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East African Rift System (EARS), Africai
Regional Level Types
East African Rift System (EARS)Zone (Tectonic)
AfricaContinent

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PhotosSearch
05601890017272017687943.jpg
Mineralization Zone inside Tanzanite Mine Block D

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
01942810017271979352706.jpg
Aegirine locality Razor, Mt Malosa ...

Razor, Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
04766320017273120388697.jpg
Mt Oldoinyo Lengai - view from the Natron lake.

Ol Doinyo Lengai, Ngorongoro District, Arusha region, Tanzania
01532520017272017545295.jpg
Mineralization Zone inside Tanzanite Mine Block D

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
01942810017271979352706.jpg
Aegirine locality Razor, Mt Malosa ...

Razor, Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
05776620017272008918380.jpg
Mt Oldoinyo Lengai - view from the Natron lake.

Ol Doinyo Lengai, Ngorongoro District, Arusha region, Tanzania
05601890017272017687943.jpg
Mineralization Zone inside Tanzanite Mine Block D

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
01942810017271979352706.jpg
Aegirine locality Razor, Mt Malosa ...

Razor, Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Type:
Zone (Tectonic)
Largest Settlements:
PlacePopulation
Addis Ababa2,757,729 (2015)
Nairobi2,750,547 (2014)
Kigali745,261 (2016)
Blantyre584,877 (2014)
Asmara563,930 (2013)
Arusha341,136 (2016)
Mindat Locality ID:
332878
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:332878:4
GUID (UUID V4):
0
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Great Rift Valley (partly)
Other Languages:
View 68 more...
French:
Rift Est-Africain (Vallée du Grand Rift), Afrique
German:
Ostafrikanischer Graben (Großer Afrikanischer Grabenbruch), Afrika
Italian:
Rift dell'Africa Orientale (Grande Rift Valley), Africa
Russian:
Восточно-Африканская рифтовая долина, Африка
Simplified Chinese:
東非大裂谷, 非洲
Spanish:
Rift del África Oriental (Gran Valle del Rift), África
Afrikaans:
Groot Skeurvallei, Afrika
Arabic:
الوادي المتصدع الكبير, إفريقيا
Aragonese:
Val d'o Gran Rift, Africa
Asturian:
Gran valle del rift, África
Azeri:
Böyük Rift Dərəsi, Afrika
Bashkir:
Көнсығыш Африка рифт үҙәне, Африка
Basque:
Rift Haran Handia, Afrika
Belarusian:
Вялікая рыфтавая даліна, Афрыка
Belarusian (Tarashkevitsa):
Вялікая рыфтавая даліна, Афрыка
Bengali:
মহা রিফট উপত্যকা, আফ্রিকা
Bulgarian:
Източноафриканска рифтова долина, Африка
Catalan:
Gran Vall del Rift, Àfrica
Cebuano:
Great Rift Valley, Aprika
Croatian:
Velika rasjedna dolina, Afrika
Czech:
Velká příkopová propadlina, Afrika
Danish:
Great Rift Valley, Afrika
Dutch:
Grote Slenk, Afrika
Esperanto:
Granda Rifto, Afriko
Estonian:
Ida-Aafrika riftivöönd, Aafrika
Farsi/Persian:
دره بزرگ ریفت, آفریقا
Finnish:
Iso hautavajoama, Afrikka
Galician:
Gran Val do Rift, África
Georgian:
დიდი რიფტული ხეობა, აფრიკა
Hebrew:
הבקע הסורי-אפריקני, אפריקה
Hindi:
महान दरार घाटी, अफ्रीका
Hungarian:
Nagy-hasadékvölgy, Afrika
Icelandic:
Sigdalurinn mikli, Afríka
Ido:
Granda Valo di Rift, Afrika
Indonesian:
Lembah Celah Besar, Afrika
Irish Gaelic:
Gleann na Claise Móire, an Afraic
Japanese:
大地溝帯, アフリカ
Kabiye:
Hɛŋga Sɔsaɣ Fɛɛʊ, Afrɩka tɛtʊ tɔm
Kannada:
ಮಹಾ ಬಿರುಕು ಕಣಿವೆ, ಆಫ್ರಿಕಾ
Kazakh (Cyrillic Script):
Рифт аңғары, Африка
Korean:
대지구대, 아프리카
Latin:
Valles Magni Chasmatis, Africa
Latvian:
Austrumāfrikas lūzumzona, Āfrika
Lithuanian:
Didysis Lūžių slėnis, Afrika
Macedonian:
Голема Раседна Долина, Африка
Malay:
Lembah Rengkahan Besar, Afrika
Malayalam:
ഗ്രേറ്റ് റിഫ്റ്റ് വാലി, ആഫ്രിക്ക
Mingrelian:
ბჟაეიოლი აფრიკაშ ხუალაშ ღოზი, აფრიკა
Minnan / Hokkien-Taiwanese:
Tōa-khiah-kok, Hui-chiu
Newar / Nepal Bhasa:
तधंगु रिफ्ट स्वनिग, अफ्रिका
Norwegian:
Riftdalen, Afrika
Norwegian (Nynorsk):
Riftdalen, Afrika
Occitan:
Granda Val del Rift, Africa
Polish:
Wielkie Rowy Afrykańskie, Afryka
Portuguese:
Vale do Rift, África
Romanian:
Valea Rift, Africa
Serbian:
Велика раседна долина, Африка
Serbo-Croatian:
Velika rasjedna dolina, Afrika
Sinhalese:
බටහිර පැළුම් මිටියාවත, අප්‍රිකාව
Slovak:
Východoafrická priekopová prepadlina, Afrika
Swahili:
Bonde la Ufa la Afrika ya Mashariki, Afrika
Swedish:
Östafrikanska gravsänkesystemet, Afrika
Tagalog:
Lambak ng Great Rift, Aprika
Tamil:
பெரும் பிளவுப் பள்ளத்தாக்கு, ஆபிரிக்கா
Thai:
เกรตริฟต์แวลลีย์, ทวีปแอฟริกา
Traditional Chinese:
大裂谷, 非洲
Turkish:
Büyük Rift Vadisi, Afrika
Ukrainian:
Велика рифтова долина, Африка
Urdu:
عظیم وادئ شق, افریقا
Vietnamese:
Thung lũng tách giãn Lớn, châu Phi
Waray:
Great Rift Valley, Aprika
Welsh:
Dyffryn Hollt Mawr, Affrica
Western Punjabi:
تریڑ, افریقا
Wu Chinese:
東非大裂谷, 非洲


The East African Rift System (EARS) is an active continental rift zone in East Africa. The EARS began developing around the onset of the Miocene (22–25 million years ago). In the past it was considered to be part of a larger Great Rift Valley that extended north to Asia Minor.

The East African Rift System extends over thousands of kilometers. The EARS consists of two main branches. The Eastern Rift Valley (also known as Gregory Rift) includes the Main Ethiopian Rift, running eastward from the Afar Triple Junction, which continues south as the Kenyan Rift Valley. The Western Rift Valley includes the Albertine Rift, and farther south, the valley of Lake Malawi. To the north of the Afar Triple Junction, the rift follows one of two paths: west to the Red Sea Rift or east to the Aden Ridge in the Gulf of Aden.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.


Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

646 valid minerals. 61 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals. 2 (FRL) - first recorded locality of unapproved mineral/variety/etc. 9 erroneous literature entries.

Rock Types Recorded


Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

ⓘ 'A-type granite'

ⓘ 'Adakite'

ⓘ Afrikandite

ⓘ Agglomerate

ⓘ 'Alaskite'

ⓘ 'Albitite'

ⓘ Alkali basalt

ⓘ Alluvial deposit

ⓘ Alvikite

ⓘ 'Amphibole schist'

ⓘ Amphibolite

ⓘ Andesite

ⓘ 'Andesitic tuff'

ⓘ 'Ankaratrite'

ⓘ Anorthosite

ⓘ 'Anyolite'

ⓘ 'Aplite'

ⓘ 'Arkose'

ⓘ Banded iron formation

ⓘ Basalt

ⓘ Basanite

ⓘ Bauxite

ⓘ Benmoreite

ⓘ 'Biotite gneiss'

ⓘ 'Biotite granite'

ⓘ 'Biotite schist'

ⓘ 'Biotite-hornblende gneiss'

ⓘ Biotitite

ⓘ Black shale

ⓘ 'Bostonite'

ⓘ Breccia

ⓘ CI1 chondrite meteorite

ⓘ Calc-silicate rock

ⓘ Calcite-carbonatite

ⓘ Cancrinite-syenite

ⓘ Carbonatite

ⓘ Cataclasite

ⓘ Chert

ⓘ 'Chlorite schist'

ⓘ Chromitite

ⓘ Clay

ⓘ Claystone

ⓘ Clinopyroxenite

ⓘ Comenditic rhyolite

ⓘ Conglomerate

ⓘ 'Cumulate'

ⓘ Dacite

ⓘ Diamictite

ⓘ Diorite

ⓘ 'Dolerite'

ⓘ Dolomite-carbonatite

ⓘ Dolostone

ⓘ Dunite

ⓘ EH3 chondrite meteorite

ⓘ EL6 chondrite meteorite

ⓘ 'Epidosite'

ⓘ 'Epidote-amphibole schist'

ⓘ 'Eucrite monomict breccia meteorite'

ⓘ 'Feldspar porphyry'

ⓘ 'Feldspar schist'

ⓘ 'Feldspathic Gneiss'

ⓘ 'Felsic tuffite'

ⓘ 'Felsite'

ⓘ Fenite

ⓘ Ferricrete

ⓘ Ferrocarbonatite

ⓘ Foidite

ⓘ 'Foyaite'

ⓘ 'Fulgurite'

ⓘ Gabbro

ⓘ Gabbroid

ⓘ Gabbronorite

ⓘ 'Garnet-hornblende schist'

ⓘ 'Garnet-mica schist'

ⓘ Gneiss

ⓘ Gossan

ⓘ Granite

ⓘ 'Granitic gneiss'

ⓘ Granitoid

ⓘ Granodiorite

ⓘ 'Granophyric granite'

ⓘ Granulite

ⓘ 'Greenschist'

ⓘ Greenstone

ⓘ Greisen

ⓘ Greywacke

ⓘ 'Grorudite'

ⓘ Guano

ⓘ H4 chondrite meteorite

ⓘ Harzburgite

ⓘ 'Hauyne melilitite'

ⓘ Hawaiite

ⓘ 'Hornblende granite'

ⓘ Hornfels

ⓘ Howardite meteorite

ⓘ 'Hydrothermal breccia'

ⓘ IIIAB iron meteorite

ⓘ 'Ignimbritic tuff'

ⓘ Ijolite

ⓘ 'Jacupirangite'

ⓘ 'Kaolin'

ⓘ 'Kenyte'

ⓘ Kimberlite

ⓘ 'Kyanite schist'

ⓘ 'L5/6 chondrite meteorite'

ⓘ 'LCT pegmatite'

ⓘ Lacustrine deposit

ⓘ Lamprophyre

ⓘ Lapilli-tuff

ⓘ Laterite

ⓘ 'Leptynite'

ⓘ Leucitite

ⓘ 'Leucocratic nephelinolite'

ⓘ 'Leucogranite'

ⓘ Lherzolite

ⓘ Limestone

ⓘ 'Lujavrite'

ⓘ Magnesiocarbonatite

ⓘ 'Malignite'

ⓘ Marble

ⓘ 'Melanocratic nephelinite'

ⓘ 'Melanocratic nephelinolite'

ⓘ 'Melilite nephelinite'

ⓘ Melilite-bearing rock

ⓘ Melilitite

ⓘ Metabasalt

ⓘ Metadiorite

ⓘ 'Metadolerite'

ⓘ 'Metadolomite'

ⓘ Metagabbro

ⓘ Metamudstone

ⓘ Metasandstone

ⓘ Metasedimentary rock

ⓘ Metasiltstone

ⓘ 'Miarolite'

ⓘ 'Mica schist'

ⓘ 'Microgabbro'

ⓘ 'Microgranite'

ⓘ 'Microsyenite'

ⓘ Migmatite

ⓘ Monchiquite

ⓘ 'Monomitic conglomerate'

ⓘ Monzogranite

ⓘ Monzonite

ⓘ Mudstone

ⓘ Mugearite

ⓘ 'Muscovite schist'

ⓘ 'Muscovite-biotite granite'

ⓘ 'Muscovite-chlorite schist'

ⓘ Mylonite

ⓘ Natrocarbonatite

ⓘ Nepheline-bearing-syenite

ⓘ 'Nepheline-bearing-syenite gneiss'

ⓘ Nepheline-syenite

ⓘ Nephelinite

ⓘ Obsidian

ⓘ 'Olivine basalt'

ⓘ Olivine clinopyroxenite

ⓘ Olivine pyroxenite

ⓘ Olivine-gabbro

ⓘ 'Olivinite'

ⓘ Orthogneiss

ⓘ Orthopyroxenite

ⓘ 'Pahoehoe'

ⓘ Pantelleritic rhyolite

ⓘ 'Pantelleritic trachyte'

ⓘ Paragneiss

ⓘ Peat

ⓘ Pebbles

ⓘ 'Pegmatite'

ⓘ 'Pegmatitic granite'

ⓘ 'Pegmatoid'

ⓘ 'Peralkaline alkali-feldspar-granite'

ⓘ 'Peralkaline rhyolite'

ⓘ 'Peralkaline trachyte'

ⓘ Peridotite

ⓘ Phonolite

ⓘ 'Phoscorite'

ⓘ Phosphorite

ⓘ Phyllite

ⓘ Picrite

ⓘ Pitchstone

ⓘ 'Porphyrite'

ⓘ 'Porphyritic phonolite'

ⓘ 'Porphyry'

ⓘ 'Prasinite'

ⓘ 'Psammite'

ⓘ 'Pseudobreccia'

ⓘ 'Pulaskite'

ⓘ Pumice

ⓘ Pyroclastic sediment

ⓘ Pyroclastic-breccia

ⓘ Pyroclastic-rock

ⓘ Pyroxenite

ⓘ 'Quartz phyllite'

ⓘ 'Quartz porphyry'

ⓘ Quartz-diorite

ⓘ 'Quartz-feldspar gneiss'

ⓘ 'Quartz-sericite schist'

ⓘ Quartz-syenite

ⓘ Quartz-trachyte

ⓘ Quartzite

ⓘ 'R3.8-6 chondrite meteorite'

ⓘ 'Rapakivi granite'

ⓘ Regolith

ⓘ Rhyodacite

ⓘ Rhyolite

ⓘ 'Rhyolitic tuff'

ⓘ 'Riebeckite granite'

ⓘ 'S-type granite'

ⓘ Sandstone

ⓘ Saprolite

ⓘ Schist

ⓘ 'Sericite schist'

ⓘ Serpentinite

ⓘ Shale

ⓘ Silicocarbonatite

ⓘ Siltstone

ⓘ Sinter

ⓘ Skarn

ⓘ Slate

ⓘ 'Soda trachyte'

ⓘ Sodalite-syenite

ⓘ Syenite

ⓘ Syenogranite

ⓘ 'Sölvsbergite'

ⓘ Søvite

ⓘ 'Talc schist'

ⓘ 'Tannbuschite'

ⓘ Tephrite

ⓘ 'Tholeiitic basalt'

ⓘ 'Tinguaite'

ⓘ Tonalite

ⓘ 'Tourmalinite'

ⓘ Trachyandesite

ⓘ Trachybasalt

ⓘ Trachyte

ⓘ 'Trachytic tuff'

ⓘ Troctolite

ⓘ Tuff

ⓘ Tuffite

ⓘ Turjaite

ⓘ 'Ultramafic-rock'

ⓘ Uncompahgrite

ⓘ 'Ungrouped C2 chondrite meteorite'

