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Cerro Sapo, Ayopaya Province, Cochabamba, Bolivia i
Regional Level Types
Cerro Sapo Mountain
Ayopaya Province Province
Cochabamba Department
Bolivia Country

Regional Level Types
Cerro Sapo	Mountain
Ayopaya Province	Province
Cochabamba	Department
Bolivia	Country

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Mine Entrance

Cerro Sapo, Ayopaya Province, Cochabamba, Bolivia

Amesite

Cerro Sapo, Ayopaya Province, Cochabamba, Bolivia

Amesite

Cerro Sapo, Ayopaya Province, Cochabamba, Bolivia

Mine Entrance

Cerro Sapo, Ayopaya Province, Cochabamba, Bolivia

Amesite

Cerro Sapo, Ayopaya Province, Cochabamba, Bolivia

Amesite

Cerro Sapo, Ayopaya Province, Cochabamba, Bolivia

Mine Entrance

Cerro Sapo, Ayopaya Province, Cochabamba, Bolivia

Amesite

Cerro Sapo, Ayopaya Province, Cochabamba, Bolivia

Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):

16° 56' 49'' South , 66° 52' 27'' West

Latitude & Longitude (decimal):

Type:

Köppen climate type:

Cwb : Subtropical highland climate or temperate oceanic climate with dry winters

Nearest Settlements:

Place	Population	Distance
Quime	2,404 (2012)	36.6km
Colchani	1,074 (2012)	44.3km
Colquiri	3,933 (2013)	55.9km

Mindat Locality ID:

11111

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:2:11111:4

GUID (UUID V4):

Other/historical names associated with this locality:

Cerro Sapo mine

Other Languages:

Spanish:

Mina Cerro Sapo, Provincia de Ayopaya, Cochabamba, Bolivia

One of the few alkaline provinces in the Andes. The interesting minerals are from a large dike, 2 km long and 1-5 m wide, of pegmatitic ankerite-sodalite-barite carbonatite, which cuts a nepheline syenite intrusion and the surrounding hornfels and slate.

Note: This locality is the source of all the sodalite beads found in Inca and pre-Inca ruins ranging from Quito (Ecuador) to Tucuman (Argentina).

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List

ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'

ⓘ 'Apophyllite Group'

ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'

ⓘ 'Hornblende Root Name Group'

54 valid minerals. 1 erroneous literature entry.

Rock Types Recorded

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Aegirine

Formula: NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆

References:

www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens

Schultz, Frank, Lehmann, Bernd, Tawackoli, Sohrab, Rössling, Reinhard, Belyatsky, Boris, Dulski, Peter (2004) Carbonatite diversity in the Central Andes: the Ayopaya alkaline province, Bolivia. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 148 (4) 391-408 doi:10.1007/s00410-004-0612-0

ⓘ Albite

Formula: Na(AlSi₃O₈)

References:

www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens

ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase

Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]

References:

www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens

ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)

Formula: (CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

References:

(from country rock, not the ankerite-sodalite dike)

✪ Amesite

Formula: Mg₂Al(AlSiO₅)(OH)₄

Habit: 6-pointed stars caused by sector twinning

Colour: dark green

Description: Amesite-2H

References:

Petrov, Alfredo (n.d.) Personal Communication.

Laszlo Horvath collection

ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'

Formula: AB₂C₅(T₈O₂₂)W₂

References:

✪ Analcime

Formula: Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O

References:

Petrov, Alfredo (n.d.) Personal Communication.

Laszlo Horvath collection

ⓘ 'Ancylite'

References:

ⓘ Ancylite-(Ce)

Formula: CeSr(CO₃)₂(OH) · H₂O

References:

A.R. Kampf

✪ Ankerite

Formula: Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂

Colour: light green

References:

PARTS, O. C. I. W. (1981). C. PREMOLI. Geología y Metalogénesis de los Depósitos y Manifestaciones¡ IlllS Uraníferos de, 245.

ⓘ 'Apatite'

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃A

References:

F. Ahlfeld

ⓘ 'Apophyllite Group'

Formula: AB₄[Si₈O₂₀]X · 8H₂O

References:

Kempff, O., Paar, W.H., Tawackoli, S.: "Minerales de Bolivia", 115pp (La Paz, 2009)

ⓘ Augite

Formula: (Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆

References:

(from country rock, not the ankerite-sodalite dike)

ⓘ '~~Barkevikite'~~

Description: Discredited, see amphibole

References:

ⓘ Baryte

Formula: BaSO₄

References:

Petrov, Alfredo (n.d.) Personal Communication.

