Woolley, A. R. (1969). Some aspects of fenitization with particular reference to Chilwa Island and Kangankunde, Malawi. British Museum (Natural History), Mineralogy, 2, 189-219.

Woolley, A. R.; Jones, G. C. (1987) The petrochemistry of the northern part of the Chilwa alkaline province, Malawi, in Alkaline Igneous Rocks. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30 (1). 335-355 doi:10.1144/gsl.sp.1987.030.01.16

SIMONETTI, A., BELL, K. (1994) Isotopic and Geochemical Investigation of the Chilwa Island Carbonatite Complex, Malawi: Evidence for a Depleted Mantle Source Region, Liquid Immiscibility, and Open-System Behaviour. Journal of Petrology, 35 (6) 1597-1621 doi:10.1093/petrology/35.6.1597

Eby, G.N., Roden-Tice, M., Krueger, H.L., Ewing, W., Faxon, E.H., Woolley, A.R. (1995) Geochronology and cooling history of the northern part of the Chilwa Alkaline Province, Malawi. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 20 (3) 275-288 doi:10.1016/0899-5362(95)00054-w

ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase

Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Garson, M. S., & Smith, C. W. (1958). Chilwa Island: Geol. Surv. Nyasald., Mem, 1.

SNELLING, N. J. (1965) Age Determinations on Three African Carbonatites. Nature, 205 (4970). 491 doi:10.1038/205491a0

Woolley, A. R. (1969). Some aspects of fenitization with particular reference to Chilwa Island and Kangankunde, Malawi. British Museum (Natural History), Mineralogy, 2, 189-219.

ⓘ 'Alkali Feldspar'

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

alkcarb.myrocks.info (n.d.) https://alkcarb.myrocks.info/node/2081

ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'

Formula: AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂

Localities:

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Mpyupyu Hill, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Andradite

Formula: Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Berger, Vladimir I.; Singer, Donald A.; Orris, Greta J. (2009) Carbonatites of the World, Explored Deposits of Nb and REE—Database and Grade and Tonnage Models . Open-File Report 2009-1139. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr20091139

ⓘ Andradite var. Melanite

Formula: Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Garson, M. S., & Smith, C. W. (1958). Chilwa Island: Geol. Surv. Nyasald., Mem, 1.

SNELLING, N. J. (1965) Age Determinations on Three African Carbonatites. Nature, 205 (4970). 491 doi:10.1038/205491a0

Woolley, A. R. (1969). Some aspects of fenitization with particular reference to Chilwa Island and Kangankunde, Malawi. British Museum (Natural History), Mineralogy, 2, 189-219.

ⓘ Ankerite

Formula: Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Garson, M. S., & Smith, C. W. (1958). Chilwa Island: Geol. Surv. Nyasald., Mem, 1.

SNELLING, N. J. (1965) Age Determinations on Three African Carbonatites. Nature, 205 (4970). 491 doi:10.1038/205491a0

Woolley, A. R. (1969). Some aspects of fenitization with particular reference to Chilwa Island and Kangankunde, Malawi. British Museum (Natural History), Mineralogy, 2, 189-219.

Dowman, E., Wall, F., Treloar, P. J., Rankin, A. H., & Corkhill, C. (2017). Rare-earth mobility as a result of multiple phases of fluid activity in fenite around the Chilwa Island Carbonatite, Malawi. Mineralogical Magazine, 81(6), 1367-1395.

ⓘ Annite

Formula: KFe²⁺₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ 'Apatite'

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃A

Localities:

Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ 'Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite'

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

ⓘ Arfvedsonite

Formula: [Na][Na₂][Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂

Localities:

Chisenga Ridge, Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Astrophyllite

Formula: K₂NaFe²⁺₇Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄F

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Guastoni, A., & Pezzotta, F. (2007). REE-mineral phases replacing helvite, niobian-rutile, bastnäsite-(Ce) from alkaline pegmatites of Mount Malosa, Zomba District, Malawi. Granitic Pegmatites: the State of the Art. Memorias, 8, 42-43.

Guastoni, A., Nestola, F., Giaretta, A. (2009) Mineral chemistry and alteration of rare earth element (REE) carbonates from alkaline pegmatites of Mount Malosa, Malawi. American Mineralogist, 94 (8) 1216-1222 doi:10.2138/am.2009.3185

alkcarb.myrocks.info (n.d.) https://alkcarb.myrocks.info/node/2081

ⓘ Augite

Formula: (Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Garson, M. S., & Smith, C. W. (1958). Chilwa Island: Geol. Surv. Nyasald., Mem, 1.

SNELLING, N. J. (1965) Age Determinations on Three African Carbonatites. Nature, 205 (4970). 491 doi:10.1038/205491a0

Woolley, A. R. (1969). Some aspects of fenitization with particular reference to Chilwa Island and Kangankunde, Malawi. British Museum (Natural History), Mineralogy, 2, 189-219.

ⓘ Barylite

Formula: Be₂Ba(Si₂O₇)

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Habit: platy

Colour: colorless

Description: < 2 cm long crystals

References:

Demartin, F.

Demartin, Francesco; Guastoni, Alessandro; Pezzotta, Federico (2003) Barylith, Niobophyllit & yttriumreicher Milarit - Neufunde aus den Pegmatiten von Zomba-Malosa, Malawi [Barylite, niobophyllite & yttrium-rich milarite - new finds from the pegmatites of Zomba-Malosa, Malawi]. Lapis, 28 (1). 18-21; 58

ⓘ Baryte

Formula: BaSO₄

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Garson, M. S., & Smith, C. W. (1958). Chilwa Island: Geol. Surv. Nyasald., Mem, 1.

SNELLING, N. J. (1965) Age Determinations on Three African Carbonatites. Nature, 205 (4970). 491 doi:10.1038/205491a0

Woolley, A. R. (1969). Some aspects of fenitization with particular reference to Chilwa Island and Kangankunde, Malawi. British Museum (Natural History), Mineralogy, 2, 189-219.

ⓘ 'Bastnäsite'

Formula: (Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO₃)F

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Garson, M. S., & Smith, C. W. (1958). Chilwa Island: Geol. Surv. Nyasald., Mem, 1.

SNELLING, N. J. (1965) Age Determinations on Three African Carbonatites. Nature, 205 (4970). 491 doi:10.1038/205491a0

Woolley, A. R. (1969). Some aspects of fenitization with particular reference to Chilwa Island and Kangankunde, Malawi. British Museum (Natural History), Mineralogy, 2, 189-219.

Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189

ⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce)

Formula: Ce(CO₃)F

Localities:

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ 'Biotite'

Formula: K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂

Localities:

Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Mpyupyu Hill, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

Localities:

Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Cancrinite

Formula: (Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Garson, M. S., & Smith, C. W. (1958). Chilwa Island: Geol. Surv. Nyasald., Mem, 1.

SNELLING, N. J. (1965) Age Determinations on Three African Carbonatites. Nature, 205 (4970). 491 doi:10.1038/205491a0

Woolley, A. R. (1969). Some aspects of fenitization with particular reference to Chilwa Island and Kangankunde, Malawi. British Museum (Natural History), Mineralogy, 2, 189-219.

ⓘ Cassiterite

Formula: SnO₂

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Demartin, F.