ⓘ Volcanic ash

ⓘ Wehrlite

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Acanthite
Formula: Ag2S
ⓘ Actinolite
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
ⓘ Aegirine
Formula: NaFe3+Si2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 99 localities in this region.
Habit: Crystals up to 1 decimeter
Colour: Black
ⓘ Aegirine-augite
Formula: (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 69 localities in this region.
ⓘ Aenigmatite
Formula: Na4[Fe2+10Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Localities: Reported from at least 60 localities in this region.
ⓘ Afmite
Formula: Al3(OH)4(H2O)3(PO4)(PO3OH) · H2O
ⓘ Alabandite
Formula: MnS
Habit: octahedral, cubic, cuboctahedaral
Colour: Grey, dark grey, grey-black to matt black
ⓘ Albite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 92 localities in this region.
ⓘ Albite var. Andesine
Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase
Formula: (Na,K)AlSi3O8
Localities: Reported from at least 26 localities in this region.
ⓘ Albite var. Cleavelandite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase
Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Localities: Reported from at least 20 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Albite-Anorthite Series var. High Plagioclase'
ⓘ 'Alkali amphibole'
ⓘ 'Alkali Feldspar'
Localities: Reported from at least 66 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Alkali pyroxene'
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)
Formula: (CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘ 'Allanite Group'
Formula: (A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘ Allophane
Formula: (Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
ⓘ Alluaudite
Formula: (Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3
ⓘ 'Alluaudite-Na[]'
Formula: ◻4Na4Mn2+4Fe3+8(PO4)12
ⓘ Almandine
Formula: Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Almandine-Pyrope Series'
ⓘ 'Almandine-Pyrope Series var. Rhodolite'
Formula: Mg3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘ 'Aloisiite'
Formula: Na2(Ca,Fe,Mg)5Si2O10 · 2H2O
ⓘ Altaite
Formula: PbTe
ⓘ Althupite (TL)
Formula: AlTh(UO2)7(PO4)4(OH)5O2 · 15H2O
Type Locality:
Habit: Tiny tabular crystals.
Colour: yellow
ⓘ Alumoåkermanite (TL)
Formula: (CaNa)Al[Si2O7]
Type Locality:
ⓘ Alunite
Formula: KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘ 'Amber'
Description: (Locality may be given as "Debre Lebanon" (sic), actually derived from the geological unit, the Debre Libanos sandstone Formation.)
ⓘ Amblygonite
Formula: LiAl(PO4)F
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Amblygonite-Montebrasite Series'
ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'
Formula: AB2C5(T8O22)W2
Localities: Reported from at least 63 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup var. Uralite'
Formula: AX2Z5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
ⓘ Analcime
Formula: Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 31 localities in this region.
ⓘ Anapaite
Formula: Ca2Fe2+(PO4)2 · 4H2O
ⓘ Anatase
Formula: TiO2
ⓘ 'Ancylite'
ⓘ Ancylite-(Ce)
Formula: CeSr(CO3)2(OH) · H2O
ⓘ Ancylite-(La)
Formula: LaSr(CO3)2(OH) · H2O
ⓘ Andalusite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
ⓘ Andalusite var. Chiastolite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘ Andradite
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 22 localities in this region.
ⓘ Andradite var. Melanite
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 18 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Andradite-Schorlomite Series'
ⓘ Andrémeyerite (TL)
Formula: BaFe2+2(Si2O7)
Type Locality:
Description: The mineral was identified from a single specimen in vesicles of melilite-leucite-nephelinite lava,…Associated minerals are nepheline, leucite, clinopyroxene, kirschsteinite, and melilite, along with a green glass (intimately associated. Crystals are less than 0.2 mm long,0.1 mm in diameter with {100} and {011> dominant. Color pale emerald-green
References:
Richard, J.J. & Padang, M.N. 1957. Active volcanoes of the world. Part 4 Africa and the Red Sea. International Volcanological Association, Napoli, Italy.
Tazieff, H. 1975. Nyiragongo: the forbidden volcano. Cassell, London.
Sahama, G., & Meyer, A. (1958). Study of the volcano Niragongo. A progress Report, Exploration du parc National Albert, mission d’études volcanologiques, Fasc 2, 1-85.
SAHAMA, TH. G. (1960) Kalsilite in the lavas of Mt. Nyiragongo (Belgian Congo) Journal of Petrology, 1 (2) 146-171 doi:10.1093/petrology/1.2.146
Denaeyer, M. E., Schellinck, F., & Coppez, A. (1965). Recueil d'analyses des laves du fossé tectonique de l'Afrique centrale. Annales. Musée Roy. Afrique Centrale. Belgique, Ann. Ser. 8, Sci. Geol., 49, 1-234.
Thonnard, R. L. G., & Denaeyer, M. E. (1965). Carte volcanologique des Virunga, Feuille No. 1. 1:50000 and Introduction generale et Notice Explicative de la Feuille No. 1. Centre National de Volcanologie (Belgique), Bruxelles.
Bell, K., & Powell, J. L. (1969). Strontium isotopic studies of alkalic rocks: the potassium-rich lavas of the Birunga and Toro—Ankole Regions, East and Central Equatorial Africa. Journal of Petrology, 10(3), 536-572. doi.org/10.1093/petrology/10.3.536
Denaeyer, M. E. (1972). LES LAVES DU FOSSE TECTONIQUE DE L'AFRIQUE CENTRALE (KIVU, RWANDA, TORO-ANKOLE). I. SUPPLEMENT AU RECUEIL D'ANALYSES DE 1965. II. MAGMATOLOGIE. Annales, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique. Serie In 8º, Sciences Geologiques, 72.
Sahama, Th.G., Siivola, J., Rehtijärvi, P. (1973) Andremeyerite, a new barium iron silicate, from Nyiragongo, Zaire. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland, 45 (1). 1-8 doi:10.17741/bgsf/45.1.001
SAHAMA, TH. G. (1973) Evolution of the Nyiragongo Magma. Journal of Petrology, 14 (1) 33-48 doi:10.1093/petrology/14.1.33
Sahama, T. G. (1978). The Nyiragongo main cone. Annales, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique. Serie In 8º, Sciences Geologiques 81.
Hamaguchi, H. (1983). Volcanoes Nyiragongo and Nyamuragira: geophysical aspects. Tohoku Univ.
Vollmer, R., & Norry, M. J. (1983). Possible origin of K-rich volcanic rocks from Virunga, East Africa, by metasomatism of continental crustal material: Pb, Nd and Sr isotopic evidence. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 64(3), 374-386. doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(83)90097-3
Tazieff, H. (1984). Mt. Niragongo: renewed activity of the lava lake. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 20(3-4), 267-280. doi.org/10.1016/0377-0273(84)90043-X
GEE, L. L., SACK, R. O. (1988) Experimental Petrology of Melilite Nephelinites. Journal of Petrology, 29 (6) 1233-1255 doi:10.1093/petrology/29.6.1233
Demant, A., Lestrade, P., Lubala, R. T., Kampunzu, A. B., & Durieux, J. (1994). Volcanological and petrological evolution of Nyiragongo volcano, Virunga volcanic field, Zaire. Bulletin of Volcanology, 56(1), 47-61. doi.org/10.1007/BF00279728
Andersen, Tom, Elburg, Marlina A., Erambert, Muriel (2014) Extreme peralkalinity in delhayelite- and andremeyerite-bearing nephelinite from Nyiragongo volcano, East African Rift. Lithos, 206. 164-178 doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2014.07.025
ⓘ Anglesite
Formula: PbSO4
ⓘ Anhydrite
Formula: CaSO4
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Ankerite
Formula: Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Localities: Reported from at least 16 localities in this region.
ⓘ Annabergite
Formula: Ni3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
ⓘ Annite
Formula: KFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ Anorthite
Formula: Ca(Al2Si2O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region.
ⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite
Formula: (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Description: Relatively homogeneous Plagioclase (Ab85; An84-87) of Bytownite compostion
ⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite
Formula: (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Anthoinite (TL)
Formula: AlWO3(OH)3
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
ⓘ Anthophyllite
Formula: ◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Description: single large yellowish splintery crystal with intergrown patches of talc and "green" yoderite; specimen was acquired for green yoderite.
ⓘ 'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3A
Localities: Reported from at least 107 localities in this region.
ⓘ Aphthitalite
Formula: K3Na(SO4)2
ⓘ 'Apophyllite Group'
Formula: AB4[Si8O20]X · 8H2O
ⓘ Arcanite
Formula: K2SO4
ⓘ Arfvedsonite
Formula: NaNa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 29 localities in this region.
ⓘ Argentopentlandite
Formula: Ag(Fe,Ni)8S8
ⓘ Åkermanite
Formula: Ca2Mg[Si2O7]
ⓘ 'Arrojadite Group'
Formula: A2E2CaNa2+xM13R(PO3OH)1-x(PO4)11W2
Description: Both a Ba-free arrojadite and a barian arrojadite (arrojadite-(BaFe)) were found at Buranga by von Knorring (see Daltry & von Knorring 1998).
ⓘ Arsenopyrite
Formula: FeAsS
Localities: Reported from at least 23 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Asbestos'
ⓘ Astrophyllite
Formula: K2NaFe2+7Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Atokite
Formula: (Pd,Pt)3Sn
ⓘ Attakolite
Formula: CaMn2+Al4(SiO3OH)(PO4)3(OH)4
ⓘ Augelite
Formula: Al2(PO4)(OH)3
ⓘ Augite
Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 43 localities in this region.
ⓘ Augite var. Fassaite
Formula: (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
ⓘ Augite var. Ferroaugite
Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘ Augite var. Ferrohedenbergite
Formula: (Ca,Mg,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Si2O6
ⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite
Formula: (Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Description: In olivine melilite lava.
ⓘ Auricupride
Formula: Cu3Au
ⓘ Aurostibite
Formula: AuSb2
ⓘ Autunite
Formula: Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O
ⓘ Awaruite
Formula: Ni3Fe
ⓘ Axinite-(Mg) (TL)
Formula: Ca2MgAl2BSi4O15OH
Fluorescence: Red
ⓘ Axinite-(Mn)
Formula: Ca2Mn2+Al2BSi4O15(OH)
ⓘ Azurite
Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
ⓘ Baddeleyite
Formula: ZrO2
ⓘ Baotite
Formula: Ba4(Ti,Nb,W)8O16(SiO3)4Cl
ⓘ Barbosalite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2
ⓘ 'Barkevikite'
ⓘ Barylite
Formula: Be2Ba(Si2O7)
Habit: platy
Colour: colorless
Description: < 2 cm long crystals
ⓘ Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
Localities: Reported from at least 30 localities in this region.
ⓘ Barytolamprophyllite
Formula: (Ba,Na)2(Na,Ti,Fe3+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O(OH,F)
ⓘ 'Bastnäsite'
Formula: (Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Localities: Reported from at least 17 localities in this region.
ⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce)
Formula: Ce(CO3)F
ⓘ Benauite
Formula: SrFe3+3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
ⓘ Berdesinskiite (TL)
Formula: V3+2TiO5
Type Locality:
ⓘ Berlinite
Formula: AlPO4
ⓘ Bermanite
Formula: Mn2+Mn3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
ⓘ Bertossaite (TL)
Formula: Li2CaAl4(PO4)4(OH)4
Habit: massive
Colour: Faintly pink
Description: Associated with amblygonite, lazulite-scorzalite, augelite, brazilianite, apatite, and crandallite. Masses of bertossaite up to 50kg have been recovered from the Buranga deposit.
ⓘ Bertrandite
Formula: Be4(Si2O7)(OH)2
ⓘ Beryl
Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18)
Localities: Reported from at least 34 localities in this region.
ⓘ Beryl var. Aquamarine
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
ⓘ Beryl var. Emerald
Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18)
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Betafite Group'
Formula: A2(Ti,Nb)2O6Z
ⓘ 'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Localities: Reported from at least 121 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Biotite var. Titanium-bearing Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
References:
Richard, J.J. & Padang, M.N. 1957. Active volcanoes of the world. Part 4 Africa and the Red Sea. International Volcanological Association, Napoli, Italy.
Holmes, A., & Harwood, H. F. (1937). The volcanic area of Bufumbira. Part 2. The petrology of the volcanic field of Bufumbria, south-west Uganda, and of other parts of the Birunga field. Geological Survey of Uganda, Memoir, 3 (Part 2).
Denaeyer, M. E., Schellinck, F., & Coppez, A. (1965). Recueil d'analyses des laves du fossé tectonique de l'Afrique centrale. Annales. Musée Roy. Afrique Centrale. Belgique, Ann. Ser. 8, Sci. Geol., 49, 1-234.
Thonnard, R. L. G., & Denaeyer, M. E. (1965). Carte volcanologique des Virunga, Feuille No. 1. 1:50000 and Introduction generale et Notice Explicative de la Feuille No. 1. Centre National de Volcanologie (Belgique), Bruxelles.
Bell, K., & Powell, J. L. (1969). Strontium isotopic studies of alkalic rocks: the potassium-rich lavas of the Birunga and Toro—Ankole Regions, East and Central Equatorial Africa. Journal of Petrology, 10(3), 536-572. doi.org/10.1093/petrology/10.3.536
Aoki, K., Ishiwaka, K., & Kanisawa, S. (1981). Fluorine geochemistry of basaltic rocks from continental and oceanic regions and petrogenetic application. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 76(1), 53-59. doi.org/10.1007/BF00373683
Hamaguchi, H. (1983). Volcanoes Nyiragongo and Nyamuragira: geophysical aspects. Tohoku Univ.
Ueki, S. (1983). Recent volcanism of Nyamuragira and Nyiragongo. Volcanoes Nyiragongo and Nyamuragira: geophysical aspects, 7-18.
Aoki, K. I., & Kurasawa, H. (1984). Sr isotope study of the tephrite series from Nyamuragira volcano, Zaire. Geochemical Journal, 18(2), 95-100. doi.org/10.2343/geochemj.18.95
Aoki, K. I., Yoshida, T., Yusa, K., & Nakamura, Y. (1985). Petrology and geochemistry of the Nyamuragira volcano, Zaire. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 25(1-2), 1-28. doi.org/10.1016/0377-0273(85)90002-2
ⓘ Bismite
Formula: Bi2O3
ⓘ Bismuthinite
Formula: Bi2S3
ⓘ Bismutite
Formula: (BiO)2CO3
ⓘ Bityite
Formula: CaLiAl2(AlBeSi2O10)(OH)2
ⓘ Bixbyite-(Mn)
Formula: Mn3+2O3
ⓘ Bjarebyite
Formula: (Ba,Sr)(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2Al2(PO4)3(OH)3
Colour: pistachio green to dark green
Description: intergrown with bertossaite.
ⓘ Blödite
Formula: Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
ⓘ Bobierrite
Formula: Mg3(PO4)2 · 8H2O
ⓘ Bolivarite
Formula: Al2(PO4)(OH)3 · 4-5H2O
ⓘ Boltwoodite
Formula: (K,Na)(UO2)(SiO3OH) · 1.5H2O
ⓘ Bornite
Formula: Cu5FeS4
Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region.
ⓘ Boulangerite
Formula: Pb5Sb4S11
ⓘ Bournonite
Formula: PbCuSbS3
ⓘ Brazilianite
Formula: NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4
ⓘ Breithauptite
Formula: NiSb
ⓘ Britholite-(Ce)
Formula: (Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3OH
ⓘ 'Britholite Group'
Formula: (REE,Ca)5[(Si,P)O4]3X
ⓘ Brookite
Formula: TiO2
ⓘ Brucite
Formula: Mg(OH)2
ⓘ Brunogeierite
Formula: Ge4+Fe2+2O4
Locality: Kithiori, Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya - erroneously reported
ⓘ Brushite
Formula: Ca(PO3OH) · 2H2O
ⓘ Burangaite (TL)
Formula: NaFe2+Al5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Type Locality:
Habit: replacement product of scorzalite; radiating prismatic crystals
Colour: Bluish to bluish-green, hourglass zoned
Description: Found in corroded aggregates of bertossaite, trolleite, apatite, scorzalite, bjarebyite, wardite, and quartz.
ⓘ Burbankite
Formula: (Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5
ⓘ Burkeite
Formula: Na6(CO3)(SO4)2
ⓘ Cabriite
Formula: Pd2CuSn
ⓘ Cacoxenite
Formula: Fe3+24AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O
ⓘ Calaverite
Formula: AuTe2
ⓘ 'Calcioancylite'
ⓘ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
Localities: Reported from at least 98 localities in this region.
ⓘ Calcite var. Iron-bearing Calcite
Formula: (Ca,Fe)CO3
ⓘ Calcite var. Mg-rich Calcite
Formula: (Ca,Mg)CO3
ⓘ 'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup'
Formula: AnCa2(C2+5-mC3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))W2
ⓘ 'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. Hornblende'
Formula: AnCa2(Z2+5-mZ3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ Calzirtite
Formula: Ca2Zr5Ti2O16
ⓘ Cancrinite
Formula: (Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 17 localities in this region.
ⓘ Cassiterite
Formula: SnO2
Localities: Reported from at least 58 localities in this region.
ⓘ Cassiterite var. Wood Tin
Formula: SnO2
ⓘ Cavoite
Formula: CaV4+3O7
Locality: Gakara Project, Bujumbura Rural Province, Burundi - erroneously reported
Description: On-line version of Handbook page (http://rruff.info/doclib/hom/cavoite.pdf) is in fact that of cerianite-(Ce).
✪ Caysichite-(Y)
Formula: (Ca,Yb,Er)4Y4(Si8O20)(CO3)6(OH) · 7H2O
Description: Outstanding specimens and largest crystals known for the species
ⓘ Celestine
Formula: SrSO4
ⓘ Cerianite-(Ce)
Formula: (Ce4+,Th)O2
ⓘ 'Cerite'
References:
Denaeyer, M. E. (1958) Les syénites feldspathoïdiques du Kivu et leur rôle dans la genèse des laves des Virunga. Bulletin de la Société Belge de Géologie de Paléontologie & d'Hydrologie, 67. 459-488
Denaeyer, M. E. (1959). Les syénites métasomatiques du massif de Kirumba: Mémoires de l’Académie Royale des Sciences Coloniales. Classe Sci. Tech. NS, 9(2).
Cahen, L., & Snelling, N. J. (1966). The geochronology of equatorial Africa. North-Holland Publishing Company.
Denaeyer, M. E. (1966). Sur la présence d'une carbonatite ankéritique (rauhaugite) en bordure du complexe alcalin de Kirumba (Kivu). Comptes rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, 263(1), 9-12.
Denayer, M. E. (1970). Rapports isotopiques O e C et condition d'affleurement dês carbonatites de 1'Affrique Central. Compt. Rend. D, 270, 2155-2158.
Kampunzu, A.B., Kramers, J.D., Makutu, M.N. (1998) Rb-Sr whole rock ages of the Lueshe, Kirumba and Numbi igneous complexes (Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo) and the break-up of the Rodinia supercontinent. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 26 (1). 29-36 doi:10.1016/s0899-5362(97)00134-6
ⓘ Cerite-(CeCa)
Formula: (Ce7Ca2)◻Mg(SiO4)3(SiO3OH)4(OH)3
ⓘ Cerussite
Formula: PbCO3
ⓘ Cesplumtantite
Formula: (Cs,Na)2(Pb,Sb3+)3Ta8O24
ⓘ 'Chabazite'
ⓘ Chalcanthite
Formula: CuSO4 · 5H2O
ⓘ Chalcocite
Formula: Cu2S
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Chalcocyanite
Formula: CuSO4
ⓘ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
Localities: Reported from at least 57 localities in this region.
ⓘ Chevkinite-(Ce)
Formula: Ce4(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)5O8(Si2O7)2
ⓘ 'Chevkinite Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Childrenite
Formula: Fe2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
ⓘ Chlorapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3Cl
ⓘ Chlorbartonite ?
Formula: K6Fe24S26(Cl,S)
ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 48 localities in this region.
ⓘ Chloritoid
Formula: Fe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2
ⓘ Chondrodite
Formula: Mg5(SiO4)2F2
ⓘ 'Chrome-Spinel (of Dana)'
ⓘ Chromite
Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 17 localities in this region.
ⓘ Chrysoberyl
Formula: BeAl2O4
ⓘ Chrysoberyl var. Alexandrite
Formula: BeAl2O4
ⓘ Chrysocolla
Formula: Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
ⓘ 'Chrysoprase'
ⓘ Chrysotile
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ Churchite-(Y)
Formula: Y(PO4) · 2H2O
ⓘ Clausthalite
Formula: PbSe
ⓘ 'Clay minerals'
ⓘ Clinochlore
Formula: Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
ⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing Clinochlore
Formula: Mg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
ⓘ Clinoenstatite
Formula: MgSiO3
ⓘ Clinoferrosilite
Formula: Fe2+2Si2O6
ⓘ Clinohumite
Formula: Mg9(SiO4)4F2
ⓘ 'Clinoptilolite Subgroup'
Formula: (Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'
Localities: Reported from at least 28 localities in this region.
ⓘ Clinozoisite
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘ Cobaltite
Formula: CoAsS
ⓘ Cobaltpentlandite
Formula: Co9S8
ⓘ 'Coeruleolactite'
ⓘ Coffinite
Formula: U(SiO4) · nH2O
ⓘ Columbite-(Fe)
Formula: Fe2+Nb2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series'
Localities: Reported from at least 22 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Columbite Group'
ⓘ Columbite-(Mn)
Formula: Mn2+Nb2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Columbite-Tantalite'
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
ⓘ Colusite
Formula: Cu13VAs3S16
ⓘ Combeite (TL)
Formula: Na4.5Ca3.5Si6O17.5(OH)0.5
ⓘ Cookeite
Formula: (LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8
ⓘ Cooperite
Formula: PtS
ⓘ 'Copper Stain'
ⓘ Cordierite
Formula: Mg2Al4Si5O18
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Cordylite-(Ce)
Formula: NaBaCe2(CO3)4F
ⓘ Corundum
Formula: Al2O3
Localities: Reported from at least 40 localities in this region.
Description: Nyala rubies
ⓘ Corundum var. Padparadscha
Formula: Al2O3
ⓘ Corundum var. Ruby
Formula: Al2O3
Localities: Reported from at least 28 localities in this region.
Description: Nyala rubies
ⓘ Corundum var. Sapphire
Formula: Al2O3
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
ⓘ Cosalite
Formula: Pb2Bi2S5
ⓘ Covellite
Formula: CuS
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
ⓘ Crandallite
Formula: CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Cristobalite
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Cronstedtite
Formula: Fe2+2Fe3+((Si,Fe3+)2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ Cryptomelane
Formula: K(Mn4+7Mn3+)O16
ⓘ Cubanite
Formula: CuFe2S3
ⓘ Cuprite
Formula: Cu2O
ⓘ Cuprospinel
Formula: Cu2+Fe3+2O4
Locality: Kithiori, Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya - erroneously reported
ⓘ Cuspidine
Formula: Ca8(Si2O7)2F4
ⓘ Cyrilovite
Formula: NaFe3+3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
ⓘ Danalite
Formula: Be3Fe2+4(SiO4)3S
ⓘ Danburite
Formula: CaB2Si2O8
ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)
Formula: (Sr,Ca,Ba)3(Ce,La)(CO3)3-x(PO4)(OH,F)2x
ⓘ Daubréelite
Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2S4
ⓘ Davidite-(La)
Formula: La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
ⓘ Dawsonite
Formula: NaAlCO3(OH)2
ⓘ Delhayelite (TL)
Formula: (Na,K)10Ca5Al6Si32O80(Cl2,F2,SO4)3 · 18H2O
ⓘ Diamond
Formula: C
ⓘ Diaspore
Formula: AlO(OH)
ⓘ Digenite
Formula: Cu9S5
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Dingdaohengite-(Ce)
Formula: (Ce,La)4Fe2+(Ti,Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8
ⓘ Diopside
Formula: CaMgSi2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 39 localities in this region.
ⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing Diopside
Formula: Ca(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
Description: Low Al.
ⓘ Diopside var. Salite
Formula: CaMgSi2O6
ⓘ Dittmarite
Formula: (NH4)Mg(PO4) · H2O
ⓘ Djerfisherite (TL)
Formula: K6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
ⓘ Dolerophanite
Formula: Cu2(SO4)O
ⓘ Dolomite
Formula: CaMg(CO3)2
Localities: Reported from at least 30 localities in this region.
ⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite
Formula: Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Dravite
Formula: NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
ⓘ Dravite var. Chromium-bearing Dravite
Formula: Na((Mg,Cr)3)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘ Dufrénite
Formula: Ca0.5Fe2+Fe3+5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
ⓘ Dufrénoysite
Formula: Pb2As2S5
ⓘ Dumontite
Formula: Pb2(UO2)3O2(PO4)2 · 5H2O
ⓘ Dyscrasite
Formula: Ag3Sb
ⓘ Eckermannite
Formula: NaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘ Edenite
Formula: NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
ⓘ Elbaite
Formula: Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘ Elpasolite
Formula: K2NaAlF6
ⓘ Elpidite
Formula: Na2ZrSi6O15 · 3H2O
ⓘ Enstatite
Formula: Mg2Si2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Enstatite var. Bronzite
Formula: (Mg,Fe2+)2[SiO3]2
ⓘ Eosphorite
Formula: Mn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
ⓘ Epididymite
Formula: Na2Be2Si6O15 · H2O
References:
Cairncross, Bruce; Messner, Karl; Farquharson, Eric (1999) Die Pegmatite des Mount Malosa bei Zomba, Malawi [The pegmatites of Mount Malosa near Zomba, Malawi]. Lapis, 24 (4). 22-32; 50
Cairncross, Bruce (2002) Aegirine and Associated Minerals from Mount Malosa, Malawi. Rocks & Minerals, 77 (1) 31-37 doi:10.1080/00357529.2002.9926653
Guastoni, A., & Pezzotta, F. (2007). REE-mineral phases replacing helvite, niobian-rutile, bastnäsite-(Ce) from alkaline pegmatites of Mount Malosa, Zomba District, Malawi. Granitic Pegmatites: the State of the Art. Memorias, 8, 42-43.
Gatta, G. D., Rotiroti, N., McIntyre, G.J., Guastoni, A., Nestola, F. (2008) New insights into the crystal chemistry of epididymite and eudidymite from Malosa, Malawi: A single-crystal neutron diffraction study. American Mineralogist, 93 (7) 1158-1165 doi:10.2138/am.2008.2965
Guastoni, A., Nestola, F., Giaretta, A. (2009) Mineral chemistry and alteration of rare earth element (REE) carbonates from alkaline pegmatites of Mount Malosa, Malawi. American Mineralogist, 94 (8) 1216-1222 doi:10.2138/am.2009.3185
ⓘ Epidote
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 25 localities in this region.
ⓘ Epsomite
Formula: MgSO4 · 7H2O
ⓘ 'Erionite Subgroup'
Formula: M2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
ⓘ Euclase
Formula: BeAl(SiO4)(OH)
ⓘ Eucryptite
Formula: LiAlSiO4
ⓘ Eudialyte
Formula: Na15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
✪ Eudidymite
Formula: Na2Be2Si6O15 · H2O
Description: Outstanding specimens and the largest known crystals for the species.
References:
Schwab, Pierre-Nicolas (1997) What's New in Minerals - Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines Show 1996. The Mineralogical Record, 28 (1) 63-65
Cairncross, Bruce; Messner, Karl; Farquharson, Eric (1999) Die Pegmatite des Mount Malosa bei Zomba, Malawi [The pegmatites of Mount Malosa near Zomba, Malawi]. Lapis, 24 (4). 22-32; 50
Gatta, G. D., Rotiroti, N., McIntyre, G.J., Guastoni, A., Nestola, F. (2008) New insights into the crystal chemistry of epididymite and eudidymite from Malosa, Malawi: A single-crystal neutron diffraction study. American Mineralogist, 93 (7) 1158-1165 doi:10.2138/am.2008.2965
Guastoni, A., Nestola, F., Giaretta, A. (2009) Mineral chemistry and alteration of rare earth element (REE) carbonates from alkaline pegmatites of Mount Malosa, Malawi. American Mineralogist, 94 (8) 1216-1222 doi:10.2138/am.2009.3185
ⓘ Eugsterite (TL)
Formula: Na4Ca(SO4)3 · 2H2O
ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)
Formula: (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
ⓘ Evansite
Formula: Al3(PO4)(OH)6 · 6H2O
ⓘ Eylettersite (TL)
Formula: Th0.75Al3(PO4)2(OH)6
Type Locality:
ⓘ Fayalite
Formula: Fe2+2(SiO4)
Localities: Reported from at least 30 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'
Localities: Reported from at least 54 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 87 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Feldspar Group var. Perthite'
Localities: Reported from at least 28 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Feldspathoid'
ⓘ Ferberite
Formula: FeWO4
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
ⓘ Ferberite var. Reinite
Formula: FeWO4
ⓘ 'Fergusonite'
ⓘ Fergusonite-(Y)
Formula: YNbO4
ⓘ 'Ferrierite Subgroup'
ⓘ 'Ferritchromit'
ⓘ Ferroalluaudite
Formula: (Na,Ca)Fe2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)3
ⓘ Ferro-edenite
Formula: NaCa2Fe2+5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
References:
Garson, M. S. (1960). The geology of the Lake Chilwa area (No. 12). Government Printer.
Stillman, C. J. (1960). The Chikala Hill syenite-complex of southern Nyasaland. South African Journal of Geology, 63(Transactions 1960), 99-118.
Vail, J. R., & Monkman, L. J. (1960). A geological reconnaissance survey of the Chaone Hill ring complex, southern Nyasaland. South African Journal of Geology, 63(1), 119-135.
Bloomfield, K. (1961). The age of the Chilwa alkaline province. Records, Geological Survey of Malawi, 1, 95-100.
Bloomfield, K. (1965). The geology of the Zomba area. Geological Survey Dept. Bulletin, (16).
Vail, J. R., & Mallick, D. I. J. (1965). The Mongolowe Hills nepheline-syenite ring-complex, southern Malawi. Rec. geol. Surv. Malawi, 3, 49-60.
Woolley, Alan R., Garth Platt, R. (1986) The mineralogy of nepheline syenite complexes from the northern part of the Chilwa Province, Malawi. Mineralogical Magazine, 50 (358) 597-610 doi:10.1180/minmag.1986.050.358.05
Woolley, A. R.; Jones, G. C. (1987) The petrochemistry of the northern part of the Chilwa alkaline province, Malawi, in Alkaline Igneous Rocks. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30 (1). 335-355 doi:10.1144/gsl.sp.1987.030.01.16
Eby, G.N., Roden-Tice, M., Krueger, H.L., Ewing, W., Faxon, E.H., Woolley, A.R. (1995) Geochronology and cooling history of the northern part of the Chilwa Alkaline Province, Malawi. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 20 (3) 275-288 doi:10.1016/0899-5362(95)00054-w
Woolley, A. R. (2001) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World, Part 3: Africa - Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World. The Geological Society of London.p.167
ⓘ Ferro-katophorite
Formula: Na(CaNa)(Fe2+4Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
References:
Wooley (2001)
ⓘ Ferro-richterite
Formula: Na(CaNa)Fe2+5(Si8O22)(OH)2
✪ Ferrorosemaryite (TL)
Formula: ◻NaFe2+Fe3+Al(PO4)3
Type Locality:
Colour: Dark green to bronze
ⓘ Ferrosilite
Formula: Fe2+2Si2O6
ⓘ Ferrowodginite
Formula: Fe2+Sn4+Ta2O8
ⓘ Fersmite
Formula: CaNb2O6
ⓘ Fillowite
Formula: Na3CaMn2+11(PO4)9
ⓘ 'Florencite'
ⓘ Florencite-(Nd)
Formula: NdAl3(PO4)2(OH)6
ⓘ 'Fluocerite'
ⓘ Fluorapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F
Localities: Reported from at least 21 localities in this region.
Description: Pale blue crystals show strong pleochroism. Some crystals contain 3-phase inclusions, including graphite crystals.
ⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich Fluorapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
ⓘ Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite
Formula: (Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH)
ⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K)
Formula: KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
ⓘ 'Fluor-buergerite-Dravite Series'
ⓘ Fluorite
Formula: CaF2
Localities: Reported from at least 43 localities in this region.
ⓘ Fluorite var. Yttrofluorite
Formula: (Ca1-xYx)F2+x where 0.05 < x < 0.3
References:
pdfs.semanticscholar.org (n.d.) https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8543/4bac56889ec26ceb38473c1e81e904df30e7.pdf
Dixey, F. (1927). The Mlanje Mountains of Nyasaland. Geographical Review, 17(4), 611-626. doi.org/10.2307/208001
Van der Post, L. (1957). Venture into the Interior. Penguin Books.
Garson, M. S., & Walshaw, R. D. (1969). The geology of the Mlanje area. Bulletin, Geological Survey of Malawi, 21.
Platt, R. Garth, Woolley, Alan R. (1986) The mafic mineralogy of the peralkaline syenites and granites of the Mulanje complex, Malawi. Mineralogical Magazine, 50 (355) 85-99 doi:10.1180/minmag.1986.050.355.12
Platt, R. G., Wall, F., Williams, C. T., Woolley, A. R. (1987) Zirconolite, chevkinite and other rare earth minerals from nepheline syenites and peralkaline granites and syenites of the Chilwa Alkaline Province, Malawi. Mineralogical Magazine, 51 (360) 253-263 doi:10.1180/minmag.1987.051.360.07
ⓘ Fluoro-pargasite
Formula: NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22F2
ⓘ Fluoro-riebeckite
Formula: ◻Na2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Si8O22)F2
References:
Analyzed by Jean-Francois CarpentierIdentification: XRD
ⓘ Fluorstrophite
Formula: SrCaSr3(PO4)3F
ⓘ 'Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series'
ⓘ Foitite
Formula: ◻(Fe2+2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘ Foordite (TL)
Formula: Sn2+Nb2O6
Colour: brownish yellow with a greenish tint
Description: Daltry and von Knorring (1998): "it occurs in contact with stannoan plumbomicrolite, cassiterite, ferro-columbite, staringite, and ixiolite. Foordite from Lutsiro is in fact a lead-bearing variety."
ⓘ Forsterite
Formula: Mg2(SiO4)
Localities: Reported from at least 16 localities in this region.
ⓘ Forsterite var. Peridot
Formula: Mg2SiO4
ⓘ Franklinite
Formula: Zn2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘ Fresnoite
Formula: Ba2Ti(Si2O7)O
ⓘ Frondelite
Formula: (Mn2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)5
ⓘ Furongite
Formula: Al13(UO2)7(PO4)13(OH)14 · 58H2O
ⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)
Formula: Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10
ⓘ Gahnite
Formula: ZnAl2O4
ⓘ Galena
Formula: PbS
Localities: Reported from at least 31 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Garnet Group'
Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 39 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Garnet Group var. Titanium-bearing Garnet'
Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3
References:
Binge, F. W. (1962). Geology of the Kericho Area. Report, Geological Survey of Kenya, 50.
Le Bas, M. J., & Dixon, J. A. (1965). A new carbonatite in the Legetet hills, Kenya. Nature, 207(4992), 68-68. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/207068a0.pdf
Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8
King, B. C., Le Bas, M. J., & Sutherland, D. S. (1972). The history of the alkaline volcanoes and intrusive complexes of eastern Uganda and western Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 128(2), 173-205. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.128.2.0173
Deans, T., & Roberts, B. (1984). Carbonatite tuffs and lava clasts of the Tinderet foothills, western Kenya: a study of calcified natrocarbonatites. Journal of the Geological Society, 141(3), 563-580. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.141.3.0563
ⓘ Gaspéite
Formula: NiCO3
ⓘ Gatumbaite (TL)
Formula: CaAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 · H2O
Type Locality:
ⓘ Gaylussite
Formula: Na2Ca(CO3)2 · 5H2O
ⓘ Gedrite
Formula: ◻Mg2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
ⓘ Gehlenite
Formula: Ca2Al[AlSiO7]
ⓘ Genkinite
Formula: Pt4Sb3
ⓘ Genthelvite
Formula: Be3Zn4(SiO4)3S
ⓘ Germanocolusite
Formula: Cu26V2(Ge,As)6S32
ⓘ Gersdorffite
Formula: NiAsS
ⓘ Geversite
Formula: PtSb2
ⓘ Gibbsite
Formula: Al(OH)3
ⓘ 'Glass'
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
Description: Green glass.
ⓘ Glaucochroite
Formula: CaMn2+(SiO4)
ⓘ 'Glimmerite'
ⓘ 'Gmelinite Subgroup'
ⓘ Goethite
Formula: Fe3+O(OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 31 localities in this region.
ⓘ Gonnardite
Formula: (Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
ⓘ Gormanite
Formula: (Fe2+,Mg)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
ⓘ Götzenite (TL)
Formula: NaCa6Ti(Si2O7)2OF3
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Goyazite
Formula: SrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Graftonite
Formula: Fe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2
ⓘ Graphite
Formula: C
Localities: Reported from at least 33 localities in this region.
Habit: tabular hexagonal with dominant pinacoids but notable lustrous prisms also noted.
Colour: silvery gray
Description: very common at the locality but some of world's best crystals were discovered in a pocket with diopside and fluorapatite in late 2007. See Rocks and Minerals 88(2) (2014).
ⓘ Gravegliaite
Formula: Mn2+SO3 · 3H2O
ⓘ Grayite
Formula: (Th,Pb,Ca)(PO4) · H2O
ⓘ Greenockite
Formula: CdS
ⓘ Gregoryite (TL)
Formula: (Na2,K2,Ca)CO3
Type Locality:
References:
Lithos 13 (1980), 213
Fleischer, Michael, Chao, George Y., Francis, Carl A. (1981) New Mineral Names. American Mineralogist, 66 (7-8) 878-879
Mitchell, Roger H. (1997) Carbonate-carbonate immiscibility, neighborite and potassium iron sulphide in Oldoinyo Lengai natrocarbonatite. Mineralogical Magazine, 61 (409) 779-789 doi:10.1180/minmag.1997.061.409.03
ZAITSEV, A, KELLER, J (2006) Mineralogical and chemical transformation of Oldoinyo Lengai natrocarbonatites, Tanzania. Lithos, 91 (1) 191-207 doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2006.03.018
Mattsson, Hannes B., Reusser, Eric (2010) Mineralogical and geochemical characterization of ashes from an early phase of the explosive September 2007 eruption of Oldoinyo Lengai (Tanzania) Journal of African Earth Sciences, 58 (5) 752-763 doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2010.06.005
Victoria Sekisova, Victor Victorovich Sharygin, A. N. Zaitsev, Stanislav Strekopytov (2015) Liquid Immiscibility Геология и геофизика, 2015, т. 56, № 12, с. 2173—2197
ⓘ Greigite ?
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2S4
ⓘ Griphite
Formula: Na4Li2Ca6(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)19Al8(PO4)24(F,OH)8
ⓘ Grossmanite
Formula: CaTi3+ AlSiO6
ⓘ Grossular
Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 19 localities in this region.
ⓘ Grossular var. Tsavorite (FRL)
Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 16 localities in this region.
ⓘ Gudmundite
Formula: FeSbS
ⓘ 'Gummite'
ⓘ Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 16 localities in this region.
ⓘ Hagendorfite
Formula: NaCaMn2+Fe2+2(PO4)3
ⓘ Halite
Formula: NaCl
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
ⓘ Halloysite
Formula: Al2Si2O5(OH)4 · n(H2O)
ⓘ Halotrichite
Formula: Fe2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
ⓘ Hanksite
Formula: Na22K(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl
ⓘ Hannayite
Formula: (NH4)2Mg3H4(PO4)4 · 8H2O
ⓘ Harmotome
Formula: Ba2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O
ⓘ Hastingsite
Formula: NaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
ⓘ Haüyne
Formula: Na3Ca(Si3Al3)O12(SO4)
ⓘ Hawleyite
Formula: CdS
Locality: Kithiori, Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya - erroneously reported
ⓘ Heazlewoodite
Formula: Ni3S2
ⓘ Hedenbergite
Formula: CaFe2+Si2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 17 localities in this region.
ⓘ Hedenbergite var. Ferrosalite
Formula: CaFe2+Si2O6
References:
pdfs.semanticscholar.org (n.d.) https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8543/4bac56889ec26ceb38473c1e81e904df30e7.pdf
Dixey, F. (1927). The Mlanje Mountains of Nyasaland. Geographical Review, 17(4), 611-626. doi.org/10.2307/208001
Van der Post, L. (1957). Venture into the Interior. Penguin Books.
Garson, M. S., & Walshaw, R. D. (1969). The geology of the Mlanje area. Bulletin, Geological Survey of Malawi, 21.
Platt, R. Garth, Woolley, Alan R. (1986) The mafic mineralogy of the peralkaline syenites and granites of the Mulanje complex, Malawi. Mineralogical Magazine, 50 (355) 85-99 doi:10.1180/minmag.1986.050.355.12
Platt, R. G., Wall, F., Williams, C. T., Woolley, A. R. (1987) Zirconolite, chevkinite and other rare earth minerals from nepheline syenites and peralkaline granites and syenites of the Chilwa Alkaline Province, Malawi. Mineralogical Magazine, 51 (360) 253-263 doi:10.1180/minmag.1987.051.360.07
ⓘ Hejtmanite (TL)
Formula: Ba2Mn2+4Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F2
Type Locality:
ⓘ Helvine
Formula: Be3Mn2+4(SiO4)3S
ⓘ Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
Localities: Reported from at least 47 localities in this region.
ⓘ Hematite var. Martite
Formula: Fe2O3
ⓘ Hematite var. Specularite
Formula: Fe2O3
ⓘ Hercynite
Formula: Fe2+Al2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
ⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite
Formula: (Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4
ⓘ Hessite
Formula: Ag2Te
ⓘ Heterosite
Formula: Fe3+(PO4)
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Heulandite-Ca
Formula: (Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 26H2O
ⓘ 'Heulandite Subgroup'
Formula: (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
ⓘ Hexahydrite
Formula: Mg(H2O)6(SO4)
ⓘ Hibonite
Formula: CaAl12O19
ⓘ Hieratite
Formula: K2[SiF6]
ⓘ Hingganite-(Y)
Formula: (Y,REE,Ca)2(◻,Fe2+)Be2[SiO4]2(OH)2
Habit: 1 mm crystals in fan- and sheafshaped aggregates up to 2 mm. Dominating forms: {110} and {111}
Colour: pale bluish
ⓘ Hollandite
Formula: Ba(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16
ⓘ Holmquistite
Formula: ◻Li2(Mg3Al2)(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘ Hongshiite
Formula: PtCu
ⓘ 'Hornblende Root Name Group'
Formula: ◻Ca2(C2+4C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
Localities: Reported from at least 22 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Högbomite Group'
ⓘ Hureaulite
Formula: Mn2+5(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O
ⓘ Hydrokenoelsmoreite
Formula: ◻2W2O6(H2O)
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Hydrokenoelsmoreite var. Alumotungstite
Formula: ◻2W2O6(H2O)
ⓘ Hydrokenoelsmoreite var. Ferritungstite
Formula: ◻2(W,Fe3+)2(O,OH)6(H2O)
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Hydropyrochlore (TL)
Formula: (H2O,◻)2Nb2(O,OH)6(H2O)
Type Locality:
ⓘ Hydrotungstite
Formula: WO3 · 2H2O
ⓘ Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)
Formula: KCa4(Si8O20)(OH,F) · 8H2O
ⓘ Hydroxykenoelsmoreite (TL)
Formula: (◻,Pb)2(W,Fe3+,Al)2(O,OH)6(OH)
Type Locality:
ⓘ Hydroxylapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
ⓘ 'Hypersthene'
Formula: (Mg,Fe)SiO3
ⓘ 'Iddingsite'
ⓘ Ilmenite
Formula: Fe2+TiO3
Localities: Reported from at least 58 localities in this region.
ⓘ Ilmenite var. Manganese-bearing Ilmenite
Formula: (Fe,Mn)2+TiO3
ⓘ 'Ilmenite-Pyrophanite Series'
ⓘ Irarsite
Formula: (Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
ⓘ Isoferroplatinum
Formula: Pt3Fe
ⓘ Isokite (TL)
Formula: CaMg(PO4)F
Type Locality:
ⓘ 'Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series'
ⓘ Jacobsite
Formula: Mn2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘ Jarosite
Formula: KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘ Jennite
Formula: Ca9(Si3O9)2(OH)8 · 8H2O
Description: Occurs in vesicles in lava and rare dike rocks.
ⓘ Johnsomervilleite
Formula: Na3CaFe11(PO4)9
ⓘ Jordanite
Formula: Pb14As6S23
ⓘ Jörgkellerite (TL)
Formula: (Na,◻)3Mn3+3(PO4)2(CO3)(O,OH)2 · 5H2O
Type Locality:
ⓘ Kaersutite
Formula: NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
ⓘ Kainosite-(Y)
Formula: Ca2Y2(SiO3)4(CO3) · H2O
ⓘ Kalicinite
Formula: KHCO3
ⓘ Kalsilite
Formula: KAlSiO4
ⓘ Kamitugaite (TL)
Formula: PbAl[(UO2)5(PO4)2.38(AsO4)0.62O2(OH)2] · 11.5H2O
Type Locality:
ⓘ Kanemite
Formula: HNaSi2O5 · 3H2O
ⓘ Kaolinite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Localities: Reported from at least 28 localities in this region.
ⓘ Karelianite
Formula: V3+2O3
ⓘ Kasolite
Formula: Pb(UO2)(SiO4) · H2O
ⓘ Katophorite
Formula: Na(CaNa){Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 27 localities in this region.
ⓘ Keckite
Formula: CaMn2+(Fe3+Mn2+)Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)3 · 7H2O
ⓘ Keithconnite
Formula: Pd20Te7
ⓘ Kenyaite (TL)
Formula: Na2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O
ⓘ Kerimasite (TL)
Formula: Ca3Zr2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
ⓘ 'K Feldspar'
Localities: Reported from at least 39 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'K Feldspar var. Adularia'