Laszlo Horvath collection

ⓘ Bellbergite

Formula: (K,Ba,Sr)₂Sr₂Ca₂(Ca,Na)₄[Al₃Si₃O₁₂]₆ · 30H₂O

References:

ⓘ 'Biotite'

Formula: K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂

References:

www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens

ⓘ Burbankite

Formula: (Na,Ca)₃(Sr,Ba,Ce)₃(CO₃)₅

References:

Powder XRD and EDS by Dr. Anthony R. Kampf, April-May 2005.

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

References:

Petrov, Alfredo (n.d.) Personal Communication.

Laszlo Horvath collection

ⓘ Cancrinite

Formula: (Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O

References:

Petrov, Alfredo (n.d.) Personal Communication.

Laszlo Horvath collection

ⓘ 'Chabazite'

References:

CMN Collection

ⓘ Chalcopyrite

Formula: CuFeS₂

References:

Petrov, Alfredo (n.d.) Personal Communication.

Laszlo Horvath collection

ⓘ Churchite-(Y)

Formula: Y(PO₄) · 2H₂O

References:

ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)

Formula: (Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x

References:

✪ Dawsonite

Formula: NaAlCO₃(OH)₂

References:

Petrov, Alfredo (n.d.) Personal Communication.

Laszlo Horvath collection

ⓘ Dickite

Formula: Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄

References:

Kempff, O., Paar, W.H., Tawackoli, S.: "Minerales de Bolivia", 115pp (La Paz, 2009)

ⓘ Diopside

Formula: CaMgSi₂O₆

References:

www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens

ⓘ Dolomite

Formula: CaMg(CO₃)₂

References:

RRUFF burbankite specimen

ⓘ Donnayite-(Y)

Formula: NaCaSr₃Y(CO₃)₆ · 3H₂O

References:

A.R. Kampf

ⓘ Edingtonite

Formula: Ba[Al₂Si₃O₁₀] · 4H₂O

References:

A.R. Kampf

ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'

References:

www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens

ⓘ Fluorapatite

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃F

References:

A.R. Kampf

ⓘ Fluorite

Formula: CaF₂

References:

(from country rock, not the ankerite-sodalite dike)

ⓘ Galena

Formula: PbS

References:

Petrov, Alfredo (n.d.) Personal Communication.

Laszlo Horvath collection

ⓘ Goethite

Formula: Fe³⁺O(OH)

References:

(from country rock, not the ankerite-sodalite dike)

ⓘ Gonnardite

Formula: (Na,Ca)₂(Si,Al)₅O₁₀ · 3H₂O

References:

Visual ID by Laszlo Horvath.

ⓘ Goyazite

Formula: SrAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆

References:

Analyses by Dr. Anthony Kampf on Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History specimens and Alfredo Petrov specimens

see also Schultz, F., et al. (2004) Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 148, 391-408.

ⓘ Greenalite

Formula: (Fe²⁺,Fe³⁺)_2-3Si₂O₅(OH)₄

References:

A.R. Kampf

ⓘ Harmotome

Formula: Ba₂(Si₁₂Al₄)O₃₂ · 12H₂O

References:

Powder XRD and EDS by Dr. Anthony R. Kampf, April-May 2005.

ⓘ Hematite

Formula: Fe₂O₃

References:

(from country rock, not the ankerite-sodalite dike)

✪ Hisingerite

Formula: Fe³⁺₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄ · 2H₂O

References:

Petrov, Alfredo (n.d.) Personal Communication.

Laszlo Horvath collection

ⓘ 'Hornblende Root Name Group'

Formula: ◻Ca₂(C²⁺₄C³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)W₂

✪ Krasnovite

Formula: Ba(Al,Mg)(PO₄,CO₃)(OH)₂ · H₂O

Habit: radial-fibrous spheres

Colour: light blue to white

References:

Alfredo Petrov and Matthias Rheinlander specimens

ⓘ Laumontite ?

Formula: CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O

Description: (not analysed) Associated with analcime and nordstrandite.

References:

Petrov, Alfredo (n.d.) Personal Communication.