✪ Caysichite-(Y)

Formula: (Ca,Yb,Er)₄Y₄(Si₈O₂₀)(CO₃)₆(OH) · 7H₂O

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Description: Outstanding specimens and largest crystals known for the species

References:

Massanek, Andreas (1999) Neu aus Malawi: Caysichit-(Y) [New from Malawi: Caysichit-(Y)]. Lapis, 24 (4). 33

Cairncross, Bruce (2002) Aegirine and Associated Minerals from Mount Malosa, Malawi. Rocks & Minerals, 77 (1) 31-37 doi:10.1080/00357529.2002.9926653

ⓘ Cerianite-(Ce)

Formula: (Ce⁴⁺,Th)O₂

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

ⓘ 'Chevkinite Group'

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

alkcarb.myrocks.info (n.d.) https://alkcarb.myrocks.info/node/2081

ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Jewel Tunnel specimens, visual ID by Alfredo Petrov.Identified by Alfredo Petrov: Visual Identification

ⓘ Churchite-(Y)

Formula: Y(PO₄) · 2H₂O

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Färber, Gunnar (n.d.) Personal Communication, Gunnar Färber Mineralien.

ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Garson, M. S., & Smith, C. W. (1958). Chilwa Island: Geol. Surv. Nyasald., Mem, 1.

SNELLING, N. J. (1965) Age Determinations on Three African Carbonatites. Nature, 205 (4970). 491 doi:10.1038/205491a0

Woolley, A. R. (1969). Some aspects of fenitization with particular reference to Chilwa Island and Kangankunde, Malawi. British Museum (Natural History), Mineralogy, 2, 189-219.

ⓘ 'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series'

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Garson, M. S., & Smith, C. W. (1958). Chilwa Island: Geol. Surv. Nyasald., Mem, 1.

SNELLING, N. J. (1965) Age Determinations on Three African Carbonatites. Nature, 205 (4970). 491 doi:10.1038/205491a0

Woolley, A. R. (1969). Some aspects of fenitization with particular reference to Chilwa Island and Kangankunde, Malawi. British Museum (Natural History), Mineralogy, 2, 189-219.

ⓘ Cordylite-(Ce)

Formula: NaBaCe₂(CO₃)₄F

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

A. Guastoni pers. comm. 2007 & Horváth specimen P. Kartashov probe anal.

ⓘ ~~Dingdaohengite-(Ce)~~

Formula: (Ce,La)₄Fe²⁺(Ti,Fe²⁺,Mg,Fe³⁺)₂Ti₂(Si₂O₇)₂O₈

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi - erroneously reported

Description: http://www.mindat.org/mesg-104-349194.html

References:

Färber, Gunnar (n.d.) Personal Communication, Gunnar Färber Mineralien.

ⓘ Diopside

Formula: CaMgSi₂O₆

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

alkcarb.myrocks.info (n.d.) https://alkcarb.myrocks.info/node/2081

ⓘ Elpidite

Formula: Na₂ZrSi₆O₁₅ · 3H₂O

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Epididymite

Formula: Na₂Be₂Si₆O₁₅ · H₂O

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Cairncross, Bruce; Messner, Karl; Farquharson, Eric (1999) Die Pegmatite des Mount Malosa bei Zomba, Malawi [The pegmatites of Mount Malosa near Zomba, Malawi]. Lapis, 24 (4). 22-32; 50

Cairncross, Bruce (2002) Aegirine and Associated Minerals from Mount Malosa, Malawi. Rocks & Minerals, 77 (1) 31-37 doi:10.1080/00357529.2002.9926653

Gatta, G. D., Rotiroti, N., McIntyre, G.J., Guastoni, A., Nestola, F. (2008) New insights into the crystal chemistry of epididymite and eudidymite from Malosa, Malawi: A single-crystal neutron diffraction study. American Mineralogist, 93 (7) 1158-1165 doi:10.2138/am.2008.2965

ⓘ Epidote

Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Cairncross, Bruce (2002) Aegirine and Associated Minerals from Mount Malosa, Malawi. Rocks & Minerals, 77 (1) 31-37 doi:10.1080/00357529.2002.9926653

ⓘ Eudialyte

Formula: Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Cairncross, Bruce; Messner, Karl; Farquharson, Eric (1999) Die Pegmatite des Mount Malosa bei Zomba, Malawi [The pegmatites of Mount Malosa near Zomba, Malawi]. Lapis, 24 (4). 22-32; 50

✪ Eudidymite

Formula: Na₂Be₂Si₆O₁₅ · H₂O

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Description: Outstanding specimens and the largest known crystals for the species.

References:

Schwab, Pierre-Nicolas (1997) What's New in Minerals - Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines Show 1996. The Mineralogical Record, 28 (1) 63-65

Cairncross, Bruce; Messner, Karl; Farquharson, Eric (1999) Die Pegmatite des Mount Malosa bei Zomba, Malawi [The pegmatites of Mount Malosa near Zomba, Malawi]. Lapis, 24 (4). 22-32; 50

ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)

Formula: (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Johnson, O., Stahl, K., Petersen, O. V., Micheelsen, H. I. (1999): Structure refinement of natural non-metamict polycrase-(Y) from Zomba-Malosa complex, Malawi. Neues Jahrb. Mineral., Monatsh. 1999, 1-10.

ⓘ Fayalite

Formula: Fe²⁺₂(SiO₄)

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

alkcarb.myrocks.info (n.d.) https://alkcarb.myrocks.info/node/2081

ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Garson, M. S., & Smith, C. W. (1958). Chilwa Island: Geol. Surv. Nyasald., Mem, 1.

SNELLING, N. J. (1965) Age Determinations on Three African Carbonatites. Nature, 205 (4970). 491 doi:10.1038/205491a0

Woolley, A. R. (1969). Some aspects of fenitization with particular reference to Chilwa Island and Kangankunde, Malawi. British Museum (Natural History), Mineralogy, 2, 189-219.

ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'

Localities:

Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ 'Feldspar Group var. Perthite'

Localities:

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Fergusonite-(Y)

Formula: YNbO₄

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Cairncross, Bruce; Messner, Karl; Farquharson, Eric (1999) Die Pegmatite des Mount Malosa bei Zomba, Malawi [The pegmatites of Mount Malosa near Zomba, Malawi]. Lapis, 24 (4). 22-32; 50

Cairncross, Bruce (2002) Aegirine and Associated Minerals from Mount Malosa, Malawi. Rocks & Minerals, 77 (1) 31-37 doi:10.1080/00357529.2002.9926653

ⓘ 'Florencite'

Localities:

Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Python Island, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Fluorapatite

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃F

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

ⓘ Fluorite

Formula: CaF₂

Localities:

Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Fluoro-riebeckite

Formula: ◻{Na₂}{Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂}(Si₈O₂₂)F₂

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Analyzed by Jean-Francois CarpentierIdentification: XRD

ⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)

Formula: Y₂Fe²⁺Be₂Si₂O₁₀

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

ⓘ Galena

Formula: PbS

Localities:

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Genthelvite

Formula: Be₃Zn₄(SiO₄)₃S

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Guastoni, Alessandro; Demarin, Francesco; Pezzotta, Federico (2004) Mineralogische Neuigkeiten aus Zomba, Malawi (2003) [Mineralogical News from Zomba, Malawi (2003)]. Lapis, 29 (1). 37-38; 58

ⓘ Goethite

Formula: Fe³⁺O(OH)

Localities:

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Python Island, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Goyazite

Formula: SrAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

ⓘ Hedenbergite

Formula: CaFe²⁺Si₂O₆

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

alkcarb.myrocks.info (n.d.) https://alkcarb.myrocks.info/node/2081

ⓘ Helvine

Formula: Be₃Mn²⁺₄(SiO₄)₃S

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Guastoni A., Pezzotta F., Demartin F., 2003. Le pegmatiti di Zomba-Malosa (Malawi). Riv. Mineral. Ital., 27 (2): 66-77.