Formula: KAlSi3O8
ⓘ Kieserite
Formula: MgSO4 · H2O
ⓘ Kimzeyite
Formula: Ca3Zr2(SiO4)(AlO4)2
ⓘ Kirschsteinite (TL)
Formula: CaFe2+(SiO4)
ⓘ Kitagohaite (TL)
Formula: Pt7Cu
Type Locality:
ⓘ 'Kivuite'
Formula: Th(UO2)4(PO3OH)2(OH)8 · 7H2O
ⓘ Klockmannite
Formula: CuSe
Locality: Kithiori, Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya - erroneously reported
ⓘ Kobokoboite (TL)
Formula: Al6(PO4)4(OH)6 · 11H2O
Type Locality:
ⓘ Kogarkoite
Formula: Na3(SO4)F
ⓘ Kornerupine
Formula: Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
ⓘ Kotulskite
Formula: Pd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4)
ⓘ Kozoite-(La)
Formula: La(CO3)(OH)
ⓘ Kupletskite
Formula: K2NaMn2+7Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F
References:
Bloomfield, K. (1965). The geology of the Zomba area. Geological Survey Dept. Bulletin, (16).
Woolley, A. R.; Jones, G. C. (1987) The petrochemistry of the northern part of the Chilwa alkaline province, Malawi, in Alkaline Igneous Rocks. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30 (1). 335-355 doi:10.1144/gsl.sp.1987.030.01.16
Woolley, Alan R., Platt, R. Garth (1988) The Peralkaline Nepheline Syenites of the Junguni Intrusion, Chilwa Province, Malawi. Mineralogical Magazine, 52 (367) 425-433 doi:10.1180/minmag.1988.052.367.01
Eby, G.N., Roden-Tice, M., Krueger, H.L., Ewing, W., Faxon, E.H., Woolley, A.R. (1995) Geochronology and cooling history of the northern part of the Chilwa Alkaline Province, Malawi. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 20 (3) 275-288 doi:10.1016/0899-5362(95)00054-w
Woolley, A. R. (2001) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World, Part 3: Africa - Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World. The Geological Society of London.
Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189
ⓘ Kyanite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
Localities: Reported from at least 31 localities in this region.
Colour: Deep blue
Fluorescence: LW UV: Red
Description: Astonishingly gemmy crystals for the species. Crystals tend to exhibit striking pleochroism. One set of opposing faces shows a transluscent pale blue, while the other set features two distinctly zoned indigo lines encompassing a central, nearly colorless line. Crystals also typically exhibit mild red fluorescence under LW UV, due to the presence of trivalent chromium substitutions in place of aluminum.
ⓘ Lacroixite
Formula: NaAl(PO4)F
Description: Described by Fransolet and Abraham (1983) as a Na-Li-Al phosphate replacing montebrasite.
ⓘ Laitakarite
Formula: Bi4(Se,S)3
ⓘ Lamprophyllite
Formula: (Na,Mn2+)3(Sr,Na)2(Ti,Fe3+)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH,O,F)2
ⓘ Landesite
Formula: Mn2+3-xFe3+x(PO4)2(OH)x · (3-x)H2O
ⓘ Låvenite
Formula: Na2Ca2Mn2Zr2(Si2O7)2O2F2
ⓘ Larnite
Formula: Ca2SiO4
ⓘ Latrappite
Formula: Ca2NbFe3+O6
ⓘ Laumontite
Formula: CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Habit: blocky
Colour: white
Description: associated with excellent gemmy green diopside and well-formed graphite crystals in an open pocket in December 2007
ⓘ Laurite
Formula: RuS2
ⓘ Lazulite
Formula: MgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2
ⓘ 'Lazulite-Scorzalite Series'
ⓘ 'Lepidolite'
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Leucite
Formula: K(AlSi2O6)
ⓘ Leucophosphite
Formula: KFe3+2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O
ⓘ 'Leucoxene'
ⓘ Liddicoatite
Formula: Ca(Li2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘ 'Limonite'
Localities: Reported from at least 27 localities in this region.
ⓘ Linnaeite
Formula: Co2+Co3+2S4
ⓘ Lipscombite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2
ⓘ Lithiophilite
Formula: LiMn2+PO4
ⓘ Lithiophilite var. Sicklerite
Formula: Li1-x(Mn3+xMn2+1-x)PO4
ⓘ Lithiophorite
Formula: (Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2
ⓘ Lithiowodginite
Formula: LiTa3O8
ⓘ Lizardite
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ Lonecreekite
Formula: (NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O
ⓘ Luberoite
Formula: Pt5Se4
ⓘ Lueshite (TL)
Formula: NaNbO3
Type Locality:
References:
doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(89)90077-8
doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1996.060.402.03
Safiannikoff, A. 1959. Un nouveau mineral de niobium. Bulletin des Seances. Academie Royale des Sciences d'Outre-Mer. Bruxelles, 5, 1251-1255.
Safiannikoff, A. 1966. Gisement de pyrochlore de Lueshe. Annales de la Societe Geologique de Belgique, 90 (4), B461-486.
Pineau, F. & Javoy, M. 1969. Determination des rapports isotopiques O/O et C/C dans diverses carbonatites, implications genetiques. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences. Paris, 269D, 1930-1933.
Meyer, A., & De Béthune, P. (1958). La carbonatite Lueshe (Kivu): étude géologique. Service Géologique, Congo Belge, 8 (5), 1-19 and 1-12.
Acad. Roy. Sci.Outre-Mer, Brussels, (1959) 5, 1251-1255
Brasseur, H., Herman, P., & Hubaux, A. (1961). Apatites de l'est du Congo et du Ruanda. Bulletin-Société géologique de Belgique, 85(2), B61-B85.
Verhaeghe, M. (1963). Inventaire des gisements de calcaires, dolomies et travertins du Kivu, du Rwanda et du Burundi. Service géologique, Mémoire, (3).
Denayer, M. E. (1970). Rapports isotopiques O e C et condition d'affleurement dês carbonatites de 1'Affrique Central. Compt. Rend. D, 270, 2155-2158.
Bellon, H., Pouclet, A. (1980) Datations K-Ar de quelques laves du Rift-ouest de l'Afrique Centrale; implications sur l'évolution magmatique et structurale. Geologische Rundschau, 69 (1) 49-62 doi:10.1007/bf01869023
Maravic, H.v., Morteani, G. (1980) Petrology and geochemistry of the carbonatite and syenite complex of Lueshe (N.E. Zaire) Lithos, 13 (2) 159-170 doi:10.1016/0024-4937(80)90017-1
van Overbeke, A. C. (1996). Le complexe à carbonatite et syénite de la Lueshe (N-Kivu, Zaïre): pétrogenèse des roches ignées et caractérisation géochimique des processus métasomatiques (fénitisation) (Doctoral dissertation, UCL-Université Catholique de Louvain).
Kampunzu, A.B., Kramers, J.D., Makutu, M.N. (1998) Rb-Sr whole rock ages of the Lueshe, Kirumba and Numbi igneous complexes (Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo) and the break-up of the Rodinia supercontinent. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 26 (1). 29-36 doi:10.1016/s0899-5362(97)00134-6
ⓘ Mackinawite
Formula: FeS
ⓘ Magadiite (TL)
Formula: Na2Si14O29 · 11H2O
ⓘ Maghemite
Formula: (Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe3+2O4
ⓘ Magnesio-arfvedsonite
Formula: NaNa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si8O22)(OH)2
✪ Magnesiochromite
Formula: MgCr2O4
ⓘ Magnesioferrite
Formula: MgFe3+2O4
ⓘ Magnesio-hastingsite
Formula: NaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Description: The mineral occurs as megacrysts up to 12 cm in size in crystal-rich tuff. Zaitsev et al. (2013) publish the following empirical formula (Na0.68K0.32)Σ1.00(Ca1.88Na0.12Mn0.02)Σ2.03(Mg2.92Fe2+0.98Fe3+0.55Ti0.49Al0.12)Σ5.06(Al1.97Si6.03O22)(O0.70OH1.30)Σ2.00
ⓘ Magnesio-hornblende
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
ⓘ Magnesiohögbomite-2N3S (TL)
Formula: [(Mg,Fe2+,Zn)4(Al,Ti,Fe3+)10O19(OH)]2
Type Locality:
ⓘ Magnesiohögbomite-6N6S (TL)
Formula: [(Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Ti,Fe3+)8O15(OH)]6
Type Locality:
ⓘ Magnesite
Formula: MgCO3
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
ⓘ Magnesite var. Breunnerite
Formula: (Mg,Fe)CO3
ⓘ Magnesite var. Iron-bearing Magnesite
Formula: (Mg,Fe)CO3
ⓘ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 125 localities in this region.
ⓘ Magnetite var. Chrommagnetite
Formula: Fe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4
ⓘ Magnetite var. Ishkulite
Formula: Fe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4
ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
ⓘ Makatite (TL)
Formula: Na2Si4O8(OH)2 · 4H2O
Type Locality:
ⓘ Malachite
Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Manganese Oxides'
ⓘ 'Manganese Oxides var. Manganese Dendrites'
References:
Jewel Tunnel specimensIdentified by Alfredo Petrov: Visual Identification
ⓘ Manganite
Formula: Mn3+O(OH)
ⓘ Manganoneptunite ?
Formula: KNa2Li(Mn2+)2Ti2[Si4O12]2
Colour: black, shiny
Description: Described by Petersen et al (1994) without any chemical anlysis, but x-ray pattern suggested manganoneptunite
ⓘ Marcasite
Formula: FeS2
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Margarite
Formula: CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
ⓘ Marialite
Formula: Na4Al3Si9O24Cl
ⓘ Mascagnite
Formula: (NH4)2SO4
Description: Occurs around active volcanic fumaroles.
ⓘ Maslovite
Formula: PtBiTe
ⓘ Maucherite
Formula: Ni11As8
ⓘ Melanophlogite
Formula: 46SiO2 · 6(N2,CO2) · 2(CH4,N2)
ⓘ 'Melilite Group'
Formula: Ca2M(XSiO7)
Localities: Reported from at least 29 localities in this region.
ⓘ Melonite
Formula: NiTe2
ⓘ Meneghinite
Formula: Pb13CuSb7S24
ⓘ Menshikovite
Formula: Pd3Ni2As3
ⓘ Merelaniite (TL)
Formula: Mo4Pb4VSbS15
Type Locality:
ⓘ Merrillite
Formula: Ca9NaMg(PO4)7
ⓘ Mesolite
Formula: Na2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
Habit: acicular
Colour: white
Description: associated with excellent gemmy green diopside and well-formed graphite crystals in an open pocket in December 2007
ⓘ Meta-ankoleite (TL)
Formula: K2(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Type Locality:
ⓘ Meta-autunite
Formula: Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
ⓘ Metavanmeersscheite (TL)
Formula: U6+(UO2)3(PO4)2(OH)6 · 2H2O
Type Locality:
ⓘ 'Meteoritic Iron'
Description: One populations of Iron-rich metal -- Iron w. ~5%-7% Nickel
ⓘ Meymacite (TL)
Formula: WO3 · 2H2O
ⓘ 'Mica Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 17 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Mica Group var. Lepidomelane'
ⓘ Michenerite
Formula: PdBiTe
ⓘ Microcline
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 45 localities in this region.
Habit: short-prismatic discrete crystals up to 1 mm
Colour: white, colorless
Description: Found on K-feldspar, aegirine and quartz
ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Habit: Carlsbader-,Baveno and Manebacher twins
Colour: Green
Description: Crystals up to 30 cm
ⓘ 'Microlite Group'
Formula: A2-mTa2X6-wZ1-n
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Description: Daltry & von Knorring (1998) mention a "stannoan plumbomicrolite" associated with foordite, cassiterite, columbite-(Fe), staringite, and ixiolite.
ⓘ 'Microperthite'
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Milarite
Formula: K(◻H2O)Ca2(Be2Al)[Si12O30]
Description: Y-rich: K(Ca,Y)2(Be,Al)2[Si12O30]
ⓘ Millerite
Formula: NiS
ⓘ Millisite
Formula: (Na,K)CaAl6(PO4)4(OH)9 · 3H2O
ⓘ Mirabilite
Formula: Na2SO4 · 10H2O
ⓘ Mitridatite
Formula: Ca2Fe3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
ⓘ Mohrite
Formula: (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 · 6H2O
ⓘ Moissanite
Formula: SiC
Locality: Kithiori, Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya - erroneously reported
ⓘ Molybdenite
Formula: MoS2
Localities: Reported from at least 14 localities in this region.
ⓘ Monazite-(Ce)
Formula: Ce(PO4)
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Monazite Group'
Formula: REE(PO4)
Localities: Reported from at least 32 localities in this region.
ⓘ Monazite-(La)
Formula: La(PO4)
ⓘ Moncheite
Formula: Pt(Te,Bi)2
ⓘ Monohydrocalcite
Formula: CaCO3 · H2O
ⓘ Montanite
Formula: Bi2(TeO6) · nH2O
ⓘ Montdorite
Formula: KFe2+1.5Mn2+0.5Mg0.5Si4O10(F,OH)2
ⓘ Montebrasite
Formula: LiAl(PO4)(OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Monticellite
Formula: CaMg(SiO4)
ⓘ Montmorillonite
Formula: (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
ⓘ Moreauite (TL)
Formula: Al3(UO2)(PO4)3(OH)2 · 13H2O
Type Locality:
ⓘ Morimotoite
Formula: Ca3(TiFe2+)(SiO4)3
ⓘ Mpororoite (TL)
Formula: WAlO3(OH)3 · 2(H2O)
Type Locality:
ⓘ Mukhinite
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlV3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Description: Identified in epoxy mount FKM-26 as a single 50 micron rim surrounding an unidentified Cu-V-S mineral (sulvanite?), within massive vanadian tremolite (~1.7 wt% V) + calcite matrix. Additional minerals in sample include scattered phlogopite (~1.0 wt% V), minor clinochlore (~2 wt% V), minor quartz, minor goldmanite-grossular solid-solution, scattered graphite, minor vanadian titanite (~3.5 wt% V, and a minor unidentified Pb-V-As mineral. The mukhinite grain contains 9.25 wt% V and 3.3 wt% Cr.
ⓘ Mullite
Formula: Al4+2xSi2-2xO10-x
ⓘ Mundite (TL)
Formula: Al(UO2)3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5.5H2O
Type Locality:
ⓘ Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 85 localities in this region.
ⓘ Muscovite var. Fuchsite
Formula: K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite
Formula: K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 26 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Muscovite-2M2'
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ Muthmannite
Formula: AuAgTe2
ⓘ Nacareniobsite-(Ce)
Formula: Na3Ca3(Ce,REE)Nb(Si2O7)2OF3
ⓘ Nacrite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ Nahcolite
Formula: NaHCO3
ⓘ Native Antimony
Formula: Sb
ⓘ Native Arsenic
Formula: As
ⓘ Native Bismuth
Formula: Bi
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
ⓘ Native Copper
Formula: Cu
ⓘ Native Gold
Formula: Au
Localities: Reported from at least 48 localities in this region.
ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum
Formula: (Au,Ag)
ⓘ Native Iridium
Formula: (Ir,Os,Ru)
ⓘ Native Iron
Formula: Fe
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Native Iron var. Kamacite
Formula: (Fe,Ni)
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Native Lead
Formula: Pb
ⓘ Native Osmium
Formula: (Os,Ir,Ru)
ⓘ Native Osmium var. Iridosmine
Formula: (Os,Ir)
ⓘ Native Palladium
Formula: (Pd,Pt)
ⓘ Native Platinum
Formula: Pt
ⓘ Native Ruthenium
Formula: (Ru,Ir)
ⓘ Native Silver
Formula: Ag
ⓘ Native Sulphur
Formula: S8
ⓘ Natrolite
Formula: Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Natromontebrasite'
Description: Listed as fremontite in both Gallagher & Gerards and Daltry & Von Knorring (1998), the latter of which questions the occurrence in one instance and seems to confirm it in 2 others.
ⓘ Natron
Formula: Na2CO3 · 10H2O
ⓘ 'Natropyrochlore'
ⓘ Népouite
Formula: Ni3Si2O5(OH)4
ⓘ Neighborite
Formula: NaMgF3
ⓘ Nepheline
Formula: Na3K(Al4Si4O16)
Localities: Reported from at least 98 localities in this region.
ⓘ Newberyite
Formula: Mg(PO3OH) · 3H2O
ⓘ Nickeline
Formula: NiAs
ⓘ 'Nickel-iron'
ⓘ Niggliite
Formula: PtSn
Description: as sparse individual grains
ⓘ Niningerite
Formula: MgS
ⓘ Niobophyllite
Formula: K2NaFe2+7(NbTi)[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4O
Description: Much labelled "Niobophyllite" is not. Please see: https://www.mindat.org/forum.php?read,6,423443,423443,page=1#msg-423443
ⓘ Niocalite
Formula: (Ca,Nb)4(Si2O7)(O,OH,F)2
Description: Occurs in a solid solution with cuspidine.
ⓘ Nisbite
Formula: NiSb2
ⓘ Nitratine
Formula: NaNO3
ⓘ Nitromagnesite
Formula: Mg(NO3)2 · 6H2O
ⓘ Nontronite
Formula: Na0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
✪ Northupite
Formula: Na3Mg(CO3)2Cl
Habit: octahedral
Colour: gray/brown
Description: 1,5 cm large
ⓘ Nosean
Formula: Na8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4) · H2O
ⓘ Nyerereite (TL)
Formula: Na2Ca(CO3)2
Description: Carbonatite lava, 1963 flow.
ⓘ Oldhamite
Formula: CaS
ⓘ 'Olivine Group'
Formula: M2SiO4
ⓘ Omphacite
Formula: (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(AleFe3+fFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
ⓘ Opal
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
Localities: Reported from at least 19 localities in this region.
ⓘ Opal var. Opal-A
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘ Opal var. Opal-AN
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘ Opal var. Opal-CT
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
Fluorescence: white or bluish‐white
ⓘ Opal var. Opaline
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘ Opal var. Prase Opal
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘ Opal var. White Opal
References:
GIA 2019
ⓘ Orpiment
Formula: As2S3
ⓘ Orthoclase
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 19 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'
Description: In spinel harzburgite.
ⓘ Osbornite
Formula: TiN
Locality: Kithiori, Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya - erroneously reported
ⓘ Osumilite-(Mg)
Formula: K◻2Mg2Al3[Al2Si10O30]
ⓘ Oxo-magnesio-hastingsite (TL)
Formula: NaCa2(Mg3(Fe3+2-x,Tix))5(Si6Al2O22)O2
Type Locality:
Description: Up to 12 cm phenocrysts in tuff. Chemical composition according to Zaitsev et al. (2013): (Na0.67K0.33)Σ1.00(Ca1.87Na0.14Mn0.01)Σ2.02(Mg3.27[b]Fe3+1.25[/b]Ti0.44Al0.08)Σ5.04(Al1.80Si6.20O22)(O1.40OH0.60)Σ2.00
ⓘ Oxy-dravite (TL)
Formula: Na(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
Type Locality:
ⓘ 'Oxynatropyrochlore'
Formula: (Na,Ca,U)2Nb2O6(O,OH)
Description: Atencioet al. (2010) comments that the analysis nr 3 in Hogarth & Horne (1989) of a urnapyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977) is oxynatropyrochlore.
ⓘ Palladosilicide (TL)
Formula: Pd2Si
Type Locality:
ⓘ Paragonite
Formula: NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ Parascandolaite ?
Formula: KMgF3
ⓘ Pargasite
Formula: NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Parisite'
Formula: Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
ⓘ Parisite-(Ce)
Formula: CaCe2(CO3)3F2
Description: Many "parisites" are pseudomorphs after muscovite. Please see: https://www.mindat.org/forum.php?read,106,325357,325535#msg-325535
ⓘ Parkerite
Formula: Ni3(Bi,Pb)2S2
ⓘ Pectolite
Formula: NaCa2Si3O8(OH)
ⓘ Pentlandite
Formula: (NixFey)Σ9S8
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
ⓘ Periclase
Formula: MgO
ⓘ Permingeatite
Formula: Cu3SbSe4
Locality: Kithiori, Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya - erroneously reported
ⓘ Perovskite
Formula: CaTiO3
Localities: Reported from at least 27 localities in this region.
ⓘ Perryite
Formula: (Ni,Fe)5(Si,P)2
ⓘ Petalite
Formula: LiAl(Si4O10)
ⓘ Petzite
Formula: Ag3AuTe2
ⓘ Phenakite
Formula: Be2SiO4
ⓘ Phillipsite-Ca
Formula: Ca3(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O
ⓘ 'Phillipsite Subgroup'
Formula: (Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
ⓘ Phlogopite
Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 37 localities in this region.
ⓘ Phlogopite var. Chromium-bearing Phlogopite
Formula: K(Mg,Cr)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Description: Ti-rich chromian phlogopite.
ⓘ Phlogopite var. Titanium-bearing Phlogopite
Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ Phlogopite var. Vanadium-bearing phlogopite
Formula: K(Mg,V3+)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ Phosphosiderite
Formula: FePO4 · 2H2O
Description: Listed as clinostrengite and as metastrengite in Daltry & von Knorring (1998).
ⓘ Phosphuranylite
Formula: KCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O
ⓘ Phuralumite (TL)
Formula: Al2[(UO2)3(PO4)2O(OH)](OH)3(H2O)9
Type Locality:
Habit: Prismatic crystals.
ⓘ Phurcalite
Formula: Ca2(UO2)3(PO4)2O2 · 7H2O
ⓘ 'Phyllosilicate'
ⓘ Piemontite
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘ 'Piemontite-Epidote Series'
ⓘ Pigeonite
Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘ Pilsenite
Formula: Bi4Te3
ⓘ 'Pinite'
Description: Listed as "killinite" in Daltry & von Knorring (1998).
ⓘ Pirssonite
Formula: Na2Ca(CO3)2 · 2H2O
ⓘ 'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Localities: Reported from at least 49 localities in this region.
ⓘ Planerite
Formula: Al6(PO4)2(PO3OH)2(OH)8 · 4H2O
ⓘ 'Plessite'
ⓘ 'Plumbomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)' (FRL)
ⓘ Plumbopalladinite
Formula: Pd3Pb2
ⓘ 'Plumbopyrochlore (of Atencio et al.)'
ⓘ Pollucite
Formula: (Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
ⓘ Polydymite
Formula: Ni2+Ni3+2S4
ⓘ Polyhalite
Formula: K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O
ⓘ Polylithionite
Formula: KLi2Al(Si4O10)(F,OH)2
ⓘ Potassic-ferro-ferri-taramite (TL)
Formula: K(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
ⓘ Powellite
Formula: Ca(MoO4)
ⓘ Prehnite
Formula: Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
ⓘ Pseudobrookite
Formula: Fe2TiO5
ⓘ Pseudomalachite
Formula: Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4
ⓘ 'Psilomelane'
ⓘ Purpurite
Formula: Mn3+(PO4)
ⓘ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
Localities: Reported from at least 81 localities in this region.
ⓘ Pyrite var. Arsenic-bearing Pyrite
Formula: Fe(S,As)2
ⓘ Pyrite var. Bravoite
Formula: (Fe,Ni)S2
ⓘ Pyrite var. Cobalt-bearing Pyrite
Formula: (Fe,Co)S2
ⓘ 'Pyrobitumen'
ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Group'
Formula: A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Localities: Reported from at least 38 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Group var. Uranpyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977)'
Formula: (Ca,U,Ce)2(Nb,Ti,Ta)2O6(OH,F)
ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Group var. Zero valent dominant member of Pyrochlore Group'
Description: First described as "pandaite"
ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Supergroup'
Formula: A2-mD2X6-wZ1-n
ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)'
Formula: (Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
ⓘ Pyrolusite
Formula: Mn4+O2
ⓘ Pyromorphite
Formula: Pb5(PO4)3Cl
ⓘ Pyrope
Formula: Mg3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘ Pyrophanite
Formula: Mn2+TiO3
Colour: black metallic
Description: Crystals to 5mm in diameter ; as star-twins
ⓘ Pyrophyllite
Formula: Al2Si4O10(OH)2
ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'
Formula: ADSi2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 71 localities in this region.
ⓘ Pyrrhotite
Formula: Fe1-xS
Localities: Reported from at least 33 localities in this region.
ⓘ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 244 localities in this region.
ⓘ Quartz var. Agate
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
ⓘ Quartz var. Blue Lace Agate
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Quartz var. Blue Quartz
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
ⓘ Quartz var. Milky Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Quartz var. Rock Crystal
Formula: SiO2
Description: Listed as "hyaline quartz" in Daltry & von Knorring (1998).
ⓘ Quartz var. Rose Quartz
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Quartz var. Shocked Quartz
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
ⓘ Rankamaite (TL)
Formula: (Na,K)3(Ta,Nb,Al)11(O,OH)31
Type Locality:
ⓘ Ranunculite (TL)
Formula: HAl(UO2)(PO4)(OH)3 · 4H2O
Type Locality:
ⓘ Raspite
Formula: Pb(WO4)
ⓘ Rasvumite
Formula: KFe2S3
ⓘ Reinhardbraunsite
Formula: Ca5(SiO4)2(OH,F)2
ⓘ 'Rhabdophane'
ⓘ Rhabdophane-(Ce)
Formula: Ce(PO4) · 0.6H2O
ⓘ 'Rhabdophane Group'
Formula: (REE,Ca,Th)(PO4) · H2O
ⓘ Rhabdophane-(La)
Formula: La(PO4) · H2O
ⓘ Rhabdophane-(Nd)
Formula: Nd(PO4) · H2O
ⓘ Rhodesite
Formula: KHCa2Si8O19 · 5H2O
ⓘ Rhodochrosite
Formula: MnCO3
Colour: brown
ⓘ Rhodonite
Formula: CaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
ⓘ 'Rhombohedral Carbonate'
Formula: (Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
Localities: Reported from at least 18 localities in this region.
ⓘ Richardsite (TL)
Formula: Zn2CuGaS4
Type Locality:
ⓘ Richterite
Formula: Na(CaNa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘ Rickardite ?
Formula: Cu7Te5
ⓘ Riebeckite
Formula: ◻Na2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)Si8O22(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 28 localities in this region.
Description: Riebeckite from this locality is analysed with the following results: SiO2 50,21%, Ti02 0,12%,Al2O3 1,66%, Fe2O3 16.51%, FeO 21.23%. MnO 0.09%, MgO 1.07%. CaO 0.55% Na2O 6.46% K20 0.52% OH 1,65% F 0,10%. Total 100.17. Acicular crystals up to 18 cm with quartz in vugs are described.
ⓘ Rockbridgeite
Formula: (Fe2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)5
ⓘ Roedderite
Formula: K(◻Na)Mg2Mg3[Si12O30]
ⓘ Romanèchite
Formula: (Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
ⓘ Rosemaryite
Formula: (Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe2+)(Fe3+,Mg)Al(PO4)3
ⓘ Rosenbuschite
Formula: Na6Ca6Zr3Ti(Si2O7)4O2F6
References:
Bloomfield, K. (1965). The geology of the Zomba area. Geological Survey Dept. Bulletin, (16).
Woolley, A. R.; Jones, G. C. (1987) The petrochemistry of the northern part of the Chilwa alkaline province, Malawi, in Alkaline Igneous Rocks. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30 (1). 335-355 doi:10.1144/gsl.sp.1987.030.01.16
Woolley, Alan R., Platt, R. Garth (1988) The Peralkaline Nepheline Syenites of the Junguni Intrusion, Chilwa Province, Malawi. Mineralogical Magazine, 52 (367) 425-433 doi:10.1180/minmag.1988.052.367.01
Eby, G.N., Roden-Tice, M., Krueger, H.L., Ewing, W., Faxon, E.H., Woolley, A.R. (1995) Geochronology and cooling history of the northern part of the Chilwa Alkaline Province, Malawi. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 20 (3) 275-288 doi:10.1016/0899-5362(95)00054-w
Woolley, A. R. (2001) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World, Part 3: Africa - Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World. The Geological Society of London.
Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189
ⓘ Rossmanite
Formula: ◻(LiAl2)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘ Ruarsite
Formula: (Ru,Os)AsS
ⓘ Rustenburgite
Formula: (Pt,Pd)3Sn
Description: as sparse individual grains
ⓘ Rutheniridosmine
Formula: (Ir,Os,Ru)
ⓘ Rutherfordine (TL)
Formula: (UO2)CO3
Description: Replaces uraninite cubes (size : up to 3 centimeters).
ⓘ Rutile
Formula: TiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 43 localities in this region.
ⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile
Formula: (Ti,Nb)O2
ⓘ Rutile var. Niobium-bearing Rutile
Formula: (Ti,Nb)O2
ⓘ Salammoniac
Formula: NH4Cl
ⓘ Saléeite
Formula: Mg(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10H2O
ⓘ Samarskite-(Y)
Formula: YFe3+Nb2O8
ⓘ Samuelsonite
Formula: (Ca,Ba)Ca8Fe2+2Mn2+2Al2(PO4)10(OH)2
Habit: fibrous
Colour: greenish yellow
Description: Associated with lazulite-scorzalite series in trolleite.
References:
von Knorring, O. (1972) Notes on phosphate minerals from Buranga pegmatite. 16th annual Report Res. Inst. afr. Geol., Univ. Leeds: 56-57.
von Knorring, O. (1973) Notes on pegmatite minerals from Rwanda, Uganda and South West Africa. 17th annual Report Res. Inst. afr. Geol., Univ. Leeds, 72-73.
Fransolet, A.-M., von Knorring, O., Fontan, F. (1992) A new occurrence of samuelsonite in the Buranga Pegmatite, Rwanda. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland, 64 (1). 13-21 doi:10.17741/bgsf/64.1.002
Daltry, V.D.C., von Knorring, O. (1998) Type-mineralogy of Rwanda with particular reference to the Buranga pegmatite. Geologica Belgica: 1: 9-15. https://popups.uliege.be/1374-8505/index.php?id=1593
Anthony, John Williams, Bideaux, Richard A., Bladh, Kenneth W., Nichols, Monte C. (2000) Handbook of Mineralogy Vol. 4 - Arsenates, phosphates, vanadates. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, Arizona.
ⓘ Sanidine
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 30 localities in this region.
ⓘ Saponite
Formula: Ca0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
ⓘ Sapphirine
Formula: Mg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Colour: Yellow
ⓘ Sarcopside
Formula: Fe2+3(PO4)2
ⓘ 'Saussurite'
ⓘ 'Scapolite'
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
ⓘ Schairerite
Formula: Na21(SO4)7ClF6
ⓘ Scheelite
Formula: Ca(WO4)
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Schorl
Formula: NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Schorlomite
Formula: Ca3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
ⓘ Schreibersite
Formula: (Fe,Ni)3P
ⓘ Schreyerite (TL)
Formula: V3+2Ti4+3O9
Type Locality:
ⓘ Scolecite
Formula: CaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
ⓘ Scorodite
Formula: Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
ⓘ Scorzalite
Formula: Fe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2
ⓘ Searlesite
Formula: Na(H2BSi2O7)
ⓘ Sellaite
Formula: MgF2
ⓘ Sepiolite
Formula: Mg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O
ⓘ 'Serpentine Subgroup'
Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
ⓘ Serrabrancaite
Formula: MnPO4 · H2O
ⓘ Shortite
Formula: Na2Ca2(CO3)3
ⓘ Siderite
Formula: FeCO3
Localities: Reported from at least 19 localities in this region.
ⓘ Siderophyllite
Formula: KFe2+2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
ⓘ Siegenite
Formula: CoNi2S4
Description: Ferroan
ⓘ Sigismundite
Formula: (Ba◻)(Fe2+◻)Ca(Na2◻)Fe2+13Al(PO4)11(PO3OH)(OH)2
ⓘ 'Silica'
ⓘ Sillimanite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
Localities: Reported from at least 14 localities in this region.
ⓘ Simpsonite
Formula: Al4Ta3O13(OH)
ⓘ Sinoite
Formula: Si2N2O
ⓘ Skaergaardite
Formula: PdCu
ⓘ 'Smectite Group'
Formula: A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
ⓘ Smithsonite
Formula: ZnCO3
ⓘ Smythite
Formula: (Fe,Ni)3+xS4 (x=0-0.3)
ⓘ 'Soapstone'
ⓘ Sobolevskite
Formula: PdBi
ⓘ 'Soda'
ⓘ Sodalite
Formula: Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Localities: Reported from at least 43 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Sodic amphibole'
Localities: Reported from at least 30 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Sodic plagioclase'
ⓘ 'Sodium Amphibole Subgroup'
Formula: A0-1Na2(C2+2-4C3+1-2Li0-1)Σ5(Si8-mAlmO22)(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ 'Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup'
Formula: An(NaCa)(C2+5-mC3+m)(Si8-(n+m+1)Al(n+m-1)O22)V2
ⓘ Sopcheite
Formula: Ag4Pd3Te4
ⓘ Souzalite
Formula: Mg3Al4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
ⓘ Sperrylite
Formula: PtAs2
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Spessartine
Formula: Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘ Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
Localities: Reported from at least 31 localities in this region.
ⓘ Spinel
Formula: MgAl2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 30 localities in this region.
Colour: purple, pinkish-purple, brownish-purple, and violet
ⓘ Spodumene
Formula: LiAlSi2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
ⓘ Spodumene var. Kunzite
Formula: LiAlSi2O6
ⓘ Spurrite
Formula: Ca5(SiO4)2(CO3)
ⓘ Stanĕkite
Formula: (Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Fe3+(PO4)O
ⓘ Stannite
Formula: Cu2FeSnS4
ⓘ 'Staringite'
Formula: (Fe,Mn)x(Ta,Nb)2xSn6-3xO12
ⓘ Staurolite
Formula: Fe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
ⓘ Staurolite var. Lusakite
Formula: (Fe,Mg,Co)2Al9Si4O23OH
ⓘ Stercorite
Formula: (NH4)Na(PO3OH) · 4H2O
ⓘ Stewartite
Formula: Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
ⓘ Stibiopalladinite
Formula: Pd5Sb2
ⓘ Stibnite
Formula: Sb2S3
ⓘ Stilbite-Ca
Formula: NaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
ⓘ 'Stilbite Subgroup'
Formula: M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
ⓘ Strengite
Formula: FePO4 · 2H2O
ⓘ Strontianite
Formula: SrCO3
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Studtite
Formula: [(UO2)(O2)(H2O)2] · H2O
ⓘ Stützite
Formula: Ag5-xTe3, x = 0.24-0.36
ⓘ Sudburyite
Formula: PdSb
ⓘ Sulphohalite
Formula: Na6(SO4)2FCl
Description: Identified from carbonate-rich melt inclusions in jacupirangite.
ⓘ Svanbergite
Formula: SrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
ⓘ Swinefordite
Formula: Li(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2O
ⓘ Sylvanite
Formula: AgAuTe4
ⓘ Sylvite
Formula: KCl
ⓘ 'Synchysite'
Formula: Ca(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
ⓘ Synchysite-(Ce)
Formula: CaCe(CO3)2F
ⓘ 'Synchysite Group'
ⓘ Synchysite-(Y)
Formula: CaY(CO3)2F
ⓘ Syngenite
Formula: K2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
ⓘ Taenite
Formula: (Ni,Fe)
ⓘ Tainiolite
Formula: KLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
ⓘ Talc
Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 17 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Tantalite'
Formula: (Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
ⓘ Tantalite-(Fe)
Formula: Fe2+Ta2O6
ⓘ Tantalite-(Mn)
Formula: Mn2+Ta2O6
ⓘ Tanteuxenite-(Y)
Formula: Y(Ta,Nb,Ti)2(O,OH)6
ⓘ 'Tapiolite'
Formula: (Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
ⓘ Tapiolite-(Fe)
Formula: Fe2+Ta2O6
ⓘ Taranakite
Formula: K3Al5(PO3OH)6(PO4)2 · 18H2O
ⓘ Tavorite
Formula: LiFe3+(PO4)(OH)
ⓘ 'Tennantite Subgroup'
Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S
ⓘ 'Tennantite-Tetrahedrite Series'
ⓘ Tetra-auricupride
Formula: AuCu
ⓘ Tetraferriphlogopite
Formula: KMg3(Si3Fe3+)O10(OH)2
ⓘ Tetraferroplatinum
Formula: PtFe
ⓘ 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'
Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
ⓘ Thaumasite
Formula: Ca3(SO4)[Si(OH)6](CO3) · 12H2O
Description: Occurs in vesicles in lava and rare dike rocks.
ⓘ Thénardite
Formula: Na2SO4
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Thermonatrite
Formula: Na2CO3 · H2O
ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca
Formula: NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
ⓘ Thoreaulite
Formula: Sn2+Ta2O6
ⓘ Thorianite
Formula: ThO2
ⓘ Thorite
Formula: Th(SiO4)
ⓘ Thortveitite
Formula: Sc2Si2O7
ⓘ Threadgoldite (TL)
Formula: Al(UO2)2(PO4)2(OH) · 8H2O
Type Locality:
Habit: Micaceous crust
ⓘ Tilleyite ?
Formula: Ca5(Si2O7)(CO3)2
ⓘ Titanite
Formula: CaTi(SiO4)O
Localities: Reported from at least 54 localities in this region.
ⓘ Tochilinite
Formula: Fe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10
Description: Rare tochilinite in Carbonaceous clast
ⓘ 'Tongxinite'
Formula: Cu2Zn
ⓘ Topaz
Formula: Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
ⓘ 'Tourmaline'
Formula: AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Localities: Reported from at least 52 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Tourmaline var. Chrome-Tourmaline'
Formula: AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
References:
GIA 2019
ⓘ 'Tourmaline var. Verdelite'
ⓘ Tremolite
Formula: ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 17 localities in this region.
ⓘ Tremolite var. Chrome-Tremolite
Formula: ◻{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘ Trevorite
Formula: Ni2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘ Triangulite (TL)
Formula: Al3(UO2)4(PO4)4(OH)5 · 5H2O
Type Locality:
ⓘ Tridymite
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Trikalsilite (TL)
Formula: K2NaAl3(SiO4)3
Type Locality:
ⓘ Triphylite
Formula: LiFe2+PO4
ⓘ Triphylite var. Ferrisicklerite
Formula: Li1-x(Fe3+xFe2+1-x)PO4
ⓘ Triplite
Formula: Mn2+2(PO4)F
ⓘ Troilite
Formula: FeS
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
ⓘ Trolleite
Formula: Al4(PO4)3(OH)3
ⓘ Trona
Formula: Na3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Tschermakite
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Description: Analytical data of the amphibole embedded in the green zoisite falls within the chemical boundaries of pargasite. There are no published analysis indicating that this amphibole may be a tschermakite group mineral.
ⓘ Tschermigite
Formula: (NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
ⓘ Tsumoite
Formula: BiTe
ⓘ Tulameenite
Formula: Pt2CuFe
ⓘ Tungstite
Formula: WO3 · H2O
ⓘ Turquoise
Formula: CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Colour: Turkoois blue.
Fluorescence: Not fluorescent.
ⓘ Tychite
Formula: Na6Mg2(CO3)4(SO4)
ⓘ 'Uhligite'
Formula: Ca3(Ti,Al,Zr)9O20 ?
Description: Discredited by IMA in 2006 (IMA 06–C), possible perovskite or zirkelite(?).cf. Burke 2006.
ⓘ Ullmannite
Formula: NiSbS
ⓘ Ulvöspinel
Formula: TiFe2+2O4
ⓘ 'UM1972-05-BiO:AlCaP'
Formula: Bi-Ca-Al-P-O
ⓘ 'UM1975-16-SO:HKZn'
Formula: K2Zn(SO4)2 · 2H2O
ⓘ 'UM1982-08-PO:FeHMn'
Formula: FeMnPO5 · 2H2O
Description: Listed as "hydrated Fe-Mn-OH-phosphate" in Daltry & von Knorring (1998).
ⓘ 'UM1983-18-SiO:AlFeHMg'
Formula: ~(Mg,Fe)Al4Si4O12(OH)8
ⓘ 'UM1995-02-CO:BaCaClFKMgNaSr'
Formula: (Na2,Ba,Ca,Sr,Mg,K2)(CO3)
ⓘ 'UM1997-44-S:FeK'
Formula: K1-2Fe2-3S3-4
ⓘ 'UM2006-01-COPO:FNa'
Formula: (Na,◻)5(PO4)(CO3,F,Cl)
ⓘ Umbrianite
Formula: K7Na2Ca2[Al3Si10O29]F2Cl2
ⓘ 'Unnamed (Co2+-dominant analogue of ferrohögbomite-2N2S)'
Formula: [(Co2+,Fe2+,Mg,Al)3(Al,Fe3+,Ti)8O15(OH)]2
ⓘ 'Unnamed (K sulfides solid solution)'
Formula: KFe3S4 - K2Fe3S4 - KFe2S3
ⓘ Upalite (TL)
Formula: Al(UO2)3(PO4)2O(OH) · 7H2O
Type Locality:
ⓘ Uraninite
Formula: UO2
ⓘ 'Uranium Mica'
ⓘ 'Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)'
Formula: (Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
ⓘ Uranophane
Formula: Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
ⓘ Uvarovite
Formula: Ca3Cr3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘ Vandendriesscheite
Formula: PbU7O22 · 12H2O
ⓘ Vanmeersscheite (TL)
Formula: U6+(UO2)3(PO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O
Type Locality:
ⓘ Variscite
Formula: AlPO4 · 2H2O
ⓘ Varlamoffite (TL)
Formula: Sn1-xFexO2-x(OH)
ⓘ Varulite
Formula: NaCaMn2+Mn2+2(PO4)3
ⓘ Vermiculite
Formula: Mg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Vernadite
Formula: (Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
References:
Jochem Hentsch
ⓘ Villiaumite
Formula: NaF
ⓘ Violarite
Formula: Fe2+Ni3+2S4
ⓘ Vishnevite
Formula: (Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) · 2H2O
References:
doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(89)90077-8
doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1996.060.402.03
Safiannikoff, A. 1959. Un nouveau mineral de niobium. Bulletin des Seances. Academie Royale des Sciences d'Outre-Mer. Bruxelles, 5, 1251-1255.
Safiannikoff, A. 1966. Gisement de pyrochlore de Lueshe. Annales de la Societe Geologique de Belgique, 90 (4), B461-486.
Pineau, F. & Javoy, M. 1969. Determination des rapports isotopiques O/O et C/C dans diverses carbonatites, implications genetiques. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences. Paris, 269D, 1930-1933.
Meyer, A., & De Béthune, P. (1958). La carbonatite Lueshe (Kivu): étude géologique. Service Géologique, Congo Belge, 8 (5), 1-19 and 1-12.
Brasseur, H., Herman, P., & Hubaux, A. (1961). Apatites de l'est du Congo et du Ruanda. Bulletin-Société géologique de Belgique, 85(2), B61-B85.
Verhaeghe, M. (1963). Inventaire des gisements de calcaires, dolomies et travertins du Kivu, du Rwanda et du Burundi. Service géologique, Mémoire, (3).
Denayer, M. E. (1970). Rapports isotopiques O e C et condition d'affleurement dês carbonatites de 1'Affrique Central. Compt. Rend. D, 270, 2155-2158.
Bellon, H., Pouclet, A. (1980) Datations K-Ar de quelques laves du Rift-ouest de l'Afrique Centrale; implications sur l'évolution magmatique et structurale. Geologische Rundschau, 69 (1) 49-62 doi:10.1007/bf01869023
Maravic, H.v., Morteani, G. (1980) Petrology and geochemistry of the carbonatite and syenite complex of Lueshe (N.E. Zaire) Lithos, 13 (2) 159-170 doi:10.1016/0024-4937(80)90017-1
van Overbeke, A. C. (1996). Le complexe à carbonatite et syénite de la Lueshe (N-Kivu, Zaïre): pétrogenèse des roches ignées et caractérisation géochimique des processus métasomatiques (fénitisation) (Doctoral dissertation, UCL-Université Catholique de Louvain).
Kampunzu, A.B., Kramers, J.D., Makutu, M.N. (1998) Rb-Sr whole rock ages of the Lueshe, Kirumba and Numbi igneous complexes (Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo) and the break-up of the Rodinia supercontinent. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 26 (1). 29-36 doi:10.1016/s0899-5362(97)00134-6
ⓘ Vivianite
Formula: Fe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2 · 8H2O
ⓘ Vysotskite
Formula: PdS
ⓘ 'Wad'
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Wakefieldite-(Ce)
Formula: Ce(VO4)
ⓘ Wardite
Formula: NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
ⓘ Wavellite
Formula: Al3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Waylandite
Formula: BiAl3(PO4)2(OH)6
ⓘ Weddellite
Formula: Ca(C2O4) · (2.5-x)H2O
ⓘ Whewellite
Formula: Ca(C2O4) · H2O
ⓘ 'White mica'
ⓘ Whitlockite
Formula: Ca9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)
ⓘ Wilkinsonite
Formula: Na2Fe2+4Fe3+2(Si6O18)O2
ⓘ Witherite
Formula: BaCO3
ⓘ Wodginite
Formula: Mn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Wodginite var. Iron-bearing Wodginite
Formula: Mn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
Description: According to Erit et al. (1992) the sample studied by Von Knorring (1969) is not ferrowodginite but a ferroan variety of wodginite.
ⓘ 'Wolframite Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Wollastonite
Formula: Ca3(Si3O9)
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
ⓘ Wöhlerite
Formula: Na2Ca4ZrNb(Si2O7)2O3F
References:
Bloomfield, K. (1965). The geology of the Zomba area. Geological Survey Dept. Bulletin, (16).
Woolley, A. R.; Jones, G. C. (1987) The petrochemistry of the northern part of the Chilwa alkaline province, Malawi, in Alkaline Igneous Rocks. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30 (1). 335-355 doi:10.1144/gsl.sp.1987.030.01.16
Woolley, Alan R., Platt, R. Garth (1988) The Peralkaline Nepheline Syenites of the Junguni Intrusion, Chilwa Province, Malawi. Mineralogical Magazine, 52 (367) 425-433 doi:10.1180/minmag.1988.052.367.01
Eby, G.N., Roden-Tice, M., Krueger, H.L., Ewing, W., Faxon, E.H., Woolley, A.R. (1995) Geochronology and cooling history of the northern part of the Chilwa Alkaline Province, Malawi. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 20 (3) 275-288 doi:10.1016/0899-5362(95)00054-w
Woolley, A. R. (2001) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World, Part 3: Africa - Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World. The Geological Society of London.
Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189
ⓘ Wulfenite
Formula: Pb(MoO4)
ⓘ Wurtzite
Formula: (Zn,Fe)S
Habit: hexagonal
Colour: orange brown
Description: The partly translucent to transparent wurtzite crystals from Merelani are generally 2–3 cm in size
ⓘ 'Wurtzite-4H'
Formula: ZnS
ⓘ Wyllieite
Formula: (Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
ⓘ 'Xenotime'
ⓘ Xenotime-(Y)
Formula: Y(PO4)
ⓘ Yoderite (TL)
Formula: Mg(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)2O(OH)
ⓘ Yttrotungstite-(Ce) (TL)
Formula: CeW2O6(OH)3
ⓘ Yttrotungstite-(Nd) (TL)
Formula: NdW2O7(OH) · H2O
Type Locality:
ⓘ Zektzerite
Formula: LiNaZrSi6O15
ⓘ 'Zeolite Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 17 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Zinnwaldite'
ⓘ Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)
Localities: Reported from at least 63 localities in this region.
ⓘ Zircon var. Cyrtolite
Formula: Zr[(SiO4),(OH)4]
ⓘ Zircon var. Malacon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)
ⓘ Zoisite
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 14 localities in this region.
Habit: Elongated prisms
Colour: Blue, purple, pink, yellow, green or multi-colored
ⓘ Zoisite var. Chrome-Zoisite
Formula: {Ca2}{Al,Cr3}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
References:
Locality descriptionIdentification: Visual Identification
ⓘ Zoisite var. Tanzanite
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Habit: elongated prisms
Colour: blue, purple, pink, yellow, green or multi-colored