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

References:

(from country rock, not the ankerite-sodalite dike)

ⓘ 'Mckelveyite'

References:

ⓘ Mckelveyite-(Y)

Formula: NaCaBa₃Y(CO₃)₆ · 3H₂O

References:

Anthony R. Kampf

ⓘ Microcline

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

References:

(from country rock, not the ankerite-sodalite dike)

ⓘ Molybdenite

Formula: MoS₂

References:

(from country rock, not the ankerite-sodalite dike)

ⓘ Natrolite

Formula: Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O

References:

ⓘ Nepheline

Formula: Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)

References:

PARTS, O. C. I. W. (1981). C. PREMOLI. Geología y Metalogénesis de los Depósitos y Manifestaciones¡ IlllS Uraníferos de, 245.

✪ Nordstrandite

Formula: Al(OH)₃

References:

Petrov, Alfredo (n.d.) Personal Communication.

Laszlo Horvath collection

ⓘ Olekminskite

Formula: Sr(Sr,Ca,Ba)(CO₃)₂

References:

Laszlo Horvath

ⓘ Orthoclase

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

References:

www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens

ⓘ Paranatrolite

Formula: Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O

References:

PXRD by John Attard (Attards Minerals)

ⓘ 'Parisite'

Formula: Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂

References:

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

References:

Petrov, Alfredo (n.d.) Personal Communication.

Laszlo Horvath collection

ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Group'

Formula: A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z

References:

(from country rock, not the ankerite-sodalite dyke)

PARTS, O. C. I. W. (1981). C. PREMOLI. Geología y Metalogénesis de los Depósitos y Manifestaciones¡ IlllS Uraníferos de, 245.

ⓘ 'Quintinite-1M'

Formula: Mg₄Al₂(OH)₁₂(CO₃) · 3H₂O

References:

A.R. Kampf

ⓘ Scolecite

Formula: CaAl₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O

References:

PXRD by Alfredo Petrov, July 2016.

ⓘ Siderite

Formula: FeCO₃

References:

Petrov, Alfredo (n.d.) Personal Communication.

Laszlo Horvath collection

✪ Sodalite

Formula: Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl

Habit: Crystals to 9cm

Colour: blue

References:

Petrov, Alfredo (n.d.) Personal Communication.

Laszlo Horvath collection

ⓘ Sphalerite

Formula: ZnS

References:

Petrov, Alfredo (n.d.) Personal Communication.

Laszlo Horvath collection

ⓘ Strontianite

Formula: SrCO₃

References:

Analyses by Dr. Anthony Kampf on Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History specimens and Alfredo Petrov specimens

see also Schultz, F., et al. (2004) Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 148, 391-408.

ⓘ 'Synchysite'

Formula: Ca(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO₃)₂F

References:

ⓘ Thorbastnäsite

Formula: ThCa(CO₃)₂F₂ · 3H₂O

References:

ⓘ Thorite

Formula: Th(SiO₄)

References:

ⓘ Titanite

Formula: CaTiO(SiO₄)

References:

(from country rock, not the ankerite-sodalite dike)

ⓘ Vanadinite

Formula: Pb₅(VO₄)₃Cl

Description: Associated with nordstrandite and paranatrolite.

References:

PXRD and SEM by Dr Anthony Kampf, 02 May 2019.

Gallery:

(Na,Ca)₃(Sr,Ba,Ce)₃(CO₃)₅ⓘ Burbankite

Burbankite

Cerro Sapo, Ayopaya Province, Cochabamba, Bolivia

Burbankite, etc.

Cerro Sapo, Ayopaya Province, Cochabamba, Bolivia

Burbankite

Cerro Sapo, Ayopaya Province, Cochabamba, Bolivia

Burbankite, etc.

Cerro Sapo, Ayopaya Province, Cochabamba, Bolivia

Burbankite

Cerro Sapo, Ayopaya Province, Cochabamba, Bolivia

Burbankite, etc.