ⓘ Hematite

Formula: Fe₂O₃

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Description: replacing pyrite

References:

Petersen, O.V., Rønsbo, J.G., Leonardsen, E.S. (1994) Hingganite-(Y) from the Zomba-Malosa complex, Malawi. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Monatshefte, 1994 (4) 185-192

ⓘ Hingganite-(Y)

Formula: (Y,REE,Ca)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Habit: 1 mm crystals in fan- and sheafshaped aggregates up to 2 mm. Dominating forms: {110} and {111}

Colour: pale bluish

References:

Petersen, O.V., Rønsbo, J.G., Leonardsen, E.S. (1994) Hingganite-(Y) from the Zomba-Malosa complex, Malawi. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Monatshefte, 1994 (4) 185-192

ⓘ 'Hornblende Root Name Group'

Formula: ◻Ca₂(Z²⁺₄Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂

Localities:

Mpyupyu Hill, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Ilmenite

Formula: Fe²⁺TiO₃

Localities:

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Kainosite-(Y)

Formula: Ca₂Y₂(SiO₃)₄(CO₃) · H₂O

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Guastoni, Alessandro; Demarin, Francesco; Pezzotta, Federico (2004) Mineralogische Neuigkeiten aus Zomba, Malawi (2003) [Mineralogical News from Zomba, Malawi (2003)]. Lapis, 29 (1). 37-38; 58

ⓘ 'K Feldspar'

Localities:

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Habit: blocky to short prismatic crystals

Colour: greyish

Description: often twinned according to the Manebach law

ⓘ 'Limonite'

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

alkcarb.myrocks.info (n.d.) https://alkcarb.myrocks.info/node/2081

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Garson, M. S., & Smith, C. W. (1958). Chilwa Island: Geol. Surv. Nyasald., Mem, 1.

SNELLING, N. J. (1965) Age Determinations on Three African Carbonatites. Nature, 205 (4970). 491 doi:10.1038/205491a0

Woolley, A. R. (1969). Some aspects of fenitization with particular reference to Chilwa Island and Kangankunde, Malawi. British Museum (Natural History), Mineralogy, 2, 189-219.

Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189

ⓘ 'Manganese Oxides'

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Jewel Tunnel specimensIdentified by Alfredo Petrov: Visual Identification

ⓘ 'Manganese Oxides var. Manganese Dendrites'

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Jewel Tunnel specimensIdentified by Alfredo Petrov: Visual Identification

ⓘ Manganoneptunite ?

Formula: KNa₂Li(Mn²⁺)₂Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Colour: black, shiny

Description: Described by Petersen et al (1994) without any chemical anlysis, but x-ray pattern suggested manganoneptunite

References:

Petersen, O.V., Rønsbo, J.G., Leonardsen, E.S. (1994) Hingganite-(Y) from the Zomba-Malosa complex, Malawi. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Monatshefte, 1994 (4) 185-192

ⓘ 'Mica Group'

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Garson, M. S., & Smith, C. W. (1958). Chilwa Island: Geol. Surv. Nyasald., Mem, 1.

SNELLING, N. J. (1965) Age Determinations on Three African Carbonatites. Nature, 205 (4970). 491 doi:10.1038/205491a0

Woolley, A. R. (1969). Some aspects of fenitization with particular reference to Chilwa Island and Kangankunde, Malawi. British Museum (Natural History), Mineralogy, 2, 189-219.

ⓘ Microcline

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

Localities:

Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Chisenga Ridge, Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Chingasa, Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Kuchingwe, Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

Localities:

Chingasa, Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Milarite

Formula: K(◻H₂O)Ca₂(Be₂Al)[Si₁₂O₃₀]

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Description: Y-rich: K(Ca,Y)2(Be,Al)2[Si12O30]

References:

Demartin, F.

ⓘ Monazite-(Ce)

Formula: Ce(PO₄)

Localities:

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Monazite-(La)

Formula: La(PO₄)

Localities:

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Muscovite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data (2013)

ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite

Formula: K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

M.E. Ciriotti (2006) Probed

ⓘ Nepheline

Formula: Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Garson, M. S., & Smith, C. W. (1958). Chilwa Island: Geol. Surv. Nyasald., Mem, 1.

SNELLING, N. J. (1965) Age Determinations on Three African Carbonatites. Nature, 205 (4970). 491 doi:10.1038/205491a0

Woolley, A. R. (1969). Some aspects of fenitization with particular reference to Chilwa Island and Kangankunde, Malawi. British Museum (Natural History), Mineralogy, 2, 189-219.

ⓘ Niobophyllite

Formula: K₂NaFe²⁺₇(NbTi)[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄O

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Description: Much labelled "Niobophyllite" is not. Please see: https://www.mindat.org/forum.php?read,6,423443,423443,page=1#msg-423443

References:

Demartin, F.

ⓘ Orthoclase

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

Localities:

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ 'Parisite'

Formula: Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂

Localities:

Chitukani Cliff, Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Kuchingwe, Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Parisite-(Ce)

Formula: CaCe₂(CO₃)₃F₂

Localities:

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Description: Many "parisites" are pseudomorphs after muscovite. Please see: https://www.mindat.org/forum.php?read,106,325357,325535#msg-325535

ⓘ Phlogopite

Formula: KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Garson, M. S., & Smith, C. W. (1958). Chilwa Island: Geol. Surv. Nyasald., Mem, 1.

SNELLING, N. J. (1965) Age Determinations on Three African Carbonatites. Nature, 205 (4970). 491 doi:10.1038/205491a0

Woolley, A. R. (1969). Some aspects of fenitization with particular reference to Chilwa Island and Kangankunde, Malawi. British Museum (Natural History), Mineralogy, 2, 189-219.

ⓘ 'Plagioclase'

Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

ⓘ Polylithionite

Formula: KLi₂Al(Si₄O₁₀)(F,OH)₂

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Petersen, O.V., Rønsbo, J.G., Leonardsen, E.S. (1994) Hingganite-(Y) from the Zomba-Malosa complex, Malawi. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Monatshefte, 1994 (4) 185-192

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Garson, M. S., & Smith, C. W. (1958). Chilwa Island: Geol. Surv. Nyasald., Mem, 1.

SNELLING, N. J. (1965) Age Determinations on Three African Carbonatites. Nature, 205 (4970). 491 doi:10.1038/205491a0

Woolley, A. R. (1969). Some aspects of fenitization with particular reference to Chilwa Island and Kangankunde, Malawi. British Museum (Natural History), Mineralogy, 2, 189-219.

ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Group'

Formula: A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z

Localities:

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Mpyupyu Hill, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Pyromorphite

Formula: Pb₅(PO₄)₃Cl

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Donald Doell

ⓘ Pyrophanite

Formula: Mn²⁺TiO₃

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Colour: black metallic

Description: Crystals to 5mm in diameter ; as star-twins

References:

Demartin, F.

ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'

Formula: ADSi₂O₆

Localities:

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Mpyupyu Hill, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.

ⓘ Quartz var. Blue Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Specimens imported from Malawi by Jewel Tunnel

ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

Localities:

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Razor, Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Chingasa, Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Makwelero, Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Kuchingwe, Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Rhabdophane-(Ce)

Formula: Ce(PO₄) · 0.6H₂O

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

ⓘ Rhabdophane-(La)

Formula: La(PO₄) · H₂O

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

ⓘ Rhabdophane-(Nd)

Formula: Nd(PO₄) · H₂O

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ 'Rhombohedral Carbonate'

Formula: (Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO₃

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Garson, M. S., & Smith, C. W. (1958). Chilwa Island: Geol. Surv. Nyasald., Mem, 1.