Gallery:

NaFe3+Si2O6ⓘ Aegirine
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Aegirine

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Aegirine, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Aegirine, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Aegirine

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Aegirine

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Aegirine, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Aegirine, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Aegirine

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Aegirine

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Aegirine, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
MnSⓘ Alabandite
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Alabandite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Alabandite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Alabandite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Alabandite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Alabandite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Alabandite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Alabandite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Alabandite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
Na(AlSi3O8)ⓘ Albite
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Albite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Albite, etc.

Mwajanga diggings, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Albite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Albite, etc.

Mwajanga diggings, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Albite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Albite, etc.

Mwajanga diggings, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
(Na,K)AlSi3O8ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase
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Anorthoclase

Mount Kenya, Mount Kenya National Park, Meru County, Kenya
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Anorthoclase

Mount Kibo, Mount Kilimanjaro, Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania
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Anorthoclase

Mount Kenya, Mount Kenya National Park, Meru County, Kenya
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Anorthoclase

Mount Kibo, Mount Kilimanjaro, Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania
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Anorthoclase

Mount Kenya, Mount Kenya National Park, Meru County, Kenya
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Anorthoclase

Mount Kibo, Mount Kilimanjaro, Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania
(Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3ⓘ Alluaudite
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Alluaudite, etc.

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
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Alluaudite

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
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Alluaudite, etc.

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
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Alluaudite, etc.

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
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Alluaudite

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Alluaudite, etc.

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
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Alluaudite, etc.

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
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Alluaudite

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
ⓘ 'Almandine-Pyrope Series'
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Almandine-Pyrope Series, etc.

Cash money mine, Winza, Mpwapwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Almandine-Pyrope Series

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Almandine-Pyrope Series, etc.

Cash money mine, Winza, Mpwapwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Almandine-Pyrope Series

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Almandine-Pyrope Series, etc.

Cash money mine, Winza, Mpwapwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Almandine-Pyrope Series

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
Mg3Al2(SiO4)3ⓘ 'Almandine-Pyrope Series var. Rhodolite'
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Rhodolite

Lokiriama, Lodwar, Turkana County, Kenya
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Rhodolite

Lokiriama, Lodwar, Turkana County, Kenya
trans.png
Rhodolite

Lokiriama, Lodwar, Turkana County, Kenya
trans.png
Rhodolite

Lokiriama, Lodwar, Turkana County, Kenya
trans.png
Rhodolite

Lokiriama, Lodwar, Turkana County, Kenya
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Rhodolite

Lokiriama, Lodwar, Turkana County, Kenya
AlTh(UO2)7(PO4)4(OH)5O2 · 15H2Oⓘ Althupite (TL)
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Althupite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
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Althupite, etc.

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
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Althupite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Althupite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Althupite, etc.

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Althupite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
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Althupite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Althupite, etc.

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
LiAl(PO4)Fⓘ Amblygonite
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Amblygonite

Gatumba pegmatite, Gatumba pegmatite field, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
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Amblygonite

Gatumba pegmatite, Gatumba pegmatite field, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
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Amblygonite

Gatumba pegmatite, Gatumba pegmatite field, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
AB2C5(T8O22)W2ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'
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Amphibole Supergroup

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Amphibole Supergroup

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Amphibole Supergroup

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
AlWO3(OH)3ⓘ Anthoinite (TL)
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Anthoinite

Kagogo deposit, Kagogo, Burera District, Northern Province, Rwanda
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Anthoinite

Nyakabingo Mine, Rulindo District, Northern Province, Rwanda
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Anthoinite

Gifurwe Mines, Gifurwe, Rusarabuge, Burera District, Northern Province, Rwanda
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Anthoinite

Kagogo deposit, Kagogo, Burera District, Northern Province, Rwanda
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Anthoinite

Nyakabingo Mine, Rulindo District, Northern Province, Rwanda
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Anthoinite

Gifurwe Mines, Gifurwe, Rusarabuge, Burera District, Northern Province, Rwanda
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Anthoinite

Kagogo deposit, Kagogo, Burera District, Northern Province, Rwanda
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Anthoinite

Nyakabingo Mine, Rulindo District, Northern Province, Rwanda
Ca5(PO4)3Aⓘ 'Apatite'
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Apatite

Mahenge, Ulanga District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
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Apatite

Namalulu tsavorite deposit, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Apatite

Mahenge, Ulanga District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
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Apatite

Namalulu tsavorite deposit, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Apatite

Mahenge, Ulanga District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
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Apatite

Namalulu tsavorite deposit, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
AB4[Si8O20]X · 8H2Oⓘ 'Apophyllite Group'
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Apophyllite Group, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Apophyllite Group, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Apophyllite Group, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
NaNa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2ⓘ Arfvedsonite
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Arfvedsonite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Arfvedsonite, etc.

Chisenga Ridge, Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Arfvedsonite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Arfvedsonite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Arfvedsonite, etc.

Chisenga Ridge, Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Arfvedsonite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Arfvedsonite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Arfvedsonite, etc.

Chisenga Ridge, Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Ca2MgAl2BSi4O15OHⓘ Axinite-(Mg) (TL)
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Axinite-(Mg)

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Axinite-(Mg)

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Axinite-(Mg)

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Axinite-(Mg)

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Axinite-(Mg)

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Axinite-(Mg)

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Axinite-(Mg)

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Axinite-(Mg)

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Axinite-(Mg)

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Axinite-(Mg)

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2ⓘ Azurite
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Azurite

Dikulushi Mine, Pweto Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
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Azurite

Dikulushi Mine, Pweto Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
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Azurite

Dikulushi Mine, Pweto Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
trans.png
Azurite

Dikulushi Mine, Pweto Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
trans.png
Azurite

Dikulushi Mine, Pweto Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
trans.png
Azurite

Dikulushi Mine, Pweto Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
trans.png
Azurite

Dikulushi Mine, Pweto Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
trans.png
Azurite

Dikulushi Mine, Pweto Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
Be2Ba(Si2O7)ⓘ Barylite
trans.png
Barylite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Barylite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Barylite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Barylite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Barylite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Barylite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Barylite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Barylite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Ce(CO3)Fⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce)
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Bastnäsite-(Ce)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Bastnäsite-(Ce), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Bastnäsite-(Ce), etc.

Gakara Project, Bujumbura Rural Province, Burundi
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Bastnäsite-(Ce)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Bastnäsite-(Ce), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Bastnäsite-(Ce), etc.

Gakara Project, Bujumbura Rural Province, Burundi
trans.png
Bastnäsite-(Ce)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Bastnäsite-(Ce), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Li2CaAl4(PO4)4(OH)4ⓘ Bertossaite (TL)
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Bertossaite, etc.

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Bertossaite, etc.

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Bertossaite, etc.

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Bertossaite, etc.

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Bertossaite, etc.

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Bertossaite, etc.

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
Be3Al2(Si6O18)ⓘ Beryl
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Beryl

Kizibere, Mbuye, Ruhango District, Southern Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Beryl

Misumari II mine, Numbi, Kalehe Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
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Beryl

Kizibere, Mbuye, Ruhango District, Southern Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Beryl

Misumari II mine, Numbi, Kalehe Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Beryl

Kizibere, Mbuye, Ruhango District, Southern Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Beryl

Misumari II mine, Numbi, Kalehe Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
ⓘ Beryl var. Aquamarine
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Aquamarine

Taita Hills, Tsavo West, Voi, Taita-Taveta County, Kenya
trans.png
Aquamarine

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Aquamarine

Taita Hills, Tsavo West, Voi, Taita-Taveta County, Kenya
trans.png
Aquamarine

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Aquamarine

Taita Hills, Tsavo West, Voi, Taita-Taveta County, Kenya
trans.png
Aquamarine

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Be3Al2(Si6O18)ⓘ Beryl var. Emerald
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Emerald

Magara mine, Lake Manyara, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Emerald, etc.

Magara mine, Lake Manyara, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Emerald

Shakiso, Borena Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Emerald

Magara mine, Lake Manyara, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Emerald, etc.

Magara mine, Lake Manyara, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Emerald

Shakiso, Borena Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Emerald

Magara mine, Lake Manyara, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Emerald, etc.

Magara mine, Lake Manyara, Arusha Region, Tanzania
Bi2S3ⓘ Bismuthinite
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Bismuthinite

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Bismuthinite

Bijyojyo, Ndaro, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Bismuthinite

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Bismuthinite

Bijyojyo, Ndaro, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Bismuthinite

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Bismuthinite

Bijyojyo, Ndaro, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
Al2(PO4)(OH)3 · 4-5H2Oⓘ Bolivarite
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Bolivarite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
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Bolivarite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Bolivarite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
NaFe2+Al5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2Oⓘ Burangaite (TL)
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Burangaite

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Burangaite

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Burangaite

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Burangaite

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Burangaite

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
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Burangaite

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
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Burangaite

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
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Burangaite

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
CaCO3ⓘ Calcite
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Calcite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Calcite, etc.

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda
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Calcite

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda
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Calcite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Calcite, etc.

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda
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Calcite

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda
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Calcite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Calcite, etc.

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda
SnO2ⓘ Cassiterite
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Cassiterite, etc.

Kalima, Maniema, DR Congo
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Cassiterite

Gatumba pegmatite, Gatumba pegmatite field, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
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Cassiterite

Mumba cassiterite gravels, Mumba, Osso, Masisi Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
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Cassiterite, etc.

Kalima, Maniema, DR Congo
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Cassiterite

Gatumba pegmatite, Gatumba pegmatite field, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
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Cassiterite

Mumba cassiterite gravels, Mumba, Osso, Masisi Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
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Cassiterite, etc.

Kalima, Maniema, DR Congo
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Cassiterite

Gatumba pegmatite, Gatumba pegmatite field, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
(Ca,Yb,Er)4Y4(Si8O20)(CO3)6(OH) · 7H2Oⓘ Caysichite-(Y)
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Caysichite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Caysichite-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Caysichite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Caysichite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Caysichite-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Caysichite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Caysichite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Caysichite-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
ⓘ 'Chabazite'
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Chabazite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Chabazite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Chabazite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Chabazite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Chabazite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Chabazite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Chabazite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Chabazite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
BeAl2O4ⓘ Chrysoberyl
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Chrysoberyl

Magara mine, Lake Manyara, Arusha Region, Tanzania
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Chrysoberyl

Magara mine, Lake Manyara, Arusha Region, Tanzania
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Chrysoberyl

Magara mine, Lake Manyara, Arusha Region, Tanzania
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Chrysoberyl

Magara mine, Lake Manyara, Arusha Region, Tanzania
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Chrysoberyl

Magara mine, Lake Manyara, Arusha Region, Tanzania
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Chrysoberyl

Magara mine, Lake Manyara, Arusha Region, Tanzania
BeAl2O4ⓘ Chrysoberyl var. Alexandrite
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Alexandrite, etc.

Magara mine, Lake Manyara, Arusha Region, Tanzania
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Alexandrite

Magara mine, Lake Manyara, Arusha Region, Tanzania
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Alexandrite

Magara mine, Lake Manyara, Arusha Region, Tanzania
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Alexandrite

Magara mine, Lake Manyara, Arusha Region, Tanzania
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Alexandrite, etc.

Magara mine, Lake Manyara, Arusha Region, Tanzania
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Alexandrite

Magara mine, Lake Manyara, Arusha Region, Tanzania
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Alexandrite

Magara mine, Lake Manyara, Arusha Region, Tanzania
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Alexandrite

Magara mine, Lake Manyara, Arusha Region, Tanzania
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Alexandrite, etc.

Magara mine, Lake Manyara, Arusha Region, Tanzania
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Alexandrite

Magara mine, Lake Manyara, Arusha Region, Tanzania
ⓘ 'Chrysoprase'
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Chrysoprase

Haneti-Itiso area, Chamwino District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Chrysoprase

Haneti-Itiso area, Chamwino District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Chrysoprase

Haneti-Itiso area, Chamwino District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Chrysoprase

Haneti-Itiso area, Chamwino District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Chrysoprase

Haneti-Itiso area, Chamwino District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Chrysoprase

Haneti-Itiso area, Chamwino District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Chrysoprase

Haneti-Itiso area, Chamwino District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Chrysoprase

Haneti-Itiso area, Chamwino District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
PbSeⓘ Clausthalite
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Clausthalite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Clausthalite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Clausthalite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
Mg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8ⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing Clinochlore
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Chromium-bearing Clinochlore, etc.

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
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Chromium-bearing Clinochlore, etc.

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
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Chromium-bearing Clinochlore, etc.

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
Na4.5Ca3.5Si6O17.5(OH)0.5ⓘ Combeite (TL)
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Combeite, etc.

Ol Doinyo Lengai, Ngorongoro District, Arusha region, Tanzania
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Combeite, etc.

Ol Doinyo Lengai, Ngorongoro District, Arusha region, Tanzania
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Combeite, etc.

Ol Doinyo Lengai, Ngorongoro District, Arusha region, Tanzania
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Combeite, etc.

Ol Doinyo Lengai, Ngorongoro District, Arusha region, Tanzania
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Combeite, etc.

Ol Doinyo Lengai, Ngorongoro District, Arusha region, Tanzania
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Combeite, etc.

Ol Doinyo Lengai, Ngorongoro District, Arusha region, Tanzania
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Combeite, etc.

Ol Doinyo Lengai, Ngorongoro District, Arusha region, Tanzania
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Combeite, etc.

Ol Doinyo Lengai, Ngorongoro District, Arusha region, Tanzania
Mg2Al4Si5O18ⓘ Cordierite
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Cordierite

Babati, Babati District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Cordierite

Babati, Babati District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Cordierite

Babati, Babati District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
Al2O3ⓘ Corundum
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Corundum, etc.

Winza, Mpwapwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Corundum

Chimwadzulu Hill, Ntcheu, Central Region, Malawi
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Corundum, etc.

Winza, Mpwapwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Corundum, etc.

Winza, Mpwapwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Corundum

Chimwadzulu Hill, Ntcheu, Central Region, Malawi
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Corundum, etc.

Winza, Mpwapwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Corundum, etc.

Winza, Mpwapwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Corundum

Chimwadzulu Hill, Ntcheu, Central Region, Malawi
Al2O3ⓘ Corundum var. Ruby
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Ruby, etc.

Mundarara Mine, Longido District, Arusha Region, Tanzania
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Ruby, etc.

Mundarara Mine, Longido District, Arusha Region, Tanzania
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Ruby

Mundarara Mine, Longido District, Arusha Region, Tanzania
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Ruby, etc.

Mundarara Mine, Longido District, Arusha Region, Tanzania
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Ruby, etc.

Mundarara Mine, Longido District, Arusha Region, Tanzania
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Ruby

Mundarara Mine, Longido District, Arusha Region, Tanzania
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Ruby, etc.

Mundarara Mine, Longido District, Arusha Region, Tanzania
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Ruby, etc.

Mundarara Mine, Longido District, Arusha Region, Tanzania
Al2O3ⓘ Corundum var. Sapphire
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Sapphire, etc.

Winza, Mpwapwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Sapphire

Winza, Mpwapwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Sapphire, etc.

Winza, Mpwapwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Sapphire

Winza, Mpwapwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Sapphire, etc.

Winza, Mpwapwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Sapphire

Winza, Mpwapwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Sapphire, etc.

Winza, Mpwapwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Sapphire

Winza, Mpwapwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Sapphire, etc.

Winza, Mpwapwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
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Sapphire

Winza, Mpwapwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
CaB2Si2O8ⓘ Danburite
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Danburite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Danburite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Danburite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
(Sr,Ca,Ba)3(Ce,La)(CO3)3-x(PO4)(OH,F)2xⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)
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Daqingshanite-(Ce)

Nkumbwa Hill Carbonatite, Isoka, Isoka District, Muchinga Province, Zambia
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Daqingshanite-(Ce), etc.

Nkumbwa Hill Carbonatite, Isoka, Isoka District, Muchinga Province, Zambia
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Daqingshanite-(Ce)

Nkumbwa Hill Carbonatite, Isoka, Isoka District, Muchinga Province, Zambia
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Daqingshanite-(Ce), etc.

Nkumbwa Hill Carbonatite, Isoka, Isoka District, Muchinga Province, Zambia
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Daqingshanite-(Ce)

Nkumbwa Hill Carbonatite, Isoka, Isoka District, Muchinga Province, Zambia
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Daqingshanite-(Ce), etc.

Nkumbwa Hill Carbonatite, Isoka, Isoka District, Muchinga Province, Zambia
(Ce,La)4Fe2+(Ti,Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8ⓘ Dingdaohengite-(Ce)
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Dingdaohengite-(Ce)

Mulanje Massif, Mulanje, Southern Region, Malawi
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Dingdaohengite-(Ce)

Mulanje Massif, Mulanje, Southern Region, Malawi
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Dingdaohengite-(Ce)

Mulanje Massif, Mulanje, Southern Region, Malawi
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Dingdaohengite-(Ce)

Mulanje Massif, Mulanje, Southern Region, Malawi
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Dingdaohengite-(Ce)

Mulanje Massif, Mulanje, Southern Region, Malawi
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Dingdaohengite-(Ce)

Mulanje Massif, Mulanje, Southern Region, Malawi
CaMgSi2O6ⓘ Diopside
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Diopside, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Diopside, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Diopside, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Diopside

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Diopside, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Diopside, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Diopside, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Diopside

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Diopside, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Diopside, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
Ca(Mg,Cr)Si2O6ⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing Diopside
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Chromium-bearing Diopside, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Chromium-bearing Diopside

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Chromium-bearing Diopside

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Chromium-bearing Diopside, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Chromium-bearing Diopside

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Chromium-bearing Diopside

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Chromium-bearing Diopside, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Chromium-bearing Diopside

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
CaMg(CO3)2ⓘ Dolomite
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Dolomite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Dolomite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Dolomite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Dolomite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Dolomite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Dolomite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Dolomite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Dolomite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)ⓘ Dravite
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Dravite

Yellow Mine, Taita-Taveta County, Kenya
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Dravite

Mwajanga diggings, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Dravite

Mwajanga diggings, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Dravite

Yellow Mine, Taita-Taveta County, Kenya
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Dravite

Mwajanga diggings, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Dravite

Mwajanga diggings, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Dravite

Yellow Mine, Taita-Taveta County, Kenya
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Dravite

Mwajanga diggings, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
Na((Mg,Cr)3)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)ⓘ Dravite var. Chromium-bearing Dravite
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Chromium-bearing Dravite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Chromium-bearing Dravite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Chromium-bearing Dravite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
Na2ZrSi6O15 · 3H2Oⓘ Elpidite
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Elpidite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Elpidite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Elpidite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Elpidite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Elpidite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Elpidite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Na2Be2Si6O15 · H2Oⓘ Epididymite
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Epididymite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Epididymite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Epididymite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Epididymite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Epididymite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Epididymite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Epididymite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Epididymite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)ⓘ Epidote
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Epidote

Mahenge, Ulanga District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
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Epidote

Mahenge, Ulanga District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
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Epidote

Mahenge, Ulanga District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
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Epidote

Mahenge, Ulanga District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
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Epidote

Mahenge, Ulanga District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
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Epidote

Mahenge, Ulanga District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
Na2Be2Si6O15 · H2Oⓘ Eudidymite
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Eudidymite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Eudidymite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Eudidymite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Eudidymite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Eudidymite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Eudidymite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Eudidymite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Eudidymite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)
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Euxenite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Euxenite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Euxenite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Th0.75Al3(PO4)2(OH)6ⓘ Eylettersite (TL)
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Eylettersite, etc.

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
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Eylettersite, etc.

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
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Eylettersite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
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Eylettersite, etc.

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
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Eylettersite, etc.

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
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Eylettersite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
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Eylettersite, etc.

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
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Eylettersite, etc.

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'
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Fayalite-Forsterite Series, etc.

Mount Kibo, Mount Kilimanjaro, Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania
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Fayalite-Forsterite Series, etc.

Mount Kibo, Mount Kilimanjaro, Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania
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Fayalite-Forsterite Series, etc.

Mount Kibo, Mount Kilimanjaro, Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania
FeWO4ⓘ Ferberite
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Ferberite, etc.

Kamituga-Mobale mine, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
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Ferberite, etc.

Bugarama Mine, Kagogo, Burera District, Northern Province, Rwanda
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Ferberite

Ruhengeri, Northern Province, Rwanda
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Ferberite, etc.

Kamituga-Mobale mine, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
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Ferberite, etc.

Bugarama Mine, Kagogo, Burera District, Northern Province, Rwanda
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Ferberite

Ruhengeri, Northern Province, Rwanda
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Ferberite, etc.

Kamituga-Mobale mine, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
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Ferberite, etc.

Bugarama Mine, Kagogo, Burera District, Northern Province, Rwanda
FeWO4ⓘ Ferberite var. Reinite
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Reinite, etc.

Bugarama Mine, Kagogo, Burera District, Northern Province, Rwanda
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Reinite

Gifurwe Mines, Gifurwe, Rusarabuge, Burera District, Northern Province, Rwanda
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Reinite, etc.

Bugarama Mine, Kagogo, Burera District, Northern Province, Rwanda
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Reinite, etc.

Bugarama Mine, Kagogo, Burera District, Northern Province, Rwanda
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Reinite

Gifurwe Mines, Gifurwe, Rusarabuge, Burera District, Northern Province, Rwanda
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Reinite, etc.

Bugarama Mine, Kagogo, Burera District, Northern Province, Rwanda
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Reinite, etc.

Bugarama Mine, Kagogo, Burera District, Northern Province, Rwanda
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Reinite

Gifurwe Mines, Gifurwe, Rusarabuge, Burera District, Northern Province, Rwanda
YNbO4ⓘ Fergusonite-(Y)
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Fergusonite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Fergusonite-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Fergusonite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Fergusonite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Fergusonite-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Fergusonite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Fergusonite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
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Fergusonite-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Na3CaMn2+11(PO4)9ⓘ Fillowite
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Fillowite

Kiluli, Western Province, Rwanda
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Fillowite, etc.

Kiluli, Western Province, Rwanda
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Fillowite

Kiluli, Western Province, Rwanda
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Fillowite

Kiluli, Western Province, Rwanda
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Fillowite, etc.

Kiluli, Western Province, Rwanda
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Fillowite

Kiluli, Western Province, Rwanda
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Fillowite

Kiluli, Western Province, Rwanda
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Fillowite, etc.

Kiluli, Western Province, Rwanda
Ca5(PO4)3Fⓘ Fluorapatite
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Fluorapatite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Fluorapatite

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
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Fluorapatite

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Fluorapatite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Fluorapatite

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Fluorapatite

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Fluorapatite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Fluorapatite

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2Oⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K)
trans.png
Fluorapophyllite-(K), etc.

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda
trans.png
Fluorapophyllite-(K)

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda
trans.png
Fluorapophyllite-(K)

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda
trans.png
Fluorapophyllite-(K), etc.

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda
trans.png
Fluorapophyllite-(K)

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda
trans.png
Fluorapophyllite-(K)

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda
trans.png
Fluorapophyllite-(K), etc.

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda
trans.png
Fluorapophyllite-(K)

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda
CaF2ⓘ Fluorite
trans.png
Fluorite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Fluorite

Arbegona District, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Fluorite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Fluorite

Arbegona District, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Fluorite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Fluorite

Arbegona District, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
Sn2+Nb2O6ⓘ Foordite (TL)
trans.png
Foordite

Kubitaka, Punia Territory, Maniema, DR Congo
trans.png
Foordite

Kubitaka, Punia Territory, Maniema, DR Congo
trans.png
Foordite

Kubitaka, Punia Territory, Maniema, DR Congo
Al13(UO2)7(PO4)13(OH)14 · 58H2Oⓘ Furongite
trans.png
Furongite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Furongite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Furongite, etc.

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Furongite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Furongite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Furongite, etc.

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Furongite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Furongite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
Na2Ca(CO3)2 · 5H2Oⓘ Gaylussite
trans.png
Gaylussite

Lake Amboseli, Kajiado County, Kenya
trans.png
Gaylussite

Lake Amboseli, Kajiado County, Kenya
trans.png
Gaylussite

Lake Amboseli, Kajiado County, Kenya
trans.png
Gaylussite

Lake Amboseli, Kajiado County, Kenya
trans.png
Gaylussite

Lake Amboseli, Kajiado County, Kenya
trans.png
Gaylussite

Lake Amboseli, Kajiado County, Kenya
trans.png
Gaylussite

Lake Amboseli, Kajiado County, Kenya
trans.png
Gaylussite

Lake Amboseli, Kajiado County, Kenya
Be3Zn4(SiO4)3Sⓘ Genthelvite
trans.png
Genthelvite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Genthelvite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Genthelvite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Cu26V2(Ge,As)6S32ⓘ Germanocolusite
trans.png
Germanocolusite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Germanocolusite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Germanocolusite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Germanocolusite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Germanocolusite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Germanocolusite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
Fe3+O(OH)ⓘ Goethite
trans.png
Goethite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Goethite

Katonto Hill, Mutshatsha, Lualaba, DR Congo
trans.png
Goethite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Goethite

Katonto Hill, Mutshatsha, Lualaba, DR Congo
trans.png
Goethite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Goethite

Katonto Hill, Mutshatsha, Lualaba, DR Congo
Cⓘ Graphite
trans.png
Graphite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Graphite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Graphite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Graphite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Graphite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Graphite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Graphite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Graphite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
(Na2,K2,Ca)CO3ⓘ Gregoryite (TL)
trans.png
Gregoryite, etc.

Ol Doinyo Lengai, Ngorongoro District, Arusha region, Tanzania
trans.png
Gregoryite, etc.

Ol Doinyo Lengai, Ngorongoro District, Arusha region, Tanzania
trans.png
Gregoryite, etc.

Ol Doinyo Lengai, Ngorongoro District, Arusha region, Tanzania
Ca3Al2(SiO4)3ⓘ Grossular
trans.png
Grossular

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Grossular

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
trans.png
Grossular

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
trans.png
Grossular

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
trans.png
Grossular

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Grossular

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
trans.png
Grossular

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
trans.png
Grossular

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
trans.png
Grossular

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Grossular

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
Ca3Al2(SiO4)3ⓘ Grossular var. Tsavorite (FRL)
trans.png
Tsavorite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tsavorite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tsavorite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tsavorite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tsavorite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tsavorite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tsavorite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tsavorite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
CaSO4 · 2H2Oⓘ Gypsum
trans.png
Gypsum

Kapiri, Lubudi, Lualaba, DR Congo
trans.png
Gypsum

Kapiri, Lubudi, Lualaba, DR Congo
trans.png
Gypsum

Kapiri, Lubudi, Lualaba, DR Congo
Fe2O3ⓘ Hematite
trans.png
Hematite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Hematite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Hematite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Fe3+(PO4)ⓘ Heterosite
trans.png
Heterosite

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Heterosite

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Heterosite

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
(Y,REE,Ca)2(◻,Fe2+)Be2[SiO4]2(OH)2ⓘ Hingganite-(Y)
trans.png
Hingganite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Hingganite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Hingganite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
◻2W2O6(H2O)ⓘ Hydrokenoelsmoreite
trans.png
Hydrokenoelsmoreite

Nyamulilo Mine, Kabale, Western Region, Uganda
trans.png
Hydrokenoelsmoreite, etc.

Gifurwe Mines, Gifurwe, Rusarabuge, Burera District, Northern Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Hydrokenoelsmoreite, etc.

Nzombe, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Hydrokenoelsmoreite

Nyamulilo Mine, Kabale, Western Region, Uganda
trans.png
Hydrokenoelsmoreite, etc.

Gifurwe Mines, Gifurwe, Rusarabuge, Burera District, Northern Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Hydrokenoelsmoreite, etc.

Nzombe, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Hydrokenoelsmoreite

Nyamulilo Mine, Kabale, Western Region, Uganda
trans.png
Hydrokenoelsmoreite, etc.

Gifurwe Mines, Gifurwe, Rusarabuge, Burera District, Northern Province, Rwanda
(H2O,◻)2Nb2(O,OH)6(H2O)ⓘ Hydropyrochlore (TL)
trans.png
Hydropyrochlore

Lueshe Mine, Bwito, Rutshuru Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Hydropyrochlore

Lueshe Mine, Bwito, Rutshuru Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Hydropyrochlore

Lueshe Mine, Bwito, Rutshuru Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Hydropyrochlore

Lueshe Mine, Bwito, Rutshuru Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Hydropyrochlore

Lueshe Mine, Bwito, Rutshuru Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Hydropyrochlore

Lueshe Mine, Bwito, Rutshuru Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Hydropyrochlore

Lueshe Mine, Bwito, Rutshuru Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Hydropyrochlore

Lueshe Mine, Bwito, Rutshuru Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
WO3 · 2H2Oⓘ Hydrotungstite
trans.png
Hydrotungstite, etc.

Nyakabingo Mine, Rulindo District, Northern Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Hydrotungstite, etc.

Lutsiro, Rutsiro District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Hydrotungstite

Kirwa Mine, Kisoro, Western Region, Uganda
trans.png
Hydrotungstite, etc.

Nyakabingo Mine, Rulindo District, Northern Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Hydrotungstite, etc.

Lutsiro, Rutsiro District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Hydrotungstite

Kirwa Mine, Kisoro, Western Region, Uganda
trans.png
Hydrotungstite, etc.

Nyakabingo Mine, Rulindo District, Northern Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Hydrotungstite, etc.

Lutsiro, Rutsiro District, Western Province, Rwanda
Fe2+TiO3ⓘ Ilmenite
trans.png
Ilmenite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Ilmenite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Ilmenite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Ca2Y2(SiO3)4(CO3) · H2Oⓘ Kainosite-(Y)
trans.png
Kainosite-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Kainosite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Kainosite-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Kainosite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Kainosite-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Kainosite-(Y), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
PbAl[(UO2)5(PO4)2.38(AsO4)0.62O2(OH)2] · 11.5H2Oⓘ Kamitugaite (TL)
trans.png
Kamitugaite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Kamitugaite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Kamitugaite, etc.

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Kamitugaite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Kamitugaite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Kamitugaite, etc.

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Kamitugaite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Kamitugaite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
Na2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2Oⓘ Kenyaite (TL)
trans.png
Kenyaite

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
trans.png
Kenyaite

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
trans.png
Kenyaite

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
trans.png
Kenyaite

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
trans.png
Kenyaite

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
trans.png
Kenyaite

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
ⓘ 'K Feldspar'
trans.png
K Feldspar, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
K Feldspar, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
K Feldspar, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Al6(PO4)4(OH)6 · 11H2O ⓘ Kobokoboite (TL)
trans.png
Kobokoboite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Kobokoboite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Kobokoboite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Kobokoboite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Kobokoboite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Kobokoboite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Kobokoboite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Kobokoboite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Kobokoboite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Kobokoboite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
K2NaMn2+7Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4Fⓘ Kupletskite
trans.png
Kupletskite

Junguni Hill, Machinga, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Kupletskite

Junguni Hill, Machinga, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Kupletskite

Junguni Hill, Machinga, Southern Region, Malawi
Al2(SiO4)Oⓘ Kyanite
trans.png
Kyanite

Nani Hill, Loliondo, Ngorongoro district, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Kyanite

Nani Hill, Loliondo, Ngorongoro district, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Kyanite

Nani Hill, Loliondo, Ngorongoro district, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Kyanite

Nani Hill, Loliondo, Ngorongoro district, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Kyanite

Nani Hill, Loliondo, Ngorongoro district, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Kyanite

Nani Hill, Loliondo, Ngorongoro district, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Kyanite

Nani Hill, Loliondo, Ngorongoro district, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Kyanite

Nani Hill, Loliondo, Ngorongoro district, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Kyanite

Nani Hill, Loliondo, Ngorongoro district, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Kyanite

Nani Hill, Loliondo, Ngorongoro district, Arusha Region, Tanzania
NaAl(PO4)Fⓘ Lacroixite
trans.png
Lacroixite, etc.

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Lacroixite, etc.

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Lacroixite, etc.

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
ⓘ 'Limonite'
trans.png
Limonite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Limonite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Limonite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
NaNbO3ⓘ Lueshite (TL)
trans.png
Lueshite

Lueshe Mine, Bwito, Rutshuru Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Lueshite

Lueshe Mine, Bwito, Rutshuru Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Lueshite

Lueshe Mine, Bwito, Rutshuru Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Lueshite

Lueshe Mine, Bwito, Rutshuru Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Lueshite

Lueshe Mine, Bwito, Rutshuru Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Lueshite

Lueshe Mine, Bwito, Rutshuru Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Lueshite

Lueshe Mine, Bwito, Rutshuru Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Lueshite

Lueshe Mine, Bwito, Rutshuru Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
Na2Si14O29 · 11H2Oⓘ Magadiite (TL)
trans.png
Magadiite

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
trans.png
Magadiite

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
trans.png
Magadiite

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
trans.png
Magadiite

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
trans.png
Magadiite

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
trans.png
Magadiite

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
MgCr2O4ⓘ Magnesiochromite
trans.png
Magnesiochromite, etc.

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Magnesiochromite, etc.

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Magnesiochromite, etc.

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
Fe2+Fe3+2O4ⓘ Magnetite
trans.png
Magnetite

Nyiragongo Volcano, Nyiragongo Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Magnetite

Nyiragongo Volcano, Nyiragongo Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Magnetite

Nyiragongo Volcano, Nyiragongo Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Magnetite

Nyiragongo Volcano, Nyiragongo Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Magnetite

Nyiragongo Volcano, Nyiragongo Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Magnetite

Nyiragongo Volcano, Nyiragongo Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Magnetite

Nyiragongo Volcano, Nyiragongo Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Magnetite

Nyiragongo Volcano, Nyiragongo Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
Cu2(CO3)(OH)2ⓘ Malachite
trans.png
Malachite, etc.

Shaba Deposit, Kapulo Mines, Pweto Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
trans.png
Malachite

Shaba Deposit, Kapulo Mines, Pweto Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
trans.png
Malachite

Shaba Pit, Kapulo, Pweto Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
trans.png
Malachite, etc.

Shaba Deposit, Kapulo Mines, Pweto Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
trans.png
Malachite

Shaba Deposit, Kapulo Mines, Pweto Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
trans.png
Malachite

Shaba Pit, Kapulo, Pweto Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
trans.png
Malachite, etc.

Shaba Deposit, Kapulo Mines, Pweto Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
trans.png
Malachite

Shaba Deposit, Kapulo Mines, Pweto Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
FeS2ⓘ Marcasite
trans.png
Marcasite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Marcasite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Marcasite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
Na4Al3Si9O24Clⓘ Marialite
trans.png
Marialite

Rubeho Mountains, Kilosa District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Marialite

Marble occurrence, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Marialite

Marble occurrence, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Marialite

Rubeho Mountains, Kilosa District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Marialite

Rubeho Mountains, Kilosa District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Marialite

Marble occurrence, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Marialite

Marble occurrence, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Marialite

Rubeho Mountains, Kilosa District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Marialite

Rubeho Mountains, Kilosa District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Marialite

Marble occurrence, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
Mo4Pb4VSbS15ⓘ Merelaniite (TL)
trans.png
Merelaniite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Merelaniite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Merelaniite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Merelaniite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Merelaniite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Merelaniite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Merelaniite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Merelaniite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
K(AlSi3O8)ⓘ Microcline
trans.png
Microcline

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Microcline

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Microcline

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Microcline

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Microcline

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Microcline

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Microcline

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Microcline

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
K(AlSi3O8)ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite
trans.png
Amazonite

Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Amazonite, etc.

Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Amazonite

Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Amazonite

Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Amazonite, etc.

Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Amazonite

Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Amazonite

Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Amazonite, etc.

Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
K(◻H2O)Ca2(Be2Al)[Si12O30]ⓘ Milarite
trans.png
Milarite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Milarite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Milarite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Milarite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Milarite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Milarite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Milarite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Milarite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
NiSⓘ Millerite
trans.png
Millerite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Millerite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Millerite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
Ce(PO4)ⓘ Monazite-(Ce)
trans.png
Monazite-(Ce), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Monazite-(Ce)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Monazite-(Ce), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Monazite-(Ce), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Monazite-(Ce)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Monazite-(Ce), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Monazite-(Ce), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Monazite-(Ce)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
REE(PO4)ⓘ 'Monazite Group'
trans.png
Monazite Group

Kangankunde Carbonatite Complex, Balaka, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Monazite Group

Kangankunde Carbonatite Complex, Balaka, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Monazite Group

Kangankunde Carbonatite Complex, Balaka, Southern Region, Malawi
LiAl(PO4)(OH)ⓘ Montebrasite
trans.png
Montebrasite

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Montebrasite

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Montebrasite

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
Al3(UO2)(PO4)3(OH)2 · 13H2Oⓘ Moreauite (TL)
trans.png
Moreauite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Moreauite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Moreauite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Moreauite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Moreauite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Moreauite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Moreauite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Moreauite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
WAlO3(OH)3 · 2(H2O)ⓘ Mpororoite (TL)
trans.png
Mpororoite

Mpororo W Deposit, Kisoro, Western Region, Uganda
trans.png
Mpororoite

Mpororo W Deposit, Kisoro, Western Region, Uganda
trans.png
Mpororoite

Mpororo W Deposit, Kisoro, Western Region, Uganda
Al(UO2)3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5.5H2Oⓘ Mundite (TL)
trans.png
Mundite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Mundite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Mundite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Mundite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Mundite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Mundite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Mundite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Mundite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2ⓘ Muscovite
trans.png
Muscovite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Muscovite, etc.

Kamituga-Mobale mine, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Muscovite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Muscovite, etc.

Kamituga-Mobale mine, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Muscovite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Muscovite, etc.