Cerro Sapo, Ayopaya Province, Cochabamba, Bolivia

NaCaBa₃Y(CO₃)₆ · 3H₂Oⓘ Mckelveyite-(Y)

Mckelveyite-(Y)

Cerro Sapo, Ayopaya Province, Cochabamba, Bolivia

Mckelveyite-(Y)

Cerro Sapo, Ayopaya Province, Cochabamba, Bolivia

Mckelveyite-(Y)

Cerro Sapo, Ayopaya Province, Cochabamba, Bolivia

Al(OH)₃ⓘ Nordstrandite

Nordstrandite

Cerro Sapo, Ayopaya Province, Cochabamba, Bolivia

Nordstrandite

Cerro Sapo, Ayopaya Province, Cochabamba, Bolivia

Nordstrandite

Cerro Sapo, Ayopaya Province, Cochabamba, Bolivia

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Sphalerite	2.CB.05a	ZnS
ⓘ	Chalcopyrite	2.CB.10a	CuFeS₂
ⓘ	Galena	2.CD.10	PbS
ⓘ	Molybdenite	2.EA.30	MoS₂
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘ	Fluorite	3.AB.25	CaF₂
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	'Pyrochlore Group'	4.00.	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Hematite	4.CB.05	Fe₂O₃
ⓘ	Goethite	4.FD.10	Fe³⁺O(OH)
ⓘ	Nordstrandite	4.FE.10	Al(OH)₃
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Siderite	5.AB.05	FeCO₃
ⓘ	Ankerite	5.AB.10	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	Dolomite	5.AB.10	CaMg(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	Strontianite	5.AB.15	SrCO₃
ⓘ	Olekminskite	5.AB.40	Sr(Sr,Ca,Ba)(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	Burbankite	5.AC.30	(Na,Ca)₃(Sr,Ba,Ce)₃(CO₃)₅
ⓘ	Dawsonite	5.BB.10	NaAlCO₃(OH)₂
ⓘ	Thorbastnäsite	5.BD.20a	ThCa(CO₃)₂F₂ · 3H₂O
ⓘ	Daqingshanite-(Ce)	5.BF.15	(Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x
ⓘ	Donnayite-(Y)	5.CC.05	NaCaSr₃Y(CO₃)₆ · 3H₂O
ⓘ	Mckelveyite-(Y)	5.CC.05	NaCaBa₃Y(CO₃)₆ · 3H₂O
ⓘ	Ancylite-(Ce)	5.DC.05	CeSr(CO₃)₂(OH) · H₂O
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘ	Baryte	7.AD.35	BaSO₄
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘ	Goyazite	8.BL.10	SrAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
ⓘ	Fluorapatite	8.BN.05	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
ⓘ	Vanadinite	8.BN.05	Pb₅(VO₄)₃Cl
ⓘ	Churchite-(Y)	8.CJ.50	Y(PO₄) · 2H₂O
ⓘ	Krasnovite	8.DK.35	Ba(Al,Mg)(PO₄,CO₃)(OH)₂ · H₂O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Thorite	9.AD.30	Th(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Titanite	9.AG.15	CaTiO(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Allanite-(Ce)	9.BG.05b	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Augite	9.DA.15	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Diopside	9.DA.15	CaMgSi₂O₆
ⓘ	Aegirine	9.DA.25	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Dickite	9.ED.05	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
ⓘ	Hisingerite	9.ED.10	Fe³⁺₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄ · 2H₂O
ⓘ	Amesite	9.ED.15	Mg₂Al(AlSiO₅)(OH)₄
ⓘ	Greenalite	9.ED.15	(Fe²⁺,Fe³⁺)_2-3Si₂O₅(OH)₄
ⓘ	Nepheline	9.FA.05	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
ⓘ	Microcline	9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Orthoclase	9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Albite	9.FA.35	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	var. Oligoclase	9.FA.35	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
ⓘ	Cancrinite	9.FB.05	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
ⓘ	Sodalite	9.FB.10	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
ⓘ	Gonnardite	9.GA.05	(Na,Ca)₂(Si,Al)₅O₁₀ · 3H₂O
ⓘ	Natrolite	9.GA.05	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
ⓘ	Paranatrolite	9.GA.05	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
ⓘ	Scolecite	9.GA.05	CaAl₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
ⓘ	Edingtonite	9.GA.15	Ba[Al₂Si₃O₁₀] · 4H₂O
ⓘ	Analcime	9.GB.05	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
ⓘ	Laumontite ?	9.GB.10	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O
ⓘ	Harmotome	9.GC.10	Ba₂(Si₁₂Al₄)O₃₂ · 12H₂O
ⓘ	Bellbergite	9.GD.20	(K,Ba,Sr)₂Sr₂Ca₂(Ca,Na)₄[Al₃Si₃O₁₂]₆ · 30H₂O
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Amphibole Supergroup'	-	AB₂C₅(T₈O₂₂)W₂
ⓘ	'Apophyllite Group'	-	AB₄[Si₈O₂₀]X · 8H₂O
ⓘ	'Biotite'	-	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
ⓘ	'Chabazite'	-
ⓘ	'Mckelveyite'	-
ⓘ	'Barkevikite' ?	-
ⓘ	'Parisite'	-	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
ⓘ	'Synchysite'	-	Ca(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO₃)₂F
ⓘ	'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'	-
ⓘ	'Hornblende Root Name Group'	-	◻Ca₂(C²⁺₄C³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)W₂
ⓘ	'Ancylite'	-
ⓘ	'Apatite'	-	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
ⓘ	'Quintinite-1M'	-	Mg₄Al₂(OH)₁₂(CO₃) · 3H₂O