SNELLING, N. J. (1965) Age Determinations on Three African Carbonatites. Nature, 205 (4970). 491 doi:10.1038/205491a0

Woolley, A. R. (1969). Some aspects of fenitization with particular reference to Chilwa Island and Kangankunde, Malawi. British Museum (Natural History), Mineralogy, 2, 189-219.

ⓘ Richterite

Formula: Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

ⓘ Riebeckite

Formula: ◻[Na₂][Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂

Localities:

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Mpyupyu Hill, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Rutile

Formula: TiO₂

Localities:

Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile

Formula: (Ti,Nb)O₂

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Demartin, F.

ⓘ Scheelite

Formula: Ca(WO₄)

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Cairncross, Bruce (2002) Aegirine and Associated Minerals from Mount Malosa, Malawi. Rocks & Minerals, 77 (1) 31-37 doi:10.1080/00357529.2002.9926653

Guastoni, Alessandro; Demarin, Francesco; Pezzotta, Federico (2004) Mineralogische Neuigkeiten aus Zomba, Malawi (2003) [Mineralogical News from Zomba, Malawi (2003)]. Lapis, 29 (1). 37-38; 58

ⓘ Siderite

Formula: FeCO₃

Localities:

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Python Island, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ 'Sodic amphibole'

Localities:

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Sphalerite

Formula: ZnS

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Guastoni, Alessandro; Demarin, Francesco; Pezzotta, Federico (2004) Mineralogische Neuigkeiten aus Zomba, Malawi (2003) [Mineralogical News from Zomba, Malawi (2003)]. Lapis, 29 (1). 37-38; 58

ⓘ Spinel

Formula: MgAl₂O₄

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Garson, M. S., & Smith, C. W. (1958). Chilwa Island: Geol. Surv. Nyasald., Mem, 1.

SNELLING, N. J. (1965) Age Determinations on Three African Carbonatites. Nature, 205 (4970). 491 doi:10.1038/205491a0

Woolley, A. R. (1969). Some aspects of fenitization with particular reference to Chilwa Island and Kangankunde, Malawi. British Museum (Natural History), Mineralogy, 2, 189-219.

ⓘ Strontianite

Formula: SrCO₃

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

ⓘ 'Synchysite'

Formula: Ca(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO₃)₂F

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Garson, M. S., & Smith, C. W. (1958). Chilwa Island: Geol. Surv. Nyasald., Mem, 1.

SNELLING, N. J. (1965) Age Determinations on Three African Carbonatites. Nature, 205 (4970). 491 doi:10.1038/205491a0

Woolley, A. R. (1969). Some aspects of fenitization with particular reference to Chilwa Island and Kangankunde, Malawi. British Museum (Natural History), Mineralogy, 2, 189-219.

ⓘ Synchysite-(Ce)

Formula: CaCe(CO₃)₂F

Localities:

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ 'Tantalite'

Formula: (Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)₂O₆

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189

ⓘ Thorite

Formula: Th(SiO₄)

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

ⓘ Titanite

Formula: CaTi(SiO₄)O

Localities:

Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Wollastonite

Formula: Ca₃(Si₃O₉)

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Garson, M. S., & Smith, C. W. (1958). Chilwa Island: Geol. Surv. Nyasald., Mem, 1.

SNELLING, N. J. (1965) Age Determinations on Three African Carbonatites. Nature, 205 (4970). 491 doi:10.1038/205491a0

Woolley, A. R. (1969). Some aspects of fenitization with particular reference to Chilwa Island and Kangankunde, Malawi. British Museum (Natural History), Mineralogy, 2, 189-219.

ⓘ Wulfenite

Formula: Pb(MoO₄)

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Knut Eldjarn Collection

ⓘ 'Xenotime'

Locality: Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

ⓘ Xenotime-(Y)

Formula: Y(PO₄)

Localities:

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ Zektzerite

Formula: LiNaZrSi₆O₁₅

Locality: Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

References:

Guastoni, A., Pezzotta, F., & Zorzi, F. (2008). Neufunde aus Alkalipegmatiten am Mount Malosa, Malawi: Die weltbesten Zektzeritkristalle und interessante Pseudomorphosen. MINERALIEN MAGAZIN LAPIS, 33(3), 38.

ⓘ Zircon

Formula: Zr(SiO₄)

Localities:

Razor, Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Kuchingwe, Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Gallery:

Na(AlSi₃O₈)ⓘ Albite

Albite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Albite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Albite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'

Amphibole Supergroup

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Amphibole Supergroup

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Amphibole Supergroup

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

[Na][Na₂][Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂ⓘ Arfvedsonite

Arfvedsonite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Arfvedsonite, etc.

Chisenga Ridge, Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Arfvedsonite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Arfvedsonite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Arfvedsonite, etc.

Chisenga Ridge, Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Arfvedsonite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Arfvedsonite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Arfvedsonite, etc.

Chisenga Ridge, Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

(Ca,Yb,Er)₄Y₄(Si₈O₂₀)(CO₃)₆(OH) · 7H₂Oⓘ Caysichite-(Y)

Caysichite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Caysichite-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Caysichite-(Y), etc.

Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Caysichite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Caysichite-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Caysichite-(Y), etc.

Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Caysichite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Caysichite-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Na₂ZrSi₆O₁₅ · 3H₂Oⓘ Elpidite

Elpidite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Elpidite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Elpidite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Elpidite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Elpidite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Elpidite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)

Euxenite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Euxenite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Euxenite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Be₃Zn₄(SiO₄)₃Sⓘ Genthelvite

Genthelvite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Genthelvite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Genthelvite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Fe³⁺O(OH)ⓘ Goethite

Goethite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Goethite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Goethite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Fe₂O₃ⓘ Hematite

Hematite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Hematite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Hematite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

(Y,REE,Ca)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂ⓘ Hingganite-(Y)

Hingganite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Hingganite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Hingganite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Fe²⁺TiO₃ⓘ Ilmenite

Ilmenite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Ilmenite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Ilmenite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Ca₂Y₂(SiO₃)₄(CO₃) · H₂Oⓘ Kainosite-(Y)

Kainosite-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Kainosite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Kainosite-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Kainosite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Kainosite-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Kainosite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

ⓘ 'K Feldspar'

K Feldspar, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

K Feldspar, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

K Feldspar, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

K(◻H₂O)Ca₂(Be₂Al)[Si₁₂O₃₀]ⓘ Milarite

Milarite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Milarite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Milarite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Milarite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Milarite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Milarite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Milarite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Milarite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂ⓘ Muscovite

Muscovite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Muscovite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Muscovite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

K₂NaFe²⁺₇(NbTi)[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄Oⓘ Niobophyllite

Niobophyllite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Niobophyllite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Niobophyllite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Niobophyllite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Niobophyllite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Niobophyllite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Niobophyllite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Niobophyllite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂ⓘ 'Parisite'

Parisite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Parisite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Parisite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Parisite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Parisite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Parisite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Pb₅(PO₄)₃Clⓘ Pyromorphite

Pyromorphite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Pyromorphite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Pyromorphite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

