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Bryn-yr-Afr Mine, Ponterwyd, Trefeirig, Ceredigion, Wales, UKi
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Bryn-yr-Afr Mine | Mine (Abandoned) |
| Ponterwyd | - not defined - |
| Trefeirig | - not defined - |
| Ceredigion | County |
| Wales | Country |
| UK | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
52° 28' 23'' North , 3° 50' 52'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
UK National Grid Reference:
SN745878
Type:
Mine (Abandoned) - last checked 2020
Köppen climate type:
Nearest Settlements:
| Place | Population | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| Capel Bangor | 256 (2017) | 11.4km |
| Bow Street | 1,572 (2017) | 12.7km |
| Machynlleth | 2,235 (2017) | 13.1km |
| Borth | 1,269 (2017) | 13.8km |
| Aberdyfi | 725 (2017) | 15.5km |
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Dyfed; Cardiganshire
Refs: The Old Metal Mines of Mid-Wales Part 3. British Mining No 12, Northern Mines Research Society. UKJMM No17.
The mine is recorded as working from 1879 to 1912 quite late in the history of this 'ore field'. It is belived to have developed a section of the major Hafan Fault/vein system, to a depth of 77 fathoms. With a production of approx 4950 tons of lead ore, and 8115 tons of zinc ore. 4000 tonnes of "marcasite" was produced for the manufacture of sulphur.
Of special interest is the relatively large amount of millerite in the ore (which was not reclaimed) in comparison with other mines in the area. Some ore specimens collected from the dumps recently (2001) show masses of acicular crystals of millerite to 5cms long, embedded in massive sphalerite. Also the occurrence of alpine type cleft minerals, which line small rents to 1cm + in the mudstone/quartz veinstuff. This has lead to other mines in the mid-wales "orefield" also being found with this very early stage mineralisation. Which predates the main sulphide mineralisation period, but is part of the main vein/fault mineralisation in mid-Wales.
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsCommodity List
This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.Mineral List
20 valid minerals.
Detailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ Albite Formula: Na(AlSi3O8) Habit: Tabular, twinned Colour: White-colourless Description: Colourless to white xls to 0.5mm, associated with apatite, rutile, quartz References: |
| ⓘ 'Apatite' Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) Habit: Tabular Colour: Colourless-white References: |
| ⓘ Brochantite Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 Habit: Thin bladed Colour: Emerald green |
| ⓘ Caledonite Formula: Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6 Habit: Thin drusey crusts Colour: light blue Description: Light blue xls to 0.4mm associated with hemimorphite. References: |
| ⓘ Cerussite Formula: PbCO3 Habit: Various Colour: White-colourless Description: Xls to 1cm |
| ⓘ Chalcopyrite Formula: CuFeS2 Habit: Sphenoidal crystals, massive Description: Very rare crystals to 6mm. |
| ⓘ 'Chlorite Group' References: Steve Rust collectionIdentified by Steve Rust: Visual Identification |
| ⓘ Dolomite Formula: CaMg(CO3)2 Habit: Massive Colour: White-creamy, brown |
| ⓘ Galena Formula: PbS Habit: Massive |
| ⓘ Goethite Formula: Fe3+O(OH) Habit: Thin crusts |
| ⓘ Hemimorphite Formula: Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O Habit: Bladed groups Colour: Colourless Description: Colourless bladed xls to 2mm References: |
| ⓘ Jamborite ? Formula: Ni2+1-xCo3+x(OH)2-x(SO4)x · nH2O Habit: Crusts Colour: Yellowish green Description: Occurs as a replacement of millerite References: |
| ⓘ Linarite Formula: PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 Habit: Bladed |
| ⓘ Marcasite Formula: FeS2 Habit: Tabular, bladed References: |
| ⓘ Millerite Formula: NiS Habit: Acicular Description: Acicular freegrown crystals to 5mm, and as embeded crystal to 5cms in massive sphalerite, with massive chalcopyrite. References: |
| ⓘ Muscovite Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 Habit: Thin platy rossets Description: Off white crystal rossets to 1mm, commly staind yellow and red by Fe oxides. References: |
| ⓘ Pyrite Formula: FeS2 Habit: Cubic Description: Large poorly crystalline masses with marcasite to 20cms + from the dumps. Very unstable specimens should be treated to retard pyrite/marcasite rot. |
| ⓘ Pyromorphite Formula: Pb5(PO4)3Cl Habit: Prismatic Colour: White-colourless, colour zoned colourless and brown. References: |
| ⓘ Quartz Formula: SiO2 Habit: Pyramidle crystals Colour: White-colourless, brown |
| ⓘ Rutile Formula: TiO2 References: |
| ⓘ Smithsonite Formula: ZnCO3 Habit: Botryoidal Colour: White |
| ⓘ Sphalerite Formula: ZnS Habit: Massive Colour: Brown |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| ⓘ | Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ | Millerite | 2.CC.20 | NiS |
| ⓘ | Galena | 2.CD.10 | PbS |
| ⓘ | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| ⓘ | Marcasite | 2.EB.10a | FeS2 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Goethite | 4.00. | Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | Rutile | 4.DB.05 | TiO2 |
| ⓘ | Jamborite ? | 4.FL.05 | Ni2+1-xCo3+x(OH)2-x(SO4)x · nH2O |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Smithsonite | 5.AB.05 | ZnCO3 |
| ⓘ | Dolomite | 5.AB.10 | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ | Cerussite | 5.AB.15 | PbCO3 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | Brochantite | 7.BB.25 | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Caledonite | 7.BC.50 | Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Linarite | 7.BC.65 | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates | |||
| ⓘ | Pyromorphite | 8.BN.05 | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Hemimorphite | 9.BD.10 | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| ⓘ | Muscovite | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Albite | 9.FA.35 | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Unclassified | |||
| ⓘ | 'Chlorite Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Apatite' | - | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Caledonite | Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Jamborite | Ni2+1-xCox3+(OH)2-x(SO4)x · nH2O |
| H | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Caledonite | Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6 |
| C | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| C | ⓘ Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Caledonite | Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| O | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Jamborite | Ni2+1-xCox3+(OH)2-x(SO4)x · nH2O |
| O | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Rutile | TiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| P | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| S | ⓘ Caledonite | Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6 |
| S | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| S | ⓘ Jamborite | Ni2+1-xCox3+(OH)2-x(SO4)x · nH2O |
| S | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| S | ⓘ Marcasite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Millerite | NiS |
| S | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| Cl | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| Ti | Titanium | |
| Ti | ⓘ Rutile | TiO2 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Marcasite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Co | Cobalt | |
| Co | ⓘ Jamborite | Ni2+1-xCox3+(OH)2-x(SO4)x · nH2O |
| Ni | Nickel | |
| Ni | ⓘ Jamborite | Ni2+1-xCox3+(OH)2-x(SO4)x · nH2O |
| Ni | ⓘ Millerite | NiS |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | ⓘ Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| Cu | ⓘ Caledonite | Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6 |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| Zn | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Pb | Lead | |
| Pb | ⓘ Caledonite | Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6 |
| Pb | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| Pb | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| Pb | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| Pb | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality
British and Irish IslesGroup of Islands
Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate
- AvaloniaVolcanic Arc
EuropeContinent
UK
- Wales
- Cambrian MountainsMountain Range
- Ceredigion
- Nant-y-Moch Reservoir areaMining Area
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Bryn-yr-Afr Mine, Ponterwyd, Trefeirig, Ceredigion, Wales, UK