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Amesite	Mg₂Al(AlSiO₅)(OH)₄
H	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
H	ⓘ Ancylite-(Ce)	CeSr(CO₃)₂(OH) · H₂O
H	ⓘ Apophyllite Group	AB₄[Si₈O₂₀]X · 8H₂O
H	ⓘ Bellbergite	(K,Ba,Sr)₂Sr₂Ca₂(Ca,Na)₄[Al₃Si₃O₁₂]₆ · 30H₂O
H	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
H	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Churchite-(Y)	Y(PO₄) · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)	(Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x
H	ⓘ Dawsonite	NaAlCO₃(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Dickite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
H	ⓘ Donnayite-(Y)	NaCaSr₃Y(CO₃)₆ · 3H₂O
H	ⓘ Edingtonite	Ba[Al₂Si₃O₁₀] · 4H₂O
H	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
H	ⓘ Gonnardite	(Na,Ca)₂(Si,Al)₅O₁₀ · 3H₂O
H	ⓘ Greenalite	(Fe²⁺,Fe³⁺)_2-3Si₂O₅(OH)₄
H	ⓘ Goyazite	SrAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Harmotome	Ba₂(Si₁₂Al₄)O₃₂ · 12H₂O
H	ⓘ Hisingerite	Fe₂³⁺(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Laumontite	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O
H	ⓘ Mckelveyite-(Y)	NaCaBa₃Y(CO₃)₆ · 3H₂O
H	ⓘ Nordstrandite	Al(OH)₃
H	ⓘ Natrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Paranatrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
H	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
H	ⓘ Scolecite	CaAl₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
H	ⓘ Thorbastnäsite	ThCa(CO₃)₂F₂ · 3H₂O
H	ⓘ Krasnovite	Ba(Al,Mg)(PO₄,CO₃)(OH)₂ · H₂O
H	ⓘ Quintinite-1M	Mg₄Al₂(OH)₁₂(CO₃) · 3H₂O
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Ancylite-(Ce)	CeSr(CO₃)₂(OH) · H₂O
C	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Burbankite	(Na,Ca)₃(Sr,Ba,Ce)₃(CO₃)₅
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
C	ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)	(Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x
C	ⓘ Dawsonite	NaAlCO₃(OH)₂
C	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Donnayite-(Y)	NaCaSr₃Y(CO₃)₆ · 3H₂O
C	ⓘ Mckelveyite-(Y)	NaCaBa₃Y(CO₃)₆ · 3H₂O
C	ⓘ Olekminskite	Sr(Sr,Ca,Ba)(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
C	ⓘ Strontianite	SrCO₃
C	ⓘ Thorbastnäsite	ThCa(CO₃)₂F₂ · 3H₂O
C	ⓘ Krasnovite	Ba(Al,Mg)(PO₄,CO₃)(OH)₂ · H₂O
C	ⓘ Parisite	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
C	ⓘ Quintinite-1M	Mg₄Al₂(OH)₁₂(CO₃) · 3H₂O
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Amesite	Mg₂Al(AlSiO₅)(OH)₄
O	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅(T₈O₂₂)W₂
O	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
O	ⓘ Ancylite-(Ce)	CeSr(CO₃)₂(OH) · H₂O
O	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Apophyllite Group	AB₄[Si₈O₂₀]X · 8H₂O
O	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
O	ⓘ Bellbergite	(K,Ba,Sr)₂Sr₂Ca₂(Ca,Na)₄[Al₃Si₃O₁₂]₆ · 30H₂O
O	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
O	ⓘ Burbankite	(Na,Ca)₃(Sr,Ba,Ce)₃(CO₃)₅
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Churchite-(Y)	Y(PO₄) · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)	(Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x
O	ⓘ Dawsonite	NaAlCO₃(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Dickite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
O	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Donnayite-(Y)	NaCaSr₃Y(CO₃)₆ · 3H₂O
O	ⓘ Edingtonite	Ba[Al₂Si₃O₁₀] · 4H₂O
O	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
O	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
O	ⓘ Gonnardite	(Na,Ca)₂(Si,Al)₅O₁₀ · 3H₂O
O	ⓘ Greenalite	(Fe²⁺,Fe³⁺)_2-3Si₂O₅(OH)₄
O	ⓘ Goyazite	SrAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Harmotome	Ba₂(Si₁₂Al₄)O₃₂ · 12H₂O
O	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
O	ⓘ Hisingerite	Fe₂³⁺(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Laumontite	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Mckelveyite-(Y)	NaCaBa₃Y(CO₃)₆ · 3H₂O
O	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
O	ⓘ Nordstrandite	Al(OH)₃
O	ⓘ Natrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Olekminskite	Sr(Sr,Ca,Ba)(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
O	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Paranatrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
O	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
O	ⓘ Scolecite	CaAl₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
O	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
O	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
O	ⓘ Strontianite	SrCO₃
O	ⓘ Thorbastnäsite	ThCa(CO₃)₂F₂ · 3H₂O
O	ⓘ Thorite	Th(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Titanite	CaTiO(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Vanadinite	Pb₅(VO₄)₃Cl
O	ⓘ Krasnovite	Ba(Al,Mg)(PO₄,CO₃)(OH)₂ · H₂O