Kamituga-Mobale mine, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
Auⓘ Native Gold
trans.png
Native Gold

New Luika Gold Mine, Lupa Gold field, Mbeya Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Native Gold

Mongbwalu gold Mine, Mongbwalu, Djugu Territory, Ituri, DR Congo
trans.png
Native Gold

Tulu Kapi gold deposit, West Welega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Native Gold

New Luika Gold Mine, Lupa Gold field, Mbeya Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Native Gold

Mongbwalu gold Mine, Mongbwalu, Djugu Territory, Ituri, DR Congo
trans.png
Native Gold

Tulu Kapi gold deposit, West Welega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Native Gold

New Luika Gold Mine, Lupa Gold field, Mbeya Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Native Gold

Mongbwalu gold Mine, Mongbwalu, Djugu Territory, Ituri, DR Congo
(Ir,Os,Ru)ⓘ Native Iridium
trans.png
Native Iridium

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Native Iridium

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Native Iridium

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Native Iridium

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Native Iridium

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Native Iridium

Tumet river, Asosa Zone, Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
S8ⓘ Native Sulphur
trans.png
Native Sulphur

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Native Sulphur

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Native Sulphur

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2Oⓘ Natrolite
trans.png
Natrolite, etc.

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda
trans.png
Natrolite, etc.

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda
trans.png
Natrolite

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda
trans.png
Natrolite, etc.

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda
trans.png
Natrolite, etc.

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda
trans.png
Natrolite

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda
trans.png
Natrolite, etc.

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda
trans.png
Natrolite, etc.

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda
K2NaFe2+7(NbTi)[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4Oⓘ Niobophyllite
trans.png
Niobophyllite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Niobophyllite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Niobophyllite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Niobophyllite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Niobophyllite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Niobophyllite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Niobophyllite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Niobophyllite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Na3Mg(CO3)2Clⓘ Northupite
trans.png
Northupite

Katwe Crater Lake, Katwe-Kikorongo volcanic field, Kasese, Western Region, Uganda
trans.png
Northupite

Katwe Crater Lake, Katwe-Kikorongo volcanic field, Kasese, Western Region, Uganda
trans.png
Northupite

Katwe Crater Lake, Katwe-Kikorongo volcanic field, Kasese, Western Region, Uganda
trans.png
Northupite

Katwe Crater Lake, Katwe-Kikorongo volcanic field, Kasese, Western Region, Uganda
trans.png
Northupite

Katwe Crater Lake, Katwe-Kikorongo volcanic field, Kasese, Western Region, Uganda
trans.png
Northupite

Katwe Crater Lake, Katwe-Kikorongo volcanic field, Kasese, Western Region, Uganda
trans.png
Northupite

Katwe Crater Lake, Katwe-Kikorongo volcanic field, Kasese, Western Region, Uganda
trans.png
Northupite

Katwe Crater Lake, Katwe-Kikorongo volcanic field, Kasese, Western Region, Uganda
Na2Ca(CO3)2ⓘ Nyerereite (TL)
trans.png
Nyerereite

Ol Doinyo Lengai, Ngorongoro District, Arusha region, Tanzania
trans.png
Nyerereite

Ol Doinyo Lengai, Ngorongoro District, Arusha region, Tanzania
trans.png
Nyerereite

Ol Doinyo Lengai, Ngorongoro District, Arusha region, Tanzania
SiO2 · nH2Oⓘ Opal
trans.png
Opal

Tsehay Mewcha, Delanta Woreda, North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Opal

Tsehay Mewcha, Delanta Woreda, North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Opal

Tsehay Mewcha, Delanta Woreda, North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Opal

Tsehay Mewcha, Delanta Woreda, North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Opal

Tsehay Mewcha, Delanta Woreda, North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Opal

Tsehay Mewcha, Delanta Woreda, North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Opal

Tsehay Mewcha, Delanta Woreda, North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Opal

Tsehay Mewcha, Delanta Woreda, North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
K(AlSi3O8)ⓘ Orthoclase
trans.png
Orthoclase

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Orthoclase, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Orthoclase

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Orthoclase

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Orthoclase

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Orthoclase, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Orthoclase

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Orthoclase

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Orthoclase

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Orthoclase, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2ⓘ Pargasite
trans.png
Pargasite

Mundarara Mine, Longido District, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Pargasite

Mundarara Mine, Longido District, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Pargasite, etc.

Mundarara Mine, Longido District, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Pargasite

Mundarara Mine, Longido District, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Pargasite

Mundarara Mine, Longido District, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Pargasite, etc.

Mundarara Mine, Longido District, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Pargasite

Mundarara Mine, Longido District, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Pargasite

Mundarara Mine, Longido District, Arusha Region, Tanzania
Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2ⓘ 'Parisite'
trans.png
Parisite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Parisite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Parisite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Parisite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Parisite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Parisite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
CaCe2(CO3)3F2ⓘ Parisite-(Ce)
trans.png
Parisite-(Ce)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Parisite-(Ce)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Parisite-(Ce), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Parisite-(Ce)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Parisite-(Ce)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Parisite-(Ce)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Parisite-(Ce), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Parisite-(Ce)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Parisite-(Ce)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Parisite-(Ce)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2ⓘ Phlogopite
trans.png
Phlogopite

Epanko, Mahenge, Ulanga District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Phlogopite

Epanko, Mahenge, Ulanga District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Phlogopite

Epanko, Mahenge, Ulanga District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
Al2[(UO2)3(PO4)2O(OH)](OH)3(H2O)9ⓘ Phuralumite (TL)
trans.png
Phuralumite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Phuralumite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Phuralumite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Phuralumite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Phuralumite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Phuralumite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Phuralumite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Phuralumite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
ⓘ 'Plumbomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)' (FRL)
trans.png
Plumbomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)

Mumba cassiterite gravels, Mumba, Osso, Masisi Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Plumbomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)

Mumba cassiterite gravels, Mumba, Osso, Masisi Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Plumbomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)

Mumba cassiterite gravels, Mumba, Osso, Masisi Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Plumbomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)

Mumba cassiterite gravels, Mumba, Osso, Masisi Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Plumbomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)

Mumba cassiterite gravels, Mumba, Osso, Masisi Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Plumbomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)

Mumba cassiterite gravels, Mumba, Osso, Masisi Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2ⓘ Prehnite
trans.png
Prehnite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Prehnite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Prehnite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Prehnite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Prehnite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Prehnite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Prehnite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Prehnite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
FeS2ⓘ Pyrite
trans.png
Pyrite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Pyrite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Pyrite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Pyrite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Pyrite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Pyrite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Pyrite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Pyrite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
A2Nb2(O,OH)6Zⓘ 'Pyrochlore Group'
trans.png
Pyrochlore Group, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Pyrochlore Group

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Pyrochlore Group

Lueshe Mine, Bwito, Rutshuru Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Pyrochlore Group, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Pyrochlore Group

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Pyrochlore Group

Lueshe Mine, Bwito, Rutshuru Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Pyrochlore Group, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Pyrochlore Group

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Group var. Zero valent dominant member of Pyrochlore Group'
trans.png
Zero valent dominant member of Pyrochlore Group

Panda Hill, Mbeya Rural District, Mbeya Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Zero valent dominant member of Pyrochlore Group

Panda Hill, Mbeya Rural District, Mbeya Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Zero valent dominant member of Pyrochlore Group

Panda Hill, Mbeya Rural District, Mbeya Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Zero valent dominant member of Pyrochlore Group

Panda Hill, Mbeya Rural District, Mbeya Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Zero valent dominant member of Pyrochlore Group

Panda Hill, Mbeya Rural District, Mbeya Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Zero valent dominant member of Pyrochlore Group

Panda Hill, Mbeya Rural District, Mbeya Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Zero valent dominant member of Pyrochlore Group

Panda Hill, Mbeya Rural District, Mbeya Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Zero valent dominant member of Pyrochlore Group

Panda Hill, Mbeya Rural District, Mbeya Region, Tanzania
Pb5(PO4)3Clⓘ Pyromorphite
trans.png
Pyromorphite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Pyromorphite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Pyromorphite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
SiO2ⓘ Quartz
trans.png
Quartz

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Quartz

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Quartz, etc.

Danburite mine, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Quartz

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Quartz

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Quartz, etc.

Danburite mine, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Quartz

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Quartz

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
SiO2ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst
trans.png
Amethyst

Nekemte, East Welega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Amethyst

Baobab Mine, Kitui County, Kenya
trans.png
Amethyst, etc.

Baobab Mine, Kitui County, Kenya
trans.png
Amethyst

Baobab Mine, Kitui County, Kenya
trans.png
Amethyst

Nekemte, East Welega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Amethyst

Baobab Mine, Kitui County, Kenya
trans.png
Amethyst, etc.

Baobab Mine, Kitui County, Kenya
trans.png
Amethyst

Baobab Mine, Kitui County, Kenya
trans.png
Amethyst

Nekemte, East Welega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Amethyst

Baobab Mine, Kitui County, Kenya
SiO2ⓘ Quartz var. Blue Lace Agate
trans.png
Blue Lace Agate, etc.

Lapurr Range, Turkana County, Kenya
trans.png
Blue Lace Agate, etc.

Lapurr Range, Turkana County, Kenya
trans.png
Blue Lace Agate, etc.

Lapurr Range, Turkana County, Kenya
SiO2ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz
trans.png
Smoky Quartz, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Smoky Quartz, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Smoky Quartz

Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Smoky Quartz, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Smoky Quartz, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Smoky Quartz, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Smoky Quartz

Konso, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
trans.png
Smoky Quartz, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Smoky Quartz, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Smoky Quartz, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
(Na,K)3(Ta,Nb,Al)11(O,OH)31ⓘ Rankamaite (TL)
trans.png
Rankamaite

Mumba cassiterite gravels, Mumba, Osso, Masisi Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Rankamaite, etc.

Mumba cassiterite gravels, Mumba, Osso, Masisi Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Rankamaite

Mumba cassiterite gravels, Mumba, Osso, Masisi Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Rankamaite

Mumba cassiterite gravels, Mumba, Osso, Masisi Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Rankamaite, etc.

Mumba cassiterite gravels, Mumba, Osso, Masisi Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Rankamaite

Mumba cassiterite gravels, Mumba, Osso, Masisi Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Rankamaite

Mumba cassiterite gravels, Mumba, Osso, Masisi Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Rankamaite, etc.

Mumba cassiterite gravels, Mumba, Osso, Masisi Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
HAl(UO2)(PO4)(OH)3 · 4H2Oⓘ Ranunculite (TL)
trans.png
Ranunculite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Ranunculite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Ranunculite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Ranunculite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Ranunculite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Ranunculite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Ranunculite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Ranunculite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
La(PO4) · H2Oⓘ Rhabdophane-(La)
trans.png
Rhabdophane-(La)

Gakara Project, Bujumbura Rural Province, Burundi
trans.png
Rhabdophane-(La), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Rhabdophane-(La)

Gakara Project, Bujumbura Rural Province, Burundi
trans.png
Rhabdophane-(La), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Rhabdophane-(La)

Gakara Project, Bujumbura Rural Province, Burundi
trans.png
Rhabdophane-(La), etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
KHCa2Si8O19 · 5H2Oⓘ Rhodesite
trans.png
Rhodesite

Ol Doinyo Lengai, Ngorongoro District, Arusha region, Tanzania
trans.png
Rhodesite

Ol Doinyo Lengai, Ngorongoro District, Arusha region, Tanzania
trans.png
Rhodesite

Ol Doinyo Lengai, Ngorongoro District, Arusha region, Tanzania
Zn2CuGaS4ⓘ Richardsite (TL)
trans.png
Richardsite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Richardsite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Richardsite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Richardsite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Richardsite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Richardsite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
◻Na2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)Si8O22(OH)2ⓘ Riebeckite
trans.png
Riebeckite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Riebeckite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Riebeckite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Riebeckite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Riebeckite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Riebeckite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Riebeckite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Riebeckite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
(UO2)CO3ⓘ Rutherfordine (TL)
trans.png
Rutherfordine, etc.

Lukwengule, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Rutherfordine, etc.

Lukwengule, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Rutherfordine, etc.

Lukwengule, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
ⓘ 'Scapolite'
trans.png
Scapolite

Marble occurrence, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Scapolite

Marble occurrence, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Scapolite

Marble occurrence, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Scapolite

Marble occurrence, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Scapolite

Marble occurrence, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Scapolite

Marble occurrence, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Scapolite

Marble occurrence, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Scapolite

Marble occurrence, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
MnPO4 · H2Oⓘ Serrabrancaite
trans.png
Serrabrancaite

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Serrabrancaite

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Serrabrancaite

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
FeCO3ⓘ Siderite
trans.png
Siderite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Siderite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Siderite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Siderite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Siderite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Siderite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3ⓘ Spessartine
trans.png
Spessartine

Nani Hill, Loliondo, Ngorongoro district, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Spessartine

Nani Hill, Loliondo, Ngorongoro district, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Spessartine

Nani Hill, Loliondo, Ngorongoro district, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Spessartine

Nani Hill, Loliondo, Ngorongoro district, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Spessartine

Nani Hill, Loliondo, Ngorongoro district, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Spessartine

Nani Hill, Loliondo, Ngorongoro district, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Spessartine

Nani Hill, Loliondo, Ngorongoro district, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Spessartine

Nani Hill, Loliondo, Ngorongoro district, Arusha Region, Tanzania
ZnSⓘ Sphalerite
trans.png
Sphalerite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Sphalerite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Sphalerite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Sphalerite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Sphalerite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Sphalerite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
MgAl2O4ⓘ Spinel
trans.png
Spinel

Marble occurrence, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Spinel

Marble occurrence, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Spinel

Marble occurrence, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Spinel

Marble occurrence, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Spinel

Marble occurrence, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Spinel

Marble occurrence, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Spinel

Marble occurrence, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Spinel

Marble occurrence, Morogoro Rural District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Fe3+(PO4)Oⓘ Stanĕkite
trans.png
Stanĕkite, etc.

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Stanĕkite, etc.

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Stanĕkite, etc.

Buranga pegmatite, Muhororo, Ngororero District, Western Province, Rwanda
M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2Oⓘ 'Stilbite Subgroup'
trans.png
Stilbite Subgroup, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Stilbite Subgroup, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Stilbite Subgroup, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
Mn2+Ta2O6ⓘ Tantalite-(Mn)
trans.png
Tantalite-(Mn)

Mumba cassiterite gravels, Mumba, Osso, Masisi Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Tantalite-(Mn)

Mumba cassiterite gravels, Mumba, Osso, Masisi Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Tantalite-(Mn)

Mumba cassiterite gravels, Mumba, Osso, Masisi Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
Al(UO2)2(PO4)2(OH) · 8H2Oⓘ Threadgoldite (TL)
trans.png
Threadgoldite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Threadgoldite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Threadgoldite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Threadgoldite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Threadgoldite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Threadgoldite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Threadgoldite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Threadgoldite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
CaTi(SiO4)Oⓘ Titanite
trans.png
Titanite

Mahenge, Ulanga District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Titanite

Mahenge, Ulanga District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Titanite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Titanite

Mahenge, Ulanga District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Titanite

Mahenge, Ulanga District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Titanite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Titanite

Mahenge, Ulanga District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Titanite

Mahenge, Ulanga District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania
AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Zⓘ 'Tourmaline'
trans.png
Tourmaline

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tourmaline

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tourmaline

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tourmaline

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tourmaline

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tourmaline

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tourmaline

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tourmaline

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Zⓘ 'Tourmaline var. Chrome-Tourmaline'
trans.png
Chrome-Tourmaline

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Chrome-Tourmaline

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Chrome-Tourmaline, etc.

Landanai, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Chrome-Tourmaline

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Chrome-Tourmaline

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Chrome-Tourmaline, etc.

Landanai, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Chrome-Tourmaline

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Chrome-Tourmaline

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2ⓘ Tremolite
trans.png
Tremolite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tremolite

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
trans.png
Tremolite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tremolite

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tremolite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tremolite

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
trans.png
Tremolite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tremolite

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tremolite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tremolite

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
◻{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2ⓘ Tremolite var. Chrome-Tremolite
trans.png
Chrome-Tremolite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Chrome-Tremolite

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Chrome-Tremolite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Chrome-Tremolite

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Chrome-Tremolite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Chrome-Tremolite

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Chrome-Tremolite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Chrome-Tremolite

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Chrome-Tremolite, etc.

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Chrome-Tremolite

D-Block Mine, Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
Al3(UO2)4(PO4)4(OH)5 · 5H2Oⓘ Triangulite (TL)
trans.png
Triangulite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Triangulite, etc.

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Triangulite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Triangulite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Triangulite, etc.

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Triangulite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Triangulite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Triangulite, etc.

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
Na3H(CO3)2 · 2H2Oⓘ Trona
trans.png
Trona

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
trans.png
Trona

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
trans.png
Trona

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
trans.png
Trona

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
trans.png
Trona

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
trans.png
Trona

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
WO3 · H2Oⓘ Tungstite
trans.png
Tungstite

Nyakabingo Mine, Rulindo District, Northern Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Tungstite

Nyakabingo Mine, Rulindo District, Northern Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Tungstite

Nyakabingo Mine, Rulindo District, Northern Province, Rwanda
Al(UO2)3(PO4)2O(OH) · 7H2Oⓘ Upalite (TL)
trans.png
Upalite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Upalite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Upalite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Upalite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Upalite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Upalite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Upalite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
trans.png
Upalite

Kobokobo pegmatite, Mwenga Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
Pb(MoO4)ⓘ Wulfenite
trans.png
Wulfenite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Wulfenite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Wulfenite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Wulfenite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Wulfenite, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Wulfenite

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
(Zn,Fe)Sⓘ Wurtzite
trans.png
Wurtzite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Wurtzite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Wurtzite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Wurtzite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Wurtzite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Wurtzite, etc.

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Wurtzite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Wurtzite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
Y(PO4)ⓘ Xenotime-(Y)
trans.png
Xenotime-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Xenotime-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Xenotime-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Xenotime-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Xenotime-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Xenotime-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Xenotime-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Xenotime-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Xenotime-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Xenotime-(Y)

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
Mg(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)2O(OH)ⓘ Yoderite (TL)
trans.png
Yoderite

Mautia Hill, Kongwa, Kongwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Yoderite

Mautia Hill, Kongwa, Kongwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Yoderite, etc.

Mautia Hill, Kongwa, Kongwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Yoderite

Mautia Hill, Kongwa, Kongwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Yoderite

Mautia Hill, Kongwa, Kongwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Yoderite, etc.

Mautia Hill, Kongwa, Kongwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Yoderite

Mautia Hill, Kongwa, Kongwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Yoderite

Mautia Hill, Kongwa, Kongwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
CeW2O6(OH)3ⓘ Yttrotungstite-(Ce) (TL)
trans.png
Yttrotungstite-(Ce)

Nyamulilo Mine, Kabale, Western Region, Uganda
trans.png
Yttrotungstite-(Ce)

Nyamulilo Mine, Kabale, Western Region, Uganda
trans.png
Yttrotungstite-(Ce)

Nyamulilo Mine, Kabale, Western Region, Uganda
NdW2O7(OH) · H2Oⓘ Yttrotungstite-(Nd) (TL)
trans.png
Yttrotungstite-(Nd), etc.

Nyakabingo Mine, Rulindo District, Northern Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Yttrotungstite-(Nd), etc.

Nyakabingo Mine, Rulindo District, Northern Province, Rwanda
trans.png
Yttrotungstite-(Nd), etc.

Nyakabingo Mine, Rulindo District, Northern Province, Rwanda
Zr(SiO4)ⓘ Zircon
trans.png
Zircon

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Zircon, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Zircon

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Zircon

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Zircon, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Zircon

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Zircon

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
trans.png
Zircon, etc.

Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi
(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)ⓘ Zoisite
trans.png
Zoisite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Zoisite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Zoisite, etc.

Mundarara Mine, Longido District, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Zoisite, etc.

Mundarara Mine, Longido District, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Zoisite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Zoisite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Zoisite, etc.

Mundarara Mine, Longido District, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Zoisite, etc.

Mundarara Mine, Longido District, Arusha Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Zoisite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Zoisite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)ⓘ Zoisite var. Tanzanite
trans.png
Tanzanite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tanzanite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tanzanite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tanzanite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tanzanite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tanzanite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tanzanite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tanzanite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tanzanite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania
trans.png
Tanzanite

Merelani Hills, Lelatema Mountains, Simanjiro District, Manyara Region, Tanzania

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘKitagohaite (TL)1.A0.Pt7Cu
ⓘNative Gold1.AA.05Au
ⓘvar. Electrum1.AA.05(Au,Ag)
ⓘNative Silver1.AA.05Ag
ⓘNative Lead1.AA.05Pb
ⓘNative Copper1.AA.05Cu
ⓘAuricupride1.AA.10aCu3Au
ⓘTetra-auricupride1.AA.10bAuCu
ⓘ'Tongxinite'1.AB.10bCu2Zn
ⓘNative Iron
var. Kamacite		1.AE.05(Fe,Ni)
ⓘ1.AE.05Fe
ⓘTaenite1.AE.10(Ni,Fe)
ⓘAwaruite1.AE.20Ni3Fe
ⓘNative Osmium1.AF.05(Os,Ir,Ru)
ⓘNative Ruthenium1.AF.05(Ru,Ir)
ⓘRutheniridosmine1.AF.05(Ir,Os,Ru)
ⓘNative Osmium
var. Iridosmine		1.AF.05(Os,Ir)
ⓘNative Iridium1.AF.10(Ir,Os,Ru)
ⓘNative Palladium1.AF.10(Pd,Pt)
ⓘNative Platinum1.AF.10Pt
ⓘRustenburgite1.AG.10(Pt,Pd)3Sn
ⓘAtokite1.AG.10(Pd,Pt)3Sn
ⓘPlumbopalladinite1.AG.25Pd3Pb2
ⓘCabriite1.AG.30Pd2CuSn
ⓘIsoferroplatinum1.AG.35Pt3Fe
ⓘTetraferroplatinum1.AG.40PtFe
ⓘTulameenite1.AG.40Pt2CuFe
ⓘSkaergaardite1.AG.45PdCu
ⓘHongshiite1.AG.45PtCu
ⓘNiggliite1.AG.60PtSn
ⓘPerryite1.BB.10(Ni,Fe)5(Si,P)2
ⓘPalladosilicide (TL)1.BB.55Pd2Si
ⓘOsbornite ?1.BC.15TiN
ⓘSchreibersite1.BD.05(Fe,Ni)3P
ⓘNative Bismuth1.CA.05Bi
ⓘNative Antimony1.CA.05Sb
ⓘNative Arsenic1.CA.05As
ⓘGraphite1.CB.05aC
ⓘDiamond1.CB.10aC
ⓘNative Sulphur1.CC.05S8
ⓘMoissanite ?1.DA.SiC
ⓘSinoite1.DB.10Si2N2O
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘDyscrasite2.AA.35Ag3Sb
ⓘMaucherite2.AB.15Ni11As8
ⓘStibiopalladinite2.AC.20aPd5Sb2
ⓘMenshikovite2.AC.20cPd3Ni2As3
ⓘGenkinite2.AC.35aPt4Sb3
ⓘChalcocite2.BA.05Cu2S
ⓘDigenite2.BA.10Cu9S5
ⓘBornite2.BA.15Cu5FeS4
ⓘRickardite ?2.BA.30Cu7Te5
ⓘAcanthite2.BA.35Ag2S
ⓘHessite2.BA.60Ag2Te
ⓘStützite2.BA.65Ag5-xTe3, x = 0.24-0.36
ⓘPetzite2.BA.75Ag3AuTe2
ⓘHeazlewoodite2.BB.05Ni3S2
ⓘPentlandite2.BB.15(NixFey)Σ9S8
ⓘArgentopentlandite2.BB.15Ag(Fe,Ni)8S8
ⓘCobaltpentlandite2.BB.15Co9S8
ⓘKeithconnite2.BC.20Pd20Te7
ⓘLuberoite2.BC.35Pt5Se4
ⓘSopcheite2.BC.55Ag4Pd3Te4
ⓘParkerite2.BE.20Ni3(Bi,Pb)2S2
ⓘCovellite2.CA.05aCuS
ⓘKlockmannite ?2.CA.05bCuSe
ⓘRichardsite (TL)2.CB.Zn2CuGaS4
ⓘSphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
ⓘHawleyite ?2.CB.05aCdS
ⓘChalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
ⓘStannite2.CB.15aCu2FeSnS4
ⓘColusite2.CB.30Cu13VAs3S16
ⓘGermanocolusite2.CB.30Cu26V2(Ge,As)6S32
ⓘWurtzite2.CB.45(Zn,Fe)S
ⓘGreenockite2.CB.45CdS
ⓘCubanite2.CB.55aCuFe2S3
ⓘMuthmannite2.CB.85AuAgTe2
ⓘNickeline2.CC.05NiAs
ⓘBreithauptite2.CC.05NiSb
ⓘSobolevskite2.CC.05PdBi
ⓘKotulskite2.CC.05Pd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4)
ⓘSudburyite2.CC.05PdSb
ⓘPyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
ⓘTroilite2.CC.10FeS
ⓘSmythite2.CC.10(Fe,Ni)3+xS4 (x=0-0.3)
ⓘMillerite2.CC.20NiS
ⓘMackinawite2.CC.25FeS
ⓘVysotskite2.CC.35aPdS
ⓘCooperite2.CC.35bPtS
ⓘAlabandite2.CD.10MnS
ⓘGalena2.CD.10PbS
ⓘClausthalite2.CD.10PbSe
ⓘNiningerite2.CD.10MgS
ⓘOldhamite2.CD.10CaS
ⓘAltaite2.CD.10PbTe
ⓘDaubréelite2.DA.05Fe2+Cr3+2S4
ⓘSiegenite2.DA.05CoNi2S4
ⓘLinnaeite2.DA.05Co2+Co3+2S4
ⓘViolarite2.DA.05Fe2+Ni3+2S4
ⓘPolydymite2.DA.05Ni2+Ni3+2S4
ⓘGreigite ?2.DA.05Fe2+Fe3+2S4
ⓘBismuthinite2.DB.05Bi2S3
ⓘStibnite2.DB.05Sb2S3
ⓘLaitakarite2.DC.05Bi4(Se,S)3
ⓘPilsenite2.DC.05Bi4Te3
ⓘTsumoite2.DC.05BiTe
ⓘSylvanite2.EA.05AgAuTe4
ⓘCalaverite2.EA.10AuTe2
ⓘMoncheite2.EA.20Pt(Te,Bi)2
ⓘMelonite2.EA.20NiTe2
ⓘMolybdenite2.EA.30MoS2
ⓘPyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
ⓘvar. Cobalt-bearing Pyrite2.EB.05a(Fe,Co)S2
ⓘAurostibite2.EB.05aAuSb2
ⓘSperrylite2.EB.05aPtAs2
ⓘLaurite2.EB.05aRuS2
ⓘPyrite
var. Bravoite		2.EB.05a(Fe,Ni)S2
ⓘGeversite2.EB.05aPtSb2
ⓘPyrite
var. Arsenic-bearing Pyrite		2.EB.05aFe(S,As)2
ⓘMarcasite2.EB.10aFeS2
ⓘNisbite2.EB.15aNiSb2
ⓘArsenopyrite2.EB.20FeAsS
ⓘGudmundite2.EB.20FeSbS
ⓘRuarsite2.EB.20(Ru,Os)AsS
ⓘGersdorffite2.EB.25NiAsS
ⓘUllmannite2.EB.25NiSbS
ⓘIrarsite2.EB.25(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
ⓘCobaltite2.EB.25CoAsS
ⓘMichenerite2.EB.25PdBiTe
ⓘMaslovite2.EB.25PtBiTe
ⓘOrpiment2.FA.30As2S3
ⓘRasvumite2.FB.20KFe2S3
ⓘDjerfisherite (TL)2.FC.05K6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
ⓘChlorbartonite ?2.FC.10K6Fe24S26(Cl,S)
ⓘTochilinite2.FD.35Fe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10
ⓘBournonite2.GA.50PbCuSbS3
ⓘ'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
ⓘ'Tennantite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S
ⓘMeneghinite2.HB.05bPb13CuSb7S24
ⓘDufrénoysite2.HC.05dPb2As2S5
ⓘBoulangerite2.HC.15Pb5Sb4S11
ⓘMerelaniite (TL)2.HF.25aMo4Pb4VSbS15
ⓘCosalite2.JB.10Pb2Bi2S5
ⓘJordanite2.JB.30aPb14As6S23
ⓘPermingeatite ?2.KA.10Cu3SbSe4
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘVilliaumite3.AA.20NaF
ⓘHalite3.AA.20NaCl
ⓘSylvite3.AA.20KCl
ⓘSalammoniac3.AA.25NH4Cl
ⓘNeighborite3.AA.35NaMgF3
ⓘParascandolaite ?3.AA.35KMgF3
ⓘSellaite3.AB.15MgF2
ⓘFluorite3.AB.25CaF2
ⓘvar. Yttrofluorite3.AB.25(Ca1-xYx)F2+x where 0.05 < x < 0.3
ⓘElpasolite3.CB.15K2NaAlF6
ⓘHieratite3.CH.15K2[SiF6]
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ'Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series'4..
ⓘGoethite4.00.Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘ'Pyrochlore Group'4.00.A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
ⓘ'Microlite Group'4.00.A2-mTa2X6-wZ1-n
ⓘ'Pyrochlore Group
var. Zero valent dominant member of Pyrochlore Group'		4.00.A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
ⓘ'var. Uranpyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977)'4.00.(Ca,U,Ce)2(Nb,Ti,Ta)2O6(OH,F)
ⓘCuprite4.AA.10Cu2O
ⓘPericlase4.AB.25MgO
ⓘChrysoberyl
var. Alexandrite		4.BA.05BeAl2O4
ⓘ4.BA.05BeAl2O4
ⓘSpinel4.BB.05MgAl2O4
ⓘMagnesiochromite4.BB.05MgCr2O4
ⓘMagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘvar. Titanium-bearing Magnetite4.BB.05Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
ⓘHercynite4.BB.05Fe2+Al2O4
ⓘChromite4.BB.05Fe2+Cr3+2O4
ⓘTrevorite4.BB.05Ni2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘHercynite
var. Picotite		4.BB.05(Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4
ⓘGahnite4.BB.05ZnAl2O4
ⓘMagnetite
var. Ishkulite		4.BB.05Fe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4
ⓘvar. Chrommagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4
ⓘMagnesioferrite4.BB.05MgFe3+2O4
ⓘJacobsite4.BB.05Mn2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘFranklinite4.BB.05Zn2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘUlvöspinel4.BB.05TiFe2+2O4
ⓘCuprospinel ?4.BB.05Cu2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘMaghemite4.BB.15(Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe3+2O4
ⓘCorundum
var. Ruby		4.CB.05Al2O3
ⓘ4.CB.05Al2O3
ⓘHematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
ⓘIlmenite4.CB.05Fe2+TiO3
ⓘPyrophanite4.CB.05Mn2+TiO3
ⓘHematite
var. Martite		4.CB.05Fe2O3
ⓘKarelianite4.CB.05V3+2O3
ⓘIlmenite
var. Manganese-bearing Ilmenite		4.CB.05(Fe,Mn)2+TiO3
ⓘCorundum
var. Sapphire		4.CB.05Al2O3
ⓘvar. Padparadscha4.CB.05Al2O3
ⓘHematite
var. Specularite		4.CB.05Fe2O3
ⓘBixbyite-(Mn)4.CB.10Mn3+2O3
ⓘPseudobrookite4.CB.15Fe2TiO5
ⓘMagnesiohögbomite-2N3S (TL)4.CB.20[(Mg,Fe2+,Zn)4(Al,Ti,Fe3+)10O19(OH)]2
ⓘMagnesiohögbomite-6N6S (TL)4.CB.20[(Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Ti,Fe3+)8O15(OH)]6
ⓘBerdesinskiite (TL)4.CB.30V3+2TiO5
ⓘSchreyerite (TL)4.CB.35V3+2Ti4+3O9
ⓘBismite4.CB.60Bi2O3
ⓘLueshite (TL)4.CC.30NaNbO3
ⓘPerovskite4.CC.30CaTiO3
ⓘLatrappite4.CC.30Ca2NbFe3+O6
ⓘ'Uhligite'4.CC.40Ca3(Ti,Al,Zr)9O20 ?
ⓘDavidite-(La)4.CC.40La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
ⓘHibonite4.CC.45CaAl12O19
ⓘQuartz
var. Amethyst		4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘ4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Smoky Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Blue Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Rose Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Chalcedony4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Rock Crystal4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Blue Lace Agate4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Shocked Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Agate4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Milky Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘOpal4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘTridymite4.DA.10SiO2
ⓘOpal
var. Opaline		4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘvar. Opal-AN4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘvar. White Opal4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘvar. Prase Opal4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘvar. Opal-CT4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘvar. Opal-A4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘCristobalite4.DA.15SiO2
ⓘMelanophlogite4.DA.2546SiO2 · 6(N2,CO2) · 2(CH4,N2)
ⓘVarlamoffite (TL)4.DB.05Sn1-xFexO2-x(OH)
ⓘRutile4.DB.05TiO2
ⓘCassiterite4.DB.05SnO2
ⓘRutile
var. Ilmenorutile		4.DB.05(Ti,Nb)O2
ⓘvar. Niobium-bearing Rutile4.DB.05(Ti,Nb)O2
ⓘPyrolusite4.DB.05Mn4+O2
ⓘCassiterite
var. Wood Tin		4.DB.05SnO2
ⓘTapiolite-(Fe)4.DB.10Fe2+Ta2O6
ⓘSamarskite-(Y)4.DB.25YFe3+Nb2O8
ⓘFerberite4.DB.30FeWO4
ⓘvar. Reinite4.DB.30FeWO4
ⓘ'Wolframite Group'4.DB.30 va
ⓘTantalite-(Mn)4.DB.35Mn2+Ta2O6
ⓘTantalite-(Fe)4.DB.35Fe2+Ta2O6
ⓘColumbite-(Fe)4.DB.35Fe2+Nb2O6
ⓘColumbite-(Mn)4.DB.35Mn2+Nb2O6
ⓘLithiowodginite4.DB.40LiTa3O8
ⓘWodginite4.DB.40Mn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
ⓘFerrowodginite4.DB.40Fe2+Sn4+Ta2O8
ⓘWodginite
var. Iron-bearing Wodginite		4.DB.40Mn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
ⓘSimpsonite4.DC.10Al4Ta3O13(OH)
ⓘAnatase4.DD.05TiO2
ⓘBrookite4.DD.10TiO2
ⓘBaddeleyite4.DE.35ZrO2
ⓘEuxenite-(Y)4.DG.05(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
ⓘFersmite4.DG.05CaNb2O6
ⓘTanteuxenite-(Y)4.DG.05Y(Ta,Nb,Ti)2(O,OH)6
ⓘFoordite (TL)4.DG.15Sn2+Nb2O6
ⓘThoreaulite4.DG.15Sn2+Ta2O6
ⓘRaspite4.DG.20Pb(WO4)
ⓘ'Plumbomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)' (TL)4.DH.15
ⓘHydropyrochlore (TL)4.DH.15(H2O,◻)2Nb2(O,OH)6(H2O)
ⓘHydroxykenoelsmoreite (TL)4.DH.15(◻,Pb)2(W,Fe3+,Al)2(O,OH)6(OH)
ⓘHydrokenoelsmoreite4.DH.15◻2W2O6(H2O)
ⓘvar. Ferritungstite4.DH.15◻2(W,Fe3+)2(O,OH)6(H2O)
ⓘ'Oxynatropyrochlore'4.DH.15(Na,Ca,U)2Nb2O6(O,OH)
ⓘHydrokenoelsmoreite
var. Alumotungstite		4.DH.15 va◻2W2O6(H2O)
ⓘCryptomelane4.DK.05aK(Mn4+7Mn3+)O16
ⓘHollandite4.DK.05aBa(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16
ⓘRomanèchite4.DK.10(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
ⓘCerianite-(Ce)4.DL.05(Ce4+,Th)O2
ⓘUraninite4.DL.05UO2
ⓘThorianite4.DL.05ThO2
ⓘCalzirtite4.DL.10Ca2Zr5Ti2O16
ⓘRankamaite (TL)4.DM.05(Na,K)3(Ta,Nb,Al)11(O,OH)31
ⓘCesplumtantite4.DM.15(Cs,Na)2(Pb,Sb3+)3Ta8O24
ⓘDiaspore4.FD.10AlO(OH)
ⓘManganite4.FD.15Mn3+O(OH)
ⓘYttrotungstite-(Ce) (TL)4.FD.20CeW2O6(OH)3
ⓘBrucite4.FE.05Mg(OH)2
ⓘGibbsite4.FE.10Al(OH)3
ⓘLithiophorite4.FE.25(Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2
ⓘVernadite4.FE.40(Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
ⓘMeymacite (TL)4.FJ.05WO3 · 2H2O
ⓘTungstite4.FJ.10WO3 · H2O
ⓘHydrotungstite4.FJ.15WO3 · 2H2O
ⓘYttrotungstite-(Nd) (TL)4.FM.NdW2O7(OH) · H2O
ⓘStudtite4.GA.15[(UO2)(O2)(H2O)2] · H2O
ⓘVandendriesscheite4.GB.40PbU7O22 · 12H2O
ⓘCavoite ?4.HE.40CaV4+3O7
ⓘGravegliaite4.JE.05Mn2+SO3 · 3H2O
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘGregoryite (TL)5.AA.10(Na2,K2,Ca)CO3
ⓘNahcolite5.AA.15NaHCO3
ⓘKalicinite5.AA.20KHCO3
ⓘSiderite5.AB.05FeCO3
ⓘCalcite5.AB.05CaCO3
ⓘMagnesite5.AB.05MgCO3
ⓘvar. Iron-bearing Magnesite5.AB.05(Mg,Fe)CO3
ⓘRhodochrosite5.AB.05MnCO3
ⓘGaspéite5.AB.05NiCO3
ⓘMagnesite
var. Breunnerite		5.AB.05(Mg,Fe)CO3
ⓘSmithsonite5.AB.05ZnCO3
ⓘCalcite
var. Mg-rich Calcite		5.AB.05(Ca,Mg)CO3
ⓘvar. Iron-bearing Calcite5.AB.05(Ca,Fe)CO3
ⓘDolomite5.AB.10CaMg(CO3)2
ⓘvar. Iron-bearing Dolomite5.AB.10Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
ⓘAnkerite5.AB.10Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
ⓘCerussite5.AB.15PbCO3
ⓘStrontianite5.AB.15SrCO3
ⓘWitherite5.AB.15BaCO3
ⓘNyerereite (TL)5.AC.10Na2Ca(CO3)2
ⓘShortite5.AC.25Na2Ca2(CO3)3
ⓘBurbankite5.AC.30(Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5
ⓘAzurite5.BA.05Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
ⓘMalachite5.BA.10Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
ⓘDawsonite5.BB.10NaAlCO3(OH)2
ⓘCordylite-(Ce)5.BD.05NaBaCe2(CO3)4F
ⓘBastnäsite-(Ce)5.BD.20aCe(CO3)F
ⓘParisite-(Ce)5.BD.20bCaCe2(CO3)3F2
ⓘSynchysite-(Ce)5.BD.20cCaCe(CO3)2F
ⓘSynchysite-(Y)5.BD.20cCaY(CO3)2F
ⓘBismutite5.BE.25(BiO)2CO3
ⓘNorthupite5.BF.05Na3Mg(CO3)2Cl
ⓘTychite5.BF.05Na6Mg2(CO3)4(SO4)
ⓘDaqingshanite-(Ce)5.BF.15(Sr,Ca,Ba)3(Ce,La)(CO3)3-x(PO4)(OH,F)2x
ⓘThermonatrite5.CB.05Na2CO3 · H2O
ⓘNatron5.CB.10Na2CO3 · 10H2O
ⓘTrona5.CB.15Na3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
ⓘMonohydrocalcite5.CB.20CaCO3 · H2O
ⓘPirssonite5.CB.30Na2Ca(CO3)2 · 2H2O
ⓘGaylussite5.CB.35Na2Ca(CO3)2 · 5H2O
ⓘAncylite-(Ce)5.DC.05CeSr(CO3)2(OH) · H2O
ⓘAncylite-(La)5.DC.05LaSr(CO3)2(OH) · H2O
ⓘKozoite-(La)5.DC.05La(CO3)(OH)
ⓘRutherfordine (TL)5.EB.05(UO2)CO3
ⓘNitratine5.NA.05NaNO3
ⓘNitromagnesite5.NC.05Mg(NO3)2 · 6H2O
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘChalcocyanite7.AB.10CuSO4
ⓘAphthitalite7.AC.35K3Na(SO4)2
ⓘArcanite7.AD.05K2SO4
ⓘMascagnite7.AD.05(NH4)2SO4
ⓘThénardite7.AD.25Na2SO4
ⓘAnhydrite7.AD.30CaSO4
ⓘBaryte7.AD.35BaSO4
ⓘCelestine7.AD.35SrSO4
ⓘAnglesite7.AD.35PbSO4
ⓘDolerophanite7.BB.20Cu2(SO4)O
ⓘJarosite7.BC.10KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘAlunite7.BC.10KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘSulphohalite7.BD.05Na6(SO4)2FCl
ⓘSchairerite7.BD.10Na21(SO4)7ClF6
ⓘKogarkoite7.BD.15Na3(SO4)F
ⓘBurkeite7.BD.25Na6(CO3)(SO4)2
ⓘHanksite7.BD.30Na22K(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl
ⓘKieserite7.CB.05MgSO4 · H2O
ⓘChalcanthite7.CB.20CuSO4 · 5H2O
ⓘHexahydrite7.CB.25Mg(H2O)6(SO4)
ⓘEpsomite7.CB.40MgSO4 · 7H2O
ⓘHalotrichite7.CB.85Fe2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
ⓘTschermigite7.CC.20(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
ⓘLonecreekite7.CC.20(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O
ⓘBlödite7.CC.50Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
ⓘMohrite7.CC.60(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 · 6H2O
ⓘPolyhalite7.CC.65K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O
ⓘMirabilite7.CD.10Na2SO4 · 10H2O
ⓘEugsterite (TL)7.CD.25Na4Ca(SO4)3 · 2H2O
ⓘSyngenite7.CD.35K2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
ⓘGypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 · 2H2O
ⓘMontanite7.CD.60Bi2(TeO6) · nH2O
ⓘThaumasite7.DG.15Ca3(SO4)[Si(OH)6](CO3) · 12H2O
ⓘScheelite7.GA.05Ca(WO4)
ⓘFergusonite-(Y)7.GA.05YNbO4
ⓘWulfenite7.GA.05Pb(MoO4)
ⓘPowellite7.GA.05Ca(MoO4)
ⓘAnthoinite (TL)7.GB.35AlWO3(OH)3
ⓘMpororoite (TL)7.GB.35WAlO3(OH)3 · 2(H2O)
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘBerlinite8.AA.05AlPO4
ⓘLithiophilite8.AB.10LiMn2+PO4
ⓘTriphylite8.AB.10LiFe2+PO4
ⓘPurpurite8.AB.10Mn3+(PO4)
ⓘTriphylite
var. Ferrisicklerite		8.AB.10Li1-x(Fe3+xFe2+1-x)PO4
ⓘHeterosite8.AB.10Fe3+(PO4)
ⓘLithiophilite
var. Sicklerite		8.AB.10Li1-x(Mn3+xMn2+1-x)PO4
ⓘSarcopside8.AB.15Fe2+3(PO4)2
ⓘGraftonite8.AB.20Fe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2
ⓘ'Alluaudite-Na[]'8.AC.05 va◻4Na4Mn2+4Fe3+8(PO4)12
ⓘAlluaudite8.AC.10(Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3
ⓘVarulite8.AC.10NaCaMn2+Mn2+2(PO4)3
ⓘFerroalluaudite8.AC.10(Na,Ca)Fe2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)3
ⓘHagendorfite8.AC.10NaCaMn2+Fe2+2(PO4)3
ⓘFerrorosemaryite (TL)8.AC.15◻NaFe2+Fe3+Al(PO4)3
ⓘRosemaryite8.AC.15(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe2+)(Fe3+,Mg)Al(PO4)3
ⓘWyllieite8.AC.15(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
ⓘWhitlockite8.AC.45Ca9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)
ⓘMerrillite8.AC.45Ca9NaMg(PO4)7
ⓘFillowite8.AC.50Na3CaMn2+11(PO4)9
ⓘJohnsomervilleite8.AC.50Na3CaFe11(PO4)9
ⓘXenotime-(Y)8.AD.35Y(PO4)
ⓘWakefieldite-(Ce)8.AD.35Ce(VO4)
ⓘMonazite-(Ce)8.AD.50Ce(PO4)
ⓘMonazite-(La)8.AD.50La(PO4)
ⓘAmblygonite8.BB.05LiAl(PO4)F
ⓘTavorite8.BB.05LiFe3+(PO4)(OH)
ⓘMontebrasite8.BB.05LiAl(PO4)(OH)
ⓘTriplite8.BB.10Mn2+2(PO4)F
ⓘStanĕkite8.BB.15(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Fe3+(PO4)O
ⓘBarbosalite8.BB.40Fe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2
ⓘLazulite8.BB.40MgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2
ⓘScorzalite8.BB.40Fe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2
ⓘTrolleite8.BB.45Al4(PO4)3(OH)3
ⓘLipscombite8.BB.90Fe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2
ⓘFrondelite8.BC.10(Mn2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)5
ⓘRockbridgeite8.BC.10(Fe2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)5
ⓘPseudomalachite8.BD.05Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4
ⓘAugelite8.BE.05Al2(PO4)(OH)3
ⓘSigismundite8.BF.(Ba◻)(Fe2+◻)Ca(Na2◻)Fe2+13Al(PO4)11(PO3OH)(OH)2
ⓘSamuelsonite8.BF.10(Ca,Ba)Ca8Fe2+2Mn2+2Al2(PO4)10(OH)2
ⓘGriphite8.BF.15Na4Li2Ca6(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)19Al8(PO4)24(F,OH)8
ⓘIsokite (TL)8.BH.10CaMg(PO4)F
ⓘLacroixite8.BH.10NaAl(PO4)F
ⓘBjarebyite8.BH.20(Ba,Sr)(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2Al2(PO4)3(OH)3
ⓘBertossaite (TL)8.BH.25Li2CaAl4(PO4)4(OH)4
ⓘAttakolite8.BH.60CaMn2+Al4(SiO3OH)(PO4)3(OH)4
ⓘBrazilianite8.BK.05NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4
ⓘSvanbergite8.BL.05SrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
ⓘEylettersite (TL)8.BL.10Th0.75Al3(PO4)2(OH)6
ⓘCrandallite8.BL.10CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
ⓘGoyazite8.BL.10SrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
ⓘBenauite8.BL.10SrFe3+3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
ⓘWaylandite8.BL.13BiAl3(PO4)2(OH)6
ⓘFlorencite-(Nd)8.BL.13NdAl3(PO4)2(OH)6
ⓘFluorapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3F
ⓘPyromorphite8.BN.05Pb5(PO4)3Cl
ⓘFluorapatite
var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite		8.BN.05(Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH)
ⓘHydroxylapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3(OH)
ⓘFluorapatite
var. Carbonate-rich Fluorapatite		8.BN.05Ca5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
ⓘFluorstrophite8.BN.05SrCaSr3(PO4)3F
ⓘHydroxylapatite
var. Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite		8.BN.05Ca5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
ⓘChlorapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3Cl
ⓘSerrabrancaite8.CB.05MnPO4 · H2O
ⓘHureaulite8.CB.10Mn2+5(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O
ⓘLandesite8.CC.05Mn2+3-xFe3+x(PO4)2(OH)x · (3-x)H2O
ⓘPhosphosiderite8.CD.05FePO4 · 2H2O
ⓘStrengite8.CD.10FePO4 · 2H2O
ⓘScorodite8.CD.10Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
ⓘVariscite8.CD.10AlPO4 · 2H2O
ⓘNewberyite8.CE.10Mg(PO3OH) · 3H2O
ⓘBobierrite8.CE.35Mg3(PO4)2 · 8H2O
ⓘVivianite8.CE.40Fe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2 · 8H2O
ⓘAnnabergite8.CE.40Ni3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
ⓘAnapaite8.CH.10Ca2Fe2+(PO4)2 · 4H2O
ⓘDittmarite8.CH.20(NH4)Mg(PO4) · H2O
ⓘTaranakite8.CH.25K3Al5(PO3OH)6(PO4)2 · 18H2O
ⓘHannayite8.CH.35(NH4)2Mg3H4(PO4)4 · 8H2O
ⓘStercorite8.CJ.05(NH4)Na(PO3OH) · 4H2O
ⓘRhabdophane-(Ce)8.CJ.45Ce(PO4) · 0.6H2O
ⓘRhabdophane-(La)8.CJ.45La(PO4) · H2O
ⓘRhabdophane-(Nd)8.CJ.45Nd(PO4) · H2O
ⓘGrayite8.CJ.45(Th,Pb,Ca)(PO4) · H2O
ⓘChurchite-(Y)8.CJ.50Y(PO4) · 2H2O
ⓘBrushite8.CJ.50Ca(PO3OH) · 2H2O
ⓘBermanite8.DC.20Mn2+Mn3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
ⓘStewartite8.DC.30Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
ⓘCacoxenite8.DC.40Fe3+24AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O
ⓘGormanite8.DC.45(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
ⓘSouzalite8.DC.45Mg3Al4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
ⓘWavellite8.DC.50Al3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
ⓘTurquoise8.DD.15CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
ⓘPlanerite8.DD.15Al6(PO4)2(PO3OH)2(OH)8 · 4H2O
ⓘAfmite8.DD.15Al3(OH)4(H2O)3(PO4)(PO3OH) · H2O
ⓘ'Coeruleolactite'8.DD.15
ⓘEosphorite8.DD.20Mn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
ⓘChildrenite8.DD.20Fe2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
ⓘKobokoboite (TL)8.DD.25Al6(PO4)4(OH)6 · 11H2O
ⓘEvansite8.DF.10Al3(PO4)(OH)6 · 6H2O
ⓘBolivarite8.DF.10Al2(PO4)(OH)3 · 4-5H2O
ⓘLeucophosphite8.DH.10KFe3+2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O
ⓘKeckite8.DH.15CaMn2+(Fe3+Mn2+)Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)3 · 7H2O
ⓘMitridatite8.DH.30Ca2Fe3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
ⓘGatumbaite (TL)8.DJ.10CaAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 · H2O
ⓘBurangaite (TL)8.DK.15NaFe2+Al5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
ⓘDufrénite8.DK.15Ca0.5Fe2+Fe3+5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
ⓘWardite8.DL.10NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
ⓘMillisite8.DL.10(Na,K)CaAl6(PO4)4(OH)9 · 3H2O
ⓘCyrilovite8.DL.10NaFe3+3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
ⓘJörgkellerite (TL)8.DO.50(Na,◻)3Mn3+3(PO4)2(CO3)(O,OH)2 · 5H2O
ⓘAutunite8.EB.05Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O
ⓘSaléeite8.EB.05Mg(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10H2O
ⓘMeta-autunite8.EB.10Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
ⓘMeta-ankoleite (TL)8.EB.15K2(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
ⓘThreadgoldite (TL)8.EB.20Al(UO2)2(PO4)2(OH) · 8H2O
ⓘRanunculite (TL)8.EB.40HAl(UO2)(PO4)(OH)3 · 4H2O
ⓘTriangulite (TL)8.EB.45Al3(UO2)4(PO4)4(OH)5 · 5H2O
ⓘFurongite8.EB.50Al13(UO2)7(PO4)13(OH)14 · 58H2O
ⓘUpalite (TL)8.EC.05Al(UO2)3(PO4)2O(OH) · 7H2O
ⓘPhuralumite (TL)8.EC.05Al2[(UO2)3(PO4)2O(OH)](OH)3(H2O)9
ⓘPhosphuranylite8.EC.10KCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O
ⓘ'Kivuite'8.EC.10Th(UO2)4(PO3OH)2(OH)8 · 7H2O
ⓘDumontite8.EC.15Pb2(UO2)3O2(PO4)2 · 5H2O
ⓘMetavanmeersscheite (TL)8.EC.20U6+(UO2)3(PO4)2(OH)6 · 2H2O
ⓘVanmeersscheite (TL)8.EC.20U6+(UO2)3(PO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O
ⓘAlthupite (TL)8.EC.25AlTh(UO2)7(PO4)4(OH)5O2 · 15H2O
ⓘMundite (TL)8.EC.30Al(UO2)3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5.5H2O
ⓘPhurcalite8.EC.35Ca2(UO2)3(PO4)2O2 · 7H2O
ⓘMoreauite (TL)8.ED.05Al3(UO2)(PO4)3(OH)2 · 13H2O
ⓘKamitugaite (TL)8.ED.15PbAl[(UO2)5(PO4)2.38(AsO4)0.62O2(OH)2] · 11.5H2O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘChrysotile9.00.Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘPhenakite9.AA.05Be2SiO4
ⓘEucryptite9.AA.05LiAlSiO4
ⓘKirschsteinite (TL)9.AC.05CaFe2+(SiO4)
ⓘFayalite9.AC.05Fe2+2(SiO4)
ⓘForsterite9.AC.05Mg2(SiO4)
ⓘvar. Peridot9.AC.05Mg2SiO4
ⓘGlaucochroite9.AC.05CaMn2+(SiO4)
ⓘMonticellite9.AC.10CaMg(SiO4)
ⓘBrunogeierite ?9.AC.15Ge4+Fe2+2O4
ⓘLarnite9.AD.05Ca2SiO4
ⓘKerimasite (TL)9.AD.25Ca3Zr2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
ⓘGrossular
var. Tsavorite (TL)		9.AD.25Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘ9.AD.25Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘAndradite9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘvar. Melanite9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘSpessartine9.AD.25Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘAlmandine9.AD.25Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘPyrope9.AD.25Mg3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘUvarovite9.AD.25Ca3Cr3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘSchorlomite9.AD.25Ca3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
ⓘKimzeyite9.AD.25Ca3Zr2(SiO4)(AlO4)2
ⓘMorimotoite9.AD.25Ca3(TiFe2+)(SiO4)3
ⓘZircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
ⓘThorite9.AD.30Th(SiO4)
ⓘZircon
var. Malacon		9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
ⓘvar. Cyrtolite9.AD.30Zr[(SiO4),(OH)4]
ⓘCoffinite9.AD.30U(SiO4) · nH2O
ⓘEuclase9.AE.10BeAl(SiO4)(OH)
ⓘSillimanite9.AF.05Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘAndalusite9.AF.10Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘvar. Chiastolite9.AF.10Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘKyanite9.AF.15Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘMullite9.AF.20Al4+2xSi2-2xO10-x
ⓘYoderite (TL)9.AF.25Mg(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)2O(OH)
ⓘStaurolite9.AF.30Fe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH)
ⓘvar. Lusakite9.AF.30(Fe,Mg,Co)2Al9Si4O23OH
ⓘTopaz9.AF.35Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
ⓘReinhardbraunsite9.AF.45Ca5(SiO4)2(OH,F)2
ⓘChondrodite9.AF.45Mg5(SiO4)2F2
ⓘClinohumite9.AF.55Mg9(SiO4)4F2
ⓘChloritoid9.AF.85Fe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2
ⓘTitanite9.AG.15CaTi(SiO4)O
ⓘCerite-(CeCa)9.AG.20(Ce7Ca2)◻Mg(SiO4)3(SiO3OH)4(OH)3
ⓘSpurrite9.AH.15Ca5(SiO4)2(CO3)
ⓘBritholite-(Ce)9.AH.25(Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3OH
ⓘHingganite-(Y)9.AJ.20(Y,REE,Ca)2(◻,Fe2+)Be2[SiO4]2(OH)2
ⓘGadolinite-(Y)9.AJ.20Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10
ⓘKasolite9.AK.15Pb(UO2)(SiO4) · H2O
ⓘUranophane9.AK.15Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
ⓘBoltwoodite9.AK.15(K,Na)(UO2)(SiO3OH) · 1.5H2O
ⓘAlumoåkermanite (TL)9.BB.10(CaNa)Al[Si2O7]
ⓘGehlenite9.BB.10Ca2Al[AlSiO7]
ⓘÅkermanite9.BB.10Ca2Mg[Si2O7]
ⓘBarylite9.BB.15Be2Ba(Si2O7)
ⓘAndrémeyerite (TL)9.BB.20BaFe2+2(Si2O7)
ⓘThortveitite9.BC.05Sc2Si2O7
ⓘBertrandite9.BD.05Be4(Si2O7)(OH)2
ⓘAxinite-(Mg) (TL)9.BD.20Ca2MgAl2BSi4O15OH
ⓘAxinite-(Mn)9.BD.20Ca2Mn2+Al2BSi4O15(OH)
ⓘFresnoite9.BE.15Ba2Ti(Si2O7)O
ⓘCuspidine9.BE.17Ca8(Si2O7)2F4
ⓘNiocalite9.BE.17(Ca,Nb)4(Si2O7)(O,OH,F)2
ⓘLåvenite9.BE.17Na2Ca2Mn2Zr2(Si2O7)2O2F2
ⓘWöhlerite9.BE.17Na2Ca4ZrNb(Si2O7)2O3F
ⓘNacareniobsite-(Ce)9.BE.20Na3Ca3(Ce,REE)Nb(Si2O7)2OF3
ⓘGötzenite (TL)9.BE.22NaCa6Ti(Si2O7)2OF3
ⓘRosenbuschite9.BE.22Na6Ca6Zr3Ti(Si2O7)4O2F6
ⓘLamprophyllite9.BE.25(Na,Mn2+)3(Sr,Na)2(Ti,Fe3+)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH,O,F)2
ⓘBarytolamprophyllite9.BE.25(Ba,Na)2(Na,Ti,Fe3+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O(OH,F)
ⓘHejtmanite (TL)9.BE.55Ba2Mn2+4Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F2
ⓘDingdaohengite-(Ce)9.BE.70(Ce,La)4Fe2+(Ti,Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8
ⓘChevkinite-(Ce)9.BE.70Ce4(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)5O8(Si2O7)2
ⓘTilleyite ?9.BE.82Ca5(Si2O7)(CO3)2
ⓘEpidote9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘPiemontite9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘMukhinite9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlV3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘClinozoisite9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘAllanite-(Ce)9.BG.05b(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘZoisite9.BG.10(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘvar. Tanzanite9.BG.10(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘvar. Chrome-Zoisite9.BG.10{Ca2}{Al,Cr3}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
ⓘKornerupine9.BJ.50Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
ⓘBaotite9.CE.15Ba4(Ti,Nb,W)8O16(SiO3)4Cl
ⓘKainosite-(Y)9.CF.10Ca2Y2(SiO3)4(CO3) · H2O
ⓘBeryl9.CJ.05Be3Al2(Si6O18)
ⓘvar. Aquamarine9.CJ.05Be3Al2(Si6O18)
ⓘvar. Emerald9.CJ.05Be3Al2(Si6O18)
ⓘCordierite9.CJ.10Mg2Al4Si5O18
ⓘCombeite (TL)9.CJ.15aNa4.5Ca3.5Si6O17.5(OH)0.5
ⓘOxy-dravite (TL)9.CK.05Na(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
ⓘElbaite9.CK.05Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘSchorl9.CK.05NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘDravite9.CK.05NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘvar. Chromium-bearing Dravite9.CK.05Na((Mg,Cr)3)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘLiddicoatite9.CK.05Ca(Li2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘRossmanite9.CK.05◻(LiAl2)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘFoitite9.CK.05◻(Fe2+2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘMilarite9.CM.05K(◻H2O)Ca2(Be2Al)[Si12O30]
ⓘRoedderite9.CM.05K(◻Na)Mg2Mg3[Si12O30]
ⓘOsumilite-(Mg)9.CM.05K◻2Mg2Al3[Al2Si10O30]
ⓘEudialyte9.CO.10Na15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
ⓘEnstatite9.DA.05Mg2Si2O6
ⓘFerrosilite9.DA.05Fe2+2Si2O6
ⓘEnstatite
var. Bronzite		9.DA.05(Mg,Fe2+)2[SiO3]2
ⓘClinoenstatite9.DA.10MgSiO3
ⓘClinoferrosilite9.DA.10Fe2+2Si2O6
ⓘPigeonite9.DA.10(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘDiopside9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
ⓘHedenbergite9.DA.15CaFe2+Si2O6
ⓘAugite9.DA.15(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘDiopside
var. Chromium-bearing Diopside		9.DA.15Ca(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
ⓘAugite
var. Titanium-bearing Augite		9.DA.15(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
ⓘDiopside
var. Salite		9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
ⓘGrossmanite9.DA.15CaTi3+ AlSiO6
ⓘAugite
var. Fassaite		9.DA.15(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
ⓘvar. Ferroaugite9.DA.15(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘvar. Ferrohedenbergite9.DA.15(Ca,Mg,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Si2O6
ⓘHedenbergite
var. Ferrosalite		9.DA.15CaFe2+Si2O6
ⓘAegirine-augite9.DA.20(NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
ⓘOmphacite9.DA.20(NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(AleFe3+fFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
ⓘAegirine9.DA.25NaFe3+Si2O6
ⓘSpodumene9.DA.30LiAlSi2O6
ⓘvar. Kunzite9.DA.30LiAlSi2O6
ⓘNiobophyllite9.DC.05K2NaFe2+7(NbTi)[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4O
ⓘAstrophyllite9.DC.05K2NaFe2+7Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F
ⓘKupletskite9.DC.05K2NaMn2+7Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F
ⓘAnthophyllite9.DD.05◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘGedrite9.DD.05◻Mg2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
ⓘHolmquistite9.DD.05◻Li2(Mg3Al2)(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘTremolite9.DE.10◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘActinolite9.DE.10◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘMagnesio-hornblende9.DE.10◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
ⓘTremolite
var. Chrome-Tremolite		9.DE.10◻{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘTschermakite ?9.DE.10◻Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
ⓘOxo-magnesio-hastingsite (TL)9.DE.15NaCa2(Mg3(Fe3+2-x,Tix))5(Si6Al2O22)O2
ⓘPargasite9.DE.15NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
ⓘFluoro-pargasite9.DE.15NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22F2
ⓘMagnesio-hastingsite9.DE.15NaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
ⓘHastingsite9.DE.15NaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
ⓘEdenite9.DE.15NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
ⓘKaersutite9.DE.15NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
ⓘFerro-edenite9.DE.15NaCa2Fe2+5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
ⓘPotassic-ferro-ferri-taramite (TL)9.DE.20K(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
ⓘFerro-richterite9.DE.20Na(CaNa)Fe2+5(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘFerro-katophorite9.DE.20Na(CaNa)(Fe2+4Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
ⓘRichterite9.DE.20Na(CaNa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘKatophorite9.DE.20Na(CaNa){Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
ⓘArfvedsonite9.DE.25NaNa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘRiebeckite9.DE.25◻Na2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘFluoro-riebeckite9.DE.25◻Na2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Si8O22)F2
ⓘEckermannite9.DE.25NaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘMagnesio-arfvedsonite9.DE.25NaNa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘPectolite9.DG.05NaCa2Si3O8(OH)
ⓘWollastonite9.DG.05Ca3(Si3O9)
ⓘJennite9.DG.20Ca9(Si3O9)2(OH)8 · 8H2O
ⓘEpididymite9.DG.55Na2Be2Si6O15 · H2O
ⓘEudidymite9.DG.60Na2Be2Si6O15 · H2O
ⓘElpidite9.DG.65Na2ZrSi6O15 · 3H2O
ⓘAenigmatite9.DH.40Na4[Fe2+10Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
ⓘWilkinsonite9.DH.40Na2Fe2+4Fe3+2(Si6O18)O2
ⓘSapphirine9.DH.45Mg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
ⓘCaysichite-(Y)9.DJ.15(Ca,Yb,Er)4Y4(Si8O20)(CO3)6(OH) · 7H2O
ⓘRhodonite9.DK.05CaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
ⓘZektzerite9.DN.05LiNaZrSi6O15
ⓘPrehnite9.DP.20Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
ⓘHydroxyapophyllite-(K)9.EA.15KCa4(Si8O20)(OH,F) · 8H2O
ⓘFluorapophyllite-(K)9.EA.15KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
ⓘMagadiite (TL)9.EA.20Na2Si14O29 · 11H2O
ⓘRhodesite9.EB.05KHCa2Si8O19 · 5H2O
ⓘDelhayelite (TL)9.EB.10(Na,K)10Ca5Al6Si32O80(Cl2,F2,SO4)3 · 18H2O
ⓘUmbrianite9.EB.25K7Na2Ca2[Al3Si10O29]F2Cl2
ⓘTalc9.EC.05Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
ⓘPyrophyllite9.EC.10Al2Si4O10(OH)2
ⓘMuscovite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘvar. Illite9.EC.15K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
ⓘParagonite9.EC.15NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘMuscovite
var. Fuchsite		9.EC.15K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
ⓘvar. Sericite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘMontdorite9.EC.15KFe2+1.5Mn2+0.5Mg0.5Si4O10(F,OH)2
ⓘTainiolite9.EC.15KLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
ⓘPolylithionite9.EC.20KLi2Al(Si4O10)(F,OH)2
ⓘAnnite9.EC.20KFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘPhlogopite9.EC.20KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘSiderophyllite9.EC.20KFe2+2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
ⓘPhlogopite
var. Vanadium-bearing phlogopite		9.EC.20K(Mg,V3+)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘvar. Chromium-bearing Phlogopite9.EC.20K(Mg,Cr)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘTetraferriphlogopite9.EC.20KMg3(Si3Fe3+)O10(OH)2
ⓘPhlogopite
var. Titanium-bearing Phlogopite		9.EC.20KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘMargarite9.EC.30CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
ⓘBityite9.EC.35CaLiAl2(AlBeSi2O10)(OH)2
ⓘMontmorillonite9.EC.40(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
ⓘNontronite9.EC.40Na0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
ⓘSwinefordite9.EC.45Li(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2O
ⓘSaponite9.EC.45Ca0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
ⓘVermiculite9.EC.50Mg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
ⓘClinochlore9.EC.55Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
ⓘvar. Chromium-bearing Clinochlore9.EC.55Mg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
ⓘCookeite9.EC.55(LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8
ⓘKaolinite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘNacrite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘHalloysite9.ED.10Al2Si2O5(OH)4 · n(H2O)
ⓘNépouite9.ED.15Ni3Si2O5(OH)4
ⓘCronstedtite9.ED.15Fe2+2Fe3+((Si,Fe3+)2O5)(OH)4
ⓘLizardite9.ED.15Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘChrysocolla9.ED.20Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
ⓘAllophane9.ED.20(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
ⓘSepiolite9.EE.25Mg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O
ⓘMakatite (TL)9.EE.45Na2Si4O8(OH)2 · 4H2O
ⓘPetalite9.EF.05LiAl(Si4O10)
ⓘSearlesite9.EF.15Na(H2BSi2O7)
ⓘKanemite9.EF.25HNaSi2O5 · 3H2O
ⓘManganoneptunite ?9.EH.05KNa2Li(Mn2+)2Ti2[Si4O12]2
ⓘTrikalsilite (TL)9.FA.05K2NaAl3(SiO4)3
ⓘNepheline9.FA.05Na3K(Al4Si4O16)
ⓘKalsilite9.FA.05KAlSiO4
ⓘMicrocline
var. Amazonite		9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘ9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘOrthoclase9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘSanidine9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘAlbite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
ⓘvar. Anorthoclase9.FA.35(Na,K)AlSi3O8
ⓘvar. Cleavelandite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
ⓘvar. Oligoclase9.FA.35(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
ⓘAnorthite9.FA.35Ca(Al2Si2O8)
ⓘAlbite
var. Andesine		9.FA.35(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
ⓘAnorthite
var. Bytownite		9.FA.35(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
ⓘvar. Labradorite9.FA.35(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
ⓘDanburite9.FA.65CaB2Si2O8
ⓘCancrinite9.FB.05(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
ⓘVishnevite9.FB.05(Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) · 2H2O
ⓘGenthelvite9.FB.10Be3Zn4(SiO4)3S
ⓘHelvine9.FB.10Be3Mn2+4(SiO4)3S
ⓘSodalite9.FB.10Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
ⓘHaüyne9.FB.10Na3Ca(Si3Al3)O12(SO4)
ⓘDanalite9.FB.10Be3Fe2+4(SiO4)3S
ⓘNosean9.FB.10Na8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4) · H2O
ⓘMarialite9.FB.15Na4Al3Si9O24Cl
ⓘ'Zeolite Group'9.G0.
ⓘNatrolite9.GA.05Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
ⓘScolecite9.GA.05CaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
ⓘMesolite9.GA.05Na2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
ⓘGonnardite9.GA.05(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
ⓘThomsonite-Ca9.GA.10NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
ⓘAnalcime9.GB.05Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
ⓘLeucite9.GB.05K(AlSi2O6)
ⓘPollucite9.GB.05(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
ⓘLaumontite9.GB.10CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
ⓘPhillipsite-Ca9.GC.10Ca3(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O
ⓘHarmotome9.GC.10Ba2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O
ⓘHeulandite-Ca9.GE.05(Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 26H2O
ⓘStilbite-Ca9.GE.10NaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
ⓘKenyaite (TL)9.HA.10Na2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O
Group 10 - Organic Compounds
ⓘWeddellite10.AB.40Ca(C2O4) · (2.5-x)H2O
ⓘWhewellite10.AB.45Ca(C2O4) · H2O
Unclassified
ⓘ'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
ⓘ'K Feldspar'-
ⓘ'Xenotime'-
ⓘ'Tourmaline'-AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
ⓘ'Columbite-Tantalite'-
ⓘ'White mica'-
ⓘ'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
ⓘ'Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series'-
ⓘ'Phillipsite Subgroup'-(Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
ⓘ'Erionite Subgroup'-M2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
ⓘ'Clinoptilolite Subgroup'-(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
ⓘ'Chabazite'-
ⓘ'Chlorite Group'-
ⓘ'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3A
ⓘ'Manganese Oxides
var. Manganese Dendrites'		-
ⓘ''-
ⓘ'Alkali Feldspar'-
ⓘ'Amphibole Supergroup'-AB2C5(T8O22)W2
ⓘ'Chevkinite Group'-
ⓘ'Limonite'-
ⓘ'Feldspar Group
var. Perthite'		-
ⓘ'Pyroxene Group'-ADSi2O6
ⓘ'Sodic amphibole'-
ⓘ'Feldspar Group'-
ⓘ'Natromontebrasite'-
ⓘ'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series'-
ⓘ'Gummite'-
ⓘ'Hornblende Root Name Group'-◻Ca2(C2+4C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
ⓘ'Lepidolite'-
ⓘ'Monazite Group'-REE(PO4)
ⓘ'Apophyllite Group'-AB4[Si8O20]X · 8H2O
ⓘ'Zinnwaldite'-
ⓘ'Wad'-
ⓘ'Lazulite-Scorzalite Series'-
ⓘ'Arrojadite Group'-A2E2CaNa2+xM13R(PO3OH)1-x(PO4)11W2
ⓘ'UM1982-08-PO:FeHMn'-FeMnPO5 · 2H2O
ⓘ'Pinite'-
ⓘ'Staringite'-(Fe,Mn)x(Ta,Nb)2xSn6-3xO12
ⓘ'Garnet Group'-X3Z2(SiO4)3
ⓘ'Rhabdophane'-
ⓘ'Synchysite'-Ca(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
ⓘ'Smectite Group'-A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
ⓘ'Högbomite Group'-
ⓘ'Piemontite-Epidote Series'-
ⓘ'Aloisiite'-Na2(Ca,Fe,Mg)5Si2O10 · 2H2O
ⓘ'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'-
ⓘ'Melilite Group'-Ca2M(XSiO7)
ⓘ'Muscovite-2M2'-KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ'Uranium Mica'-
ⓘ'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'-
ⓘ'Ancylite'-
ⓘ'Parisite'-Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
ⓘ'Synchysite Group'-
ⓘ'Mica Group'-
ⓘ'Sodic plagioclase'-
ⓘ'Glass'-
ⓘ'Scapolite'-
ⓘ'Stilbite Subgroup'-M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
ⓘ'Wurtzite-4H'-ZnS
ⓘ'Fluor-buergerite-Dravite Series'-
ⓘ'UM1995-02-CO:BaCaClFKMgNaSr'-(Na2,Ba,Ca,Sr,Mg,K2)(CO3)
ⓘ'Unnamed (K sulfides solid solution)'-KFe3S4 - K2Fe3S4 - KFe2S3
ⓘ'UM1997-44-S:FeK'-K1-2Fe2-3S3-4
ⓘ'UM2006-01-COPO:FNa'-(Na,◻)5(PO4)(CO3,F,Cl)
ⓘ'Bastnäsite'-(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
ⓘ'Ilmenite-Pyrophanite Series'-
ⓘ'Tapiolite'-(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
ⓘ'Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)'-(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
ⓘ'Psilomelane'-
ⓘ'Tourmaline
var. Verdelite'		-AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
ⓘ'Florencite'-
ⓘ'Pyrochlore Supergroup
var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)'		-(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
ⓘ''-A2-mD2X6-wZ1-n
ⓘ'Rhombohedral Carbonate'-(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
ⓘ'Betafite Group'-A2(Ti,Nb)2O6Z
ⓘ'Fluocerite'-
ⓘ'Rhabdophane Group'-(REE,Ca,Th)(PO4) · H2O
ⓘ'Alkali pyroxene'-
ⓘ'Britholite Group'-(REE,Ca)5[(Si,P)O4]3X
ⓘ'Alkali amphibole'-
ⓘ'Almandine-Pyrope Series
var. Rhodolite'		-Mg3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘ'Olivine Group'-M2SiO4
ⓘ'Tantalite'-(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
ⓘ'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'-
ⓘ'K Feldspar
var. Adularia'		-KAlSi3O8
ⓘ'Amblygonite-Montebrasite Series'-
ⓘ'Allanite Group'-(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘ'Cerite'-
ⓘ'Chrome-Spinel (of Dana)'-
ⓘ'Biotite
var. Titanium-bearing Biotite'		-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
ⓘ'Pyrobitumen'-
ⓘ'Almandine-Pyrope Series'-
ⓘ'Heulandite Subgroup'-(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
ⓘ'Serpentine Subgroup'-D3[Si2O5](OH)4
ⓘ'Gmelinite Subgroup'-
ⓘ'Leucoxene'-
ⓘ'Iddingsite'-
ⓘ'Sodium Amphibole Subgroup'-A0-1Na2(C2+2-4C3+1-2Li0-1)Σ5(Si8-mAlmO22)(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ'Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup'-An(NaCa)(C2+5-mC3+m)(Si8-(n+m+1)Al(n+m-1)O22)V2
ⓘ'Chrysoprase'-
ⓘ'Unnamed (Co2+-dominant analogue of ferrohögbomite-2N2S)'-[(Co2+,Fe2+,Mg,Al)3(Al,Fe3+,Ti)8O15(OH)]2
ⓘ'Andradite-Schorlomite Series'-
ⓘ'Amber'-
ⓘ'Mica Group
var. Lepidomelane'		-
ⓘ'Plumbopyrochlore (of Atencio et al.)'-
ⓘ'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup
var. Hornblende'		-AnCa2(Z2+5-mZ3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ''-AnCa2(C2+5-mC3+m)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))W2
ⓘ'Garnet Group
var. Titanium-bearing Garnet'		-X3Z2(SiO4)3
ⓘ'Clay minerals'-
ⓘ'Nickel-iron'-
ⓘ'Silica'-
ⓘ'Meteoritic Iron'-
ⓘ'Hypersthene'-(Mg,Fe)SiO3
ⓘ'Plessite'-
ⓘ'UM1972-05-BiO:AlCaP'-Bi-Ca-Al-P-O
ⓘ'UM1975-16-SO:HKZn'-K2Zn(SO4)2 · 2H2O
ⓘ'UM1983-18-SiO:AlFeHMg'-~(Mg,Fe)Al4Si4O12(OH)8
ⓘ'Tennantite-Tetrahedrite Series'-
ⓘ'Natropyrochlore'-
ⓘ'Feldspathoid'-
ⓘ'Phyllosilicate'-
ⓘ'Amphibole Supergroup
var. Uralite'		-AX2Z5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
ⓘ'Tourmaline
var. Chrome-Tourmaline'		-AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
ⓘ'Soapstone'-
ⓘ'Columbite Group'-
ⓘ'Ferritchromit'-
ⓘ'Barkevikite'-
ⓘ'Soda'-
ⓘ'Fergusonite'-
ⓘ'Asbestos'-
ⓘ'Saussurite'-
ⓘ'Ferrierite Subgroup'-
ⓘ'Calcioancylite'-
ⓘ'Microperthite'-
ⓘ'Copper Stain'-
ⓘ'Albite-Anorthite Series
var. High Plagioclase'		-
ⓘ'Glimmerite'-