◻[Na₂][Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂ⓘ Riebeckite

Riebeckite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Riebeckite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Riebeckite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Riebeckite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Riebeckite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Riebeckite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Riebeckite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Riebeckite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Sphalerite	2.CB.05a	ZnS
ⓘ	Galena	2.CD.10	PbS
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘ	Fluorite	3.AB.25	CaF₂
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Goethite	4.00.	Fe³⁺O(OH)
ⓘ	'Pyrochlore Group'	4.00.	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Spinel	4.BB.05	MgAl₂O₄
ⓘ	Hematite	4.CB.05	Fe₂O₃
ⓘ	Ilmenite	4.CB.05	Fe²⁺TiO₃
ⓘ	Pyrophanite	4.CB.05	Mn²⁺TiO₃
ⓘ	Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	var. Smoky Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	var. Blue Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	Cassiterite	4.DB.05	SnO₂
ⓘ	Rutile var. Ilmenorutile	4.DB.05	(Ti,Nb)O₂
ⓘ		4.DB.05	TiO₂
ⓘ	Euxenite-(Y)	4.DG.05	(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆
ⓘ	Cerianite-(Ce)	4.DL.05	(Ce⁴⁺,Th)O₂
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Siderite	5.AB.05	FeCO₃
ⓘ	Ankerite	5.AB.10	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	Strontianite	5.AB.15	SrCO₃
ⓘ	Cordylite-(Ce)	5.BD.05	NaBaCe₂(CO₃)₄F
ⓘ	Bastnäsite-(Ce)	5.BD.20a	Ce(CO₃)F
ⓘ	Parisite-(Ce)	5.BD.20b	CaCe₂(CO₃)₃F₂
ⓘ	Synchysite-(Ce)	5.BD.20c	CaCe(CO₃)₂F
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘ	Baryte	7.AD.35	BaSO₄
ⓘ	Fergusonite-(Y)	7.GA.05	YNbO₄
ⓘ	Scheelite	7.GA.05	Ca(WO₄)
ⓘ	Wulfenite	7.GA.05	Pb(MoO₄)
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘ	Xenotime-(Y)	8.AD.35	Y(PO₄)
ⓘ	Monazite-(Ce)	8.AD.50	Ce(PO₄)
ⓘ	Monazite-(La)	8.AD.50	La(PO₄)
ⓘ	Goyazite	8.BL.10	SrAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
ⓘ	Fluorapatite	8.BN.05	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
ⓘ	Pyromorphite	8.BN.05	Pb₅(PO₄)₃Cl
ⓘ	Rhabdophane-(Ce)	8.CJ.45	Ce(PO₄) · 0.6H₂O
ⓘ	Rhabdophane-(La)	8.CJ.45	La(PO₄) · H₂O
ⓘ	Rhabdophane-(Nd)	8.CJ.45	Nd(PO₄) · H₂O
ⓘ	Churchite-(Y)	8.CJ.50	Y(PO₄) · 2H₂O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Fayalite	9.AC.05	Fe²⁺₂(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Andradite	9.AD.25	Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	var. Melanite	9.AD.25	Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	Thorite	9.AD.30	Th(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Zircon	9.AD.30	Zr(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Titanite	9.AG.15	CaTi(SiO₄)O
ⓘ	Gadolinite-(Y)	9.AJ.20	Y₂Fe²⁺Be₂Si₂O₁₀
ⓘ	Hingganite-(Y)	9.AJ.20	(Y,REE,Ca)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Barylite	9.BB.15	Be₂Ba(Si₂O₇)
ⓘ	Dingdaohengite-(Ce) ?	9.BE.70	(Ce,La)₄Fe²⁺(Ti,Fe²⁺,Mg,Fe³⁺)₂Ti₂(Si₂O₇)₂O₈
ⓘ	Epidote	9.BG.05a	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Kainosite-(Y)	9.CF.10	Ca₂Y₂(SiO₃)₄(CO₃) · H₂O
ⓘ	Milarite	9.CM.05	K(◻H₂O)Ca₂(Be₂Al)[Si₁₂O₃₀]
ⓘ	Eudialyte	9.CO.10	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
ⓘ	Augite	9.DA.15	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Diopside	9.DA.15	CaMgSi₂O₆
ⓘ	Hedenbergite	9.DA.15	CaFe²⁺Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Aegirine-augite	9.DA.20	(Na_aCa_bFe²⁺_cMg_d)(Fe³⁺_eAl_fFe²⁺_gMg_h)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Aegirine	9.DA.25	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Astrophyllite	9.DC.05	K₂NaFe²⁺₇Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄F
ⓘ	Niobophyllite	9.DC.05	K₂NaFe²⁺₇(NbTi)[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄O
ⓘ	Richterite	9.DE.20	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Arfvedsonite	9.DE.25	[Na][Na₂][Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Riebeckite	9.DE.25	◻[Na₂][Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Fluoro-riebeckite	9.DE.25	◻{Na₂}{Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂}(Si₈O₂₂)F₂
ⓘ	Wollastonite	9.DG.05	Ca₃(Si₃O₉)
ⓘ	Epididymite	9.DG.55	Na₂Be₂Si₆O₁₅ · H₂O
ⓘ	Eudidymite	9.DG.60	Na₂Be₂Si₆O₁₅ · H₂O
ⓘ	Elpidite	9.DG.65	Na₂ZrSi₆O₁₅ · 3H₂O
ⓘ	Aenigmatite	9.DH.40	Na₄[Fe²⁺₁₀Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
ⓘ	Caysichite-(Y)	9.DJ.15	(Ca,Yb,Er)₄Y₄(Si₈O₂₀)(CO₃)₆(OH) · 7H₂O
ⓘ	Zektzerite	9.DN.05	LiNaZrSi₆O₁₅
ⓘ	Muscovite var. Illite	9.EC.15	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
ⓘ		9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Annite	9.EC.20	KFe²⁺₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Phlogopite	9.EC.20	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Polylithionite	9.EC.20	KLi₂Al(Si₄O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
ⓘ	Manganoneptunite ?	9.EH.05	KNa₂Li(Mn²⁺)₂Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂
ⓘ	Nepheline	9.FA.05	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
ⓘ	Microcline var. Amazonite	9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ		9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Orthoclase	9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Albite	9.FA.35	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	var. Andesine	9.FA.35	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
ⓘ	var. Oligoclase	9.FA.35	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
ⓘ	Cancrinite	9.FB.05	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
ⓘ	Genthelvite	9.FB.10	Be₃Zn₄(SiO₄)₃S
ⓘ	Helvine	9.FB.10	Be₃Mn²⁺₄(SiO₄)₃S
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Alkali Feldspar'	-
ⓘ	'Amphibole Supergroup'	-	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
ⓘ	'Bastnäsite'	-	(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO₃)F
ⓘ	'Biotite'	-	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
ⓘ	'Chlorite Group'	-
ⓘ	'Feldspar Group'	-
ⓘ	'Limonite'	-
ⓘ	'Tantalite'	-	(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)₂O₆
ⓘ	'Xenotime'	-
ⓘ	'Feldspar Group var. Perthite'	-
ⓘ	'Mica Group'	-
ⓘ	'Parisite'	-	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
ⓘ	'Synchysite'	-	Ca(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO₃)₂F
ⓘ	'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'	-
ⓘ	'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'	-
ⓘ	'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series'	-
ⓘ	'Hornblende Root Name Group'	-	◻Ca₂(Z²⁺₄Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
ⓘ	'Plagioclase'	-	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
ⓘ	'K Feldspar'	-
ⓘ	'Pyroxene Group'	-	ADSi₂O₆
ⓘ	'Florencite'	-
ⓘ	'Manganese Oxides var. Manganese Dendrites'	-
ⓘ	''	-
ⓘ	'Apatite'	-	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
ⓘ	'var. Carbonate-rich Apatite'	-	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
ⓘ	'Chevkinite Group'	-
ⓘ	'Sodic amphibole'	-
ⓘ	'Rhombohedral Carbonate'	-	(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO₃