O	ⓘ Parisite	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
O	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
O	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(C₄²⁺C³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)W₂
O	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
O	ⓘ Quintinite-1M	Mg₄Al₂(OH)₁₂(CO₃) · 3H₂O
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
F	ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)	(Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x
F	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
F	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
F	ⓘ Thorbastnäsite	ThCa(CO₃)₂F₂ · 3H₂O
F	ⓘ Parisite	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Na	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Na	ⓘ Bellbergite	(K,Ba,Sr)₂Sr₂Ca₂(Ca,Na)₄[Al₃Si₃O₁₂]₆ · 30H₂O
Na	ⓘ Burbankite	(Na,Ca)₃(Sr,Ba,Ce)₃(CO₃)₅
Na	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
Na	ⓘ Dawsonite	NaAlCO₃(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Donnayite-(Y)	NaCaSr₃Y(CO₃)₆ · 3H₂O
Na	ⓘ Gonnardite	(Na,Ca)₂(Si,Al)₅O₁₀ · 3H₂O
Na	ⓘ Mckelveyite-(Y)	NaCaBa₃Y(CO₃)₆ · 3H₂O
Na	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Na	ⓘ Natrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
Na	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Na	ⓘ Paranatrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
Na	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Amesite	Mg₂Al(AlSiO₅)(OH)₄
Mg	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
Mg	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Mg	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Mg	ⓘ Krasnovite	Ba(Al,Mg)(PO₄,CO₃)(OH)₂ · H₂O
Mg	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Mg	ⓘ Quintinite-1M	Mg₄Al₂(OH)₁₂(CO₃) · 3H₂O
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Amesite	Mg₂Al(AlSiO₅)(OH)₄
Al	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Al	ⓘ Bellbergite	(K,Ba,Sr)₂Sr₂Ca₂(Ca,Na)₄[Al₃Si₃O₁₂]₆ · 30H₂O
Al	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Al	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
Al	ⓘ Dawsonite	NaAlCO₃(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Dickite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Al	ⓘ Edingtonite	Ba[Al₂Si₃O₁₀] · 4H₂O
Al	ⓘ Gonnardite	(Na,Ca)₂(Si,Al)₅O₁₀ · 3H₂O
Al	ⓘ Goyazite	SrAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
Al	ⓘ Harmotome	Ba₂(Si₁₂Al₄)O₃₂ · 12H₂O
Al	ⓘ Laumontite	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O
Al	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Al	ⓘ Nordstrandite	Al(OH)₃
Al	ⓘ Natrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
Al	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Al	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Paranatrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
Al	ⓘ Scolecite	CaAl₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
Al	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
Al	ⓘ Krasnovite	Ba(Al,Mg)(PO₄,CO₃)(OH)₂ · H₂O
Al	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(C₄²⁺C³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)W₂
Al	ⓘ Quintinite-1M	Mg₄Al₂(OH)₁₂(CO₃) · 3H₂O
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Amesite	Mg₂Al(AlSiO₅)(OH)₄
Si	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Si	ⓘ Apophyllite Group	AB₄[Si₈O₂₀]X · 8H₂O
Si	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Bellbergite	(K,Ba,Sr)₂Sr₂Ca₂(Ca,Na)₄[Al₃Si₃O₁₂]₆ · 30H₂O
Si	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Si	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
Si	ⓘ Dickite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Si	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Edingtonite	Ba[Al₂Si₃O₁₀] · 4H₂O
Si	ⓘ Gonnardite	(Na,Ca)₂(Si,Al)₅O₁₀ · 3H₂O
Si	ⓘ Greenalite	(Fe²⁺,Fe³⁺)_2-3Si₂O₅(OH)₄
Si	ⓘ Harmotome	Ba₂(Si₁₂Al₄)O₃₂ · 12H₂O
Si	ⓘ Hisingerite	Fe₂³⁺(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄ · 2H₂O
Si	ⓘ Laumontite	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O
Si	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Si	ⓘ Natrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
Si	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Si	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Paranatrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
Si	ⓘ Scolecite	CaAl₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
Si	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
Si	ⓘ Thorite	Th(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Titanite	CaTiO(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Si	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(C₄²⁺C³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)W₂
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Churchite-(Y)	Y(PO₄) · 2H₂O
