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Skorpion Mine, Rosh Pinah, Oranjemund Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibiai
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Skorpion Mine | Mine |
| Rosh Pinah | Town |
| Oranjemund Constituency | Constituency |
| ǁKaras Region | Region |
| Namibia | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
27° 49' 4'' South , 16° 35' 51'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
Köppen climate type:
The Skorpion mine is an oxidic zinc deposit, the main ore being sauconite.
The mine is located about 40 km north of the Orange River (which forms the border between Namibia and South Africa) and 25 km north-northwest of the Rosh Pinah mine. The host rock is folded metamorphosed arkose, interbedded with tuff and underlain by a non-mineralized limestone.
"Opened in 2000 and operated by Anglo American Corporation, this US$454 million mining operation is expected to produce 150,000 tonnes of high-grade zinc per year over a lifetime of at least 15 years.
It is the largest investment in Namibia since its independence, and is expected to contribute up to 4% to Namibia's GDP."
The mine is located about 40 km north of the Orange River (which forms the border between Namibia and South Africa) and 25 km north-northwest of the Rosh Pinah mine. The host rock is folded metamorphosed arkose, interbedded with tuff and underlain by a non-mineralized limestone.
"Opened in 2000 and operated by Anglo American Corporation, this US$454 million mining operation is expected to produce 150,000 tonnes of high-grade zinc per year over a lifetime of at least 15 years.
It is the largest investment in Namibia since its independence, and is expected to contribute up to 4% to Namibia's GDP."
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsCommodity List
This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.Mineral List
41 valid minerals. 1 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals.
Rock Types Recorded
Select Rock List Type
Alphabetical List Tree DiagramDetailed Mineral List:
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Chalcocite | 2.BA.05 | Cu2S |
| ⓘ | Covellite | 2.CA.05a | CuS |
| ⓘ | Sphalerite var. Schalenblende | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| ⓘ | 2.CB.05a | ZnS | |
| ⓘ | Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ | Greenockite | 2.CB.45 | CdS |
| ⓘ | Pyrrhotite | 2.CC.10 | Fe1-xS |
| ⓘ | Galena | 2.CD.10 | PbS |
| ⓘ | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| Group 3 - Halides | |||
| ⓘ | Atacamite | 3.DA.10a | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| ⓘ | Paratacamite | 3.DA.10c | Cu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2 |
| ⓘ | Herbertsmithite | 3.DA.10c | Cu3Zn(OH)6Cl2 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Goethite | 4.00. | Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ | Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Hetaerolite | 4.BB.10 | ZnMn2O4 |
| ⓘ | var. Hydrohetaerolite | 4.BB.10 | Zn(Mn,◻)2(O,OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Hematite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | Romanèchite | 4.DK.10 | (Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10 |
| ⓘ | Chalcophanite | 4.FL.20 | ZnMn4+3O7 · 3H2O |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Smithsonite | 5.AB.05 | ZnCO3 |
| ⓘ | Azurite | 5.BA.05 | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Malachite | 5.BA.10 | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Parádsasvárite | 5.BA.10 | Zn2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Aurichalcite | 5.BA.15 | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Hydrozincite | 5.BA.15 | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | Baryte | 7.AD.35 | BaSO4 |
| ⓘ | Gypsum | 7.CD.40 | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates | |||
| ⓘ | Zincolibethenite | 8.BB.30 | CuZn(PO4)(OH) |
| ⓘ | Tarbuttite | 8.BB.35 | Zn2(PO4)(OH) |
| ⓘ | Pseudomalachite | 8.BD.05 | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Fluorapatite | 8.BN.05 | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| ⓘ | Hydroxylapatite | 8.BN.05 | Ca5(PO4)3(OH) |
| ⓘ | Scholzite | 8.CA.45 | CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Churchite-(Y) | 8.CJ.50 | Y(PO4) · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Skorpionite (TL) | 8.DO.45 | Ca3Zn2(PO4)2(CO3)(OH)2 · H2O |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Grossular | 9.AD.25 | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | Hemimorphite | 9.BD.10 | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| ⓘ | Muscovite | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | var. Sericite | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Sauconite | 9.EC.45 | Na0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ | Kaolinite | 9.ED.05 | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Chrysocolla | 9.ED.20 | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| Unclassified | |||
| ⓘ | 'Amphibole Supergroup' | - | AB2C5(T8O22)W2 |
| ⓘ | 'Chlorite Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Psilomelane' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Hornblende Root Name Group' | - | ◻Ca2(C2+4C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2 |
| ⓘ | 'Smectite Group' | - | A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O |
| ⓘ | 'Apatite' | - | Ca5(PO4)3A |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Atacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| H | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Chalcophanite | ZnMn34+O7 · 3H2O |
| H | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| H | ⓘ Churchite-(Y) | Y(PO4) · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Hetaerolite var. Hydrohetaerolite | Zn(Mn,◻)2(O,OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Hydroxylapatite | Ca5(PO4)3(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Paratacamite | Cu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2 |
| H | ⓘ Pseudomalachite | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Romanèchite | (Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10 |
| H | ⓘ Sauconite | Na0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| H | ⓘ Scholzite | CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Tarbuttite | Zn2(PO4)(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Smectite Group | A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O |
| H | ⓘ Zincolibethenite | CuZn(PO4)(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Herbertsmithite | Cu3Zn(OH)6Cl2 |