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
H	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	[Na][Na₂][Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Astrophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄F
H	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
H	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Caysichite-(Y)	(Ca,Yb,Er)₄Y₄(Si₈O₂₀)(CO₃)₆(OH) · 7H₂O
H	ⓘ Churchite-(Y)	Y(PO₄) · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Elpidite	Na₂ZrSi₆O₁₅ · 3H₂O
H	ⓘ Epididymite	Na₂Be₂Si₆O₁₅ · H₂O
H	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
H	ⓘ Eudidymite	Na₂Be₂Si₆O₁₅ · H₂O
H	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
H	ⓘ Goyazite	SrAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Hingganite-(Y)	(Y,REE,Ca)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
H	ⓘ Kainosite-(Y)	Ca₂Y₂(SiO₃)₄(CO₃) · H₂O
H	ⓘ Milarite	K(◻H₂O)Ca₂(Be₂Al)[Si₁₂O₃₀]
H	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Niobophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺(NbTi)[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄O
H	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Polylithionite	KLi₂Al(Si₄O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
H	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
H	ⓘ Rhabdophane-(Ce)	Ce(PO₄) · 0.6H₂O
H	ⓘ Rhabdophane-(La)	La(PO₄) · H₂O
H	ⓘ Rhabdophane-(Nd)	Nd(PO₄) · H₂O
H	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Riebeckite	◻[Na₂][Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
H	ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Li	Lithium
Li	ⓘ Manganoneptunite	KNa₂Li(Mn²⁺)₂Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂
Li	ⓘ Polylithionite	KLi₂Al(Si₄O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
Li	ⓘ Zektzerite	LiNaZrSi₆O₁₅
Be	Beryllium
Be	ⓘ Barylite	Be₂Ba(Si₂O₇)
Be	ⓘ Epididymite	Na₂Be₂Si₆O₁₅ · H₂O
Be	ⓘ Eudidymite	Na₂Be₂Si₆O₁₅ · H₂O
Be	ⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)	Y₂Fe²⁺Be₂Si₂O₁₀
Be	ⓘ Genthelvite	Be₃Zn₄(SiO₄)₃S
Be	ⓘ Helvine	Be₃Mn₄²⁺(SiO₄)₃S
Be	ⓘ Hingganite-(Y)	(Y,REE,Ca)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂
Be	ⓘ Milarite	K(◻H₂O)Ca₂(Be₂Al)[Si₁₂O₃₀]
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce)	Ce(CO₃)F
C	ⓘ Bastnäsite	(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO₃)F
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
C	ⓘ Caysichite-(Y)	(Ca,Yb,Er)₄Y₄(Si₈O₂₀)(CO₃)₆(OH) · 7H₂O
C	ⓘ Cordylite-(Ce)	NaBaCe₂(CO₃)₄F
C	ⓘ Kainosite-(Y)	Ca₂Y₂(SiO₃)₄(CO₃) · H₂O
C	ⓘ Parisite-(Ce)	CaCe₂(CO₃)₃F₂
C	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
C	ⓘ Strontianite	SrCO₃
C	ⓘ Synchysite-(Ce)	CaCe(CO₃)₂F
C	ⓘ Parisite	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
C	ⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate	(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO₃
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
O	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
O	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
O	ⓘ Andradite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	[Na][Na₂][Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Astrophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄F
O	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Barylite	Be₂Ba(Si₂O₇)
O	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
O	ⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce)	Ce(CO₃)F
O	ⓘ Bastnäsite	(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO₃)F
O	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Cassiterite	SnO₂
O	ⓘ Caysichite-(Y)	(Ca,Yb,Er)₄Y₄(Si₈O₂₀)(CO₃)₆(OH) · 7H₂O
O	ⓘ Cerianite-(Ce)	(Ce⁴⁺,Th)O₂
O	ⓘ Churchite-(Y)	Y(PO₄) · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Cordylite-(Ce)	NaBaCe₂(CO₃)₄F
O	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Elpidite	Na₂ZrSi₆O₁₅ · 3H₂O
O	ⓘ Epididymite	Na₂Be₂Si₆O₁₅ · H₂O
O	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
O	ⓘ Eudidymite	Na₂Be₂Si₆O₁₅ · H₂O
O	ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)	(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆
O	ⓘ Fayalite	Fe₂²⁺(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Fergusonite-(Y)	YNbO₄
O	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
O	ⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)	Y₂Fe²⁺Be₂Si₂O₁₀
O	ⓘ Genthelvite	Be₃Zn₄(SiO₄)₃S
O	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
O	ⓘ Goyazite	SrAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Hedenbergite	CaFe²⁺Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Helvine	Be₃Mn₄²⁺(SiO₄)₃S
O	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
O	ⓘ Hingganite-(Y)	(Y,REE,Ca)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
O	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
O	ⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile	(Ti,Nb)O₂
O	ⓘ Kainosite-(Y)	Ca₂Y₂(SiO₃)₄(CO₃) · H₂O
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Manganoneptunite	KNa₂Li(Mn²⁺)₂Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂
O	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Milarite	K(◻H₂O)Ca₂(Be₂Al)[Si₁₂O₃₀]
O	ⓘ Monazite-(Ce)	Ce(PO₄)
O	ⓘ Monazite-(La)	La(PO₄)
O	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
O	ⓘ Niobophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺(NbTi)[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄O
O	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
O	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Parisite-(Ce)	CaCe₂(CO₃)₃F₂
O	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Polylithionite	KLi₂Al(Si₄O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
O	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
O	ⓘ Pyromorphite	Pb₅(PO₄)₃Cl
O	ⓘ Pyrophanite	Mn²⁺TiO₃
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Rhabdophane-(Ce)	Ce(PO₄) · 0.6H₂O
O	ⓘ Rhabdophane-(La)	La(PO₄) · H₂O
O	ⓘ Rhabdophane-(Nd)	Nd(PO₄) · H₂O
O	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Riebeckite	◻[Na₂][Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
O	ⓘ Scheelite	Ca(WO₄)
O	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
O	ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
O	ⓘ Strontianite	SrCO₃
O	ⓘ Synchysite-(Ce)	CaCe(CO₃)₂F
O	ⓘ Tantalite	(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)₂O₆
O	ⓘ Thorite	Th(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
O	ⓘ Wulfenite	Pb(MoO₄)
O	ⓘ Wollastonite	Ca₃(Si₃O₉)
O	ⓘ Xenotime-(Y)	Y(PO₄)
O	ⓘ Zektzerite	LiNaZrSi₆O₁₅
O	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Parisite	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
O	ⓘ Andradite var. Melanite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
O	ⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
O	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
O	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
O	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Quartz var. Blue Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Dingdaohengite-(Ce)	(Ce,La)₄Fe²⁺(Ti,Fe²⁺,Mg,Fe³⁺)₂Ti₂(Si₂O₇)₂O₈
O	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
O	ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
O	ⓘ Fluoro-riebeckite	◻{Na₂}{Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺}(Si₈O₂₂)F₂
O	ⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate	(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO₃
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
F	ⓘ Astrophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄F
F	ⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce)	Ce(CO₃)F
F	ⓘ Bastnäsite	(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO₃)F
F	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
F	ⓘ Cordylite-(Ce)	NaBaCe₂(CO₃)₄F
F	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
F	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
F	ⓘ Parisite-(Ce)	CaCe₂(CO₃)₃F₂
F	ⓘ Polylithionite	KLi₂Al(Si₄O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
F	ⓘ Synchysite-(Ce)	CaCe(CO₃)₂F
F	ⓘ Parisite	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
F	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
F	ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
F	ⓘ Fluoro-riebeckite	◻{Na₂}{Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺}(Si₈O₂₂)F₂
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Na	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Na	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Na	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	[Na][Na₂][Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Astrophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄F
Na	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
Na	ⓘ Cordylite-(Ce)	NaBaCe₂(CO₃)₄F
Na	ⓘ Elpidite	Na₂ZrSi₆O₁₅ · 3H₂O
Na	ⓘ Epididymite	Na₂Be₂Si₆O₁₅ · H₂O
Na	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Eudidymite	Na₂Be₂Si₆O₁₅ · H₂O
Na	ⓘ Manganoneptunite	KNa₂Li(Mn²⁺)₂Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂
Na	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Na	ⓘ Niobophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺(NbTi)[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄O
Na	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Na	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Riebeckite	◻[Na₂][Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Zektzerite	LiNaZrSi₆O₁₅
Na	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Na	ⓘ Fluoro-riebeckite	◻{Na₂}{Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺}(Si₈O₂₂)F₂
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
Mg	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Mg	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
Mg	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Mg	ⓘ Dingdaohengite-(Ce)	(Ce,La)₄Fe²⁺(Ti,Fe²⁺,Mg,Fe³⁺)₂Ti₂(Si₂O₇)₂O₈
Mg	ⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate	(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO₃
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Al	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
Al	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Al	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Al	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
Al	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Goyazite	SrAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
Al	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Milarite	K(◻H₂O)Ca₂(Be₂Al)[Si₁₂O₃₀]
Al	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Al	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Al	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Polylithionite	KLi₂Al(Si₄O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
Al	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Al	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Si	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
Si	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Si	ⓘ Andradite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	[Na][Na₂][Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Astrophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄F
Si	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Barylite	Be₂Ba(Si₂O₇)
Si	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Si	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
Si	ⓘ Caysichite-(Y)	(Ca,Yb,Er)₄Y₄(Si₈O₂₀)(CO₃)₆(OH) · 7H₂O