P	ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)	(Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x
P	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
P	ⓘ Goyazite	SrAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
P	ⓘ Krasnovite	Ba(Al,Mg)(PO₄,CO₃)(OH)₂ · H₂O
P	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
S	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
S	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
S	ⓘ Galena	PbS
S	ⓘ Molybdenite	MoS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
Cl	ⓘ Vanadinite	Pb₅(VO₄)₃Cl
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Bellbergite	(K,Ba,Sr)₂Sr₂Ca₂(Ca,Na)₄[Al₃Si₃O₁₂]₆ · 30H₂O
K	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
K	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
K	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
K	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ca	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Bellbergite	(K,Ba,Sr)₂Sr₂Ca₂(Ca,Na)₄[Al₃Si₃O₁₂]₆ · 30H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Burbankite	(Na,Ca)₃(Sr,Ba,Ce)₃(CO₃)₅
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)	(Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x
Ca	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Donnayite-(Y)	NaCaSr₃Y(CO₃)₆ · 3H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
Ca	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
Ca	ⓘ Gonnardite	(Na,Ca)₂(Si,Al)₅O₁₀ · 3H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Laumontite	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Mckelveyite-(Y)	NaCaBa₃Y(CO₃)₆ · 3H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Olekminskite	Sr(Sr,Ca,Ba)(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Ca	ⓘ Scolecite	CaAl₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Thorbastnäsite	ThCa(CO₃)₂F₂ · 3H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Titanite	CaTiO(SiO₄)
Ca	ⓘ Parisite	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
Ca	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(C₄²⁺C³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)W₂
Ca	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Ti	ⓘ Titanite	CaTiO(SiO₄)
V	Vanadium
V	ⓘ Vanadinite	Pb₅(VO₄)₃Cl
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Fe	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
Fe	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Fe	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
Fe	ⓘ Greenalite	(Fe²⁺,Fe³⁺)_2-3Si₂O₅(OH)₄
Fe	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
Fe	ⓘ Hisingerite	Fe₂³⁺(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄ · 2H₂O
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
Fe	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Zn	Zinc
Zn	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
Sr	Strontium
Sr	ⓘ Ancylite-(Ce)	CeSr(CO₃)₂(OH) · H₂O
Sr	ⓘ Bellbergite	(K,Ba,Sr)₂Sr₂Ca₂(Ca,Na)₄[Al₃Si₃O₁₂]₆ · 30H₂O
Sr	ⓘ Burbankite	(Na,Ca)₃(Sr,Ba,Ce)₃(CO₃)₅
Sr	ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)	(Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x
Sr	ⓘ Donnayite-(Y)	NaCaSr₃Y(CO₃)₆ · 3H₂O
Sr	ⓘ Goyazite	SrAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
Sr	ⓘ Olekminskite	Sr(Sr,Ca,Ba)(CO₃)₂
Sr	ⓘ Strontianite	SrCO₃
Y	Yttrium
Y	ⓘ Churchite-(Y)	Y(PO₄) · 2H₂O
Y	ⓘ Donnayite-(Y)	NaCaSr₃Y(CO₃)₆ · 3H₂O
Y	ⓘ Mckelveyite-(Y)	NaCaBa₃Y(CO₃)₆ · 3H₂O
Nb	Niobium
Nb	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
Mo	Molybdenum
Mo	ⓘ Molybdenite	MoS₂
Ba	Barium
Ba	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
Ba	ⓘ Bellbergite	(K,Ba,Sr)₂Sr₂Ca₂(Ca,Na)₄[Al₃Si₃O₁₂]₆ · 30H₂O
Ba	ⓘ Burbankite	(Na,Ca)₃(Sr,Ba,Ce)₃(CO₃)₅
Ba	ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)	(Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x
Ba	ⓘ Edingtonite	Ba[Al₂Si₃O₁₀] · 4H₂O
Ba	ⓘ Harmotome	Ba₂(Si₁₂Al₄)O₃₂ · 12H₂O
Ba	ⓘ Mckelveyite-(Y)	NaCaBa₃Y(CO₃)₆ · 3H₂O
Ba	ⓘ Olekminskite	Sr(Sr,Ca,Ba)(CO₃)₂
Ba	ⓘ Krasnovite	Ba(Al,Mg)(PO₄,CO₃)(OH)₂ · H₂O
La	Lanthanum
La	ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)	(Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x
La	ⓘ Parisite	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
Ce	Cerium
Ce	ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ce	ⓘ Ancylite-(Ce)	CeSr(CO₃)₂(OH) · H₂O
Ce	ⓘ Burbankite	(Na,Ca)₃(Sr,Ba,Ce)₃(CO₃)₅
Ce	ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)	(Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x
Ce	ⓘ Parisite	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
Nd	Neodymium
Nd	ⓘ Parisite	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
Pb	Lead
Pb	ⓘ Galena	PbS
Pb	ⓘ Vanadinite	Pb₅(VO₄)₃Cl
Th	Thorium
Th	ⓘ Thorbastnäsite	ThCa(CO₃)₂F₂ · 3H₂O
Th	ⓘ Thorite	Th(SiO₄)

