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Gardnos impact structure, Nesbyen, Buskerud, Norwayi
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Gardnos impact structure | Impact Structure |
| Nesbyen | Municipality |
| Buskerud | County |
| Norway | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
60° 38' 9'' North , 9° 0' 35'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
Age:
900 ± 400 to Ma
Geologic Time:
Reference for age:
French, B.M., C. Koeberl, I. Gilmour, S.B. Shirey, J.A. Dons & J. Naterstad (1997) The Gardnos impact structure, Norway: petrology and geochemistry of target rocks and impactites. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 61: 873-904.
Köppen climate type:
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Gardnos krateret; Meteorittparken; Garnås
Other Languages:
French:
Cratère de Gardnos, Nesbyen, Buskerud, Norvège
German:
Gardnos, Nesbyen, Buskerud, Norwegen
Norwegian:
Gardnos krateret (Meteorittparken), Nesbyen, Buskerud, Norge
Simplified Chinese:
加德諾斯撞擊坑, 内斯比恩, 布斯克吕郡, 挪威
Danish:
Gardnos krater, Nes , Buskerud, Norge
Norwegian (Nynorsk):
Gardnoskrateret, Nesbyen, Buskerud fylke, Noreg
Polish:
Gardnos, Nes , Buskerud, Norwegia
Romanian:
Craterul Gardnos, Nes, Buskerud, Norvegia
Meteorite impact structure (Late-Proterozoic age) situated in Precambrian gneisses, metabasites and quartzites metamorphosed in amphibolite facies during Grenvillian orogeny (1100 Ma).
In the late Silurian, the crater was overthrust by nappes (Caledonian orogeny), resulting in low-grade metamorphism.
The structure consists of a zone of autochtonous breccias, suevite breccias and crater fill sediments.
Black shocked quartzites from the autochtonous breccias show important impregnation by carbonaceous material derived from a sediment rich in organic matter in shallow sea (black shale-type). In situ reaction between this carbonaceous material and metamorphic fluids (water) led to the formation of methane trapped in quartz planar fractures, which were later healed.
Located beside Rv.7 (Heradvegen), between the cities Nesbyen and Gol.
The central area is now touristic site, Gardnos Meteorittpark with an entrance fee.
Nice outcrops showing the structures of the Gardnos breccia are seen along the Dokkelvi River (inside the park).
No collecting allowed inside the park.
The park is closed from October to May.
However, a waste dump of an hydroelectric tunnel is located nearby (outside the touristic site). Samples of Garnos breccia may be found here. The coordinates for the dump are: 60.634699, 9.0237503.
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsMineral List
9 valid minerals.
Rock Types Recorded
Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!
Select Rock List Type
Alphabetical List Tree DiagramDetailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ 'Biotite' Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| ⓘ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 |
| ⓘ Fluorite Formula: CaF2 |
| ⓘ Graphite Formula: C |
| ⓘ Halite Formula: NaCl Description: Microcrystals in three-phase inclusions of quartz. |
| ⓘ Quartz Formula: SiO2 Description: Abundant planar fractures (shocked quartz) outlined by graphite inclusions and trails of aqueous fluid and methane inclusions. |
| ⓘ Stilpnomelane Formula: (K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O |
| ⓘ Stishovite Formula: SiO2 |
| ⓘ Titanite Formula: CaTi(SiO4)O |
| ⓘ Zircon Formula: Zr(SiO4) |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Graphite | 1.CB.05a | C |
| Group 3 - Halides | |||
| ⓘ | Halite | 3.AA.20 | NaCl |
| ⓘ | Fluorite | 3.AB.25 | CaF2 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | Stishovite | 4.DA.40 | SiO2 |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Zircon | 9.AD.30 | Zr(SiO4) |
| ⓘ | Titanite | 9.AG.15 | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| ⓘ | Stilpnomelane | 9.EG.40 | (K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O |
| Unclassified | |||
| ⓘ | 'Biotite' | - | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| H | ⓘ Stilpnomelane | (K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Graphite | C |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Stilpnomelane | (K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O |
| O | ⓘ Stishovite | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Titanite | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| O | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| F | ⓘ Fluorite | CaF2 |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | ⓘ Halite | NaCl |
| Na | ⓘ Stilpnomelane | (K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Stilpnomelane | (K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Stilpnomelane | (K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Stilpnomelane | (K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O |
| Si | ⓘ Stishovite | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Titanite | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| Si | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | ⓘ Halite | NaCl |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| K | ⓘ Stilpnomelane | (K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Fluorite | CaF2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Stilpnomelane | (K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Titanite | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| Ti | Titanium | |
| Ti | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Titanite | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Stilpnomelane | (K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O |
| Zr | Zirconium | |
| Zr | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
Other Databases
| Wikipedia: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gardnos_crater |
|---|---|
| Wikidata ID: | Q164971 |
Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality
Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate
- Baltic Shield
- Sveconorwegian BeltShield
EuropeContinent
Norway
- ⭔Viken (2020-2023)County
ScandinaviaRegion
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References
Broch, Olaf Anton (1945) Gardnosbreksjen i Hallingdal [The Gardnos breccia in Hallingdal]. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift [Norwegian Journal of Geology], 25. 16-25
Andersen, Tom, Burke, Ernst A.J. (1996) Methane inclusions in shocked quartz from the Gardnos impact breccia, South Norway. European Journal of Mineralogy, 8 (5) 927-936 doi:10.1127/ejm/8/5/0927
French, Bevan M., Koeberl, Christian, Gilmour, Iain, Shirey, Steven B., Dons, Johannes A., Naterstad, Johan (1997) The Gardnos impact structure, Norway: Petrology and geochemistry of target rocks and impactites. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 61 (4) 873-904 doi:10.1016/s0016-7037(96)00382-1
Gardnos impact structure, Nesbyen, Buskerud, Norway