Si	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Elpidite	Na₂ZrSi₆O₁₅ · 3H₂O
Si	ⓘ Epididymite	Na₂Be₂Si₆O₁₅ · H₂O
Si	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Eudidymite	Na₂Be₂Si₆O₁₅ · H₂O
Si	ⓘ Fayalite	Fe₂²⁺(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)	Y₂Fe²⁺Be₂Si₂O₁₀
Si	ⓘ Genthelvite	Be₃Zn₄(SiO₄)₃S
Si	ⓘ Hedenbergite	CaFe²⁺Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Helvine	Be₃Mn₄²⁺(SiO₄)₃S
Si	ⓘ Hingganite-(Y)	(Y,REE,Ca)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Kainosite-(Y)	Ca₂Y₂(SiO₃)₄(CO₃) · H₂O
Si	ⓘ Manganoneptunite	KNa₂Li(Mn²⁺)₂Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂
Si	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Milarite	K(◻H₂O)Ca₂(Be₂Al)[Si₁₂O₃₀]
Si	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Si	ⓘ Niobophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺(NbTi)[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄O
Si	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Si	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Polylithionite	KLi₂Al(Si₄O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Riebeckite	◻[Na₂][Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Thorite	Th(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Si	ⓘ Wollastonite	Ca₃(Si₃O₉)
Si	ⓘ Zektzerite	LiNaZrSi₆O₁₅
Si	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Andradite var. Melanite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Si	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Si	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Si	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Quartz var. Blue Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Dingdaohengite-(Ce)	(Ce,La)₄Fe²⁺(Ti,Fe²⁺,Mg,Fe³⁺)₂Ti₂(Si₂O₇)₂O₈
Si	ⓘ Fluoro-riebeckite	◻{Na₂}{Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺}(Si₈O₂₂)F₂
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Churchite-(Y)	Y(PO₄) · 2H₂O
P	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
P	ⓘ Goyazite	SrAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
P	ⓘ Monazite-(Ce)	Ce(PO₄)
P	ⓘ Monazite-(La)	La(PO₄)
P	ⓘ Pyromorphite	Pb₅(PO₄)₃Cl
P	ⓘ Rhabdophane-(Ce)	Ce(PO₄) · 0.6H₂O
P	ⓘ Rhabdophane-(La)	La(PO₄) · H₂O
P	ⓘ Rhabdophane-(Nd)	Nd(PO₄) · H₂O
P	ⓘ Xenotime-(Y)	Y(PO₄)
P	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
P	ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
S	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
S	ⓘ Galena	PbS
S	ⓘ Genthelvite	Be₃Zn₄(SiO₄)₃S
S	ⓘ Helvine	Be₃Mn₄²⁺(SiO₄)₃S
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
Cl	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
Cl	ⓘ Pyromorphite	Pb₅(PO₄)₃Cl
Cl	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Cl	ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite	K(AlSi₃O₈)
K	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Astrophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄F
K	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
K	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
K	ⓘ Manganoneptunite	KNa₂Li(Mn²⁺)₂Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂
K	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
K	ⓘ Milarite	K(◻H₂O)Ca₂(Be₂Al)[Si₁₂O₃₀]
K	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
K	ⓘ Niobophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺(NbTi)[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄O
K	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
K	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Polylithionite	KLi₂Al(Si₄O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Ca	ⓘ Andradite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Ca	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Caysichite-(Y)	(Ca,Yb,Er)₄Y₄(Si₈O₂₀)(CO₃)₆(OH) · 7H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ca	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)	(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
Ca	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
Ca	ⓘ Hedenbergite	CaFe²⁺Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Hingganite-(Y)	(Y,REE,Ca)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Kainosite-(Y)	Ca₂Y₂(SiO₃)₄(CO₃) · H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Milarite	K(◻H₂O)Ca₂(Be₂Al)[Si₁₂O₃₀]
Ca	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Ca	ⓘ Parisite-(Ce)	CaCe₂(CO₃)₃F₂
Ca	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Scheelite	Ca(WO₄)
Ca	ⓘ Synchysite-(Ce)	CaCe(CO₃)₂F
Ca	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Ca	ⓘ Wollastonite	Ca₃(Si₃O₉)
Ca	ⓘ Parisite	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
Ca	ⓘ Andradite var. Melanite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Ca	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Ca	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Ca	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
Ca	ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Ca	ⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate	(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO₃
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Ti	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
Ti	ⓘ Astrophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄F
Ti	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Ti	ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)	(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆
Ti	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Ti	ⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile	(Ti,Nb)O₂
Ti	ⓘ Manganoneptunite	KNa₂Li(Mn²⁺)₂Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂
Ti	ⓘ Niobophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺(NbTi)[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄O
Ti	ⓘ Pyrophanite	Mn²⁺TiO₃
Ti	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
Ti	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Ti	ⓘ Dingdaohengite-(Ce)	(Ce,La)₄Fe²⁺(Ti,Fe²⁺,Mg,Fe³⁺)₂Ti₂(Si₂O₇)₂O₈
Mn	Manganese
Mn	ⓘ Helvine	Be₃Mn₄²⁺(SiO₄)₃S
Mn	ⓘ Manganoneptunite	KNa₂Li(Mn²⁺)₂Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂
Mn	ⓘ Pyrophanite	Mn²⁺TiO₃
Mn	ⓘ Tantalite	(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)₂O₆
Mn	ⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
Mn	ⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate	(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO₃
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Fe	ⓘ Andradite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Fe	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
Fe	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	[Na][Na₂][Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Astrophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄F
Fe	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Fe	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Fe	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Fayalite	Fe₂²⁺(SiO₄)
Fe	ⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)	Y₂Fe²⁺Be₂Si₂O₁₀
Fe	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
Fe	ⓘ Hedenbergite	CaFe²⁺Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
Fe	ⓘ Hingganite-(Y)	(Y,REE,Ca)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Niobophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺(NbTi)[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄O
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Riebeckite	◻[Na₂][Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
Fe	ⓘ Tantalite	(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Andradite var. Melanite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Fe	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Fe	ⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
Fe	ⓘ Dingdaohengite-(Ce)	(Ce,La)₄Fe²⁺(Ti,Fe²⁺,Mg,Fe³⁺)₂Ti₂(Si₂O₇)₂O₈
Fe	ⓘ Fluoro-riebeckite	◻{Na₂}{Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺}(Si₈O₂₂)F₂
Fe	ⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate	(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO₃
Zn	Zinc
Zn	ⓘ Genthelvite	Be₃Zn₄(SiO₄)₃S
Zn	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
Sr	Strontium
Sr	ⓘ Goyazite	SrAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
Sr	ⓘ Strontianite	SrCO₃
Y	Yttrium
Y	ⓘ Bastnäsite	(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO₃)F
Y	ⓘ Caysichite-(Y)	(Ca,Yb,Er)₄Y₄(Si₈O₂₀)(CO₃)₆(OH) · 7H₂O
Y	ⓘ Churchite-(Y)	Y(PO₄) · 2H₂O
Y	ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)	(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆
Y	ⓘ Fergusonite-(Y)	YNbO₄
Y	ⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)	Y₂Fe²⁺Be₂Si₂O₁₀
Y	ⓘ Hingganite-(Y)	(Y,REE,Ca)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂
Y	ⓘ Kainosite-(Y)	Ca₂Y₂(SiO₃)₄(CO₃) · H₂O
Y	ⓘ Xenotime-(Y)	Y(PO₄)
Zr	Zirconium
Zr	ⓘ Elpidite	Na₂ZrSi₆O₁₅ · 3H₂O
Zr	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
Zr	ⓘ Zektzerite	LiNaZrSi₆O₁₅
Zr	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Nb	Niobium
Nb	ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)	(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆
Nb	ⓘ Fergusonite-(Y)	YNbO₄
Nb	ⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile	(Ti,Nb)O₂
Nb	ⓘ Niobophyllite	K₂NaFe₇²⁺(NbTi)[Si₄O₁₂]₂O₂(OH)₄O
Nb	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
Nb	ⓘ Tantalite	(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)₂O₆
Nb	ⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
Mo	Molybdenum
Mo	ⓘ Wulfenite	Pb(MoO₄)
Sn	Tin
Sn	ⓘ Cassiterite	SnO₂
Ba	Barium
Ba	ⓘ Barylite	Be₂Ba(Si₂O₇)
Ba	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
Ba	ⓘ Cordylite-(Ce)	NaBaCe₂(CO₃)₄F
La	Lanthanum
La	ⓘ Monazite-(La)	La(PO₄)
La	ⓘ Rhabdophane-(La)	La(PO₄) · H₂O
La	ⓘ Parisite	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
La	ⓘ Dingdaohengite-(Ce)	(Ce,La)₄Fe²⁺(Ti,Fe²⁺,Mg,Fe³⁺)₂Ti₂(Si₂O₇)₂O₈
Ce	Cerium
Ce	ⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce)	Ce(CO₃)F
Ce	ⓘ Bastnäsite	(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO₃)F
Ce	ⓘ Cerianite-(Ce)	(Ce⁴⁺,Th)O₂
Ce	ⓘ Cordylite-(Ce)	NaBaCe₂(CO₃)₄F
Ce	ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)	(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆
Ce	ⓘ Monazite-(Ce)	Ce(PO₄)
Ce	ⓘ Parisite-(Ce)	CaCe₂(CO₃)₃F₂
Ce	ⓘ Rhabdophane-(Ce)	Ce(PO₄) · 0.6H₂O
Ce	ⓘ Synchysite-(Ce)	CaCe(CO₃)₂F
Ce	ⓘ Parisite	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
Ce	ⓘ Dingdaohengite-(Ce)	(Ce,La)₄Fe²⁺(Ti,Fe²⁺,Mg,Fe³⁺)₂Ti₂(Si₂O₇)₂O₈
Nd	Neodymium
Nd	ⓘ Bastnäsite	(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO₃)F
Nd	ⓘ Rhabdophane-(Nd)	Nd(PO₄) · H₂O
Nd	ⓘ Parisite	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
Er	Erbium
Er	ⓘ Caysichite-(Y)	(Ca,Yb,Er)₄Y₄(Si₈O₂₀)(CO₃)₆(OH) · 7H₂O
Yb	Ytterbium
Yb	ⓘ Caysichite-(Y)	(Ca,Yb,Er)₄Y₄(Si₈O₂₀)(CO₃)₆(OH) · 7H₂O
Ta	Tantalum
Ta	ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)	(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆
Ta	ⓘ Tantalite	(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)₂O₆
W	Tungsten
W	ⓘ Scheelite	Ca(WO₄)
Pb	Lead
Pb	ⓘ Galena	PbS
Pb	ⓘ Pyromorphite	Pb₅(PO₄)₃Cl
Pb	ⓘ Wulfenite	Pb(MoO₄)
Th	Thorium
Th	ⓘ Cerianite-(Ce)	(Ce⁴⁺,Th)O₂
Th	ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)	(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆
Th	ⓘ Thorite	Th(SiO₄)
U	Uranium
U	ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)	(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆