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

Altiplano PlateTectonic Plate

South AmericaContinent

AndesMountain Range

South America Plate

Andean ProvinceGeologic Province
Eastern CordilleraOrogenic Belt

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References

Ahlfeld, F., Wegner, R.N.R. (1931) Über die Herkunft der im Bereich altperuanischer Kulturen gefundenen Schmuckstücke aus Sodalith. Z. Ethnologie, 63, 288-296.

Brendler, W. (1932) Über Sodalith vom Cerro Sapo, Bolivien. Zentralblatt Mineralogie, Geologie, Paläontologie, 1932 A, pp. 42-46.

Brendler, Wolfgang (1934) Sodalite from Bolivia. American Mineralogist, 19 (1). 28-31

Jaroslav Hyrsl and Alfredo Petrov (1999) Sodalite from Bolivia. Canadian Gemmologist, 20 (2), 54-56.

Schultz, F., Lehmann, B., Tawackoli, S., Rössling, R., Matos Salina, R., Belyatsky, B. (2002) The Ayopaya alkaline province: Carbonatites, kimberlites and nepheline syenitic rock association in the Eastern Andes of Bolivia. Berichte der Deutschen Mineralogischen Gesellschaft, Beihefte European Journal of Mineralogy, 14 (1), p. 148.

Schultz, F. (2004) Petrologie der Ayopaya-Alkaligesteinsprovinz, Ostanden/Bolivien. Dissertation TU Clausthal, 124 pp.

Alfredo Petrov (2009) The Cerro Sapo Sodalite Deposit: A Pre-Columbian Gem Mine. (in: Bolivia - the Height of Mineral Collecting. pp 80-84. Lithographie, LLC, Denver, Colorado)

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Cerro Sapo, Ayopaya Province, Cochabamba, BoliviaiRegional Level TypesCerro SapoMountain Ayopaya ProvinceProvince CochabambaDepartment BoliviaCountry function showexplain() { $("#locexplain").toggle(); if (typeof movemap === "function") movemap(); }

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Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

References

Cerro Sapo, Ayopaya Province, Cochabamba, Bolivia i
Regional Level Types
Cerro Sapo Mountain
Ayopaya Province Province
Cochabamba Department
Bolivia Country