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Malkantu deposit, Wuqia Co. (Ulugqat Co.; Ulughchat Co.), Kezilesu Autonomous Prefecture (Kizilsu Autonomous Prefecture; Qizilsu Autonomous Prefecture), Xinjiang, Chinai
Regional Level Types
Malkantu depositDeposit
Wuqia Co. (Ulugqat Co.; Ulughchat Co.)County
Kezilesu Autonomous Prefecture (Kizilsu Autonomous Prefecture; Qizilsu Autonomous Prefecture)Prefecture
XinjiangAutonomous Region
ChinaCountry

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
39° 22' 30'' North , 74° 1' 0'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
39.37500,74.01667
GRN:
N27E41
Type:
Deposit
Köppen climate type:
ET : Tundra
Mindat Locality ID:
443090
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:443090:5
GUID (UUID V4):
0


hosted by black shale. Separated by two regional faults (Fk and Fu), exposed strata in the Malkansu area can be grouped into three units: (1) a Cambrian to Silurian metamorphic rocks of greenschist to amphibolite facies in the South Kunlun Terrane, (2) a Carboniferous to Permian volcano-sedimentary sequence in the North Kunlun terrane, and (3) a Cretaceous to Neogene terrigenous sedimentary rocks in the Tarim Craton. The Malkansu back-arc basin was filled by Carboniferous to Permian volcano-sedimentary successions. The Mn ore-bearing Kalaatehe Formation represents a transgressive sequence and can be further subdivided into three members. From the bottom up, Member 1 is marked by breccia-bearing limestone, Member 2 is dominated by sandy limestone, and Member 3 consists mainly of organic-rich mudstones (i.e., black shales) hosting Mn ore beds. Direct Re–Os dating of organic matter within the Mn ores yielded an isochron age of 320 ± 7 Ma.

Three layers of Mn ore are hosted in the organic-rich marlstone of the third member that consists of the Kalaatehe Formation in the Malkantu Mn deposit. The Malkantu Mn carbonate deposit is estimated to contain 30 × 106 tons of Mn ore and mainly consists of three laminated ore beds (Mn-1, Mn-2 and Mn-3), with Mn contents ranging from 17.5 to 41.3 wt%.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.