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ Yttrotungstite-(Nd)NdW2O7(OH) · H2O
Hⓘ KenyaiteNa2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O
Hⓘ MagadiiteNa2Si14O29 · 11H2O
Hⓘ MakatiteNa2Si4O8(OH)2 · 4H2O
Hⓘ BertossaiteLi2CaAl4(PO4)4(OH)4
Hⓘ BurangaiteNaFe2+Al5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Hⓘ GatumbaiteCaAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 · H2O
Hⓘ YoderiteMg(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)2O(OH)
Hⓘ Magnesiohögbomite-2N3S[(Mg,Fe2+,Zn)4(Al,Ti,Fe3+)10O19(OH)]2
Hⓘ VarlamoffiteSn1-xFexO2-x(OH)
Hⓘ AlthupiteAlTh(UO2)7(PO4)4(OH)5O2 · 15H2O
Hⓘ KamitugaitePbAl[(UO2)5(PO4)2.38(AsO4)0.62O2(OH)2] · 11.5H2O
Hⓘ RanunculiteHAl(UO2)(PO4)(OH)3 · 4H2O
Hⓘ UpaliteAl(UO2)3(PO4)2O(OH) · 7H2O
Hⓘ EylettersiteTh0.75Al3(PO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ MoreauiteAl3(UO2)(PO4)3(OH)2 · 13H2O
Hⓘ MunditeAl(UO2)3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5.5H2O
Hⓘ ThreadgolditeAl(UO2)2(PO4)2(OH) · 8H2O
Hⓘ TrianguliteAl3(UO2)4(PO4)4(OH)5 · 5H2O
Hⓘ MetavanmeersscheiteU6+(UO2)3(PO4)2(OH)6 · 2H2O
Hⓘ PhuralumiteAl2[(UO2)3(PO4)2O(OH)](OH)3(H2O)9
Hⓘ VanmeersscheiteU6+(UO2)3(PO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O
Hⓘ KobokoboiteAl6(PO4)4(OH)6 · 11H2O
Hⓘ Delhayelite(Na,K)10Ca5Al6Si32O80(Cl2,F2,SO4)3 · 18H2O
Hⓘ CombeiteNa4.5Ca3.5Si6O17.5(OH)0.5
Hⓘ Rankamaite(Na,K)3(Ta,Nb,Al)11(O,OH)31
Hⓘ Hydropyrochlore(H2O,◻)2Nb2(O,OH)6(H2O)
Hⓘ AnthoiniteAlWO3(OH)3
Hⓘ Axinite-(Mg)Ca2MgAl2BSi4O15OH
Hⓘ Meta-ankoleiteK2(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Hⓘ Jörgkellerite(Na,◻)3Mn33+(PO4)2(CO3)(O,OH)2 · 5H2O
Hⓘ Yttrotungstite-(Ce)CeW2O6(OH)3
Hⓘ HejtmaniteBa2Mn42+Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F2
Hⓘ MeymaciteWO3 · 2H2O
Hⓘ EugsteriteNa4Ca(SO4)3 · 2H2O
Hⓘ MpororoiteWAlO3(OH)3 · 2(H2O)
Hⓘ Magnesiohögbomite-6N6S[(Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Ti,Fe3+)8O15(OH)]6
Hⓘ Oxy-draviteNa(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
Hⓘ Hydroxykenoelsmoreite(◻,Pb)2(W,Fe3+,Al)2(O,OH)6(OH)
Hⓘ Potassic-ferro-ferri-taramiteK(CaNa)(Fe32+Fe23+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ EudidymiteNa2Be2Si6O15 · H2O
Hⓘ Caysichite-(Y)(Ca,Yb,Er)4Y4(Si8O20)(CO3)6(OH) · 7H2O
Hⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Hⓘ Zoisite var. Tanzanite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hⓘ ArfvedsoniteNaNa2(Fe42+Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2
Hⓘ TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Hⓘ Riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)Si8O22(OH)2
Hⓘ TungstiteWO3 · H2O
Hⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Hydrokenoelsmoreite◻2W2O6(H2O)
Hⓘ Hydrokenoelsmoreite var. Ferritungstite◻2(W,Fe3+)2(O,OH)6(H2O)
Hⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Hⓘ Hydrokenoelsmoreite var. Alumotungstite◻2W2O6(H2O)
Hⓘ HydrotungstiteWO3 · 2H2O
Hⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Hⓘ NahcoliteNaHCO3
Hⓘ TronaNa3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Hⓘ Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series
Hⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup(Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
Hⓘ Erionite SubgroupM2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
Hⓘ Clinoptilolite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
Hⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Hⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hⓘ EpididymiteNa2Be2Si6O15 · H2O
Hⓘ Hingganite-(Y)(Y,REE,Ca)2(◻,Fe2+)Be2[SiO4]2(OH)2
Hⓘ PolylithioniteKLi2Al(Si4O10)(F,OH)2
Hⓘ Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Hⓘ AnniteKFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ ElpiditeNa2ZrSi6O15 · 3H2O
Hⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Hⓘ NiobophylliteK2NaFe72+(NbTi)[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4O
Hⓘ MilariteK(◻H2O)Ca2(Be2Al)[Si12O30]
Hⓘ Kainosite-(Y)Ca2Y2(SiO3)4(CO3) · H2O
Hⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Hⓘ Rhabdophane-(Ce)Ce(PO4) · 0.6H2O
Hⓘ Rhabdophane-(La)La(PO4) · H2O
Hⓘ AstrophylliteK2NaFe72+Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F
Hⓘ Churchite-(Y)Y(PO4) · 2H2O
Hⓘ Rhabdophane-(Nd)Nd(PO4) · H2O
Hⓘ PhosphosideriteFePO4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ AugeliteAl2(PO4)(OH)3
Hⓘ BarbosaliteFe2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2
Hⓘ BermaniteMn2+Mn23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
Hⓘ LazuliteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2
Hⓘ ScorzaliteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2
Hⓘ CrandalliteCaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Hⓘ TrolleiteAl4(PO4)3(OH)3
Hⓘ BrazilianiteNaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4
Hⓘ StrengiteFePO4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ Samuelsonite(Ca,Ba)Ca8Fe22+Mn22+Al2(PO4)10(OH)2
Hⓘ Bjarebyite(Ba,Sr)(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2Al2(PO4)3(OH)3
Hⓘ SerrabrancaiteMnPO4 · H2O
Hⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Hⓘ AttakoliteCaMn2+Al4(SiO3OH)(PO4)3(OH)4
Hⓘ AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O
Hⓘ CacoxeniteFe243+AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O
Hⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Hⓘ ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Hⓘ EosphoriteMn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
Hⓘ Frondelite(Mn2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe33+(PO4)3(OH)5
Hⓘ HureauliteMn52+(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O
Hⓘ LipscombiteFe2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2
Hⓘ Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite(Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH)
Hⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ ScoroditeFe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ SiderophylliteKFe22+Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ StewartiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
Hⓘ TavoriteLiFe3+(PO4)(OH)
Hⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Hⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Hⓘ VarisciteAlPO4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ VivianiteFe2+Fe22+(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Hⓘ WavelliteAl3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
Hⓘ MitridatiteCa2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Hⓘ Vernadite(Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
Hⓘ ChildreniteFe2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
Hⓘ DufréniteCa0.5Fe2+Fe53+(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Hⓘ GriphiteNa4Li2Ca6(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)19Al8(PO4)24(F,OH)8
Hⓘ LandesiteMn2+3-xFex3+(PO4)2(OH)x · (3-x)H2O
Hⓘ LeucophosphiteKFe23+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O
Hⓘ MontebrasiteLiAl(PO4)(OH)
Hⓘ Rockbridgeite(Fe2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe33+(PO4)3(OH)5
Hⓘ WarditeNaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ Apophyllite GroupAB4[Si8O20]X · 8H2O
Hⓘ OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Hⓘ ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Hⓘ Zinnwaldite
Hⓘ Sigismundite(Ba◻)(Fe2+◻)Ca(Na2◻)Fe132+Al(PO4)11(PO3OH)(OH)2
Hⓘ Lazulite-Scorzalite Series
Hⓘ Arrojadite GroupA2E2CaNa2+xM13R(PO3OH)1-x(PO4)11W2
Hⓘ UM1982-08-PO:FeHMnFeMnPO5 · 2H2O
Hⓘ Gormanite(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Hⓘ SvanbergiteSrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Hⓘ GoyaziteSrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Hⓘ Smectite GroupA0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
Hⓘ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Hⓘ Piemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hⓘ Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Hⓘ Anthophyllite◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ Piemontite-Epidote Series
Hⓘ DawsoniteNaAlCO3(OH)2
Hⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Hⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Hⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Hⓘ GaylussiteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 5H2O
Hⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ NatronNa2CO3 · 10H2O
Hⓘ SearlesiteNa(H2BSi2O7)
Hⓘ VandendriesscheitePbU7O22 · 12H2O
Hⓘ KasolitePb(UO2)(SiO4) · H2O
Hⓘ UranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Hⓘ AloisiiteNa2(Ca,Fe,Mg)5Si2O10 · 2H2O
Hⓘ ReinhardbraunsiteCa5(SiO4)2(OH,F)2
Hⓘ HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
Hⓘ JenniteCa9(Si3O9)2(OH)8 · 8H2O
Hⓘ ThaumasiteCa3(SO4)[Si(OH)6](CO3) · 12H2O
Hⓘ StauroliteFe22+Al9Si4O23(OH)
Hⓘ DumontitePb2(UO2)3O2(PO4)2 · 5H2O
Hⓘ FurongiteAl13(UO2)7(PO4)13(OH)14 · 58H2O
Hⓘ Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Hⓘ PhosphuranyliteKCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O
Hⓘ SaléeiteMg(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10H2O
Hⓘ Studtite[(UO2)(O2)(H2O)2] · H2O
Hⓘ KivuiteTh(UO2)4(PO3OH)2(OH)8 · 7H2O
Hⓘ BenauiteSrFe33+(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Hⓘ KeckiteCaMn2+(Fe3+Mn2+)Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)3 · 7H2O
Hⓘ PlaneriteAl6(PO4)2(PO3OH)2(OH)8 · 4H2O
Hⓘ Muscovite-2M2KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ EvansiteAl3(PO4)(OH)6 · 6H2O
Hⓘ AfmiteAl3(OH)4(H2O)3(PO4)(PO3OH) · H2O
Hⓘ GibbsiteAl(OH)3
Hⓘ Lithiophorite(Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2
Hⓘ Zircon var. CyrtoliteZr[(SiO4),(OH)4]
Hⓘ BolivariteAl2(PO4)(OH)3 · 4-5H2O
Hⓘ SimpsoniteAl4Ta3O13(OH)
Hⓘ NacriteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ Ancylite-(Ce)CeSr(CO3)2(OH) · H2O
Hⓘ Vishnevite(Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) · 2H2O
Hⓘ EckermanniteNaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22(OH)2
Hⓘ Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Hⓘ ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Hⓘ MesoliteNa2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
Hⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Hⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Hⓘ Heulandite-Ca(Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 26H2O
Hⓘ Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
Hⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Hⓘ Mukhinite(CaCa)(AlAlV3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hⓘ GravegliaiteMn2+SO3 · 3H2O
Hⓘ PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Hⓘ Tremolite var. Chrome-Tremolite◻{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ Phlogopite var. Vanadium-bearing phlogopiteK(Mg,V3+)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Dravite var. Chromium-bearing DraviteNa((Mg,Cr)3)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Hⓘ DiasporeAlO(OH)
Hⓘ PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Hⓘ Zoisite var. Chrome-Zoisite{Ca2}{Al,Cr3}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Hⓘ Gedrite◻Mg2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ Fluor-buergerite-Dravite Series
Hⓘ Grayite(Th,Pb,Ca)(PO4) · H2O
Hⓘ Lamprophyllite(Na,Mn2+)3(Sr,Na)2(Ti,Fe3+)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH,O,F)2
Hⓘ Niocalite(Ca,Nb)4(Si2O7)(O,OH,F)2
Hⓘ ThermonatriteNa2CO3 · H2O
Hⓘ MonohydrocalciteCaCO3 · H2O
Hⓘ KaliciniteKHCO3
Hⓘ PirssoniteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Hⓘ Barytolamprophyllite(Ba,Na)2(Na,Ti,Fe3+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O(OH,F)
Hⓘ RhodesiteKHCa2Si8O19 · 5H2O
Hⓘ Melanophlogite46SiO2 · 6(N2,CO2) · 2(CH4,N2)
Hⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Hⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Hⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Hⓘ SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2O
Hⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Holmquistite◻Li2(Mg3Al2)(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Hⓘ Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
Hⓘ WaylanditeBiAl3(PO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)(Sr,Ca,Ba)3(Ce,La)(CO3)3-x(PO4)(OH,F)2x
Hⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
Hⓘ Pyrochlore Group var. Uranpyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Ce)2(Nb,Ti,Ta)2O6(OH,F)
Hⓘ ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hⓘ Cerite-(CeCa)(Ce7Ca2)◻Mg(SiO4)3(SiO3OH)4(OH)3
Hⓘ Rhabdophane Group(REE,Ca,Th)(PO4) · H2O
Hⓘ NépouiteNi3Si2O5(OH)4
Hⓘ ManganiteMn3+O(OH)
Hⓘ Millisite(Na,K)CaAl6(PO4)4(OH)9 · 3H2O
Hⓘ Florencite-(Nd)NdAl3(PO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ Britholite-(Ce)(Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3OH
Hⓘ KupletskiteK2NaMn72+Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F
Hⓘ KanemiteHNaSi2O5 · 3H2O
Hⓘ Opal var. OpalineSiO2 · nH2O
Hⓘ CyriloviteNaFe33+(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ SouzaliteMg3Al4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Hⓘ KieseriteMgSO4 · H2O
Hⓘ Phlogopite var. Chromium-bearing PhlogopiteK(Mg,Cr)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ MontdoriteKFe2+1.5Mn2+0.5Mg0.5Si4O10(F,OH)2
Hⓘ Ferro-richteriteNa(CaNa)Fe52+(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Hⓘ Phillipsite-CaCa3(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O
Hⓘ AnnabergiteNi3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Hⓘ BruciteMg(OH)2
Hⓘ Opal var. Opal-ANSiO2 · nH2O
Hⓘ LiddicoatiteCa(Li2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Hⓘ Rossmanite◻(LiAl2)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Hⓘ TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Si3Fe3+)O10(OH)2
Hⓘ Ferro-katophoriteNa(CaNa)(Fe42+Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ ChloritoidFe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2
Hⓘ Amblygonite-Montebrasite Series
Hⓘ BertranditeBe4(Si2O7)(OH)2
Hⓘ Davidite-(La)La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
Hⓘ Hannayite(NH4)2Mg3H4(PO4)4 · 8H2O
Hⓘ NewberyiteMg(PO3OH) · 3H2O
Hⓘ BrushiteCa(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Hⓘ TaranakiteK3Al5(PO3OH)6(PO4)2 · 18H2O
Hⓘ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Hⓘ Mascagnite(NH4)2SO4
Hⓘ Allanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hⓘ Biotite var. Titanium-bearing BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Hⓘ Allanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Hⓘ Axinite-(Mn)Ca2Mn2+Al2BSi4O15(OH)
Hⓘ AnapaiteCa2Fe2+(PO4)2 · 4H2O
Hⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Hⓘ Gonnardite(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
Hⓘ Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(OH,F) · 8H2O
Hⓘ HarmotomeBa2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O
Hⓘ Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Hⓘ EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
Hⓘ HexahydriteMg(H2O)6(SO4)
Hⓘ MirabiliteNa2SO4 · 10H2O
Hⓘ PolyhaliteK2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ SyngeniteK2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
Hⓘ HalotrichiteFe2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Hⓘ Stercorite(NH4)Na(PO3OH) · 4H2O
Hⓘ NitromagnesiteMg(NO3)2 · 6H2O
Hⓘ BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Hⓘ SalammoniacNH4Cl
Hⓘ Mohrite(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Hⓘ Lonecreekite(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Hⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Hⓘ SepioliteMg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O
Hⓘ Magnesio-arfvedsoniteNaNa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ RichteriteNa(CaNa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
Hⓘ Sodium Amphibole SubgroupA0-1Na2(C2+2-4C3+1-2Li0-1)Σ5(Si8-mAlmO22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Hⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
Hⓘ Opal var. Prase OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Hⓘ Staurolite var. Lusakite(Fe,Mg,Co)2Al9Si4O23OH
Hⓘ MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Unnamed (Co2+-dominant analogue of ferrohögbomite-2N2S)[(Co2+,Fe2+,Mg,Al)3(Al,Fe3+,Ti)8O15(OH)]2
Hⓘ Magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Hⓘ Boltwoodite(K,Na)(UO2)(SiO3OH) · 1.5H2O
Hⓘ CoffiniteU(SiO4) · nH2O
Hⓘ Tanteuxenite-(Y)Y(Ta,Nb,Ti)2(O,OH)6
Hⓘ Opal var. Opal-CTSiO2 · nH2O
Hⓘ Romanèchite(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
Hⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Hⓘ KatophoriteNa(CaNa){Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Hⓘ CronstedtiteFe22+Fe3+((Si,Fe3+)2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ Stilbite-CaNaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
Hⓘ WhitlockiteCa9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)
Hⓘ TochiliniteFe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10
Hⓘ HalloysiteAl2Si2O5(OH)4 · n(H2O)
Hⓘ LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ UM1975-16-SO:HKZnK2Zn(SO4)2 · 2H2O
Hⓘ ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
Hⓘ UM1983-18-SiO:AlFeHMg~(Mg,Fe)Al4Si4O12(OH)8
Hⓘ BityiteCaLiAl2(AlBeSi2O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ BobierriteMg3(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Hⓘ Phlogopite var. Titanium-bearing PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Oxynatropyrochlore(Na,Ca,U)2Nb2O6(O,OH)
Hⓘ EuclaseBeAl(SiO4)(OH)
Hⓘ Amphibole Supergroup var. UraliteAX2Z5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Hⓘ MontaniteBi2(TeO6) · nH2O
Hⓘ PseudomalachiteCu5(PO4)2(OH)4
Hⓘ PhurcaliteCa2(UO2)3(PO4)2O2 · 7H2O
Hⓘ HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Hⓘ EdeniteNaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Hⓘ NoseanNa8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4) · H2O
Hⓘ Ferro-edeniteNaCa2Fe52+(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Hⓘ WhewelliteCa(C2O4) · H2O
Hⓘ Dittmarite(NH4)Mg(PO4) · H2O
Hⓘ WeddelliteCa(C2O4) · (2.5-x)H2O
Hⓘ NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Hⓘ Cookeite(LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8
Hⓘ Foitite◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Hⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Hⓘ Ancylite-(La)LaSr(CO3)2(OH) · H2O
Hⓘ Kozoite-(La)La(CO3)(OH)
Hⓘ Opal var. Opal-ASiO2 · nH2O
Hⓘ Tschermakite◻Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
LiLithium
Liⓘ BertossaiteLi2CaAl4(PO4)4(OH)4
Liⓘ PolylithioniteKLi2Al(Si4O10)(F,OH)2
Liⓘ ZektzeriteLiNaZrSi6O15
Liⓘ LithiophiliteLiMn2+PO4
Liⓘ TriphyliteLiFe2+PO4
Liⓘ AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
Liⓘ ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Liⓘ Triphylite var. FerrisickleriteLi1-x(Fex3+Fe2+1-x)PO4
Liⓘ Lithiophilite var. SickleriteLi1-x(Mnx3+Mn2+1-x)PO4
Liⓘ SpodumeneLiAlSi2O6
Liⓘ TavoriteLiFe3+(PO4)(OH)
Liⓘ GriphiteNa4Li2Ca6(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)19Al8(PO4)24(F,OH)8
Liⓘ MontebrasiteLiAl(PO4)(OH)
Liⓘ Zinnwaldite
Liⓘ Lithiophorite(Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2
Liⓘ LithiowodginiteLiTa3O8
Liⓘ SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2O
Liⓘ Holmquistite◻Li2(Mg3Al2)(Si8O22)(OH)2
Liⓘ Spodumene var. KunziteLiAlSi2O6
Liⓘ LiddicoatiteCa(Li2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Liⓘ Rossmanite◻(LiAl2)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Liⓘ Amblygonite-Montebrasite Series
Liⓘ Sodium Amphibole SubgroupA0-1Na2(C2+2-4C3+1-2Li0-1)Σ5(Si8-mAlmO22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Liⓘ TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
Liⓘ BityiteCaLiAl2(AlBeSi2O10)(OH)2
Liⓘ Cookeite(LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8
Liⓘ EucryptiteLiAlSiO4
Liⓘ PetaliteLiAl(Si4O10)
Liⓘ ManganoneptuniteKNa2Li(Mn2+)2Ti2[Si4O12]2
BeBeryllium
Beⓘ EudidymiteNa2Be2Si6O15 · H2O
Beⓘ EpididymiteNa2Be2Si6O15 · H2O
Beⓘ Hingganite-(Y)(Y,REE,Ca)2(◻,Fe2+)Be2[SiO4]2(OH)2
Beⓘ BaryliteBe2Ba(Si2O7)
Beⓘ MilariteK(◻H2O)Ca2(Be2Al)[Si12O30]
Beⓘ GenthelviteBe3Zn4(SiO4)3S
Beⓘ HelvineBe3Mn42+(SiO4)3S
Beⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10
Beⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Beⓘ Beryl var. EmeraldBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Beⓘ Chrysoberyl var. AlexandriteBeAl2O4
Beⓘ PhenakiteBe2SiO4
Beⓘ ChrysoberylBeAl2O4
Beⓘ DanaliteBe3Fe42+(SiO4)3S
Beⓘ BertranditeBe4(Si2O7)(OH)2
Beⓘ BityiteCaLiAl2(AlBeSi2O10)(OH)2
Beⓘ EuclaseBeAl(SiO4)(OH)
BBoron
Bⓘ Axinite-(Mg)Ca2MgAl2BSi4O15OH
Bⓘ Oxy-draviteNa(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
Bⓘ TourmalineAD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Bⓘ Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series
Bⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Bⓘ ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Bⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Bⓘ SearlesiteNa(H2BSi2O7)
Bⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Bⓘ Dravite var. Chromium-bearing DraviteNa((Mg,Cr)3)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Bⓘ Fluor-buergerite-Dravite Series
Bⓘ Tourmaline var. Verdelite
Bⓘ LiddicoatiteCa(Li2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Bⓘ Rossmanite◻(LiAl2)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Bⓘ Axinite-(Mn)Ca2Mn2+Al2BSi4O15(OH)
Bⓘ DanburiteCaB2Si2O8
Bⓘ Tourmaline var. Chrome-TourmalineAD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Bⓘ Foitite◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
CCarbon
Cⓘ Rutherfordine(UO2)CO3
Cⓘ Gregoryite(Na2,K2,Ca)CO3
Cⓘ NyerereiteNa2Ca(CO3)2
Cⓘ Jörgkellerite(Na,◻)3Mn33+(PO4)2(CO3)(O,OH)2 · 5H2O
Cⓘ Parisite-(Ce)CaCe2(CO3)3F2
Cⓘ Caysichite-(Y)(Ca,Yb,Er)4Y4(Si8O20)(CO3)6(OH) · 7H2O
Cⓘ NorthupiteNa3Mg(CO3)2Cl
Cⓘ GraphiteC
Cⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Cⓘ NahcoliteNaHCO3
Cⓘ TronaNa3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Cⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce)Ce(CO3)F
Cⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Cⓘ Kainosite-(Y)Ca2Y2(SiO3)4(CO3) · H2O
Cⓘ Synchysite-(Ce)CaCe(CO3)2F
Cⓘ Cordylite-(Ce)NaBaCe2(CO3)4F
Cⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Cⓘ CerussitePbCO3
Cⓘ Bismutite(BiO)2CO3
Cⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Cⓘ DawsoniteNaAlCO3(OH)2
Cⓘ GaylussiteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 5H2O
Cⓘ NatronNa2CO3 · 10H2O
Cⓘ SpurriteCa5(SiO4)2(CO3)
Cⓘ ThaumasiteCa3(SO4)[Si(OH)6](CO3) · 12H2O
Cⓘ ParisiteCa(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
Cⓘ StrontianiteSrCO3
Cⓘ Ancylite-(Ce)CeSr(CO3)2(OH) · H2O
Cⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
Cⓘ Vishnevite(Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) · 2H2O
Cⓘ MagnesiteMgCO3
Cⓘ ThermonatriteNa2CO3 · H2O
Cⓘ MonohydrocalciteCaCO3 · H2O
Cⓘ KaliciniteKHCO3
Cⓘ PirssoniteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Cⓘ ShortiteNa2Ca2(CO3)3
Cⓘ WitheriteBaCO3
Cⓘ UM1995-02-CO:BaCaClFKMgNaSr(Na2,Ba,Ca,Sr,Mg,K2)(CO3)
Cⓘ UM2006-01-COPO:FNa(Na,◻)5(PO4)(CO3,F,Cl)
Cⓘ Melanophlogite46SiO2 · 6(N2,CO2) · 2(CH4,N2)
Cⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich FluorapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
Cⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Cⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Cⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Cⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)(Sr,Ca,Ba)3(Ce,La)(CO3)3-x(PO4)(OH,F)2x
Cⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
Cⓘ Burbankite(Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5
Cⓘ TychiteNa6Mg2(CO3)4(SO4)
Cⓘ BurkeiteNa6(CO3)(SO4)2
Cⓘ HanksiteNa22K(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl
Cⓘ Magnesite var. Iron-bearing Magnesite(Mg,Fe)CO3
Cⓘ Synchysite-(Y)CaY(CO3)2F
Cⓘ RhodochrositeMnCO3
Cⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
Cⓘ GaspéiteNiCO3
Cⓘ Magnesite var. Breunnerite(Mg,Fe)CO3
Cⓘ DiamondC
Cⓘ SmithsoniteZnCO3
Cⓘ Calcite var. Mg-rich Calcite(Ca,Mg)CO3
Cⓘ WhewelliteCa(C2O4) · H2O
Cⓘ WeddelliteCa(C2O4) · (2.5-x)H2O
Cⓘ Ancylite-(La)LaSr(CO3)2(OH) · H2O
Cⓘ Kozoite-(La)La(CO3)(OH)
Cⓘ Calcite var. Iron-bearing Calcite(Ca,Fe)CO3
Cⓘ TilleyiteCa5(Si2O7)(CO3)2
Cⓘ MoissaniteSiC
NNitrogen
Nⓘ Melanophlogite46SiO2 · 6(N2,CO2) · 2(CH4,N2)
Nⓘ NitratineNaNO3
Nⓘ Hannayite(NH4)2Mg3H4(PO4)4 · 8H2O
Nⓘ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Nⓘ Mascagnite(NH4)2SO4
Nⓘ Stercorite(NH4)Na(PO3OH) · 4H2O
Nⓘ NitromagnesiteMg(NO3)2 · 6H2O
Nⓘ SalammoniacNH4Cl
Nⓘ Mohrite(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Nⓘ Lonecreekite(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Nⓘ SinoiteSi2N2O
Nⓘ Dittmarite(NH4)Mg(PO4) · H2O
Nⓘ OsborniteTiN
OOxygen
Oⓘ Ferrorosemaryite◻NaFe2+Fe3+Al(PO4)3
Oⓘ Yttrotungstite-(Nd)NdW2O7(OH) · H2O
Oⓘ KenyaiteNa2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O
Oⓘ MagadiiteNa2Si14O29 · 11H2O
Oⓘ MakatiteNa2Si4O8(OH)2 · 4H2O
Oⓘ BerdesinskiiteV23+TiO5
Oⓘ SchreyeriteV23+Ti34+O9
Oⓘ BertossaiteLi2CaAl4(PO4)4(OH)4
Oⓘ BurangaiteNaFe2+Al5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Oⓘ GatumbaiteCaAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 · H2O
Oⓘ FoorditeSn2+Nb2O6
Oⓘ YoderiteMg(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)2O(OH)
Oⓘ Magnesiohögbomite-2N3S[(Mg,Fe2+,Zn)4(Al,Ti,Fe3+)10O19(OH)]2
Oⓘ Rutherfordine(UO2)CO3
Oⓘ VarlamoffiteSn1-xFexO2-x(OH)
Oⓘ AlthupiteAlTh(UO2)7(PO4)4(OH)5O2 · 15H2O
Oⓘ KamitugaitePbAl[(UO2)5(PO4)2.38(AsO4)0.62O2(OH)2] · 11.5H2O
Oⓘ RanunculiteHAl(UO2)(PO4)(OH)3 · 4H2O
Oⓘ UpaliteAl(UO2)3(PO4)2O(OH) · 7H2O
Oⓘ EylettersiteTh0.75Al3(PO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ MoreauiteAl3(UO2)(PO4)3(OH)2 · 13H2O
Oⓘ MunditeAl(UO2)3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5.5H2O
Oⓘ ThreadgolditeAl(UO2)2(PO4)2(OH) · 8H2O
Oⓘ TrianguliteAl3(UO2)4(PO4)4(OH)5 · 5H2O
Oⓘ MetavanmeersscheiteU6+(UO2)3(PO4)2(OH)6 · 2H2O
Oⓘ PhuralumiteAl2[(UO2)3(PO4)2O(OH)](OH)3(H2O)9
Oⓘ VanmeersscheiteU6+(UO2)3(PO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O
Oⓘ KobokoboiteAl6(PO4)4(OH)6 · 11H2O
Oⓘ Delhayelite(Na,K)10Ca5Al6Si32O80(Cl2,F2,SO4)3 · 18H2O
Oⓘ CombeiteNa4.5Ca3.5Si6O17.5(OH)0.5
Oⓘ GötzeniteNaCa6Ti(Si2O7)2OF3
Oⓘ KirschsteiniteCaFe2+(SiO4)
Oⓘ Rankamaite(Na,K)3(Ta,Nb,Al)11(O,OH)31
Oⓘ LueshiteNaNbO3
Oⓘ Hydropyrochlore(H2O,◻)2Nb2(O,OH)6(H2O)
Oⓘ AnthoiniteAlWO3(OH)3
Oⓘ AndrémeyeriteBaFe22+(Si2O7)
Oⓘ Axinite-(Mg)Ca2MgAl2BSi4O15OH
Oⓘ Meta-ankoleiteK2(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Oⓘ Gregoryite(Na2,K2,Ca)CO3
Oⓘ NyerereiteNa2Ca(CO3)2
Oⓘ Alumoåkermanite(CaNa)Al[Si2O7]
Oⓘ Jörgkellerite(Na,◻)3Mn33+(PO4)2(CO3)(O,OH)2 · 5H2O
Oⓘ Yttrotungstite-(Ce)CeW2O6(OH)3
Oⓘ HejtmaniteBa2Mn42+Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F2
Oⓘ MeymaciteWO3 · 2H2O
Oⓘ IsokiteCaMg(PO4)F
Oⓘ EugsteriteNa4Ca(SO4)3 · 2H2O
Oⓘ MpororoiteWAlO3(OH)3 · 2(H2O)
Oⓘ TrikalsiliteK2NaAl3(SiO4)3
Oⓘ Magnesiohögbomite-6N6S[(Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Ti,Fe3+)8O15(OH)]6
Oⓘ KerimasiteCa3Zr2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Oⓘ Oxo-magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg3(Fe3+2-x,Tix))5(Si6Al2O22)O2
Oⓘ Oxy-draviteNa(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
Oⓘ Grossular var. TsavoriteCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ Hydroxykenoelsmoreite(◻,Pb)2(W,Fe3+,Al)2(O,OH)6(OH)
Oⓘ Potassic-ferro-ferri-taramiteK(CaNa)(Fe32+Fe23+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Oⓘ EudidymiteNa2Be2Si6O15 · H2O
Oⓘ Parisite-(Ce)CaCe2(CO3)3F2
Oⓘ Caysichite-(Y)(Ca,Yb,Er)4Y4(Si8O20)(CO3)6(OH) · 7H2O
Oⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Oⓘ Microcline var. AmazoniteK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ NorthupiteNa3Mg(CO3)2Cl
Oⓘ Dingdaohengite-(Ce)(Ce,La)4Fe2+(Ti,Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8
Oⓘ Zoisite var. Tanzanite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Oⓘ Quartz var. AmethystSiO2
Oⓘ ArfvedsoniteNaNa2(Fe42+Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2
Oⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Oⓘ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Oⓘ Corundum var. RubyAl2O3
Oⓘ CorundumAl2O3
Oⓘ MagnesiochromiteMgCr2O4
Oⓘ TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Oⓘ Riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)Si8O22(OH)2
Oⓘ FerberiteFeWO4
Oⓘ TungstiteWO3 · H2O
Oⓘ QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Hydrokenoelsmoreite◻2W2O6(H2O)
Oⓘ Hydrokenoelsmoreite var. Ferritungstite◻2(W,Fe3+)2(O,OH)6(H2O)
Oⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Oⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Oⓘ RutileTiO2
Oⓘ Hydrokenoelsmoreite var. Alumotungstite◻2W2O6(H2O)
Oⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Oⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Oⓘ RaspitePb(WO4)
Oⓘ ScheeliteCa(WO4)
Oⓘ TourmalineAD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Oⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ CassiteriteSnO2
Oⓘ HydrotungstiteWO3 · 2H2O
Oⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Oⓘ Ferberite var. ReiniteFeWO4
Oⓘ NahcoliteNaHCO3
Oⓘ UhligiteCa3(Ti,Al,Zr)9O20 ?
Oⓘ TronaNa3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Oⓘ Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series
Oⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup(Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
Oⓘ Erionite SubgroupM2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
Oⓘ Clinoptilolite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
Oⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Oⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Oⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce)Ce(CO3)F
Oⓘ EpididymiteNa2Be2Si6O15 · H2O
Oⓘ Fergusonite-(Y)YNbO4
Oⓘ Hingganite-(Y)(Y,REE,Ca)2(◻,Fe2+)Be2[SiO4]2(OH)2
Oⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Oⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ PolylithioniteKLi2Al(Si4O10)(F,OH)2
Oⓘ Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Oⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Oⓘ AnniteKFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Oⓘ ElpiditeNa2ZrSi6O15 · 3H2O
Oⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Oⓘ Monazite-(Ce)Ce(PO4)
Oⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Oⓘ ThoriteTh(SiO4)
Oⓘ Xenotime-(Y)Y(PO4)
Oⓘ Quartz var. Smoky QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ BaryliteBe2Ba(Si2O7)
Oⓘ NiobophylliteK2NaFe72+(NbTi)[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4O
Oⓘ MilariteK(◻H2O)Ca2(Be2Al)[Si12O30]
Oⓘ PyrophaniteMn2+TiO3
Oⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile(Ti,Nb)O2
Oⓘ Kainosite-(Y)Ca2Y2(SiO3)4(CO3) · H2O
Oⓘ GenthelviteBe3Zn4(SiO4)3S
Oⓘ HelvineBe3Mn42+(SiO4)3S
Oⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Oⓘ Rhabdophane-(Ce)Ce(PO4) · 0.6H2O
Oⓘ Rhabdophane-(La)La(PO4) · H2O
Oⓘ Cerianite-(Ce)(Ce4+,Th)O2
Oⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10
Oⓘ Synchysite-(Ce)CaCe(CO3)2F
Oⓘ AstrophylliteK2NaFe72+Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F
Oⓘ Cordylite-(Ce)NaBaCe2(CO3)4F
Oⓘ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
Oⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Oⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3A
Oⓘ Churchite-(Y)Y(PO4) · 2H2O
Oⓘ WulfenitePb(MoO4)
Oⓘ ZektzeriteLiNaZrSi6O15
Oⓘ Quartz var. Blue QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ Fluoro-riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)(Si8O22)F2
Oⓘ Rhabdophane-(Nd)Nd(PO4) · H2O
Oⓘ Monazite-(La)La(PO4)
Oⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Oⓘ AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Oⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5(T8O22)W2
Oⓘ FayaliteFe22+(SiO4)
Oⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Oⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Oⓘ PhosphosideriteFePO4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ Alluaudite(Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3
Oⓘ AugeliteAl2(PO4)(OH)3
Oⓘ LithiophiliteLiMn2+PO4
Oⓘ FillowiteNa3CaMn112+(PO4)9
Oⓘ TriphyliteLiFe2+PO4
Oⓘ Rosemaryite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe2+)(Fe3+,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Oⓘ Wyllieite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Oⓘ BarbosaliteFe2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2
Oⓘ BerliniteAlPO4
Oⓘ BermaniteMn2+Mn23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
Oⓘ AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
Oⓘ LazuliteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2
Oⓘ ScorzaliteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2
Oⓘ CrandalliteCaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Oⓘ TrolleiteAl4(PO4)3(OH)3
Oⓘ BrazilianiteNaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4
Oⓘ StrengiteFePO4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ LacroixiteNaAl(PO4)F
Oⓘ Samuelsonite(Ca,Ba)Ca8Fe22+Mn22+Al2(PO4)10(OH)2
Oⓘ Bjarebyite(Ba,Sr)(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2Al2(PO4)3(OH)3
Oⓘ PurpuriteMn3+(PO4)
Oⓘ SerrabrancaiteMnPO4 · H2O
Oⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Oⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Oⓘ AttakoliteCaMn2+Al4(SiO3OH)(PO4)3(OH)4
Oⓘ AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O
Oⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Oⓘ CacoxeniteFe243+AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O
Oⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Oⓘ CerussitePbCO3
Oⓘ Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
Oⓘ ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Oⓘ EosphoriteMn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
Oⓘ Triphylite var. FerrisickleriteLi1-x(Fex3+Fe2+1-x)PO4
Oⓘ Frondelite(Mn2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe33+(PO4)3(OH)5
Oⓘ HeterositeFe3+(PO4)
Oⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
Oⓘ HureauliteMn52+(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O
Oⓘ LipscombiteFe2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2
Oⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite(Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH)
Oⓘ Tantalite-(Mn)Mn2+Ta2O6
Oⓘ Monazite GroupREE(PO4)
Oⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ RhodoniteCaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Oⓘ ScoroditeFe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ Lithiophilite var. SickleriteLi1-x(Mnx3+Mn2+1-x)PO4
Oⓘ SiderophylliteKFe22+Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ SpodumeneLiAlSi2O6
Oⓘ StewartiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
Oⓘ Tantalite-(Fe)Fe2+Ta2O6
Oⓘ TavoriteLiFe3+(PO4)(OH)
Oⓘ ThoreauliteSn2+Ta2O6
Oⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Oⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Oⓘ TripliteMn22+(PO4)F
Oⓘ VarisciteAlPO4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ VaruliteNaCaMn2+Mn22+(PO4)3
Oⓘ VivianiteFe2+Fe22+(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Oⓘ WavelliteAl3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
Oⓘ GraftoniteFe2+Fe22+(PO4)2
Oⓘ MitridatiteCa2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Oⓘ Alluaudite-Na[]◻4Na4Mn42+Fe83+(PO4)12
Oⓘ Vernadite(Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
Oⓘ Stanĕkite(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Fe3+(PO4)O
Oⓘ CryptomelaneK(Mn74+Mn3+)O16
Oⓘ Bismutite(BiO)2CO3
Oⓘ ChildreniteFe2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
Oⓘ DufréniteCa0.5Fe2+Fe53+(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Oⓘ GriphiteNa4Li2Ca6(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)19Al8(PO4)24(F,OH)8
Oⓘ LandesiteMn2+3-xFex3+(PO4)2(OH)x · (3-x)H2O
Oⓘ LeucophosphiteKFe23+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O
Oⓘ MontebrasiteLiAl(PO4)(OH)
Oⓘ Rockbridgeite(Fe2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe33+(PO4)3(OH)5
Oⓘ WarditeNaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ Apophyllite GroupAB4[Si8O20]X · 8H2O
Oⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Oⓘ OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Oⓘ ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Oⓘ Zinnwaldite
Oⓘ Hematite var. MartiteFe2O3
Oⓘ Quartz var. Rose QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ Quartz var. ChalcedonySiO2
Oⓘ Sigismundite(Ba◻)(Fe2+◻)Ca(Na2◻)Fe132+Al(PO4)11(PO3OH)(OH)2
Oⓘ Lazulite-Scorzalite Series
Oⓘ Arrojadite GroupA2E2CaNa2+xM13R(PO3OH)1-x(PO4)11W2
Oⓘ UM1982-08-PO:FeHMnFeMnPO5 · 2H2O
Oⓘ Gormanite(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Oⓘ Quartz var. Rock CrystalSiO2
Oⓘ Zircon var. MalaconZr(SiO4)
Oⓘ Columbite-(Fe)Fe2+Nb2O6
Oⓘ Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series
Oⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Oⓘ FersmiteCaNb2O6
Oⓘ SvanbergiteSrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Oⓘ GoyaziteSrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Oⓘ Smectite GroupA0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
Oⓘ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Oⓘ SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Oⓘ Piemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ Bixbyite-(Mn)Mn23+O3
Oⓘ HollanditeBa(Mn64+Mn23+)O16
Oⓘ Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Oⓘ AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Oⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Oⓘ PseudobrookiteFe2TiO5
Oⓘ Anthophyllite◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ Piemontite-Epidote Series
Oⓘ DawsoniteNaAlCO3(OH)2
Oⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Oⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Oⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Oⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Oⓘ GaylussiteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 5H2O
Oⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ NatronNa2CO3 · 10H2O
Oⓘ SearlesiteNa(H2BSi2O7)
Oⓘ UraniniteUO2
Oⓘ VandendriesscheitePbU7O22 · 12H2O
Oⓘ KasolitePb(UO2)(SiO4) · H2O
Oⓘ UranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Oⓘ AloisiiteNa2(Ca,Fe,Mg)5Si2O10 · 2H2O
Oⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Oⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing MagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Oⓘ MonticelliteCaMg(SiO4)
Oⓘ GehleniteCa2Al[AlSiO7]
Oⓘ ReinhardbraunsiteCa5(SiO4)2(OH,F)2
Oⓘ SpurriteCa5(SiO4)2(CO3)
Oⓘ PericlaseMgO
Oⓘ HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
Oⓘ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Oⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Oⓘ JenniteCa9(Si3O9)2(OH)8 · 8H2O
Oⓘ ThaumasiteCa3(SO4)[Si(OH)6](CO3) · 12H2O
Oⓘ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Oⓘ StauroliteFe22+Al9Si4O23(OH)
Oⓘ DumontitePb2(UO2)3O2(PO4)2 · 5H2O
Oⓘ FurongiteAl13(UO2)7(PO4)13(OH)14 · 58H2O
Oⓘ Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Oⓘ PhosphuranyliteKCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O
Oⓘ SaléeiteMg(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10H2O
Oⓘ Studtite[(UO2)(O2)(H2O)2] · H2O
Oⓘ Wakefieldite-(Ce)Ce(VO4)
Oⓘ KivuiteTh(UO2)4(PO3OH)2(OH)8 · 7H2O
Oⓘ BenauiteSrFe33+(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Oⓘ KeckiteCaMn2+(Fe3+Mn2+)Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)3 · 7H2O
Oⓘ PlaneriteAl6(PO4)2(PO3OH)2(OH)8 · 4H2O
Oⓘ Muscovite-2M2KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ EvansiteAl3(PO4)(OH)6 · 6H2O
Oⓘ AfmiteAl3(OH)4(H2O)3(PO4)(PO3OH) · H2O
Oⓘ GibbsiteAl(OH)3
Oⓘ Lithiophorite(Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2
Oⓘ Zircon var. CyrtoliteZr[(SiO4),(OH)4]
Oⓘ BolivariteAl2(PO4)(OH)3 · 4-5H2O
Oⓘ KalsiliteKAlSiO4
Oⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Oⓘ SimpsoniteAl4Ta3O13(OH)
Oⓘ Cesplumtantite(Cs,Na)2(Pb,Sb3+)3Ta8O24
Oⓘ LithiowodginiteLiTa3O8
Oⓘ CelestineSrSO4
Oⓘ ParisiteCa(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
Oⓘ StrontianiteSrCO3
Oⓘ NacriteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ BaotiteBa4(Ti,Nb,W)8O16(SiO3)4Cl
Oⓘ Columbite-(Mn)Mn2+Nb2O6
Oⓘ Ancylite-(Ce)CeSr(CO3)2(OH) · H2O
Oⓘ ForsteriteMg2(SiO4)
Oⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
Oⓘ Vishnevite(Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) · 2H2O
Oⓘ AphthitaliteK3Na(SO4)2
Oⓘ ThénarditeNa2SO4
Oⓘ EckermanniteNaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22(OH)2
Oⓘ SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Oⓘ MagnesiteMgCO3
Oⓘ CordieriteMg2Al4Si5O18
Oⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ LeuciteK(AlSi2O6)
Oⓘ UmbrianiteK7Na2Ca2[Al3Si10O29]F2Cl2
Oⓘ CuspidineCa8(Si2O7)2F4
Oⓘ FresnoiteBa2Ti(Si2O7)O
Oⓘ ÅkermaniteCa2Mg[Si2O7]
Oⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Oⓘ ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Oⓘ KarelianiteV23+O3
Oⓘ MesoliteNa2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
Oⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Oⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Oⓘ Heulandite-Ca(Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 26H2O
Oⓘ Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
Oⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Oⓘ Mukhinite(CaCa)(AlAlV3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ GravegliaiteMn2+SO3 · 3H2O
Oⓘ PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Oⓘ Tremolite var. Chrome-Tremolite◻{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ Phlogopite var. Vanadium-bearing phlogopiteK(Mg,V3+)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Dravite var. Chromium-bearing DraviteNa((Mg,Cr)3)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Oⓘ DiasporeAlO(OH)
Oⓘ PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Oⓘ HercyniteFe2+Al2O4
Oⓘ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Oⓘ Zoisite var. Chrome-Zoisite{Ca2}{Al,Cr3}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Oⓘ Forsterite var. PeridotMg2SiO4
Oⓘ Gedrite◻Mg2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ Fluor-buergerite-Dravite Series
Oⓘ Grayite(Th,Pb,Ca)(PO4) · H2O
Oⓘ Lamprophyllite(Na,Mn2+)3(Sr,Na)2(Ti,Fe3+)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH,O,F)2
Oⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Oⓘ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Oⓘ Niocalite(Ca,Nb)4(Si2O7)(O,OH,F)2
Oⓘ LarniteCa2SiO4
Oⓘ ThermonatriteNa2CO3 · H2O
Oⓘ KogarkoiteNa3(SO4)F
Oⓘ SchaireriteNa21(SO4)7ClF6
Oⓘ HaüyneNa3Ca(Si3Al3)O12(SO4)
Oⓘ Andradite var. MelaniteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Oⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Oⓘ MonohydrocalciteCaCO3 · H2O
Oⓘ KaliciniteKHCO3
Oⓘ PirssoniteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Oⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Oⓘ ShortiteNa2Ca2(CO3)3
Oⓘ WitheriteBaCO3
Oⓘ UM1995-02-CO:BaCaClFKMgNaSr(Na2,Ba,Ca,Sr,Mg,K2)(CO3)
Oⓘ UM2006-01-COPO:FNa(Na,◻)5(PO4)(CO3,F,Cl)
Oⓘ Barytolamprophyllite(Ba,Na)2(Na,Ti,Fe3+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O(OH,F)
Oⓘ RhodesiteKHCa2Si8O19 · 5H2O
Oⓘ Melanophlogite46SiO2 · 6(N2,CO2) · 2(CH4,N2)
Oⓘ ClinoenstatiteMgSiO3
Oⓘ TridymiteSiO2
Oⓘ RoedderiteK(◻Na)Mg2Mg3[Si12O30]
Oⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich FluorapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
Oⓘ CupriteCu2O
Oⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Oⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Oⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Oⓘ Ilmenite var. Manganese-bearing Ilmenite(Fe,Mn)2+TiO3
Oⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Oⓘ Ilmenite-Pyrophanite Series
Oⓘ WodginiteMn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
Oⓘ Beryl var. EmeraldBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Oⓘ SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2O
Oⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Holmquistite◻Li2(Mg3Al2)(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Oⓘ SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ Spodumene var. KunziteLiAlSi2O6
Oⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Oⓘ Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
Oⓘ BismiteBi2O3
Oⓘ WaylanditeBiAl3(PO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Oⓘ Tourmaline var. Verdelite
Oⓘ Corundum var. SapphireAl2O3
Oⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)(Sr,Ca,Ba)3(Ce,La)(CO3)3-x(PO4)(OH,F)2x
Oⓘ Rutile var. Niobium-bearing Rutile(Ti,Nb)O2
Oⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
Oⓘ Pyrochlore Group var. Uranpyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Ce)2(Nb,Ti,Ta)2O6(OH,F)
Oⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
Oⓘ ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Oⓘ Corundum var. PadparadschaAl2O3
Oⓘ Betafite GroupA2(Ti,Nb)2O6Z
Oⓘ Cerite-(CeCa)(Ce7Ca2)◻Mg(SiO4)3(SiO3OH)4(OH)3
Oⓘ Rhabdophane Group(REE,Ca,Th)(PO4) · H2O
Oⓘ TrevoriteNi2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ NépouiteNi3Si2O5(OH)4
Oⓘ Quartz var. Blue Lace AgateSiO2
Oⓘ Chrysoberyl var. AlexandriteBeAl2O4
Oⓘ PhenakiteBe2SiO4
Oⓘ ChondroditeMg5(SiO4)2F2
Oⓘ ChrysoberylBeAl2O4
Oⓘ ManganiteMn3+O(OH)
Oⓘ JohnsomervilleiteNa3CaFe11(PO4)9
Oⓘ SarcopsideFe32+(PO4)2
Oⓘ Ferroalluaudite(Na,Ca)Fe2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)3
Oⓘ Millisite(Na,K)CaAl6(PO4)4(OH)9 · 3H2O
Oⓘ Florencite-(Nd)NdAl3(PO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ BaddeleyiteZrO2
Oⓘ Britholite-(Ce)(Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3OH
Oⓘ KupletskiteK2NaMn72+Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F
Oⓘ RosenbuschiteNa6Ca6Zr3Ti(Si2O7)4O2F6
Oⓘ LåveniteNa2Ca2Mn2Zr2(Si2O7)2O2F2
Oⓘ WöhleriteNa2Ca4ZrNb(Si2O7)2O3F
Oⓘ FluorstrophiteSrCaSr3(PO4)3F
Oⓘ Burbankite(Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5
Oⓘ Britholite Group(REE,Ca)5[(Si,P)O4]3X
Oⓘ ClinoferrosiliteFe22+Si2O6
Oⓘ FerrosiliteFe22+Si2O6
Oⓘ Almandine-Pyrope Series var. RhodoliteMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ PyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ PowelliteCa(MoO4)
Oⓘ Olivine GroupM2SiO4
Oⓘ DanaliteBe3Fe42+(SiO4)3S
Oⓘ Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Oⓘ Samarskite-(Y)YFe3+Nb2O8
Oⓘ KanemiteHNaSi2O5 · 3H2O
Oⓘ Opal var. OpalineSiO2 · nH2O
Oⓘ HagendorfiteNaCaMn2+Fe22+(PO4)3
Oⓘ CyriloviteNaFe33+(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ SouzaliteMg3Al4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Oⓘ TychiteNa6Mg2(CO3)4(SO4)
Oⓘ BurkeiteNa6(CO3)(SO4)2
Oⓘ ArcaniteK2SO4
Oⓘ HanksiteNa22K(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl
Oⓘ KieseriteMgSO4 · H2O
Oⓘ NitratineNaNO3
Oⓘ ClinohumiteMg9(SiO4)4F2
Oⓘ MarialiteNa4Al3Si9O24Cl
Oⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing DiopsideCa(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
Oⓘ Phlogopite var. Chromium-bearing PhlogopiteK(Mg,Cr)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Enstatite var. Bronzite(Mg,Fe2+)2[SiO3]2
Oⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite(Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4
Oⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Oⓘ Chevkinite-(Ce)Ce4(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)5O8(Si2O7)2
Oⓘ K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Oⓘ MontdoriteKFe2+1.5Mn2+0.5Mg0.5Si4O10(F,OH)2
Oⓘ Ferro-richteriteNa(CaNa)Fe52+(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ Osumilite-(Mg)K◻2Mg2Al3[Al2Si10O30]
Oⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Oⓘ GahniteZnAl2O4
Oⓘ UvaroviteCa3Cr23+(SiO4)3
Oⓘ Magnetite var. IshkuliteFe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4
Oⓘ Phillipsite-CaCa3(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O
Oⓘ Magnesite var. Iron-bearing Magnesite(Mg,Fe)CO3
Oⓘ Magnetite var. ChrommagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4
Oⓘ AnnabergiteNi3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Oⓘ BruciteMg(OH)2
Oⓘ Opal var. Opal-ANSiO2 · nH2O
Oⓘ LiddicoatiteCa(Li2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Oⓘ Rossmanite◻(LiAl2)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Oⓘ TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Si3Fe3+)O10(OH)2
Oⓘ Ferro-katophoriteNa(CaNa)(Fe42+Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ ChloritoidFe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2
Oⓘ Amblygonite-Montebrasite Series
Oⓘ BertranditeBe4(Si2O7)(OH)2
Oⓘ Hematite var. SpeculariteFe2O3
Oⓘ Davidite-(La)La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
Oⓘ Hannayite(NH4)2Mg3H4(PO4)4 · 8H2O
Oⓘ NewberyiteMg(PO3OH) · 3H2O
Oⓘ BrushiteCa(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Oⓘ TaranakiteK3Al5(PO3OH)6(PO4)2 · 18H2O
Oⓘ CristobaliteSiO2
Oⓘ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Oⓘ Mascagnite(NH4)2SO4
Oⓘ Allanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ Synchysite-(Y)CaY(CO3)2F
Oⓘ Diopside var. SaliteCaMgSi2O6
Oⓘ Biotite var. Titanium-bearing BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Oⓘ DolerophaniteCu2(SO4)O
Oⓘ ChalcocyaniteCuSO4
Oⓘ Almandine-Pyrope Series
Oⓘ Allanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Oⓘ Axinite-(Mn)Ca2Mn2+Al2BSi4O15(OH)
Oⓘ RhodochrositeMnCO3
Oⓘ AnapaiteCa2Fe2+(PO4)2 · 4H2O
Oⓘ SchorlomiteCa3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Oⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Oⓘ Gonnardite(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
Oⓘ Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(OH,F) · 8H2O
Oⓘ HarmotomeBa2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O
Oⓘ Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Oⓘ EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
Oⓘ HexahydriteMg(H2O)6(SO4)
Oⓘ MirabiliteNa2SO4 · 10H2O
Oⓘ PolyhaliteK2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ SyngeniteK2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
Oⓘ HalotrichiteFe2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Oⓘ Stercorite(NH4)Na(PO3OH) · 4H2O
Oⓘ NitromagnesiteMg(NO3)2 · 6H2O
Oⓘ BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Oⓘ Mohrite(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Oⓘ Lonecreekite(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Oⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Oⓘ SepioliteMg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O
Oⓘ KimzeyiteCa3Zr2(SiO4)(AlO4)2
Oⓘ MagnesioferriteMgFe23+O4
Oⓘ JacobsiteMn2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ FrankliniteZn2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ SulphohaliteNa6(SO4)2FCl
Oⓘ Magnesio-arfvedsoniteNaNa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ RichteriteNa(CaNa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
Oⓘ FerrowodginiteFe2+Sn4+Ta2O8
Oⓘ Wodginite var. Iron-bearing WodginiteMn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
Oⓘ Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Oⓘ DanburiteCaB2Si2O8
Oⓘ Sodium Amphibole SubgroupA0-1Na2(C2+2-4C3+1-2Li0-1)Σ5(Si8-mAlmO22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Oⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAn(NaCa)(C2+5-mCm3+)(Si8-(n+m+1)Al(n+m-1)O22)V2
Oⓘ Quartz var. Shocked QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
Oⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Oⓘ GaspéiteNiCO3
Oⓘ Opal var. Prase OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Oⓘ Staurolite var. Lusakite(Fe,Mg,Co)2Al9Si4O23OH
Oⓘ MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Unnamed (Co2+-dominant analogue of ferrohögbomite-2N2S)[(Co2+,Fe2+,Mg,Al)3(Al,Fe3+,Ti)8O15(OH)]2
Oⓘ Fluoro-pargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22F2
Oⓘ Andradite-Schorlomite Series
Oⓘ Magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Oⓘ SinoiteSi2N2O
Oⓘ Boltwoodite(K,Na)(UO2)(SiO3OH) · 1.5H2O
Oⓘ CoffiniteU(SiO4) · nH2O
Oⓘ Tanteuxenite-(Y)Y(Ta,Nb,Ti)2(O,OH)6
Oⓘ Opal var. Opal-CTSiO2 · nH2O
Oⓘ PyrolusiteMn4+O2
Oⓘ HiboniteCaAl12O19
Oⓘ Romanèchite(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
Oⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Oⓘ KatophoriteNa(CaNa){Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ Garnet Group var. Titanium-bearing GarnetX3Z2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Oⓘ Magnesite var. Breunnerite(Mg,Fe)CO3