Geochronology

Mineralization age: Early/Lower Cretaceous : 136 ± 7 Ma to 125.8 ± 7.7 Ma

Important note: This table is based only on rock and mineral ages recorded on mindat.org for this locality and is not necessarily a complete representation of the geochronology, but does give an indication of possible mineralization events relevant to this locality. As more age information is added this table may expand in the future. A break in the table simply indicates a lack of data entered here, not necessarily a break in the geologic sequence. Grey background entries are from different, related, localities.

Geologic Time

Rocks, Minerals and Events

Phanerozoic

Mesozoic

Cretaceous

Early/Lower Cretaceous

ⓘ Zircon	125.8 ± 7.7 Ma	Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
ⓘ Titanite	125.8 ± 7.7 Ma	Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
ⓘ Biotite	136 ± 7 Ma	Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island), Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi

Fossils

This region is too big or complex to display the fossil list, try looking at smaller subregions.

Other Databases

Wikipedia:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zomba_District
Wikidata ID:	Q1058442
GeoNames ID:	923292

Localities in this Region

Malawi

Southern Region
- Zomba
  - Mount Malosa

Malawi

Southern Region
- Zomba
  - Mount Malosa
  - Mpyupyu Hill
  - ⭔Nchisi Island (Chilwa Island; Shirwa Island)
  - Python Island

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

AfricaContinent

East African Rift System (EARS)Zone (Tectonic)

African Plate

East African Rift
- East African Rift-westNarrow Rift
Malawi ComplexOrogenic Belt

Malawi

Southern Region
- Zomba-Malosa ComplexComplex

Somali PlateTectonic Plate

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

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To cite: Ralph, J., Von Bargen, D., Martynov, P., Zhang, J., Que, X., Prabhu, A., Morrison, S. M., Li, W., Chen, W., & Ma, X. (2025). Mindat.org: The open access mineralogy database to accelerate data-intensive geoscience research. American Mineralogist, 110(6), 833–844. doi:10.2138/am-2024-9486.
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Detailed Mineral List:

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List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

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Geochronology

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Localities in this Region

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi i
Regional Level Types
Zomba District
Southern Region Region
Malawi Country