Mineral List


35 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Albite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
ⓘ Anatase
Formula: TiO2
ⓘ 'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
ⓘ Braunite
Formula: Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8
ⓘ Brookite
Formula: TiO2
ⓘ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
ⓘ Celadonite
Formula: K(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
ⓘ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'
ⓘ Ferrihydrite
Formula: Fe3+10O14(OH)2
ⓘ Galena
Formula: PbS
ⓘ Geigerite
Formula: Mn2+5(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 10H2O
ⓘ Goethite
Formula: Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘ Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
ⓘ Jacobsite
Formula: Mn2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘ Johannite
Formula: Cu(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
ⓘ Kutnohorite
Formula: CaMn2+(CO3)2
ⓘ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘ Manjiroite
Formula: Na(Mn4+7Mn3+)O16
ⓘ 'Monazite Group'
Formula: REE(PO4)
ⓘ Montmorillonite
Formula: (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
ⓘ Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ 'Psilomelane'
ⓘ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
ⓘ Pyrolusite
Formula: Mn4+O2
ⓘ Pyrophanite
Formula: Mn2+TiO3
ⓘ Pyroxmangite
Formula: Mn2+SiO3
ⓘ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Rambergite
Formula: MnS
ⓘ Rhodochrosite
Formula: MnCO3
ⓘ Rhodonite
Formula: CaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
ⓘ Romanèchite
Formula: (Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
ⓘ Rutile
Formula: TiO2
ⓘ Serandite
Formula: NaMn2+2Si3O8(OH)
ⓘ Siderite
Formula: FeCO3
ⓘ Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
ⓘ Talc
Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
ⓘ Todorokite
Formula: (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
ⓘ Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘSphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
ⓘChalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
ⓘRambergite2.CB.45MnS
ⓘGalena2.CD.10PbS
ⓘPyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘGoethite4.00.Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘJacobsite4.BB.05Mn2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘMagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘHematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
ⓘPyrophanite4.CB.05Mn2+TiO3
ⓘQuartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘPyrolusite4.DB.05Mn4+O2
ⓘRutile4.DB.05TiO2
ⓘAnatase4.DD.05TiO2
ⓘBrookite4.DD.10TiO2
ⓘManjiroite4.DK.05aNa(Mn4+7Mn3+)O16
ⓘRomanèchite4.DK.10(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
ⓘTodorokite4.DK.10(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
ⓘFerrihydrite4.FE.35Fe3+10O14(OH)2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘCalcite5.AB.05CaCO3
ⓘRhodochrosite5.AB.05MnCO3
ⓘSiderite5.AB.05FeCO3
ⓘKutnohorite5.AB.10CaMn2+(CO3)2
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘJohannite7.EB.05Cu(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘGeigerite8.CE.05Mn2+5(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 10H2O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘZircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
ⓘBraunite9.AG.05Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8
ⓘSerandite9.DG.05NaMn2+2Si3O8(OH)
ⓘRhodonite9.DK.05CaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
ⓘPyroxmangite9.DO.05Mn2+SiO3
ⓘTalc9.EC.05Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
ⓘCeladonite9.EC.15K(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
ⓘMuscovite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘMontmorillonite9.EC.40(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
ⓘAlbite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
Unclassified
ⓘ'Feldspar Group'-
ⓘ'Monazite Group'-REE(PO4)
ⓘ'Psilomelane'-
ⓘ'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ CeladoniteK(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ FerrihydriteFe103+O14(OH)2
Hⓘ GeigeriteMn52+(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 10H2O
Hⓘ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Hⓘ JohanniteCu(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
Hⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Hⓘ Romanèchite(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
Hⓘ SeranditeNaMn22+Si3O8(OH)
Hⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Hⓘ Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Hⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
CCarbon
Cⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Cⓘ KutnohoriteCaMn2+(CO3)2
Cⓘ RhodochrositeMnCO3
Cⓘ SideriteFeCO3
OOxygen
Oⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ AnataseTiO2
Oⓘ BrauniteMn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8
Oⓘ BrookiteTiO2
Oⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Oⓘ CeladoniteK(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ FerrihydriteFe103+O14(OH)2
Oⓘ GeigeriteMn52+(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 10H2O
Oⓘ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Oⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Oⓘ JacobsiteMn2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ JohanniteCu(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
Oⓘ KutnohoriteCaMn2+(CO3)2
Oⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ ManjiroiteNa(Mn74+Mn3+)O16
Oⓘ Monazite GroupREE(PO4)
Oⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Oⓘ PyrolusiteMn4+O2
Oⓘ PyrophaniteMn2+TiO3
Oⓘ PyroxmangiteMn2+SiO3
Oⓘ QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ RhodochrositeMnCO3
Oⓘ RhodoniteCaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Oⓘ Romanèchite(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
Oⓘ RutileTiO2
Oⓘ SeranditeNaMn22+Si3O8(OH)
Oⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Oⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Oⓘ Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Oⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Oⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
FFluorine
Fⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
NaSodium
Naⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Naⓘ ManjiroiteNa(Mn74+Mn3+)O16
Naⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Naⓘ SeranditeNaMn22+Si3O8(OH)
Naⓘ Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ CeladoniteK(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Mgⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Mgⓘ Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
AlAluminium
Alⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Alⓘ Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
SiSilicon
Siⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ BrauniteMn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8
Siⓘ CeladoniteK(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Siⓘ PyroxmangiteMn2+SiO3
Siⓘ QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ RhodoniteCaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Siⓘ SeranditeNaMn22+Si3O8(OH)
Siⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Siⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
PPhosphorus
Pⓘ Monazite GroupREE(PO4)
Pⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
SSulfur
Sⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sⓘ GalenaPbS
Sⓘ JohanniteCu(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
Sⓘ PyriteFeS2
Sⓘ SphaleriteZnS
Sⓘ RambergiteMnS
ClChlorine
Clⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
KPotassium
Kⓘ CeladoniteK(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
CaCalcium
Caⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Caⓘ KutnohoriteCaMn2+(CO3)2
Caⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Caⓘ RhodoniteCaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Caⓘ Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Caⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
TiTitanium
Tiⓘ AnataseTiO2
Tiⓘ BrookiteTiO2
Tiⓘ PyrophaniteMn2+TiO3
Tiⓘ RutileTiO2
MnManganese
Mnⓘ BrauniteMn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8
Mnⓘ GeigeriteMn52+(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 10H2O
Mnⓘ JacobsiteMn2+Fe23+O4
Mnⓘ KutnohoriteCaMn2+(CO3)2
Mnⓘ ManjiroiteNa(Mn74+Mn3+)O16
Mnⓘ PyrolusiteMn4+O2
Mnⓘ PyrophaniteMn2+TiO3
Mnⓘ PyroxmangiteMn2+SiO3
Mnⓘ RhodochrositeMnCO3
Mnⓘ RhodoniteCaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Mnⓘ Romanèchite(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
Mnⓘ SeranditeNaMn22+Si3O8(OH)
Mnⓘ Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Mnⓘ RambergiteMnS
FeIron
Feⓘ CeladoniteK(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
Feⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feⓘ FerrihydriteFe103+O14(OH)2
Feⓘ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Feⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Feⓘ JacobsiteMn2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ PyriteFeS2
Feⓘ SideriteFeCO3
CuCopper
Cuⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cuⓘ JohanniteCu(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
ZnZinc
Znⓘ SphaleriteZnS
AsArsenic
Asⓘ GeigeriteMn52+(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 10H2O
SrStrontium
Srⓘ Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
ZrZirconium
Zrⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
BaBarium
Baⓘ Romanèchite(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
Baⓘ Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
PbLead
Pbⓘ GalenaPbS
UUranium
Uⓘ JohanniteCu(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

AsiaContinent
China
Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate
TurkestanArea

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

[2]Zhao, Ling-Nan; Huang, Qin; Pi, Dao-Hui; Zhang, Yi; Ding, Da-Qing; Ahmet, Sasmaz (2025) Microbially-mediated supergene dissolution and oxidization of solid manganese carbonate in the Malkantu manganese ore deposit in West Kunlun, Northwest China. Ore Geology Reviews, 186. 106855 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106855
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