Oⓘ GrossmaniteCaTi3+ AlSiO6
Oⓘ TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
Oⓘ Augite var. Fassaite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Oⓘ CronstedtiteFe22+Fe3+((Si,Fe3+)2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ Stilbite-CaNaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
Oⓘ WhitlockiteCa9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)
Oⓘ ChlorapatiteCa5(PO4)3Cl
Oⓘ Pigeonite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Oⓘ Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Oⓘ TochiliniteFe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10
Oⓘ MerrilliteCa9NaMg(PO4)7
Oⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Oⓘ HalloysiteAl2Si2O5(OH)4 · n(H2O)
Oⓘ Maghemite(Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe23+O4
Oⓘ LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ SmithsoniteZnCO3
Oⓘ ThorianiteThO2
Oⓘ UM1972-05-BiO:AlCaPBi-Ca-Al-P-O
Oⓘ UM1975-16-SO:HKZnK2Zn(SO4)2 · 2H2O
Oⓘ ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
Oⓘ AnglesitePbSO4
Oⓘ UM1983-18-SiO:AlFeHMg~(Mg,Fe)Al4Si4O12(OH)8
Oⓘ BityiteCaLiAl2(AlBeSi2O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ MulliteAl4+2xSi2-2xO10-x
Oⓘ BobierriteMg3(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Oⓘ CalzirtiteCa2Zr5Ti2O16
Oⓘ Phlogopite var. Titanium-bearing PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ AnataseTiO2
Oⓘ Oxynatropyrochlore(Na,Ca,U)2Nb2O6(O,OH)
Oⓘ Calcite var. Mg-rich Calcite(Ca,Mg)CO3
Oⓘ EuclaseBeAl(SiO4)(OH)
Oⓘ Amphibole Supergroup var. UraliteAX2Z5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Oⓘ Tourmaline var. Chrome-TourmalineAD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Oⓘ Tapiolite-(Fe)Fe2+Ta2O6
Oⓘ MontaniteBi2(TeO6) · nH2O
Oⓘ PseudomalachiteCu5(PO4)2(OH)4
Oⓘ BrookiteTiO2
Oⓘ PhurcaliteCa2(UO2)3(PO4)2O2 · 7H2O
Oⓘ Quartz var. AgateSiO2
Oⓘ HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Oⓘ Augite var. Ferroaugite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Oⓘ WilkinsoniteNa2Fe42+Fe23+(Si6O18)O2
Oⓘ EdeniteNaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Oⓘ Augite var. Ferrohedenbergite(Ca,Mg,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Si2O6
Oⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Oⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Oⓘ NoseanNa8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4) · H2O
Oⓘ Ferro-edeniteNaCa2Fe52+(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Oⓘ Hedenbergite var. FerrosaliteCaFe2+Si2O6
Oⓘ Nacareniobsite-(Ce)Na3Ca3(Ce,REE)Nb(Si2O7)2OF3
Oⓘ Cassiterite var. Wood TinSnO2
Oⓘ WhewelliteCa(C2O4) · H2O
Oⓘ Dittmarite(NH4)Mg(PO4) · H2O
Oⓘ WeddelliteCa(C2O4) · (2.5-x)H2O
Oⓘ NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Oⓘ Cookeite(LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8
Oⓘ EucryptiteLiAlSiO4
Oⓘ Foitite◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Oⓘ PetaliteLiAl(Si4O10)
Oⓘ GlaucochroiteCaMn2+(SiO4)
Oⓘ LatrappiteCa2NbFe3+O6
Oⓘ UlvöspinelTiFe22+O4
Oⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Oⓘ ThortveititeSc2Si2O7
Oⓘ Ancylite-(La)LaSr(CO3)2(OH) · H2O
Oⓘ Kozoite-(La)La(CO3)(OH)
Oⓘ MorimotoiteCa3(TiFe2+)(SiO4)3
Oⓘ Quartz var. Milky QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ Andalusite var. ChiastoliteAl2(SiO4)O
Oⓘ Calcite var. Iron-bearing Calcite(Ca,Fe)CO3
Oⓘ Opal var. Opal-ASiO2 · nH2O
Oⓘ ManganoneptuniteKNa2Li(Mn2+)2Ti2[Si4O12]2
Oⓘ TilleyiteCa5(Si2O7)(CO3)2
Oⓘ Tschermakite◻Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ CavoiteCaV34+O7
Oⓘ BrunogeieriteGe4+Fe22+O4
Oⓘ CuprospinelCu2+Fe23+O4
FFluorine
Fⓘ Delhayelite(Na,K)10Ca5Al6Si32O80(Cl2,F2,SO4)3 · 18H2O
Fⓘ GötzeniteNaCa6Ti(Si2O7)2OF3
Fⓘ HejtmaniteBa2Mn42+Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F2
Fⓘ IsokiteCaMg(PO4)F
Fⓘ Parisite-(Ce)CaCe2(CO3)3F2
Fⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Fⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Fⓘ Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series
Fⓘ VilliaumiteNaF
Fⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce)Ce(CO3)F
Fⓘ PolylithioniteKLi2Al(Si4O10)(F,OH)2
Fⓘ FluoriteCaF2
Fⓘ Synchysite-(Ce)CaCe(CO3)2F
Fⓘ AstrophylliteK2NaFe72+Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F
Fⓘ Cordylite-(Ce)NaBaCe2(CO3)4F
Fⓘ Fluoro-riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)(Si8O22)F2
Fⓘ AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
Fⓘ LacroixiteNaAl(PO4)F
Fⓘ Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite(Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH)
Fⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Fⓘ TripliteMn22+(PO4)F
Fⓘ GriphiteNa4Li2Ca6(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)19Al8(PO4)24(F,OH)8
Fⓘ Zinnwaldite
Fⓘ ReinhardbraunsiteCa5(SiO4)2(OH,F)2
Fⓘ ParisiteCa(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
Fⓘ ElpasoliteK2NaAlF6
Fⓘ HieratiteK2[SiF6]
Fⓘ UmbrianiteK7Na2Ca2[Al3Si10O29]F2Cl2
Fⓘ CuspidineCa8(Si2O7)2F4
Fⓘ Fluor-buergerite-Dravite Series
Fⓘ Lamprophyllite(Na,Mn2+)3(Sr,Na)2(Ti,Fe3+)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH,O,F)2
Fⓘ NeighboriteNaMgF3
Fⓘ Niocalite(Ca,Nb)4(Si2O7)(O,OH,F)2
Fⓘ SellaiteMgF2
Fⓘ KogarkoiteNa3(SO4)F
Fⓘ SchaireriteNa21(SO4)7ClF6
Fⓘ UM2006-01-COPO:FNa(Na,◻)5(PO4)(CO3,F,Cl)
Fⓘ Barytolamprophyllite(Ba,Na)2(Na,Ti,Fe3+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O(OH,F)
Fⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich FluorapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
Fⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Fⓘ SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2O
Fⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)(Sr,Ca,Ba)3(Ce,La)(CO3)3-x(PO4)(OH,F)2x
Fⓘ Pyrochlore Group var. Uranpyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Ce)2(Nb,Ti,Ta)2O6(OH,F)
Fⓘ ChondroditeMg5(SiO4)2F2
Fⓘ KupletskiteK2NaMn72+Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F
Fⓘ RosenbuschiteNa6Ca6Zr3Ti(Si2O7)4O2F6
Fⓘ LåveniteNa2Ca2Mn2Zr2(Si2O7)2O2F2
Fⓘ WöhleriteNa2Ca4ZrNb(Si2O7)2O3F
Fⓘ FluorstrophiteSrCaSr3(PO4)3F
Fⓘ ClinohumiteMg9(SiO4)4F2
Fⓘ MontdoriteKFe2+1.5Mn2+0.5Mg0.5Si4O10(F,OH)2
Fⓘ Amblygonite-Montebrasite Series
Fⓘ Davidite-(La)La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
Fⓘ Synchysite-(Y)CaY(CO3)2F
Fⓘ Biotite var. Titanium-bearing BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Fⓘ Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(OH,F) · 8H2O
Fⓘ SulphohaliteNa6(SO4)2FCl
Fⓘ Sodium Amphibole SubgroupA0-1Na2(C2+2-4C3+1-2Li0-1)Σ5(Si8-mAlmO22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Fⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
Fⓘ Fluoro-pargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22F2
Fⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Fⓘ TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
Fⓘ Amphibole Supergroup var. UraliteAX2Z5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Fⓘ Fluorite var. Yttrofluorite(Ca1-xYx)F2+x where 0.05 < x < 0.3
Fⓘ Nacareniobsite-(Ce)Na3Ca3(Ce,REE)Nb(Si2O7)2OF3
Fⓘ ParascandolaiteKMgF3
NaSodium
Naⓘ Ferrorosemaryite◻NaFe2+Fe3+Al(PO4)3
Naⓘ KenyaiteNa2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O
Naⓘ MagadiiteNa2Si14O29 · 11H2O
Naⓘ MakatiteNa2Si4O8(OH)2 · 4H2O
Naⓘ BurangaiteNaFe2+Al5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Naⓘ Delhayelite(Na,K)10Ca5Al6Si32O80(Cl2,F2,SO4)3 · 18H2O
Naⓘ CombeiteNa4.5Ca3.5Si6O17.5(OH)0.5
Naⓘ GötzeniteNaCa6Ti(Si2O7)2OF3
Naⓘ Rankamaite(Na,K)3(Ta,Nb,Al)11(O,OH)31
Naⓘ LueshiteNaNbO3
Naⓘ Gregoryite(Na2,K2,Ca)CO3
Naⓘ NyerereiteNa2Ca(CO3)2
Naⓘ Alumoåkermanite(CaNa)Al[Si2O7]
Naⓘ Jörgkellerite(Na,◻)3Mn33+(PO4)2(CO3)(O,OH)2 · 5H2O
Naⓘ EugsteriteNa4Ca(SO4)3 · 2H2O
Naⓘ TrikalsiliteK2NaAl3(SiO4)3
Naⓘ Oxo-magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg3(Fe3+2-x,Tix))5(Si6Al2O22)O2
Naⓘ Oxy-draviteNa(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
Naⓘ Potassic-ferro-ferri-taramiteK(CaNa)(Fe32+Fe23+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Naⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Naⓘ EudidymiteNa2Be2Si6O15 · H2O
Naⓘ NorthupiteNa3Mg(CO3)2Cl
Naⓘ ArfvedsoniteNaNa2(Fe42+Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2
Naⓘ Riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)Si8O22(OH)2
Naⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Naⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Naⓘ NahcoliteNaHCO3
Naⓘ TronaNa3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Naⓘ VilliaumiteNaF
Naⓘ HaliteNaCl
Naⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup(Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
Naⓘ Clinoptilolite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
Naⓘ EpididymiteNa2Be2Si6O15 · H2O
Naⓘ ElpiditeNa2ZrSi6O15 · 3H2O
Naⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Naⓘ NiobophylliteK2NaFe72+(NbTi)[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4O
Naⓘ AstrophylliteK2NaFe72+Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F
Naⓘ Cordylite-(Ce)NaBaCe2(CO3)4F
Naⓘ ZektzeriteLiNaZrSi6O15
Naⓘ Fluoro-riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)(Si8O22)F2
Naⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Naⓘ AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Naⓘ Alluaudite(Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3
Naⓘ FillowiteNa3CaMn112+(PO4)9
Naⓘ Rosemaryite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe2+)(Fe3+,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Naⓘ Wyllieite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Naⓘ BrazilianiteNaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4
Naⓘ LacroixiteNaAl(PO4)F
Naⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Naⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Naⓘ Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
Naⓘ ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Naⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Naⓘ VaruliteNaCaMn2+Mn22+(PO4)3
Naⓘ Alluaudite-Na[]◻4Na4Mn42+Fe83+(PO4)12
Naⓘ Vernadite(Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
Naⓘ GriphiteNa4Li2Ca6(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)19Al8(PO4)24(F,OH)8
Naⓘ WarditeNaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
Naⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Naⓘ ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Naⓘ Sigismundite(Ba◻)(Fe2+◻)Ca(Na2◻)Fe132+Al(PO4)11(PO3OH)(OH)2
Naⓘ Arrojadite GroupA2E2CaNa2+xM13R(PO3OH)1-x(PO4)11W2
Naⓘ DawsoniteNaAlCO3(OH)2
Naⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Naⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Naⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Naⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Naⓘ GaylussiteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 5H2O
Naⓘ NatronNa2CO3 · 10H2O
Naⓘ SearlesiteNa(H2BSi2O7)
Naⓘ AloisiiteNa2(Ca,Fe,Mg)5Si2O10 · 2H2O
Naⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Naⓘ Cesplumtantite(Cs,Na)2(Pb,Sb3+)3Ta8O24
Naⓘ Vishnevite(Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) · 2H2O
Naⓘ AphthitaliteK3Na(SO4)2
Naⓘ ThénarditeNa2SO4
Naⓘ ElpasoliteK2NaAlF6
Naⓘ EckermanniteNaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22(OH)2
Naⓘ UmbrianiteK7Na2Ca2[Al3Si10O29]F2Cl2
Naⓘ MesoliteNa2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
Naⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Naⓘ Heulandite-Ca(Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 26H2O
Naⓘ PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Naⓘ Dravite var. Chromium-bearing DraviteNa((Mg,Cr)3)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Naⓘ PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Naⓘ Fluor-buergerite-Dravite Series
Naⓘ Lamprophyllite(Na,Mn2+)3(Sr,Na)2(Ti,Fe3+)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH,O,F)2
Naⓘ NeighboriteNaMgF3
Naⓘ ThermonatriteNa2CO3 · H2O
Naⓘ KogarkoiteNa3(SO4)F
Naⓘ SchaireriteNa21(SO4)7ClF6
Naⓘ HaüyneNa3Ca(Si3Al3)O12(SO4)
Naⓘ PirssoniteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Naⓘ ShortiteNa2Ca2(CO3)3
Naⓘ UM1995-02-CO:BaCaClFKMgNaSr(Na2,Ba,Ca,Sr,Mg,K2)(CO3)
Naⓘ UM2006-01-COPO:FNa(Na,◻)5(PO4)(CO3,F,Cl)
Naⓘ Barytolamprophyllite(Ba,Na)2(Na,Ti,Fe3+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O(OH,F)
Naⓘ RoedderiteK(◻Na)Mg2Mg3[Si12O30]
Naⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Naⓘ Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
Naⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
Naⓘ JohnsomervilleiteNa3CaFe11(PO4)9
Naⓘ Ferroalluaudite(Na,Ca)Fe2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)3
Naⓘ Millisite(Na,K)CaAl6(PO4)4(OH)9 · 3H2O
Naⓘ KupletskiteK2NaMn72+Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F
Naⓘ RosenbuschiteNa6Ca6Zr3Ti(Si2O7)4O2F6
Naⓘ LåveniteNa2Ca2Mn2Zr2(Si2O7)2O2F2
Naⓘ WöhleriteNa2Ca4ZrNb(Si2O7)2O3F
Naⓘ Burbankite(Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5
Naⓘ KanemiteHNaSi2O5 · 3H2O
Naⓘ HagendorfiteNaCaMn2+Fe22+(PO4)3
Naⓘ CyriloviteNaFe33+(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
Naⓘ TychiteNa6Mg2(CO3)4(SO4)
Naⓘ BurkeiteNa6(CO3)(SO4)2
Naⓘ HanksiteNa22K(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl
Naⓘ NitratineNaNO3
Naⓘ MarialiteNa4Al3Si9O24Cl
Naⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Naⓘ Ferro-richteriteNa(CaNa)Fe52+(Si8O22)(OH)2
Naⓘ Ferro-katophoriteNa(CaNa)(Fe42+Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Naⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Naⓘ Gonnardite(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
Naⓘ Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Naⓘ MirabiliteNa2SO4 · 10H2O
Naⓘ Stercorite(NH4)Na(PO3OH) · 4H2O
Naⓘ BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Naⓘ SulphohaliteNa6(SO4)2FCl
Naⓘ Magnesio-arfvedsoniteNaNa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si8O22)(OH)2
Naⓘ RichteriteNa(CaNa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Naⓘ Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Naⓘ Sodium Amphibole SubgroupA0-1Na2(C2+2-4C3+1-2Li0-1)Σ5(Si8-mAlmO22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Naⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAn(NaCa)(C2+5-mCm3+)(Si8-(n+m+1)Al(n+m-1)O22)V2
Naⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Naⓘ Fluoro-pargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22F2
Naⓘ Magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Naⓘ Boltwoodite(K,Na)(UO2)(SiO3OH) · 1.5H2O
Naⓘ KatophoriteNa(CaNa){Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Naⓘ Augite var. Fassaite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Naⓘ Stilbite-CaNaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
Naⓘ MerrilliteCa9NaMg(PO4)7
Naⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Naⓘ Oxynatropyrochlore(Na,Ca,U)2Nb2O6(O,OH)
Naⓘ HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Naⓘ WilkinsoniteNa2Fe42+Fe23+(Si6O18)O2
Naⓘ EdeniteNaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Naⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Naⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Naⓘ NoseanNa8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4) · H2O
Naⓘ Ferro-edeniteNaCa2Fe52+(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Naⓘ Nacareniobsite-(Ce)Na3Ca3(Ce,REE)Nb(Si2O7)2OF3
Naⓘ NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Naⓘ ManganoneptuniteKNa2Li(Mn2+)2Ti2[Si4O12]2
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ YoderiteMg(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)2O(OH)
Mgⓘ Magnesiohögbomite-2N3S[(Mg,Fe2+,Zn)4(Al,Ti,Fe3+)10O19(OH)]2
Mgⓘ Axinite-(Mg)Ca2MgAl2BSi4O15OH
Mgⓘ IsokiteCaMg(PO4)F
Mgⓘ Magnesiohögbomite-6N6S[(Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Ti,Fe3+)8O15(OH)]6
Mgⓘ Oxo-magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg3(Fe3+2-x,Tix))5(Si6Al2O22)O2
Mgⓘ Oxy-draviteNa(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
Mgⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ NorthupiteNa3Mg(CO3)2Cl
Mgⓘ Dingdaohengite-(Ce)(Ce,La)4Fe2+(Ti,Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8
Mgⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Mgⓘ MagnesiochromiteMgCr2O4
Mgⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Mgⓘ Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series
Mgⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Mgⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Mgⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Mgⓘ Alluaudite(Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3
Mgⓘ Rosemaryite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe2+)(Fe3+,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Mgⓘ Wyllieite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Mgⓘ LazuliteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2
Mgⓘ Bjarebyite(Ba,Sr)(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2Al2(PO4)3(OH)3
Mgⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Mgⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Stanĕkite(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Fe3+(PO4)O
Mgⓘ GriphiteNa4Li2Ca6(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)19Al8(PO4)24(F,OH)8
Mgⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Mgⓘ Lazulite-Scorzalite Series
Mgⓘ Gormanite(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Mgⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Mgⓘ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Mgⓘ SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Mgⓘ Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Mgⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Mgⓘ Anthophyllite◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Mgⓘ AloisiiteNa2(Ca,Fe,Mg)5Si2O10 · 2H2O
Mgⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Mgⓘ MonticelliteCaMg(SiO4)
Mgⓘ PericlaseMgO
Mgⓘ SaléeiteMg(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10H2O
Mgⓘ ForsteriteMg2(SiO4)
Mgⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
Mgⓘ EckermanniteNaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22(OH)2
Mgⓘ MagnesiteMgCO3
Mgⓘ CordieriteMg2Al4Si5O18
Mgⓘ ÅkermaniteCa2Mg[Si2O7]
Mgⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Mgⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Mgⓘ Tremolite var. Chrome-Tremolite◻{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Phlogopite var. Vanadium-bearing phlogopiteK(Mg,V3+)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Dravite var. Chromium-bearing DraviteNa((Mg,Cr)3)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Mgⓘ PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Mgⓘ Forsterite var. PeridotMg2SiO4
Mgⓘ Gedrite◻Mg2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Fluor-buergerite-Dravite Series
Mgⓘ NeighboriteNaMgF3
Mgⓘ SellaiteMgF2
Mgⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Mgⓘ UM1995-02-CO:BaCaClFKMgNaSr(Na2,Ba,Ca,Sr,Mg,K2)(CO3)
Mgⓘ NiningeriteMgS
Mgⓘ ClinoenstatiteMgSiO3
Mgⓘ RoedderiteK(◻Na)Mg2Mg3[Si12O30]
Mgⓘ SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2O
Mgⓘ Holmquistite◻Li2(Mg3Al2)(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Mgⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
Mgⓘ ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mgⓘ Cerite-(CeCa)(Ce7Ca2)◻Mg(SiO4)3(SiO3OH)4(OH)3
Mgⓘ ChondroditeMg5(SiO4)2F2
Mgⓘ Almandine-Pyrope Series var. RhodoliteMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Mgⓘ PyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Mgⓘ SouzaliteMg3Al4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Mgⓘ TychiteNa6Mg2(CO3)4(SO4)
Mgⓘ KieseriteMgSO4 · H2O
Mgⓘ ClinohumiteMg9(SiO4)4F2
Mgⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing DiopsideCa(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
Mgⓘ Phlogopite var. Chromium-bearing PhlogopiteK(Mg,Cr)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Enstatite var. Bronzite(Mg,Fe2+)2[SiO3]2
Mgⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite(Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4
Mgⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Mgⓘ MontdoriteKFe2+1.5Mn2+0.5Mg0.5Si4O10(F,OH)2
Mgⓘ Osumilite-(Mg)K◻2Mg2Al3[Al2Si10O30]
Mgⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Mgⓘ Magnesite var. Iron-bearing Magnesite(Mg,Fe)CO3
Mgⓘ BruciteMg(OH)2
Mgⓘ TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Si3Fe3+)O10(OH)2
Mgⓘ Hannayite(NH4)2Mg3H4(PO4)4 · 8H2O
Mgⓘ NewberyiteMg(PO3OH) · 3H2O
Mgⓘ Diopside var. SaliteCaMgSi2O6
Mgⓘ Biotite var. Titanium-bearing BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Mgⓘ Almandine-Pyrope Series
Mgⓘ EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
Mgⓘ HexahydriteMg(H2O)6(SO4)
Mgⓘ PolyhaliteK2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O
Mgⓘ NitromagnesiteMg(NO3)2 · 6H2O
Mgⓘ BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Mgⓘ SepioliteMg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O
Mgⓘ MagnesioferriteMgFe23+O4
Mgⓘ Magnesio-arfvedsoniteNaNa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ RichteriteNa(CaNa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Mgⓘ Staurolite var. Lusakite(Fe,Mg,Co)2Al9Si4O23OH
Mgⓘ Unnamed (Co2+-dominant analogue of ferrohögbomite-2N2S)[(Co2+,Fe2+,Mg,Al)3(Al,Fe3+,Ti)8O15(OH)]2
Mgⓘ Fluoro-pargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22F2
Mgⓘ Magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Mgⓘ KatophoriteNa(CaNa){Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Mgⓘ Magnesite var. Breunnerite(Mg,Fe)CO3
Mgⓘ TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
Mgⓘ Augite var. Fassaite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Mgⓘ WhitlockiteCa9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)
Mgⓘ Pigeonite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Mgⓘ Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Mgⓘ TochiliniteFe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10
Mgⓘ MerrilliteCa9NaMg(PO4)7
Mgⓘ LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mgⓘ UM1983-18-SiO:AlFeHMg~(Mg,Fe)Al4Si4O12(OH)8
Mgⓘ BobierriteMg3(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Mgⓘ Phlogopite var. Titanium-bearing PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Calcite var. Mg-rich Calcite(Ca,Mg)CO3
Mgⓘ Augite var. Ferroaugite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Mgⓘ EdeniteNaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Mgⓘ Augite var. Ferrohedenbergite(Ca,Mg,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Si2O6
Mgⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Mgⓘ Dittmarite(NH4)Mg(PO4) · H2O
Mgⓘ ParascandolaiteKMgF3
Mgⓘ Tschermakite◻Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
AlAluminium
Alⓘ Ferrorosemaryite◻NaFe2+Fe3+Al(PO4)3
Alⓘ BertossaiteLi2CaAl4(PO4)4(OH)4
Alⓘ BurangaiteNaFe2+Al5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Alⓘ GatumbaiteCaAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 · H2O
Alⓘ YoderiteMg(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)2O(OH)
Alⓘ Magnesiohögbomite-2N3S[(Mg,Fe2+,Zn)4(Al,Ti,Fe3+)10O19(OH)]2
Alⓘ AlthupiteAlTh(UO2)7(PO4)4(OH)5O2 · 15H2O
Alⓘ KamitugaitePbAl[(UO2)5(PO4)2.38(AsO4)0.62O2(OH)2] · 11.5H2O
Alⓘ RanunculiteHAl(UO2)(PO4)(OH)3 · 4H2O
Alⓘ UpaliteAl(UO2)3(PO4)2O(OH) · 7H2O
Alⓘ EylettersiteTh0.75Al3(PO4)2(OH)6
Alⓘ MoreauiteAl3(UO2)(PO4)3(OH)2 · 13H2O
Alⓘ MunditeAl(UO2)3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5.5H2O
Alⓘ ThreadgolditeAl(UO2)2(PO4)2(OH) · 8H2O
Alⓘ TrianguliteAl3(UO2)4(PO4)4(OH)5 · 5H2O
Alⓘ PhuralumiteAl2[(UO2)3(PO4)2O(OH)](OH)3(H2O)9
Alⓘ KobokoboiteAl6(PO4)4(OH)6 · 11H2O
Alⓘ Delhayelite(Na,K)10Ca5Al6Si32O80(Cl2,F2,SO4)3 · 18H2O
Alⓘ Rankamaite(Na,K)3(Ta,Nb,Al)11(O,OH)31
Alⓘ AnthoiniteAlWO3(OH)3
Alⓘ Axinite-(Mg)Ca2MgAl2BSi4O15OH
Alⓘ Alumoåkermanite(CaNa)Al[Si2O7]
Alⓘ MpororoiteWAlO3(OH)3 · 2(H2O)
Alⓘ TrikalsiliteK2NaAl3(SiO4)3
Alⓘ Magnesiohögbomite-6N6S[(Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Ti,Fe3+)8O15(OH)]6
Alⓘ Oxo-magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg3(Fe3+2-x,Tix))5(Si6Al2O22)O2
Alⓘ Oxy-draviteNa(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
Alⓘ Grossular var. TsavoriteCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ Hydroxykenoelsmoreite(◻,Pb)2(W,Fe3+,Al)2(O,OH)6(OH)
Alⓘ Potassic-ferro-ferri-taramiteK(CaNa)(Fe32+Fe23+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Alⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Alⓘ Microcline var. AmazoniteK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ Zoisite var. Tanzanite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Alⓘ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Alⓘ Corundum var. RubyAl2O3
Alⓘ CorundumAl2O3
Alⓘ TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Alⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Alⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Alⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Alⓘ UhligiteCa3(Ti,Al,Zr)9O20 ?
Alⓘ Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series
Alⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup(Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
Alⓘ Erionite SubgroupM2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
Alⓘ Clinoptilolite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
Alⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Alⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ PolylithioniteKLi2Al(Si4O10)(F,OH)2
Alⓘ AnniteKFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ MilariteK(◻H2O)Ca2(Be2Al)[Si12O30]
Alⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Alⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Alⓘ AugeliteAl2(PO4)(OH)3
Alⓘ Rosemaryite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe2+)(Fe3+,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Alⓘ Wyllieite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Alⓘ BerliniteAlPO4
Alⓘ AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
Alⓘ LazuliteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2
Alⓘ ScorzaliteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2
Alⓘ CrandalliteCaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Alⓘ TrolleiteAl4(PO4)3(OH)3
Alⓘ BrazilianiteNaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4
Alⓘ LacroixiteNaAl(PO4)F
Alⓘ Samuelsonite(Ca,Ba)Ca8Fe22+Mn22+Al2(PO4)10(OH)2
Alⓘ Bjarebyite(Ba,Sr)(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2Al2(PO4)3(OH)3
Alⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Alⓘ AttakoliteCaMn2+Al4(SiO3OH)(PO4)3(OH)4
Alⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Alⓘ CacoxeniteFe243+AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O
Alⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Alⓘ Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Alⓘ EosphoriteMn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
Alⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
Alⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ SiderophylliteKFe22+Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ SpodumeneLiAlSi2O6
Alⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Alⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Alⓘ VarisciteAlPO4 · 2H2O
Alⓘ WavelliteAl3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
Alⓘ ChildreniteFe2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
Alⓘ GriphiteNa4Li2Ca6(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)19Al8(PO4)24(F,OH)8
Alⓘ MontebrasiteLiAl(PO4)(OH)
Alⓘ WarditeNaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
Alⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Alⓘ ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ Zinnwaldite
Alⓘ Sigismundite(Ba◻)(Fe2+◻)Ca(Na2◻)Fe132+Al(PO4)11(PO3OH)(OH)2
Alⓘ Lazulite-Scorzalite Series
Alⓘ Gormanite(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Alⓘ SvanbergiteSrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Alⓘ GoyaziteSrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Alⓘ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Alⓘ SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Alⓘ Piemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alⓘ Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Alⓘ AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Alⓘ Piemontite-Epidote Series
Alⓘ DawsoniteNaAlCO3(OH)2
Alⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Alⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Alⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Alⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Alⓘ GehleniteCa2Al[AlSiO7]
Alⓘ StauroliteFe22+Al9Si4O23(OH)
Alⓘ FurongiteAl13(UO2)7(PO4)13(OH)14 · 58H2O
Alⓘ PlaneriteAl6(PO4)2(PO3OH)2(OH)8 · 4H2O
Alⓘ Muscovite-2M2KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ EvansiteAl3(PO4)(OH)6 · 6H2O
Alⓘ AfmiteAl3(OH)4(H2O)3(PO4)(PO3OH) · H2O
Alⓘ GibbsiteAl(OH)3
Alⓘ Lithiophorite(Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2
Alⓘ BolivariteAl2(PO4)(OH)3 · 4-5H2O
Alⓘ KalsiliteKAlSiO4
Alⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Alⓘ SimpsoniteAl4Ta3O13(OH)
Alⓘ NacriteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Alⓘ Vishnevite(Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) · 2H2O
Alⓘ ElpasoliteK2NaAlF6
Alⓘ EckermanniteNaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22(OH)2
Alⓘ SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Alⓘ CordieriteMg2Al4Si5O18
Alⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ LeuciteK(AlSi2O6)
Alⓘ UmbrianiteK7Na2Ca2[Al3Si10O29]F2Cl2
Alⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Alⓘ ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Alⓘ MesoliteNa2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
Alⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Alⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Alⓘ Heulandite-Ca(Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 26H2O
Alⓘ Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
Alⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Alⓘ Mukhinite(CaCa)(AlAlV3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alⓘ Phlogopite var. Vanadium-bearing phlogopiteK(Mg,V3+)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ Dravite var. Chromium-bearing DraviteNa((Mg,Cr)3)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Alⓘ DiasporeAlO(OH)
Alⓘ PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Alⓘ HercyniteFe2+Al2O4
Alⓘ Zoisite var. Chrome-Zoisite{Ca2}{Al,Cr3}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Alⓘ Gedrite◻Mg2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Alⓘ Fluor-buergerite-Dravite Series
Alⓘ HaüyneNa3Ca(Si3Al3)O12(SO4)
Alⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Alⓘ Beryl var. EmeraldBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Alⓘ SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2O
Alⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ Holmquistite◻Li2(Mg3Al2)(Si8O22)(OH)2
Alⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Alⓘ SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ Spodumene var. KunziteLiAlSi2O6
Alⓘ WaylanditeBiAl3(PO4)2(OH)6
Alⓘ Corundum var. SapphireAl2O3
Alⓘ Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Alⓘ Corundum var. PadparadschaAl2O3
Alⓘ Chrysoberyl var. AlexandriteBeAl2O4
Alⓘ ChrysoberylBeAl2O4
Alⓘ Millisite(Na,K)CaAl6(PO4)4(OH)9 · 3H2O
Alⓘ Florencite-(Nd)NdAl3(PO4)2(OH)6
Alⓘ Almandine-Pyrope Series var. RhodoliteMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ PyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ SouzaliteMg3Al4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Alⓘ MarialiteNa4Al3Si9O24Cl
Alⓘ Phlogopite var. Chromium-bearing PhlogopiteK(Mg,Cr)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite(Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4
Alⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Alⓘ K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Alⓘ Osumilite-(Mg)K◻2Mg2Al3[Al2Si10O30]
Alⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Alⓘ GahniteZnAl2O4
Alⓘ Phillipsite-CaCa3(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O
Alⓘ LiddicoatiteCa(Li2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Alⓘ Rossmanite◻(LiAl2)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Alⓘ Ferro-katophoriteNa(CaNa)(Fe42+Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Alⓘ ChloritoidFe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2
Alⓘ Amblygonite-Montebrasite Series
Alⓘ TaranakiteK3Al5(PO3OH)6(PO4)2 · 18H2O
Alⓘ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Alⓘ Biotite var. Titanium-bearing BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Alⓘ Almandine-Pyrope Series
Alⓘ Allanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Alⓘ Axinite-(Mn)Ca2Mn2+Al2BSi4O15(OH)
Alⓘ Gonnardite(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
Alⓘ HarmotomeBa2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O
Alⓘ Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Alⓘ HalotrichiteFe2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Alⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Alⓘ KimzeyiteCa3Zr2(SiO4)(AlO4)2
Alⓘ Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Alⓘ Sodium Amphibole SubgroupA0-1Na2(C2+2-4C3+1-2Li0-1)Σ5(Si8-mAlmO22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Alⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAn(NaCa)(C2+5-mCm3+)(Si8-(n+m+1)Al(n+m-1)O22)V2
Alⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Alⓘ Staurolite var. Lusakite(Fe,Mg,Co)2Al9Si4O23OH
Alⓘ MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ Unnamed (Co2+-dominant analogue of ferrohögbomite-2N2S)[(Co2+,Fe2+,Mg,Al)3(Al,Fe3+,Ti)8O15(OH)]2
Alⓘ Fluoro-pargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22F2
Alⓘ Magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Alⓘ HiboniteCaAl12O19
Alⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Alⓘ KatophoriteNa(CaNa){Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Alⓘ Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAnCa2(C2+5-mCm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))W2
Alⓘ SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Alⓘ GrossmaniteCaTi3+ AlSiO6
Alⓘ Augite var. Fassaite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Alⓘ Stilbite-CaNaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
Alⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Alⓘ HalloysiteAl2Si2O5(OH)4 · n(H2O)
Alⓘ UM1972-05-BiO:AlCaPBi-Ca-Al-P-O
Alⓘ UM1983-18-SiO:AlFeHMg~(Mg,Fe)Al4Si4O12(OH)8
Alⓘ BityiteCaLiAl2(AlBeSi2O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ MulliteAl4+2xSi2-2xO10-x
Alⓘ Phlogopite var. Titanium-bearing PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ EuclaseBeAl(SiO4)(OH)
Alⓘ Amphibole Supergroup var. UraliteAX2Z5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Alⓘ HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Alⓘ EdeniteNaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Alⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Alⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Alⓘ NoseanNa8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4) · H2O
Alⓘ Ferro-edeniteNaCa2Fe52+(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Alⓘ NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Alⓘ Cookeite(LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8
Alⓘ EucryptiteLiAlSiO4
Alⓘ Foitite◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Alⓘ PetaliteLiAl(Si4O10)
Alⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Alⓘ PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Alⓘ Andalusite var. ChiastoliteAl2(SiO4)O
Alⓘ Tschermakite◻Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
SiSilicon
Siⓘ KenyaiteNa2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O
Siⓘ MagadiiteNa2Si14O29 · 11H2O
Siⓘ MakatiteNa2Si4O8(OH)2 · 4H2O
Siⓘ YoderiteMg(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)2O(OH)
Siⓘ Delhayelite(Na,K)10Ca5Al6Si32O80(Cl2,F2,SO4)3 · 18H2O
Siⓘ CombeiteNa4.5Ca3.5Si6O17.5(OH)0.5
Siⓘ GötzeniteNaCa6Ti(Si2O7)2OF3
Siⓘ KirschsteiniteCaFe2+(SiO4)
Siⓘ AndrémeyeriteBaFe22+(Si2O7)
Siⓘ Axinite-(Mg)Ca2MgAl2BSi4O15OH
Siⓘ Alumoåkermanite(CaNa)Al[Si2O7]
Siⓘ HejtmaniteBa2Mn42+Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F2
Siⓘ TrikalsiliteK2NaAl3(SiO4)3
Siⓘ KerimasiteCa3Zr2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Siⓘ Oxo-magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg3(Fe3+2-x,Tix))5(Si6Al2O22)O2
Siⓘ Oxy-draviteNa(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
Siⓘ Grossular var. TsavoriteCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ PalladosilicidePd2Si
Siⓘ Potassic-ferro-ferri-taramiteK(CaNa)(Fe32+Fe23+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Siⓘ EudidymiteNa2Be2Si6O15 · H2O
Siⓘ Caysichite-(Y)(Ca,Yb,Er)4Y4(Si8O20)(CO3)6(OH) · 7H2O
Siⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Siⓘ Microcline var. AmazoniteK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ Dingdaohengite-(Ce)(Ce,La)4Fe2+(Ti,Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8
Siⓘ Zoisite var. Tanzanite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ Quartz var. AmethystSiO2
Siⓘ ArfvedsoniteNaNa2(Fe42+Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2
Siⓘ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Siⓘ Riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)Si8O22(OH)2
Siⓘ QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Siⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Siⓘ Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series
Siⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup(Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
Siⓘ Erionite SubgroupM2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
Siⓘ Clinoptilolite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
Siⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Siⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Siⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ EpididymiteNa2Be2Si6O15 · H2O
Siⓘ Hingganite-(Y)(Y,REE,Ca)2(◻,Fe2+)Be2[SiO4]2(OH)2
Siⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ PolylithioniteKLi2Al(Si4O10)(F,OH)2
Siⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Siⓘ AnniteKFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ ElpiditeNa2ZrSi6O15 · 3H2O
Siⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Siⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Siⓘ ThoriteTh(SiO4)
Siⓘ Quartz var. Smoky QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ BaryliteBe2Ba(Si2O7)
Siⓘ NiobophylliteK2NaFe72+(NbTi)[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4O
Siⓘ MilariteK(◻H2O)Ca2(Be2Al)[Si12O30]
Siⓘ Kainosite-(Y)Ca2Y2(SiO3)4(CO3) · H2O
Siⓘ GenthelviteBe3Zn4(SiO4)3S
Siⓘ HelvineBe3Mn42+(SiO4)3S
Siⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Siⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10
Siⓘ AstrophylliteK2NaFe72+Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F
Siⓘ ZektzeriteLiNaZrSi6O15
Siⓘ Quartz var. Blue QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ Fluoro-riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)(Si8O22)F2
Siⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Siⓘ AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Siⓘ FayaliteFe22+(SiO4)
Siⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Siⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Siⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Siⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Siⓘ AttakoliteCaMn2+Al4(SiO3OH)(PO4)3(OH)4
Siⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Siⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Siⓘ Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Siⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
Siⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ RhodoniteCaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Siⓘ SiderophylliteKFe22+Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ SpodumeneLiAlSi2O6
Siⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Siⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Siⓘ Apophyllite GroupAB4[Si8O20]X · 8H2O
Siⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Siⓘ OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Siⓘ ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Siⓘ Zinnwaldite
Siⓘ Quartz var. Rose QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ Quartz var. ChalcedonySiO2
Siⓘ Quartz var. Rock CrystalSiO2
Siⓘ Zircon var. MalaconZr(SiO4)
Siⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Siⓘ SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Siⓘ Piemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Siⓘ AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Siⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Siⓘ Anthophyllite◻Mg2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ Piemontite-Epidote Series
Siⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Siⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Siⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Siⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Siⓘ SearlesiteNa(H2BSi2O7)
Siⓘ KasolitePb(UO2)(SiO4) · H2O
Siⓘ UranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Siⓘ AloisiiteNa2(Ca,Fe,Mg)5Si2O10 · 2H2O
Siⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Siⓘ MonticelliteCaMg(SiO4)
Siⓘ GehleniteCa2Al[AlSiO7]
Siⓘ ReinhardbraunsiteCa5(SiO4)2(OH,F)2
Siⓘ SpurriteCa5(SiO4)2(CO3)
Siⓘ JenniteCa9(Si3O9)2(OH)8 · 8H2O
Siⓘ ThaumasiteCa3(SO4)[Si(OH)6](CO3) · 12H2O
Siⓘ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Siⓘ StauroliteFe22+Al9Si4O23(OH)
Siⓘ Muscovite-2M2KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Zircon var. CyrtoliteZr[(SiO4),(OH)4]
Siⓘ KalsiliteKAlSiO4
Siⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Siⓘ NacriteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ BaotiteBa4(Ti,Nb,W)8O16(SiO3)4Cl
Siⓘ ForsteriteMg2(SiO4)
Siⓘ Vishnevite(Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) · 2H2O
Siⓘ EckermanniteNaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22(OH)2
Siⓘ HieratiteK2[SiF6]
Siⓘ SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Siⓘ CordieriteMg2Al4Si5O18
Siⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ LeuciteK(AlSi2O6)
Siⓘ UmbrianiteK7Na2Ca2[Al3Si10O29]F2Cl2
Siⓘ CuspidineCa8(Si2O7)2F4
Siⓘ FresnoiteBa2Ti(Si2O7)O
Siⓘ ÅkermaniteCa2Mg[Si2O7]
Siⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Siⓘ ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Siⓘ MesoliteNa2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
Siⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Siⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Siⓘ Heulandite-Ca(Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 26H2O
Siⓘ Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
Siⓘ ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Siⓘ Mukhinite(CaCa)(AlAlV3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Siⓘ Tremolite var. Chrome-Tremolite◻{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ Phlogopite var. Vanadium-bearing phlogopiteK(Mg,V3+)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Dravite var. Chromium-bearing DraviteNa((Mg,Cr)3)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Siⓘ PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Siⓘ Zoisite var. Chrome-Zoisite{Ca2}{Al,Cr3}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Siⓘ Forsterite var. PeridotMg2SiO4
Siⓘ Gedrite◻Mg2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ Fluor-buergerite-Dravite Series
Siⓘ Lamprophyllite(Na,Mn2+)3(Sr,Na)2(Ti,Fe3+)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH,O,F)2
Siⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Siⓘ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Siⓘ Niocalite(Ca,Nb)4(Si2O7)(O,OH,F)2
Siⓘ LarniteCa2SiO4
Siⓘ HaüyneNa3Ca(Si3Al3)O12(SO4)
Siⓘ Andradite var. MelaniteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Siⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Siⓘ Barytolamprophyllite(Ba,Na)2(Na,Ti,Fe3+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O(OH,F)
Siⓘ RhodesiteKHCa2Si8O19 · 5H2O
Siⓘ Melanophlogite46SiO2 · 6(N2,CO2) · 2(CH4,N2)
Siⓘ Perryite(Ni,Fe)5(Si,P)2
Siⓘ ClinoenstatiteMgSiO3
Siⓘ TridymiteSiO2
Siⓘ RoedderiteK(◻Na)Mg2Mg3[Si12O30]
Siⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Siⓘ Beryl var. EmeraldBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Siⓘ SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2O
Siⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Holmquistite◻Li2(Mg3Al2)(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Siⓘ SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ Spodumene var. KunziteLiAlSi2O6
Siⓘ ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Siⓘ Cerite-(CeCa)(Ce7Ca2)◻Mg(SiO4)3(SiO3OH)4(OH)3
Siⓘ NépouiteNi3Si2O5(OH)4
Siⓘ Quartz var. Blue Lace AgateSiO2
Siⓘ PhenakiteBe2SiO4
Siⓘ ChondroditeMg5(SiO4)2F2
Siⓘ Britholite-(Ce)(Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3OH
Siⓘ KupletskiteK2NaMn72+Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F
Siⓘ RosenbuschiteNa6Ca6Zr3Ti(Si2O7)4O2F6
Siⓘ LåveniteNa2Ca2Mn2Zr2(Si2O7)2O2F2
Siⓘ WöhleriteNa2Ca4ZrNb(Si2O7)2O3F
Siⓘ Britholite Group(REE,Ca)5[(Si,P)O4]3X
Siⓘ ClinoferrosiliteFe22+Si2O6
Siⓘ FerrosiliteFe22+Si2O6
Siⓘ Almandine-Pyrope Series var. RhodoliteMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ PyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ Olivine GroupM2SiO4
Siⓘ DanaliteBe3Fe42+(SiO4)3S
Siⓘ KanemiteHNaSi2O5 · 3H2O
Siⓘ Opal var. OpalineSiO2 · nH2O
Siⓘ ClinohumiteMg9(SiO4)4F2
Siⓘ MarialiteNa4Al3Si9O24Cl
Siⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing DiopsideCa(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
Siⓘ Phlogopite var. Chromium-bearing PhlogopiteK(Mg,Cr)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Enstatite var. Bronzite(Mg,Fe2+)2[SiO3]2
Siⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Siⓘ Chevkinite-(Ce)Ce4(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)5O8(Si2O7)2
Siⓘ K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Siⓘ MontdoriteKFe2+1.5Mn2+0.5Mg0.5Si4O10(F,OH)2
Siⓘ Ferro-richteriteNa(CaNa)Fe52+(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ Osumilite-(Mg)K◻2Mg2Al3[Al2Si10O30]
Siⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Siⓘ UvaroviteCa3Cr23+(SiO4)3
Siⓘ Phillipsite-CaCa3(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O
Siⓘ Opal var. Opal-ANSiO2 · nH2O
Siⓘ LiddicoatiteCa(Li2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Siⓘ Rossmanite◻(LiAl2)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Siⓘ TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Si3Fe3+)O10(OH)2
Siⓘ Ferro-katophoriteNa(CaNa)(Fe42+Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ ChloritoidFe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2
Siⓘ BertranditeBe4(Si2O7)(OH)2
Siⓘ CristobaliteSiO2
Siⓘ Allanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ Diopside var. SaliteCaMgSi2O6
Siⓘ Biotite var. Titanium-bearing BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Siⓘ Almandine-Pyrope Series
Siⓘ Allanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Siⓘ Axinite-(Mn)Ca2Mn2+Al2BSi4O15(OH)
Siⓘ SchorlomiteCa3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Siⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Siⓘ Gonnardite(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
Siⓘ Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(OH,F) · 8H2O
Siⓘ HarmotomeBa2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O
Siⓘ Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Siⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Siⓘ SepioliteMg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O
Siⓘ KimzeyiteCa3Zr2(SiO4)(AlO4)2
Siⓘ Magnesio-arfvedsoniteNaNa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ RichteriteNa(CaNa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Siⓘ DanburiteCaB2Si2O8
Siⓘ Sodium Amphibole SubgroupA0-1Na2(C2+2-4C3+1-2Li0-1)Σ5(Si8-mAlmO22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Siⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAn(NaCa)(C2+5-mCm3+)(Si8-(n+m+1)Al(n+m-1)O22)V2
Siⓘ Quartz var. Shocked QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
Siⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Siⓘ Opal var. Prase OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Siⓘ Staurolite var. Lusakite(Fe,Mg,Co)2Al9Si4O23OH
Siⓘ MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Fluoro-pargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22F2
Siⓘ Andradite-Schorlomite Series
Siⓘ Magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Siⓘ SinoiteSi2N2O
Siⓘ Boltwoodite(K,Na)(UO2)(SiO3OH) · 1.5H2O
Siⓘ CoffiniteU(SiO4) · nH2O
Siⓘ Opal var. Opal-CTSiO2 · nH2O
Siⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Siⓘ KatophoriteNa(CaNa){Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAnCa2(C2+5-mCm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))W2
Siⓘ Garnet Group var. Titanium-bearing GarnetX3Z2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Siⓘ GrossmaniteCaTi3+ AlSiO6
Siⓘ TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
Siⓘ Augite var. Fassaite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Siⓘ CronstedtiteFe22+Fe3+((Si,Fe3+)2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ Stilbite-CaNaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
Siⓘ Pigeonite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Siⓘ Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Siⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Siⓘ HalloysiteAl2Si2O5(OH)4 · n(H2O)
Siⓘ LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ UM1983-18-SiO:AlFeHMg~(Mg,Fe)Al4Si4O12(OH)8
Siⓘ BityiteCaLiAl2(AlBeSi2O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ MulliteAl4+2xSi2-2xO10-x
Siⓘ Phlogopite var. Titanium-bearing PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ EuclaseBeAl(SiO4)(OH)
Siⓘ Amphibole Supergroup var. UraliteAX2Z5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Siⓘ Quartz var. AgateSiO2
Siⓘ HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Siⓘ Augite var. Ferroaugite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Siⓘ WilkinsoniteNa2Fe42+Fe23+(Si6O18)O2
Siⓘ EdeniteNaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Siⓘ Augite var. Ferrohedenbergite(Ca,Mg,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Si2O6
Siⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Siⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Siⓘ NoseanNa8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4) · H2O
Siⓘ Ferro-edeniteNaCa2Fe52+(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Siⓘ Hedenbergite var. FerrosaliteCaFe2+Si2O6
Siⓘ Nacareniobsite-(Ce)Na3Ca3(Ce,REE)Nb(Si2O7)2OF3
Siⓘ NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Siⓘ Cookeite(LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8
Siⓘ EucryptiteLiAlSiO4
Siⓘ Foitite◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Siⓘ PetaliteLiAl(Si4O10)
Siⓘ GlaucochroiteCaMn2+(SiO4)
Siⓘ PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Siⓘ ThortveititeSc2Si2O7
Siⓘ MorimotoiteCa3(TiFe2+)(SiO4)3
Siⓘ Quartz var. Milky QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ Andalusite var. ChiastoliteAl2(SiO4)O
Siⓘ Opal var. Opal-ASiO2 · nH2O
Siⓘ ManganoneptuniteKNa2Li(Mn2+)2Ti2[Si4O12]2
Siⓘ TilleyiteCa5(Si2O7)(CO3)2
Siⓘ Tschermakite◻Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ MoissaniteSiC
PPhosphorus
Pⓘ Ferrorosemaryite◻NaFe2+Fe3+Al(PO4)3
Pⓘ BertossaiteLi2CaAl4(PO4)4(OH)4
Pⓘ BurangaiteNaFe2+Al5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Pⓘ GatumbaiteCaAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 · H2O
Pⓘ AlthupiteAlTh(UO2)7(PO4)4(OH)5O2 · 15H2O
Pⓘ KamitugaitePbAl[(UO2)5(PO4)2.38(AsO4)0.62O2(OH)2] · 11.5H2O
Pⓘ RanunculiteHAl(UO2)(PO4)(OH)3 · 4H2O
Pⓘ UpaliteAl(UO2)3(PO4)2O(OH) · 7H2O
Pⓘ EylettersiteTh0.75Al3(PO4)2(OH)6
Pⓘ MoreauiteAl3(UO2)(PO4)3(OH)2 · 13H2O
Pⓘ MunditeAl(UO2)3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5.5H2O
Pⓘ ThreadgolditeAl(UO2)2(PO4)2(OH) · 8H2O
Pⓘ TrianguliteAl3(UO2)4(PO4)4(OH)5 · 5H2O
Pⓘ MetavanmeersscheiteU6+(UO2)3(PO4)2(OH)6 · 2H2O
Pⓘ PhuralumiteAl2[(UO2)3(PO4)2O(OH)](OH)3(H2O)9
