3BiS3 |
| Cu | ⓘ Unnamed (Cu-Mn-Sn Sulphide) | Cu2MnSnS4 |
| Cu | ⓘ UM1993-12-S:BiCu | Cu3BiS3 |
| Cu | ⓘ UM1993-17-S:CuFePb | ~Cu9(Pb,Fe)S6 |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | ⓘ Hopeite | ZnZn2(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| Zn | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Zn | ⓘ Zincite | ZnO |
| As | Arsenic | |
| As | ⓘ Enargite | Cu3AsS4 |
| As | ⓘ Tennantite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S |
| Zr | Zirconium | |
| Zr | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Nb | Niobium | |
| Nb | ⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series | |
| Ag | Silver | |
| Ag | ⓘ Silver | Ag |
| Sn | Tin | |
| Sn | ⓘ Cassiterite | SnO2 |
| Sn | ⓘ Stannite | Cu2FeSnS4 |
| Sn | ⓘ Unnamed (Cu-Mn-Sn Sulphide) | Cu2MnSnS4 |
| Sb | Antimony | |
| Sb | ⓘ Boulangerite | Pb5Sb4S11 |
| Sb | ⓘ Bournonite | PbCuSbS3 |
| Sb | ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S |
| Ba | Barium | |
| Ba | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| La | Lanthanum | |
| La | ⓘ Bastnäsite-(La) | La(CO3)F |
| Ce | Cerium | |
| Ce | ⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce) | Ce(CO3)F |
| Ce | ⓘ Cerianite-(Ce) | (Ce4+,Th)O2 |
| Ce | ⓘ Fluocerite-(Ce) | CeF3 |
| Ce | ⓘ Monazite-(Ce) | Ce(PO4) |
| Au | Gold | |
| Au | ⓘ Gold | Au |
| Pb | Lead | |
| Pb | ⓘ Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| Pb | ⓘ Boulangerite | Pb5Sb4S11 |
| Pb | ⓘ Bournonite | PbCuSbS3 |
| Pb | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| Pb | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| Pb | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| Pb | ⓘ UM1993-17-S:CuFePb | ~Cu9(Pb,Fe)S6 |
| Bi | Bismuth | |
| Bi | ⓘ Wittichenite | Cu3BiS3 |
| Bi | ⓘ UM1993-12-S:BiCu | Cu3BiS3 |
| Th | Thorium | |
| Th | ⓘ Cerianite-(Ce) | (Ce4+,Th)O2 |
| Th | ⓘ Thorite | Th(SiO4) |
Fossils
There are 63 fossil localities from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.
| Occurrences | 753 |
|---|---|
| Youngest Fossil Listed | 33.9 Ma (Oligocene) |
| Oldest Fossil Listed | 122 Ma (Early/Lower Cretaceous) |
| Stratigraphic Units | Click here to view 23 stratigraphic units. |
| Fossils from Region | Click here to show the list. |
| Fossil Localities | Click to show 63 fossil localities |
- Eocene🐚 Ameki
- Paleogene🐚 Ameki Fm: Litho and Fauna - Glans zone
- Paleogene🐚 Ameki Fm: Litho and Fauna - Globigerina zone
- Paleogene🐚 Ameki Fm: Litho and Fauna - Nonion-Buntonia zone
- Paleogene🐚 Ameki Fm: Litho and Fauna - Ostrea Zone
- Eocene🐚 Ameki Fm: Litho and Fauna- Callianassa zone
- Late/Upper Cretaceous🐚 Asu River
- Late/Upper Cretaceous🐚 Awgu Limestone
- Late/Upper Cretaceous🐚 Loc. 10
- Cretaceous🐚 Loc. 22
- Late/Upper Cretaceous🐚 Lokpanta
- Late/Upper Cretaceous🐚 Lokpanta [Eze-Aku Shales]
- Late/Upper Cretaceous🐚 Lokpauku
- Late/Upper Cretaceous🐚 Nkalagu Shale - Sample 50
- Eocene🐚 Port Harcourt RR
- Adamawa
- Bauchi
- Benue
- Borno
- Cross River
- Late/Upper Cretaceous🐚 27.9 km from Calabar
- Late/Upper Cretaceous🐚 34 km from Calabar
- Late/Upper Cretaceous🐚 Fauna 11
- Late/Upper Cretaceous🐚 Fauna 12
- Late/Upper Cretaceous🐚 Fauna 13
- Late/Upper Cretaceous🐚 Fauna 3
- Late/Upper Cretaceous🐚 Fauna 5
- Late/Upper Cretaceous🐚 Fauna 6
- Late/Upper Cretaceous🐚 Fauna 7
- Cross River
- Ebonyi
- Late/Upper Cretaceous🐚 Ezillo [Eze-Aku Fm]
- Late/Upper Cretaceous🐚 Jablonski & Raup Locality 70
- Cretaceous🐚 Loc. 1
- Cretaceous🐚 Loc. 13
- Late/Upper Cretaceous🐚 Loc. 16
- Cretaceous🐚 Loc. 19
- Cretaceous🐚 Loc. 36
- Late/Upper Cretaceous🐚 Loc. 43
- Cretaceous🐚 Loc. 5
- Late/Upper Cretaceous🐚 Loc. 6
- Late/Upper Cretaceous🐚 Nkalagu quarries [Agwu Shale]
- Gombe
- Kogi
- Nasarawa
- Plateau
- Taraba
- Yobe
Localities in this Region
- North Region
- Bénoué
- Goroua Group of Plugs
- Ngong
- Mayo-Rey
- Tcholliré
- Gamba
- Tcholliré
- Bénoué
- Southwest Region
- Manyu
- Eyumodjock
- Manyu
- Nasarawa
- Awe
- Azara
- Keana
- Keffi
- Lafia
- Nasarawa
- Niger
- Taraba
- Ibi
- Wukari
- Yobe
Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect
AfricaContinent
African PlateTectonic Plate
- Central African MarginPassive Margin
- Central African OrogenOrogenic Belt
- Tuareg Shield
- Benin-Niger ShieldVolcanic Arc
- Eastern Hoggar BeltVolcanic Arc
- LATEA MetacratonVolcanic Arc
This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to
visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders
for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.
References
Udei Station meteorite, Benue River, Niger, Nigeria