| H | ⓘ Skorpionite | Ca3Zn2(PO4)2(CO3)(OH)2 · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Parádsasvárite | Zn2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| C | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| C | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Skorpionite | Ca3Zn2(PO4)2(CO3)(OH)2 · H2O |
| C | ⓘ Parádsasvárite | Zn2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup | AB2C5(T8O22)W2 |
| O | ⓘ Atacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| O | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Chalcophanite | ZnMn34+O7 · 3H2O |
| O | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| O | ⓘ Churchite-(Y) | Y(PO4) · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| O | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Hetaerolite | ZnMn2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Hetaerolite var. Hydrohetaerolite | Zn(Mn,◻)2(O,OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Hydroxylapatite | Ca5(PO4)3(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Paratacamite | Cu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2 |
| O | ⓘ Pseudomalachite | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Romanèchite | (Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10 |
| O | ⓘ Sauconite | Na0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| O | ⓘ Scholzite | CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Tarbuttite | Zn2(PO4)(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group | ◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2 |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Smectite Group | A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O |
| O | ⓘ Zincolibethenite | CuZn(PO4)(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Herbertsmithite | Cu3Zn(OH)6Cl2 |
| O | ⓘ Skorpionite | Ca3Zn2(PO4)2(CO3)(OH)2 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| O | ⓘ Parádsasvárite | Zn2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | ⓘ Sauconite | Na0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| Al | ⓘ Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Al | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Sauconite | Na0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group | ◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2 |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| Si | ⓘ Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Sauconite | Na0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group | ◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2 |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | ⓘ Churchite-(Y) | Y(PO4) · 2H2O |
| P | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| P | ⓘ Hydroxylapatite | Ca5(PO4)3(OH) |
| P | ⓘ Pseudomalachite | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| P | ⓘ Scholzite | CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| P | ⓘ Tarbuttite | Zn2(PO4)(OH) |
| P | ⓘ Zincolibethenite | CuZn(PO4)(OH) |
| P | ⓘ Skorpionite | Ca3Zn2(PO4)2(CO3)(OH)2 · H2O |
| P | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| S | ⓘ Covellite | CuS |
| S | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| S | ⓘ Greenockite | CdS |
| S | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| S | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| S | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | ⓘ Atacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| Cl | ⓘ Paratacamite | Cu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2 |
| Cl | ⓘ Herbertsmithite | Cu3Zn(OH)6Cl2 |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| Ca | ⓘ Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Hydroxylapatite | Ca5(PO4)3(OH) |
| Ca | ⓘ Scholzite | CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group | ◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Skorpionite | Ca3Zn2(PO4)2(CO3)(OH)2 · H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| Mn | Manganese | |
| Mn | ⓘ Chalcophanite | ZnMn34+O7 · 3H2O |
| Mn | ⓘ Hetaerolite | ZnMn2O4 |
| Mn | ⓘ Hetaerolite var. Hydrohetaerolite | Zn(Mn,◻)2(O,OH)4 |
| Mn | ⓘ Romanèchite | (Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | ⓘ Atacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| Cu | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Cu | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| Cu | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| Cu | ⓘ Covellite | CuS |
| Cu | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Paratacamite | Cu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Pseudomalachite | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| Cu | ⓘ Zincolibethenite | CuZn(PO4)(OH) |
| Cu | ⓘ Herbertsmithite | Cu3Zn(OH)6Cl2 |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Zn | ⓘ Chalcophanite | ZnMn34+O7 · 3H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Hetaerolite | ZnMn2O4 |
| Zn | ⓘ Hetaerolite var. Hydrohetaerolite | Zn(Mn,◻)2(O,OH)4 |
| Zn | ⓘ Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Zn | ⓘ Paratacamite | Cu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2 |
| Zn | ⓘ Sauconite | Na0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Scholzite | CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| Zn | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Zn | ⓘ Tarbuttite | Zn2(PO4)(OH) |
| Zn | ⓘ Zincolibethenite | CuZn(PO4)(OH) |
| Zn | ⓘ Herbertsmithite | Cu3Zn(OH)6Cl2 |
| Zn | ⓘ Skorpionite | Ca3Zn2(PO4)2(CO3)(OH)2 · H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Parádsasvárite | Zn2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Y | Yttrium | |
| Y | ⓘ Churchite-(Y) | Y(PO4) · 2H2O |
| Cd | Cadmium | |
| Cd | ⓘ Greenockite | CdS |
| Ba | Barium | |
| Ba | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| Ba | ⓘ Romanèchite | (Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10 |
| Pb | Lead | |
| Pb | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality
AfricaContinent
African PlateTectonic Plate
- Gariep BeltOrogenic Belt
Namibia
- Tsau ǁKhaeb National ParkNational Park
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References
Borg, G., Karner, K., Buxton, M., Armstrong, R., Merwe, S. W. v. d. (2003) Geology of the Skorpion Supergene Zinc Deposit, Southern Namibia. Economic Geology, 98 (4) 749-771 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.98.4.749
Schingaro, Emanuela, Ventruti, Gennaro, Vinci, Doriana, Balassone, Giuseppina, Mondillo, Nicola, Nieto, Fernando, Lacalamita, Maria, Leoni, Matteo (2021) New insights into the crystal chemistry of sauconite (Zn-smectite) from the Skorpion zinc deposit (Namibia) via a multi-methodological approach. American Mineralogist, 106 (2). 290-300 doi:10.2138/am-2020-7460
Skorpion Mine, Rosh Pinah, Oranjemund Constituency, ǁKaras Region, Namibia