Pⓘ VanmeersscheiteU6+(UO2)3(PO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O
Pⓘ KobokoboiteAl6(PO4)4(OH)6 · 11H2O
Pⓘ Meta-ankoleiteK2(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Pⓘ Jörgkellerite(Na,◻)3Mn33+(PO4)2(CO3)(O,OH)2 · 5H2O
Pⓘ IsokiteCaMg(PO4)F
Pⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Pⓘ TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Pⓘ Monazite-(Ce)Ce(PO4)
Pⓘ Xenotime-(Y)Y(PO4)
Pⓘ Rhabdophane-(Ce)Ce(PO4) · 0.6H2O
Pⓘ Rhabdophane-(La)La(PO4) · H2O
Pⓘ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
Pⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3A
Pⓘ Churchite-(Y)Y(PO4) · 2H2O
Pⓘ Rhabdophane-(Nd)Nd(PO4) · H2O
Pⓘ Monazite-(La)La(PO4)
Pⓘ PhosphosideriteFePO4 · 2H2O
Pⓘ Alluaudite(Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3
Pⓘ AugeliteAl2(PO4)(OH)3
Pⓘ LithiophiliteLiMn2+PO4
Pⓘ FillowiteNa3CaMn112+(PO4)9
Pⓘ TriphyliteLiFe2+PO4
Pⓘ Rosemaryite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe2+)(Fe3+,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Pⓘ Wyllieite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Pⓘ BarbosaliteFe2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2
Pⓘ BerliniteAlPO4
Pⓘ BermaniteMn2+Mn23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
Pⓘ AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
Pⓘ LazuliteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2
Pⓘ ScorzaliteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2
Pⓘ CrandalliteCaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Pⓘ TrolleiteAl4(PO4)3(OH)3
Pⓘ BrazilianiteNaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4
Pⓘ StrengiteFePO4 · 2H2O
Pⓘ LacroixiteNaAl(PO4)F
Pⓘ Samuelsonite(Ca,Ba)Ca8Fe22+Mn22+Al2(PO4)10(OH)2
Pⓘ Bjarebyite(Ba,Sr)(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2Al2(PO4)3(OH)3
Pⓘ PurpuriteMn3+(PO4)
Pⓘ SerrabrancaiteMnPO4 · H2O
Pⓘ AttakoliteCaMn2+Al4(SiO3OH)(PO4)3(OH)4
Pⓘ AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O
Pⓘ CacoxeniteFe243+AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O
Pⓘ EosphoriteMn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
Pⓘ Triphylite var. FerrisickleriteLi1-x(Fex3+Fe2+1-x)PO4
Pⓘ Frondelite(Mn2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe33+(PO4)3(OH)5
Pⓘ HeterositeFe3+(PO4)
Pⓘ HureauliteMn52+(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O
Pⓘ LipscombiteFe2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2
Pⓘ Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite(Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH)
Pⓘ Monazite GroupREE(PO4)
Pⓘ Lithiophilite var. SickleriteLi1-x(Mnx3+Mn2+1-x)PO4
Pⓘ StewartiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
Pⓘ TavoriteLiFe3+(PO4)(OH)
Pⓘ TripliteMn22+(PO4)F
Pⓘ VarisciteAlPO4 · 2H2O
Pⓘ VaruliteNaCaMn2+Mn22+(PO4)3
Pⓘ VivianiteFe2+Fe22+(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Pⓘ WavelliteAl3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
Pⓘ GraftoniteFe2+Fe22+(PO4)2
Pⓘ MitridatiteCa2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Pⓘ Alluaudite-Na[]◻4Na4Mn42+Fe83+(PO4)12
Pⓘ Stanĕkite(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Fe3+(PO4)O
Pⓘ ChildreniteFe2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
Pⓘ DufréniteCa0.5Fe2+Fe53+(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Pⓘ GriphiteNa4Li2Ca6(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)19Al8(PO4)24(F,OH)8
Pⓘ LandesiteMn2+3-xFex3+(PO4)2(OH)x · (3-x)H2O
Pⓘ LeucophosphiteKFe23+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O
Pⓘ MontebrasiteLiAl(PO4)(OH)
Pⓘ Rockbridgeite(Fe2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe33+(PO4)3(OH)5
Pⓘ WarditeNaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
Pⓘ Sigismundite(Ba◻)(Fe2+◻)Ca(Na2◻)Fe132+Al(PO4)11(PO3OH)(OH)2
Pⓘ Lazulite-Scorzalite Series
Pⓘ Arrojadite GroupA2E2CaNa2+xM13R(PO3OH)1-x(PO4)11W2
Pⓘ UM1982-08-PO:FeHMnFeMnPO5 · 2H2O
Pⓘ Gormanite(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Pⓘ SvanbergiteSrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Pⓘ GoyaziteSrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Pⓘ HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
Pⓘ DumontitePb2(UO2)3O2(PO4)2 · 5H2O
Pⓘ FurongiteAl13(UO2)7(PO4)13(OH)14 · 58H2O
Pⓘ Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Pⓘ PhosphuranyliteKCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O
Pⓘ SaléeiteMg(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10H2O
Pⓘ KivuiteTh(UO2)4(PO3OH)2(OH)8 · 7H2O
Pⓘ BenauiteSrFe33+(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Pⓘ KeckiteCaMn2+(Fe3+Mn2+)Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)3 · 7H2O
Pⓘ PlaneriteAl6(PO4)2(PO3OH)2(OH)8 · 4H2O
Pⓘ EvansiteAl3(PO4)(OH)6 · 6H2O
Pⓘ AfmiteAl3(OH)4(H2O)3(PO4)(PO3OH) · H2O
Pⓘ BolivariteAl2(PO4)(OH)3 · 4-5H2O
Pⓘ Grayite(Th,Pb,Ca)(PO4) · H2O
Pⓘ UM2006-01-COPO:FNa(Na,◻)5(PO4)(CO3,F,Cl)
Pⓘ Perryite(Ni,Fe)5(Si,P)2
Pⓘ Schreibersite(Fe,Ni)3P
Pⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich FluorapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
Pⓘ WaylanditeBiAl3(PO4)2(OH)6
Pⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)(Sr,Ca,Ba)3(Ce,La)(CO3)3-x(PO4)(OH,F)2x
Pⓘ Rhabdophane Group(REE,Ca,Th)(PO4) · H2O
Pⓘ JohnsomervilleiteNa3CaFe11(PO4)9
Pⓘ SarcopsideFe32+(PO4)2
Pⓘ Ferroalluaudite(Na,Ca)Fe2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)3
Pⓘ Millisite(Na,K)CaAl6(PO4)4(OH)9 · 3H2O
Pⓘ Florencite-(Nd)NdAl3(PO4)2(OH)6
Pⓘ FluorstrophiteSrCaSr3(PO4)3F
Pⓘ Britholite Group(REE,Ca)5[(Si,P)O4]3X
Pⓘ HagendorfiteNaCaMn2+Fe22+(PO4)3
Pⓘ CyriloviteNaFe33+(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
Pⓘ SouzaliteMg3Al4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Pⓘ Amblygonite-Montebrasite Series
Pⓘ Hannayite(NH4)2Mg3H4(PO4)4 · 8H2O
Pⓘ NewberyiteMg(PO3OH) · 3H2O
Pⓘ BrushiteCa(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Pⓘ TaranakiteK3Al5(PO3OH)6(PO4)2 · 18H2O
Pⓘ AnapaiteCa2Fe2+(PO4)2 · 4H2O
Pⓘ Stercorite(NH4)Na(PO3OH) · 4H2O
Pⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
Pⓘ WhitlockiteCa9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)
Pⓘ ChlorapatiteCa5(PO4)3Cl
Pⓘ MerrilliteCa9NaMg(PO4)7
Pⓘ UM1972-05-BiO:AlCaPBi-Ca-Al-P-O
Pⓘ BobierriteMg3(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Pⓘ PseudomalachiteCu5(PO4)2(OH)4
Pⓘ PhurcaliteCa2(UO2)3(PO4)2O2 · 7H2O
Pⓘ Dittmarite(NH4)Mg(PO4) · H2O
SSulfur
Sⓘ Delhayelite(Na,K)10Ca5Al6Si32O80(Cl2,F2,SO4)3 · 18H2O
Sⓘ MerelaniiteMo4Pb4VSbS15
Sⓘ RichardsiteZn2CuGaS4
Sⓘ DjerfisheriteK6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
Sⓘ EugsteriteNa4Ca(SO4)3 · 2H2O
Sⓘ AlabanditeMnS
Sⓘ Wurtzite(Zn,Fe)S
Sⓘ PyriteFeS2
Sⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Sⓘ BismuthiniteBi2S3
Sⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sⓘ MolybdeniteMoS2
Sⓘ CosalitePb2Bi2S5
Sⓘ GalenaPbS
Sⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Sⓘ GenthelviteBe3Zn4(SiO4)3S
Sⓘ SphaleriteZnS
Sⓘ HelvineBe3Mn42+(SiO4)3S
Sⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Sⓘ MarcasiteFeS2
Sⓘ SvanbergiteSrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Sⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Sⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Sⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Sⓘ ThaumasiteCa3(SO4)[Si(OH)6](CO3) · 12H2O
Sⓘ StanniteCu2FeSnS4
Sⓘ CelestineSrSO4
Sⓘ Vishnevite(Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) · 2H2O
Sⓘ TroiliteFeS
Sⓘ AphthitaliteK3Na(SO4)2
Sⓘ ThénarditeNa2SO4
Sⓘ ColusiteCu13VAs3S16
Sⓘ GermanocolusiteCu26V2(Ge,As)6S32
Sⓘ MilleriteNiS
Sⓘ GravegliaiteMn2+SO3 · 3H2O
Sⓘ Wurtzite-4HZnS
Sⓘ Native SulphurS8
Sⓘ KogarkoiteNa3(SO4)F
Sⓘ SchaireriteNa21(SO4)7ClF6
Sⓘ HaüyneNa3Ca(Si3Al3)O12(SO4)
Sⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Sⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Sⓘ UM1997-44-S:FeKK1-2Fe2-3S3-4
Sⓘ RasvumiteKFe2S3
Sⓘ NiningeriteMgS
Sⓘ DaubréeliteFe2+Cr23+S4
Sⓘ OldhamiteCaS
Sⓘ SiegeniteCoNi2S4
Sⓘ Pyrite var. Cobalt-bearing Pyrite(Fe,Co)S2
Sⓘ LinnaeiteCo2+Co23+S4
Sⓘ GersdorffiteNiAsS
Sⓘ BournonitePbCuSbS3
Sⓘ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
Sⓘ ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
Sⓘ LaitakariteBi4(Se,S)3
Sⓘ ArgentopentlanditeAg(Fe,Ni)8S8
Sⓘ UllmanniteNiSbS
Sⓘ CubaniteCuFe2S3
Sⓘ BoulangeritePb5Sb4S11
Sⓘ Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
Sⓘ JordanitePb14As6S23
Sⓘ OrpimentAs2S3
Sⓘ MackinawiteFeS
Sⓘ MeneghinitePb13CuSb7S24
Sⓘ DufrénoysitePb2As2S5
Sⓘ BorniteCu5FeS4
Sⓘ StibniteSb2S3
Sⓘ DanaliteBe3Fe42+(SiO4)3S
Sⓘ TychiteNa6Mg2(CO3)4(SO4)
Sⓘ BurkeiteNa6(CO3)(SO4)2
Sⓘ ArcaniteK2SO4
Sⓘ HanksiteNa22K(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl
Sⓘ KieseriteMgSO4 · H2O
Sⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Sⓘ LauriteRuS2
Sⓘ CobaltiteCoAsS
Sⓘ PolydymiteNi2+Ni23+S4
Sⓘ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Sⓘ Mascagnite(NH4)2SO4
Sⓘ ChalcociteCu2S
Sⓘ DigeniteCu9S5
Sⓘ CovelliteCuS
Sⓘ DolerophaniteCu2(SO4)O
Sⓘ ChalcocyaniteCuSO4
Sⓘ EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
Sⓘ HexahydriteMg(H2O)6(SO4)
Sⓘ MirabiliteNa2SO4 · 10H2O
Sⓘ PolyhaliteK2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O
Sⓘ SyngeniteK2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
Sⓘ HalotrichiteFe2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Sⓘ BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Sⓘ Mohrite(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Sⓘ Lonecreekite(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Sⓘ SulphohaliteNa6(SO4)2FCl
Sⓘ CobaltpentlanditeCo9S8
Sⓘ TochiliniteFe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10
Sⓘ HeazlewooditeNi3S2
Sⓘ AcanthiteAg2S
Sⓘ CooperitePtS
Sⓘ GudmunditeFeSbS
Sⓘ VysotskitePdS
Sⓘ UM1975-16-SO:HKZnK2Zn(SO4)2 · 2H2O
Sⓘ ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
Sⓘ AnglesitePbSO4
Sⓘ Tennantite-Tetrahedrite Series
Sⓘ Smythite(Fe,Ni)3+xS4 (x=0-0.3)
Sⓘ Pyrite var. Bravoite(Fe,Ni)S2
Sⓘ GreenockiteCdS
Sⓘ ParkeriteNi3(Bi,Pb)2S2
Sⓘ Ruarsite(Ru,Os)AsS
Sⓘ NoseanNa8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4) · H2O
Sⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Sⓘ Pyrite var. Arsenic-bearing PyriteFe(S,As)2
Sⓘ ChlorbartoniteK6Fe24S26(Cl,S)
Sⓘ GreigiteFe2+Fe23+S4
Sⓘ HawleyiteCdS
ClChlorine
Clⓘ Delhayelite(Na,K)10Ca5Al6Si32O80(Cl2,F2,SO4)3 · 18H2O
Clⓘ DjerfisheriteK6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
Clⓘ NorthupiteNa3Mg(CO3)2Cl
Clⓘ HaliteNaCl
Clⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Clⓘ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
Clⓘ Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite(Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH)
Clⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Clⓘ BaotiteBa4(Ti,Nb,W)8O16(SiO3)4Cl
Clⓘ SylviteKCl
Clⓘ UmbrianiteK7Na2Ca2[Al3Si10O29]F2Cl2
Clⓘ SchaireriteNa21(SO4)7ClF6
Clⓘ UM2006-01-COPO:FNa(Na,◻)5(PO4)(CO3,F,Cl)
Clⓘ HanksiteNa22K(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl
Clⓘ MarialiteNa4Al3Si9O24Cl
Clⓘ SalammoniacNH4Cl
Clⓘ SulphohaliteNa6(SO4)2FCl
Clⓘ Sodium Amphibole SubgroupA0-1Na2(C2+2-4C3+1-2Li0-1)Σ5(Si8-mAlmO22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Clⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Clⓘ ChlorapatiteCa5(PO4)3Cl
Clⓘ Amphibole Supergroup var. UraliteAX2Z5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Clⓘ ChlorbartoniteK6Fe24S26(Cl,S)
KPotassium
Kⓘ Delhayelite(Na,K)10Ca5Al6Si32O80(Cl2,F2,SO4)3 · 18H2O
Kⓘ Rankamaite(Na,K)3(Ta,Nb,Al)11(O,OH)31
Kⓘ Meta-ankoleiteK2(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Kⓘ Gregoryite(Na2,K2,Ca)CO3
Kⓘ DjerfisheriteK6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
Kⓘ TrikalsiliteK2NaAl3(SiO4)3
Kⓘ Potassic-ferro-ferri-taramiteK(CaNa)(Fe32+Fe23+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Kⓘ Microcline var. AmazoniteK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Kⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup(Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
Kⓘ Clinoptilolite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
Kⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ PolylithioniteKLi2Al(Si4O10)(F,OH)2
Kⓘ AnniteKFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ NiobophylliteK2NaFe72+(NbTi)[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4O
Kⓘ MilariteK(◻H2O)Ca2(Be2Al)[Si12O30]
Kⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Kⓘ AstrophylliteK2NaFe72+Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F
Kⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Kⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ SiderophylliteKFe22+Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ CryptomelaneK(Mn74+Mn3+)O16
Kⓘ LeucophosphiteKFe23+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O
Kⓘ Zinnwaldite
Kⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Kⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Kⓘ PhosphuranyliteKCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O
Kⓘ Muscovite-2M2KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ KalsiliteKAlSiO4
Kⓘ Vishnevite(Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) · 2H2O
Kⓘ AphthitaliteK3Na(SO4)2
Kⓘ ElpasoliteK2NaAlF6
Kⓘ SylviteKCl
Kⓘ HieratiteK2[SiF6]
Kⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ LeuciteK(AlSi2O6)
Kⓘ UmbrianiteK7Na2Ca2[Al3Si10O29]F2Cl2
Kⓘ Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
Kⓘ Phlogopite var. Vanadium-bearing phlogopiteK(Mg,V3+)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ KaliciniteKHCO3
Kⓘ UM1995-02-CO:BaCaClFKMgNaSr(Na2,Ba,Ca,Sr,Mg,K2)(CO3)
Kⓘ UM1997-44-S:FeKK1-2Fe2-3S3-4
Kⓘ RasvumiteKFe2S3
Kⓘ RhodesiteKHCa2Si8O19 · 5H2O
Kⓘ RoedderiteK(◻Na)Mg2Mg3[Si12O30]
Kⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ Millisite(Na,K)CaAl6(PO4)4(OH)9 · 3H2O
Kⓘ KupletskiteK2NaMn72+Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F
Kⓘ ArcaniteK2SO4
Kⓘ HanksiteNa22K(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl
Kⓘ Phlogopite var. Chromium-bearing PhlogopiteK(Mg,Cr)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Kⓘ MontdoriteKFe2+1.5Mn2+0.5Mg0.5Si4O10(F,OH)2
Kⓘ Osumilite-(Mg)K◻2Mg2Al3[Al2Si10O30]
Kⓘ TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Si3Fe3+)O10(OH)2
Kⓘ TaranakiteK3Al5(PO3OH)6(PO4)2 · 18H2O
Kⓘ Biotite var. Titanium-bearing BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Kⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Kⓘ Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(OH,F) · 8H2O
Kⓘ PolyhaliteK2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O
Kⓘ SyngeniteK2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
Kⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
Kⓘ Boltwoodite(K,Na)(UO2)(SiO3OH) · 1.5H2O
Kⓘ TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
Kⓘ UM1975-16-SO:HKZnK2Zn(SO4)2 · 2H2O
Kⓘ Phlogopite var. Titanium-bearing PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Kⓘ ManganoneptuniteKNa2Li(Mn2+)2Ti2[Si4O12]2
Kⓘ ChlorbartoniteK6Fe24S26(Cl,S)
Kⓘ ParascandolaiteKMgF3
CaCalcium
Caⓘ BertossaiteLi2CaAl4(PO4)4(OH)4
Caⓘ GatumbaiteCaAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 · H2O
Caⓘ Delhayelite(Na,K)10Ca5Al6Si32O80(Cl2,F2,SO4)3 · 18H2O
Caⓘ CombeiteNa4.5Ca3.5Si6O17.5(OH)0.5
Caⓘ GötzeniteNaCa6Ti(Si2O7)2OF3
Caⓘ KirschsteiniteCaFe2+(SiO4)
Caⓘ Axinite-(Mg)Ca2MgAl2BSi4O15OH
Caⓘ Gregoryite(Na2,K2,Ca)CO3
Caⓘ NyerereiteNa2Ca(CO3)2
Caⓘ Alumoåkermanite(CaNa)Al[Si2O7]
Caⓘ IsokiteCaMg(PO4)F
Caⓘ EugsteriteNa4Ca(SO4)3 · 2H2O
Caⓘ KerimasiteCa3Zr2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Caⓘ Oxo-magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg3(Fe3+2-x,Tix))5(Si6Al2O22)O2
Caⓘ Grossular var. TsavoriteCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Caⓘ Potassic-ferro-ferri-taramiteK(CaNa)(Fe32+Fe23+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ Parisite-(Ce)CaCe2(CO3)3F2
Caⓘ Caysichite-(Y)(Ca,Yb,Er)4Y4(Si8O20)(CO3)6(OH) · 7H2O
Caⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Caⓘ Zoisite var. Tanzanite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Caⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Caⓘ ScheeliteCa(WO4)
Caⓘ UhligiteCa3(Ti,Al,Zr)9O20 ?
Caⓘ Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series
Caⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup(Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
Caⓘ Clinoptilolite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)3-6[Al6-7Si29-30O72] · 20H2O
Caⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Caⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caⓘ Hingganite-(Y)(Y,REE,Ca)2(◻,Fe2+)Be2[SiO4]2(OH)2
Caⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Caⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Caⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Caⓘ MilariteK(◻H2O)Ca2(Be2Al)[Si12O30]
Caⓘ Kainosite-(Y)Ca2Y2(SiO3)4(CO3) · H2O
Caⓘ FluoriteCaF2
Caⓘ Synchysite-(Ce)CaCe(CO3)2F
Caⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Caⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3A
Caⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Caⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Caⓘ Alluaudite(Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3
Caⓘ FillowiteNa3CaMn112+(PO4)9
Caⓘ Rosemaryite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe2+)(Fe3+,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Caⓘ Wyllieite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Caⓘ CrandalliteCaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Caⓘ Samuelsonite(Ca,Ba)Ca8Fe22+Mn22+Al2(PO4)10(OH)2
Caⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Caⓘ AttakoliteCaMn2+Al4(SiO3OH)(PO4)3(OH)4
Caⓘ AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O
Caⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Caⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2
Caⓘ Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite(Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH)
Caⓘ RhodoniteCaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Caⓘ VaruliteNaCaMn2+Mn22+(PO4)3
Caⓘ MitridatiteCa2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Caⓘ Vernadite(Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
Caⓘ DufréniteCa0.5Fe2+Fe53+(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Caⓘ GriphiteNa4Li2Ca6(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)19Al8(PO4)24(F,OH)8
Caⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Caⓘ Sigismundite(Ba◻)(Fe2+◻)Ca(Na2◻)Fe132+Al(PO4)11(PO3OH)(OH)2
Caⓘ Arrojadite GroupA2E2CaNa2+xM13R(PO3OH)1-x(PO4)11W2
Caⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Caⓘ FersmiteCaNb2O6
Caⓘ Piemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caⓘ Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Caⓘ Piemontite-Epidote Series
Caⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Caⓘ GaylussiteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 5H2O
Caⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Caⓘ UranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Caⓘ AloisiiteNa2(Ca,Fe,Mg)5Si2O10 · 2H2O
Caⓘ MonticelliteCaMg(SiO4)
Caⓘ GehleniteCa2Al[AlSiO7]
Caⓘ ReinhardbraunsiteCa5(SiO4)2(OH,F)2
Caⓘ SpurriteCa5(SiO4)2(CO3)
Caⓘ HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
Caⓘ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Caⓘ JenniteCa9(Si3O9)2(OH)8 · 8H2O
Caⓘ ThaumasiteCa3(SO4)[Si(OH)6](CO3) · 12H2O
Caⓘ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Caⓘ Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Caⓘ PhosphuranyliteKCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O
Caⓘ KeckiteCaMn2+(Fe3+Mn2+)Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)3 · 7H2O
Caⓘ ParisiteCa(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
Caⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
Caⓘ UmbrianiteK7Na2Ca2[Al3Si10O29]F2Cl2
Caⓘ CuspidineCa8(Si2O7)2F4
Caⓘ ÅkermaniteCa2Mg[Si2O7]
Caⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Caⓘ ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Caⓘ MesoliteNa2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
Caⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Caⓘ Heulandite-Ca(Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 26H2O
Caⓘ Mukhinite(CaCa)(AlAlV3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caⓘ PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Caⓘ Tremolite var. Chrome-Tremolite◻{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ PargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Caⓘ Zoisite var. Chrome-Zoisite{Ca2}{Al,Cr3}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Caⓘ Grayite(Th,Pb,Ca)(PO4) · H2O
Caⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Caⓘ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Caⓘ Niocalite(Ca,Nb)4(Si2O7)(O,OH,F)2
Caⓘ LarniteCa2SiO4
Caⓘ HaüyneNa3Ca(Si3Al3)O12(SO4)
Caⓘ Andradite var. MelaniteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Caⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Caⓘ MonohydrocalciteCaCO3 · H2O
Caⓘ PirssoniteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Caⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Caⓘ ShortiteNa2Ca2(CO3)3
Caⓘ UM1995-02-CO:BaCaClFKMgNaSr(Na2,Ba,Ca,Sr,Mg,K2)(CO3)
Caⓘ RhodesiteKHCa2Si8O19 · 5H2O
Caⓘ OldhamiteCaS
Caⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich FluorapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
Caⓘ Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
Caⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Caⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)(Sr,Ca,Ba)3(Ce,La)(CO3)3-x(PO4)(OH,F)2x
Caⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
Caⓘ Pyrochlore Group var. Uranpyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Ce)2(Nb,Ti,Ta)2O6(OH,F)
Caⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
Caⓘ Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Caⓘ Cerite-(CeCa)(Ce7Ca2)◻Mg(SiO4)3(SiO3OH)4(OH)3
Caⓘ Rhabdophane Group(REE,Ca,Th)(PO4) · H2O
Caⓘ JohnsomervilleiteNa3CaFe11(PO4)9
Caⓘ Ferroalluaudite(Na,Ca)Fe2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)3
Caⓘ Millisite(Na,K)CaAl6(PO4)4(OH)9 · 3H2O
Caⓘ Britholite-(Ce)(Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3OH
Caⓘ RosenbuschiteNa6Ca6Zr3Ti(Si2O7)4O2F6
Caⓘ LåveniteNa2Ca2Mn2Zr2(Si2O7)2O2F2
Caⓘ WöhleriteNa2Ca4ZrNb(Si2O7)2O3F
Caⓘ FluorstrophiteSrCaSr3(PO4)3F
Caⓘ Burbankite(Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5
Caⓘ Britholite Group(REE,Ca)5[(Si,P)O4]3X
Caⓘ PowelliteCa(MoO4)
Caⓘ HagendorfiteNaCaMn2+Fe22+(PO4)3
Caⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing DiopsideCa(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
Caⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Caⓘ Ferro-richteriteNa(CaNa)Fe52+(Si8O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ UvaroviteCa3Cr23+(SiO4)3
Caⓘ Phillipsite-CaCa3(Si10Al6)O32 · 12H2O
Caⓘ LiddicoatiteCa(Li2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Caⓘ Ferro-katophoriteNa(CaNa)(Fe42+Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ BrushiteCa(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Caⓘ Synchysite-(Y)CaY(CO3)2F
Caⓘ Diopside var. SaliteCaMgSi2O6
Caⓘ Allanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Caⓘ Axinite-(Mn)Ca2Mn2+Al2BSi4O15(OH)
Caⓘ AnapaiteCa2Fe2+(PO4)2 · 4H2O
Caⓘ SchorlomiteCa3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Caⓘ Gonnardite(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
Caⓘ Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(OH,F) · 8H2O
Caⓘ Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Caⓘ PolyhaliteK2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O
Caⓘ SyngeniteK2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
Caⓘ KimzeyiteCa3Zr2(SiO4)(AlO4)2
Caⓘ RichteriteNa(CaNa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
Caⓘ Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Caⓘ DanburiteCaB2Si2O8
Caⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAn(NaCa)(C2+5-mCm3+)(Si8-(n+m+1)Al(n+m-1)O22)V2
Caⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
Caⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Caⓘ MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Caⓘ Fluoro-pargasiteNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22F2
Caⓘ Andradite-Schorlomite Series
Caⓘ Magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Caⓘ HiboniteCaAl12O19
Caⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. HornblendeAnCa2(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)2
Caⓘ KatophoriteNa(CaNa){Mg4Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAnCa2(C2+5-mCm3+)(Si8-(n+m)Al(n+m))W2
Caⓘ SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Caⓘ GrossmaniteCaTi3+ AlSiO6
Caⓘ Augite var. Fassaite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Caⓘ Stilbite-CaNaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
Caⓘ WhitlockiteCa9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)
Caⓘ ChlorapatiteCa5(PO4)3Cl
Caⓘ Pigeonite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Caⓘ MerrilliteCa9NaMg(PO4)7
Caⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Caⓘ UM1972-05-BiO:AlCaPBi-Ca-Al-P-O
Caⓘ BityiteCaLiAl2(AlBeSi2O10)(OH)2
Caⓘ CalzirtiteCa2Zr5Ti2O16
Caⓘ Oxynatropyrochlore(Na,Ca,U)2Nb2O6(O,OH)
Caⓘ Calcite var. Mg-rich Calcite(Ca,Mg)CO3
Caⓘ PhurcaliteCa2(UO2)3(PO4)2O2 · 7H2O
Caⓘ HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Caⓘ Augite var. Ferroaugite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Caⓘ EdeniteNaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Caⓘ Augite var. Ferrohedenbergite(Ca,Mg,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Si2O6
Caⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Caⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Caⓘ Ferro-edeniteNaCa2Fe52+(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Caⓘ Hedenbergite var. FerrosaliteCaFe2+Si2O6
Caⓘ Fluorite var. Yttrofluorite(Ca1-xYx)F2+x where 0.05 < x < 0.3
Caⓘ Nacareniobsite-(Ce)Na3Ca3(Ce,REE)Nb(Si2O7)2OF3
Caⓘ WhewelliteCa(C2O4) · H2O
Caⓘ WeddelliteCa(C2O4) · (2.5-x)H2O
Caⓘ GlaucochroiteCaMn2+(SiO4)
Caⓘ LatrappiteCa2NbFe3+O6
Caⓘ MorimotoiteCa3(TiFe2+)(SiO4)3
Caⓘ Calcite var. Iron-bearing Calcite(Ca,Fe)CO3
Caⓘ TilleyiteCa5(Si2O7)(CO3)2
Caⓘ Tschermakite◻Ca2(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ CavoiteCaV34+O7
ScScandium
Scⓘ ThortveititeSc2Si2O7
TiTitanium
Tiⓘ BerdesinskiiteV23+TiO5
Tiⓘ SchreyeriteV23+Ti34+O9
Tiⓘ Magnesiohögbomite-2N3S[(Mg,Fe2+,Zn)4(Al,Ti,Fe3+)10O19(OH)]2
Tiⓘ GötzeniteNaCa6Ti(Si2O7)2OF3
Tiⓘ HejtmaniteBa2Mn42+Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F2
Tiⓘ Magnesiohögbomite-6N6S[(Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Ti,Fe3+)8O15(OH)]6
Tiⓘ Oxo-magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg3(Fe3+2-x,Tix))5(Si6Al2O22)O2
Tiⓘ Dingdaohengite-(Ce)(Ce,La)4Fe2+(Ti,Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8
Tiⓘ RutileTiO2
Tiⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Tiⓘ UhligiteCa3(Ti,Al,Zr)9O20 ?
Tiⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Tiⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Tiⓘ NiobophylliteK2NaFe72+(NbTi)[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4O
Tiⓘ PyrophaniteMn2+TiO3
Tiⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile(Ti,Nb)O2
Tiⓘ AstrophylliteK2NaFe72+Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F
Tiⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Tiⓘ AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Tiⓘ PseudobrookiteFe2TiO5
Tiⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing MagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Tiⓘ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Tiⓘ BaotiteBa4(Ti,Nb,W)8O16(SiO3)4Cl
Tiⓘ FresnoiteBa2Ti(Si2O7)O
Tiⓘ Lamprophyllite(Na,Mn2+)3(Sr,Na)2(Ti,Fe3+)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH,O,F)2
Tiⓘ Barytolamprophyllite(Ba,Na)2(Na,Ti,Fe3+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O(OH,F)
Tiⓘ Ilmenite var. Manganese-bearing Ilmenite(Fe,Mn)2+TiO3
Tiⓘ Ilmenite-Pyrophanite Series
Tiⓘ Rutile var. Niobium-bearing Rutile(Ti,Nb)O2
Tiⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
Tiⓘ Pyrochlore Group var. Uranpyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Ce)2(Nb,Ti,Ta)2O6(OH,F)
Tiⓘ Betafite GroupA2(Ti,Nb)2O6Z
Tiⓘ KupletskiteK2NaMn72+Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F
Tiⓘ RosenbuschiteNa6Ca6Zr3Ti(Si2O7)4O2F6
Tiⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Tiⓘ Chevkinite-(Ce)Ce4(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)5O8(Si2O7)2
Tiⓘ Davidite-(La)La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
Tiⓘ Biotite var. Titanium-bearing BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Tiⓘ SchorlomiteCa3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Tiⓘ Unnamed (Co2+-dominant analogue of ferrohögbomite-2N2S)[(Co2+,Fe2+,Mg,Al)3(Al,Fe3+,Ti)8O15(OH)]2
Tiⓘ Andradite-Schorlomite Series
Tiⓘ Tanteuxenite-(Y)Y(Ta,Nb,Ti)2(O,OH)6
Tiⓘ GrossmaniteCaTi3+ AlSiO6
Tiⓘ Augite var. Fassaite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Tiⓘ CalzirtiteCa2Zr5Ti2O16
Tiⓘ AnataseTiO2
Tiⓘ Amphibole Supergroup var. UraliteAX2Z5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Tiⓘ BrookiteTiO2
Tiⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Tiⓘ UlvöspinelTiFe22+O4
Tiⓘ MorimotoiteCa3(TiFe2+)(SiO4)3
Tiⓘ ManganoneptuniteKNa2Li(Mn2+)2Ti2[Si4O12]2
Tiⓘ OsborniteTiN
VVanadium
Vⓘ BerdesinskiiteV23+TiO5
Vⓘ SchreyeriteV23+Ti34+O9
Vⓘ MerelaniiteMo4Pb4VSbS15
Vⓘ Wakefieldite-(Ce)Ce(VO4)
Vⓘ KarelianiteV23+O3
Vⓘ Mukhinite(CaCa)(AlAlV3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Vⓘ ColusiteCu13VAs3S16
Vⓘ GermanocolusiteCu26V2(Ge,As)6S32
Vⓘ Phlogopite var. Vanadium-bearing phlogopiteK(Mg,V3+)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Vⓘ Davidite-(La)La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
Vⓘ CavoiteCaV34+O7
CrChromium
Crⓘ MagnesiochromiteMgCr2O4
Crⓘ Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
Crⓘ Dravite var. Chromium-bearing DraviteNa((Mg,Cr)3)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Crⓘ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Crⓘ Zoisite var. Chrome-Zoisite{Ca2}{Al,Cr3}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Crⓘ DaubréeliteFe2+Cr23+S4
Crⓘ Diopside var. Chromium-bearing DiopsideCa(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
Crⓘ Phlogopite var. Chromium-bearing PhlogopiteK(Mg,Cr)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Crⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite(Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4
Crⓘ Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Crⓘ UvaroviteCa3Cr23+(SiO4)3
Crⓘ Magnetite var. IshkuliteFe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4
Crⓘ Magnetite var. ChrommagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4
Crⓘ Davidite-(La)La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
MnManganese
Mnⓘ Jörgkellerite(Na,◻)3Mn33+(PO4)2(CO3)(O,OH)2 · 5H2O
Mnⓘ HejtmaniteBa2Mn42+Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F2
Mnⓘ AlabanditeMnS
Mnⓘ PyrophaniteMn2+TiO3
Mnⓘ HelvineBe3Mn42+(SiO4)3S
Mnⓘ Alluaudite(Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3
Mnⓘ LithiophiliteLiMn2+PO4
Mnⓘ FillowiteNa3CaMn112+(PO4)9
Mnⓘ Rosemaryite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe2+)(Fe3+,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Mnⓘ Wyllieite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Mnⓘ BermaniteMn2+Mn23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
Mnⓘ Samuelsonite(Ca,Ba)Ca8Fe22+Mn22+Al2(PO4)10(OH)2
Mnⓘ Bjarebyite(Ba,Sr)(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2Al2(PO4)3(OH)3
Mnⓘ PurpuriteMn3+(PO4)
Mnⓘ SerrabrancaiteMnPO4 · H2O
Mnⓘ AttakoliteCaMn2+Al4(SiO3OH)(PO4)3(OH)4
Mnⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
Mnⓘ EosphoriteMn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
Mnⓘ Frondelite(Mn2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe33+(PO4)3(OH)5
Mnⓘ HureauliteMn52+(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O
Mnⓘ Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite(Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH)
Mnⓘ Tantalite-(Mn)Mn2+Ta2O6
Mnⓘ RhodoniteCaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Mnⓘ Lithiophilite var. SickleriteLi1-x(Mnx3+Mn2+1-x)PO4
Mnⓘ StewartiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
Mnⓘ TripliteMn22+(PO4)F
Mnⓘ VaruliteNaCaMn2+Mn22+(PO4)3
Mnⓘ Alluaudite-Na[]◻4Na4Mn42+Fe83+(PO4)12
Mnⓘ Vernadite(Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
Mnⓘ Stanĕkite(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Fe3+(PO4)O
Mnⓘ CryptomelaneK(Mn74+Mn3+)O16
Mnⓘ GriphiteNa4Li2Ca6(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)19Al8(PO4)24(F,OH)8
Mnⓘ LandesiteMn2+3-xFex3+(PO4)2(OH)x · (3-x)H2O
Mnⓘ UM1982-08-PO:FeHMnFeMnPO5 · 2H2O
Mnⓘ Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series
Mnⓘ Piemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Mnⓘ Bixbyite-(Mn)Mn23+O3
Mnⓘ HollanditeBa(Mn64+Mn23+)O16
Mnⓘ Piemontite-Epidote Series
Mnⓘ KeckiteCaMn2+(Fe3+Mn2+)Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)3 · 7H2O
Mnⓘ Lithiophorite(Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2
Mnⓘ Columbite-(Mn)Mn2+Nb2O6
Mnⓘ GravegliaiteMn2+SO3 · 3H2O
Mnⓘ Lamprophyllite(Na,Mn2+)3(Sr,Na)2(Ti,Fe3+)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH,O,F)2
Mnⓘ Ilmenite var. Manganese-bearing Ilmenite(Fe,Mn)2+TiO3
Mnⓘ Ilmenite-Pyrophanite Series
Mnⓘ WodginiteMn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
Mnⓘ SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Mnⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Mnⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
Mnⓘ ManganiteMn3+O(OH)
Mnⓘ Ferroalluaudite(Na,Ca)Fe2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)3
Mnⓘ KupletskiteK2NaMn72+Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F
Mnⓘ LåveniteNa2Ca2Mn2Zr2(Si2O7)2O2F2
Mnⓘ Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Mnⓘ HagendorfiteNaCaMn2+Fe22+(PO4)3
Mnⓘ MontdoriteKFe2+1.5Mn2+0.5Mg0.5Si4O10(F,OH)2
Mnⓘ Axinite-(Mn)Ca2Mn2+Al2BSi4O15(OH)
Mnⓘ RhodochrositeMnCO3
Mnⓘ JacobsiteMn2+Fe23+O4
Mnⓘ Wodginite var. Iron-bearing WodginiteMn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
Mnⓘ PyrolusiteMn4+O2
Mnⓘ Romanèchite(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
Mnⓘ GlaucochroiteCaMn2+(SiO4)
Mnⓘ ManganoneptuniteKNa2Li(Mn2+)2Ti2[Si4O12]2
FeIron
Feⓘ Ferrorosemaryite◻NaFe2+Fe3+Al(PO4)3
Feⓘ BurangaiteNaFe2+Al5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Feⓘ YoderiteMg(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)2O(OH)
Feⓘ Magnesiohögbomite-2N3S[(Mg,Fe2+,Zn)4(Al,Ti,Fe3+)10O19(OH)]2
Feⓘ VarlamoffiteSn1-xFexO2-x(OH)
Feⓘ KirschsteiniteCaFe2+(SiO4)
Feⓘ AndrémeyeriteBaFe22+(Si2O7)
Feⓘ DjerfisheriteK6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
Feⓘ Magnesiohögbomite-6N6S[(Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Ti,Fe3+)8O15(OH)]6
Feⓘ KerimasiteCa3Zr2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Feⓘ Oxo-magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg3(Fe3+2-x,Tix))5(Si6Al2O22)O2
Feⓘ Hydroxykenoelsmoreite(◻,Pb)2(W,Fe3+,Al)2(O,OH)6(OH)
Feⓘ Potassic-ferro-ferri-taramiteK(CaNa)(Fe32+Fe23+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Feⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Feⓘ Dingdaohengite-(Ce)(Ce,La)4Fe2+(Ti,Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8
Feⓘ ArfvedsoniteNaNa2(Fe42+Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2
Feⓘ Wurtzite(Zn,Fe)S
Feⓘ Riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)Si8O22(OH)2
Feⓘ FerberiteFeWO4
Feⓘ PyriteFeS2
Feⓘ Hydrokenoelsmoreite var. Ferritungstite◻2(W,Fe3+)2(O,OH)6(H2O)
Feⓘ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Feⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Feⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Feⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Feⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Feⓘ Ferberite var. ReiniteFeWO4
Feⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Feⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Feⓘ Hingganite-(Y)(Y,REE,Ca)2(◻,Fe2+)Be2[SiO4]2(OH)2
Feⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Feⓘ AnniteKFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Feⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Feⓘ NiobophylliteK2NaFe72+(NbTi)[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4O
Feⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10
Feⓘ AstrophylliteK2NaFe72+Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F
Feⓘ Fluoro-riebeckite◻Na2(Fe32+Fe23+)(Si8O22)F2
Feⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Feⓘ AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Feⓘ FayaliteFe22+(SiO4)
Feⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Feⓘ PhosphosideriteFePO4 · 2H2O
Feⓘ Alluaudite(Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3
Feⓘ TriphyliteLiFe2+PO4
Feⓘ Rosemaryite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe2+)(Fe3+,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Feⓘ Wyllieite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Feⓘ BarbosaliteFe2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2
Feⓘ ScorzaliteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2
Feⓘ StrengiteFePO4 · 2H2O
Feⓘ Samuelsonite(Ca,Ba)Ca8Fe22+Mn22+Al2(PO4)10(OH)2
Feⓘ Bjarebyite(Ba,Sr)(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2Al2(PO4)3(OH)3
Feⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Feⓘ CacoxeniteFe243+AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O
Feⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
Feⓘ Triphylite var. FerrisickleriteLi1-x(Fex3+Fe2+1-x)PO4
Feⓘ Frondelite(Mn2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe33+(PO4)3(OH)5
Feⓘ HeterositeFe3+(PO4)
Feⓘ LipscombiteFe2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2
Feⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ ScoroditeFe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
Feⓘ SiderophylliteKFe22+Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Feⓘ StewartiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
Feⓘ Tantalite-(Fe)Fe2+Ta2O6
Feⓘ TavoriteLiFe3+(PO4)(OH)
Feⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Feⓘ VivianiteFe2+Fe22+(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Feⓘ GraftoniteFe2+Fe22+(PO4)2
Feⓘ MitridatiteCa2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Feⓘ Alluaudite-Na[]◻4Na4Mn42+Fe83+(PO4)12
Feⓘ Vernadite(Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
Feⓘ Stanĕkite(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Fe3+(PO4)O
Feⓘ MarcasiteFeS2
Feⓘ ChildreniteFe2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
Feⓘ DufréniteCa0.5Fe2+Fe53+(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Feⓘ GriphiteNa4Li2Ca6(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)19Al8(PO4)24(F,OH)8
Feⓘ LandesiteMn2+3-xFex3+(PO4)2(OH)x · (3-x)H2O
Feⓘ LeucophosphiteKFe23+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O
Feⓘ Rockbridgeite(Fe2+0.5Fe3+0.5)2Fe33+(PO4)3(OH)5
Feⓘ Zinnwaldite
Feⓘ Hematite var. MartiteFe2O3
Feⓘ Sigismundite(Ba◻)(Fe2+◻)Ca(Na2◻)Fe132+Al(PO4)11(PO3OH)(OH)2
Feⓘ Lazulite-Scorzalite Series
Feⓘ UM1982-08-PO:FeHMnFeMnPO5 · 2H2O
Feⓘ Gormanite(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Feⓘ Columbite-(Fe)Fe2+Nb2O6
Feⓘ Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series
Feⓘ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Feⓘ PseudobrookiteFe2TiO5
Feⓘ Piemontite-Epidote Series
Feⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Feⓘ AloisiiteNa2(Ca,Fe,Mg)5Si2O10 · 2H2O
Feⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Feⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing MagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Feⓘ StauroliteFe22+Al9Si4O23(OH)
Feⓘ StanniteCu2FeSnS4
Feⓘ BenauiteSrFe33+(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Feⓘ KeckiteCaMn2+(Fe3+Mn2+)Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)3 · 7H2O
Feⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
Feⓘ TroiliteFeS
Feⓘ HercyniteFe2+Al2O4
Feⓘ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Feⓘ Fluor-buergerite-Dravite Series
Feⓘ Lamprophyllite(Na,Mn2+)3(Sr,Na)2(Ti,Fe3+)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH,O,F)2
Feⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Feⓘ Andradite var. MelaniteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Feⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Feⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Feⓘ UM1997-44-S:FeKK1-2Fe2-3S3-4
Feⓘ RasvumiteKFe2S3
Feⓘ Barytolamprophyllite(Ba,Na)2(Na,Ti,Fe3+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O(OH,F)
Feⓘ Perryite(Ni,Fe)5(Si,P)2
Feⓘ DaubréeliteFe2+Cr23+S4
Feⓘ Schreibersite(Fe,Ni)3P
Feⓘ Native Iron var. Kamacite(Fe,Ni)
Feⓘ Native IronFe
Feⓘ Pyrite var. Cobalt-bearing Pyrite(Fe,Co)S2
Feⓘ Ilmenite var. Manganese-bearing Ilmenite(Fe,Mn)2+TiO3
Feⓘ Ilmenite-Pyrophanite Series
Feⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Feⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Feⓘ ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
Feⓘ ArgentopentlanditeAg(Fe,Ni)8S8
Feⓘ CubaniteCuFe2S3
Feⓘ MackinawiteFeS
Feⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Feⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
Feⓘ TrevoriteNi2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ BorniteCu5FeS4
Feⓘ JohnsomervilleiteNa3CaFe11(PO4)9
Feⓘ SarcopsideFe32+(PO4)2
Feⓘ Ferroalluaudite(Na,Ca)Fe2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)3
Feⓘ ClinoferrosiliteFe22+Si2O6
Feⓘ FerrosiliteFe22+Si2O6
Feⓘ DanaliteBe3Fe42+(SiO4)3S
Feⓘ Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Feⓘ Samarskite-(Y)YFe3+Nb2O8
Feⓘ HagendorfiteNaCaMn2+Fe22+(PO4)3
Feⓘ CyriloviteNaFe33+(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
Feⓘ Enstatite var. Bronzite(Mg,Fe2+)2[SiO3]2
Feⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite(Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4
Feⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Feⓘ Chevkinite-(Ce)Ce4(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)5O8(Si2O7)2
Feⓘ MontdoriteKFe2+1.5Mn2+0.5Mg0.5Si4O10(F,OH)2
Feⓘ Ferro-richteriteNa(CaNa)Fe52+(Si8O22)(OH)2
Feⓘ Magnetite var. IshkuliteFe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4
Feⓘ Magnesite var. Iron-bearing Magnesite(Mg,Fe)CO3
Feⓘ Magnetite var. ChrommagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Cr3+)2O4
Feⓘ TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Si3Fe3+)O10(OH)2
Feⓘ Ferro-katophoriteNa(CaNa)(Fe42+Al)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
Feⓘ ChloritoidFe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2
Feⓘ Hematite var. SpeculariteFe2O3
Feⓘ Davidite-(La)La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
Feⓘ Biotite var. Titanium-bearing BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Feⓘ Almandine-Pyrope Series
Feⓘ Allanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Feⓘ AnapaiteCa2Fe2+(PO4)2 · 4H2O
Feⓘ SchorlomiteCa3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Feⓘ AwaruiteNi3Fe
Feⓘ HalotrichiteFe2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Feⓘ Mohrite(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Feⓘ Lonecreekite(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Feⓘ MagnesioferriteMgFe23+O4
Feⓘ JacobsiteMn2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ FrankliniteZn2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ Magnesio-arfvedsoniteNaNa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si8O22)(OH)2
Feⓘ FerrowodginiteFe2+Sn4+Ta2O8
Feⓘ Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Feⓘ Staurolite var. Lusakite(Fe,Mg,Co)2Al9Si4O23OH
Feⓘ Unnamed (Co2+-dominant analogue of ferrohögbomite-2N2S)[(Co2+,Fe2+,Mg,Al)3(Al,Fe3+,Ti)8O15(OH)]2
Feⓘ Andradite-Schorlomite Series
Feⓘ Magnesio-hastingsiteNaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Feⓘ SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Feⓘ Magnesite var. Breunnerite(Mg,Fe)CO3
Feⓘ Augite var. Fassaite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Feⓘ CronstedtiteFe22+Fe3+((Si,Fe3+)2O5)(OH)4
Feⓘ Pigeonite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Feⓘ Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Feⓘ Taenite(Ni,Fe)
Feⓘ TochiliniteFe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10
Feⓘ TetraferroplatinumPtFe
Feⓘ IsoferroplatinumPt3Fe
Feⓘ TulameenitePt2CuFe
Feⓘ Maghemite(Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe23+O4
Feⓘ GudmunditeFeSbS
Feⓘ UM1983-18-SiO:AlFeHMg~(Mg,Fe)Al4Si4O12(OH)8
Feⓘ Smythite(Fe,Ni)3+xS4 (x=0-0.3)
Feⓘ Pyrite var. Bravoite(Fe,Ni)S2
Feⓘ Tapiolite-(Fe)Fe2+Ta2O6
Feⓘ HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2
Feⓘ Augite var. Ferroaugite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Feⓘ WilkinsoniteNa2Fe42+Fe23+(Si6O18)O2
Feⓘ Augite var. Ferrohedenbergite(Ca,Mg,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Si2O6
Feⓘ Ferro-edeniteNaCa2Fe52+(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Feⓘ Hedenbergite var. FerrosaliteCaFe2+Si2O6
Feⓘ NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Feⓘ Foitite◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Feⓘ LatrappiteCa2NbFe3+O6
Feⓘ UlvöspinelTiFe22+O4
Feⓘ Pyrite var. Arsenic-bearing PyriteFe(S,As)2
Feⓘ MorimotoiteCa3(TiFe2+)(SiO4)3
Feⓘ Calcite var. Iron-bearing Calcite(Ca,Fe)CO3
Feⓘ ChlorbartoniteK6Fe24S26(Cl,S)
Feⓘ GreigiteFe2+Fe23+S4
Feⓘ BrunogeieriteGe4+Fe22+O4
Feⓘ CuprospinelCu2+Fe23+O4
CoCobalt
Coⓘ SiegeniteCoNi2S4
Coⓘ Pyrite var. Cobalt-bearing Pyrite(Fe,Co)S2
Coⓘ LinnaeiteCo2+Co23+S4
Coⓘ CobaltiteCoAsS
Coⓘ Staurolite var. Lusakite(Fe,Mg,Co)2Al9Si4O23OH
Coⓘ CobaltpentlanditeCo9S8
Coⓘ Unnamed (Co2+-dominant analogue of ferrohögbomite-2N2S)[(Co2+,Fe2+,Mg,Al)3(Al,Fe3+,Ti)8O15(OH)]2
NiNickel
Niⓘ DjerfisheriteK6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
Niⓘ MilleriteNiS
Niⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Niⓘ Perryite(Ni,Fe)5(Si,P)2
Niⓘ Schreibersite(Fe,Ni)3P
Niⓘ Native Iron var. Kamacite(Fe,Ni)
Niⓘ SiegeniteCoNi2S4
Niⓘ GersdorffiteNiAsS
Niⓘ NickelineNiAs
Niⓘ ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
Niⓘ ArgentopentlanditeAg(Fe,Ni)8S8
Niⓘ UllmanniteNiSbS
Niⓘ BreithauptiteNiSb
Niⓘ NisbiteNiSb2
Niⓘ TrevoriteNi2+Fe23+O4
Niⓘ NépouiteNi3Si2O5(OH)4
Niⓘ AnnabergiteNi3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Niⓘ PolydymiteNi2+Ni23+S4
Niⓘ AwaruiteNi3Fe
Niⓘ GaspéiteNiCO3
Niⓘ Taenite(Ni,Fe)
Niⓘ HeazlewooditeNi3S2
Niⓘ MenshikovitePd3Ni2As3
Niⓘ Smythite(Fe,Ni)3+xS4 (x=0-0.3)
Niⓘ Pyrite var. Bravoite(Fe,Ni)S2
Niⓘ MaucheriteNi11As8
Niⓘ ParkeriteNi3(Bi,Pb)2S2
Niⓘ MeloniteNiTe2
CuCopper
Cuⓘ RichardsiteZn2CuGaS4
Cuⓘ DjerfisheriteK6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
Cuⓘ KitagohaitePt7Cu
Cuⓘ TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Cuⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cuⓘ StanniteCu2FeSnS4
Cuⓘ ColusiteCu13VAs3S16
Cuⓘ GermanocolusiteCu26V2(Ge,As)6S32
Cuⓘ CupriteCu2O
Cuⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Cuⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cuⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Cuⓘ BournonitePbCuSbS3
Cuⓘ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
Cuⓘ CubaniteCuFe2S3
Cuⓘ Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
Cuⓘ MeneghinitePb13CuSb7S24
Cuⓘ BorniteCu5FeS4
Cuⓘ ChalcociteCu2S
Cuⓘ DigeniteCu9S5
Cuⓘ CovelliteCuS
Cuⓘ DolerophaniteCu2(SO4)O
Cuⓘ ChalcocyaniteCuSO4
Cuⓘ Native CopperCu
Cuⓘ TulameenitePt2CuFe
Cuⓘ CabriitePd2CuSn
Cuⓘ AuricuprideCu3Au
Cuⓘ SkaergaarditePdCu
Cuⓘ Tetra-auricuprideAuCu
Cuⓘ ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
Cuⓘ HongshiitePtCu
Cuⓘ Tennantite-Tetrahedrite Series
Cuⓘ PseudomalachiteCu5(PO4)2(OH)4
Cuⓘ TongxiniteCu2Zn
Cuⓘ RickarditeCu7Te5
Cuⓘ CuprospinelCu2+Fe23+O4
Cuⓘ KlockmanniteCuSe
Cuⓘ PermingeatiteCu3SbSe4
ZnZinc
Znⓘ Magnesiohögbomite-2N3S[(Mg,Fe2+,Zn)4(Al,Ti,Fe3+)10O19(OH)]2
Znⓘ RichardsiteZn2CuGaS4
Znⓘ Wurtzite(Zn,Fe)S
Znⓘ GenthelviteBe3Zn4(SiO4)3S
Znⓘ SphaleriteZnS
Znⓘ Wurtzite-4HZnS
Znⓘ GahniteZnAl2O4
Znⓘ FrankliniteZn2+Fe23+O4
Znⓘ SmithsoniteZnCO3
Znⓘ UM1975-16-SO:HKZnK2Zn(SO4)2 · 2H2O
Znⓘ TongxiniteCu2Zn
GaGallium
Gaⓘ RichardsiteZn2CuGaS4
GeGermanium
Geⓘ GermanocolusiteCu26V2(Ge,As)6S32
Geⓘ BrunogeieriteGe4+Fe22+O4
AsArsenic
Asⓘ KamitugaitePbAl[(UO2)5(PO4)2.38(AsO4)0.62O2(OH)2] · 11.5H2O
Asⓘ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Asⓘ ScoroditeFe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
Asⓘ ColusiteCu13VAs3S16
Asⓘ GermanocolusiteCu26V2(Ge,As)6S32
Asⓘ GersdorffiteNiAsS
Asⓘ NickelineNiAs
Asⓘ Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
Asⓘ JordanitePb14As6S23
Asⓘ OrpimentAs2S3
Asⓘ DufrénoysitePb2As2S5
Asⓘ SperrylitePtAs2
Asⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Asⓘ CobaltiteCoAsS
Asⓘ AnnabergiteNi3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Asⓘ MenshikovitePd3Ni2As3
Asⓘ Tennantite-Tetrahedrite Series
Asⓘ MaucheriteNi11As8
Asⓘ Ruarsite(Ru,Os)AsS
Asⓘ Native ArsenicAs
Asⓘ Pyrite var. Arsenic-bearing PyriteFe(S,As)2
SeSelenium
Seⓘ ClausthalitePbSe
Seⓘ LaitakariteBi4(Se,S)3
Seⓘ LuberoitePt5Se4
Seⓘ KlockmanniteCuSe
Seⓘ PermingeatiteCu3SbSe4
SrStrontium
Srⓘ Bjarebyite(Ba,Sr)(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2Al2(PO4)3(OH)3
Srⓘ SvanbergiteSrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Srⓘ GoyaziteSrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Srⓘ BenauiteSrFe33+(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Srⓘ CelestineSrSO4
Srⓘ StrontianiteSrCO3
Srⓘ Ancylite-(Ce)CeSr(CO3)2(OH) · H2O
Srⓘ Lamprophyllite(Na,Mn2+)3(Sr,Na)2(Ti,Fe3+)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH,O,F)2
Srⓘ UM1995-02-CO:BaCaClFKMgNaSr(Na2,Ba,Ca,Sr,Mg,K2)(CO3)
Srⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)(Sr,Ca,Ba)3(Ce,La)(CO3)3-x(PO4)(OH,F)2x
Srⓘ FluorstrophiteSrCaSr3(PO4)3F
Srⓘ Burbankite(Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5
Srⓘ Ancylite-(La)LaSr(CO3)2(OH) · H2O
YYttrium
Yⓘ Caysichite-(Y)(Ca,Yb,Er)4Y4(Si8O20)(CO3)6(OH) · 7H2O
Yⓘ Fergusonite-(Y)YNbO4
Yⓘ Hingganite-(Y)(Y,REE,Ca)2(◻,Fe2+)Be2[SiO4]2(OH)2
Yⓘ Xenotime-(Y)Y(PO4)
Yⓘ Kainosite-(Y)Ca2Y2(SiO3)4(CO3) · H2O
Yⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10
Yⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Yⓘ Churchite-(Y)Y(PO4) · 2H2O
Yⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Yⓘ Samarskite-(Y)YFe3+Nb2O8
Yⓘ Davidite-(La)La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
Yⓘ Synchysite-(Y)CaY(CO3)2F
Yⓘ Tanteuxenite-(Y)Y(Ta,Nb,Ti)2(O,OH)6
Yⓘ Fluorite var. Yttrofluorite(Ca1-xYx)F2+x where 0.05 < x < 0.3
ZrZirconium
Zrⓘ KerimasiteCa3Zr2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Zrⓘ UhligiteCa3(Ti,Al,Zr)9O20 ?
Zrⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Zrⓘ ElpiditeNa2ZrSi6O15 · 3H2O
Zrⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Zrⓘ ZektzeriteLiNaZrSi6O15
Zrⓘ Zircon var. MalaconZr(SiO4)
Zrⓘ Zircon var. CyrtoliteZr[(SiO4),(OH)4]
Zrⓘ BaddeleyiteZrO2
Zrⓘ RosenbuschiteNa6Ca6Zr3Ti(Si2O7)4O2F6
Zrⓘ LåveniteNa2Ca2Mn2Zr2(Si2O7)2O2F2
Zrⓘ WöhleriteNa2Ca4ZrNb(Si2O7)2O3F
Zrⓘ KimzeyiteCa3Zr2(SiO4)(AlO4)2
Zrⓘ CalzirtiteCa2Zr5Ti2O16
NbNiobium
Nbⓘ FoorditeSn2+Nb2O6
Nbⓘ Rankamaite(Na,K)3(Ta,Nb,Al)11(O,OH)31
Nbⓘ LueshiteNaNbO3
Nbⓘ Hydropyrochlore(H2O,◻)2Nb2(O,OH)6(H2O)
Nbⓘ Fergusonite-(Y)YNbO4
Nbⓘ Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Nbⓘ NiobophylliteK2NaFe72+(NbTi)[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4O
Nbⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile(Ti,Nb)O2
Nbⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Nbⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
Nbⓘ Columbite-(Fe)Fe2+Nb2O6
Nbⓘ FersmiteCaNb2O6
Nbⓘ BaotiteBa4(Ti,Nb,W)8O16(SiO3)4Cl
Nbⓘ Columbite-(Mn)Mn2+Nb2O6
Nbⓘ Niocalite(Ca,Nb)4(Si2O7)(O,OH,F)2
Nbⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Nbⓘ Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
Nbⓘ Rutile var. Niobium-bearing Rutile(Ti,Nb)O2
Nbⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
Nbⓘ Pyrochlore Group var. Uranpyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Ce)2(Nb,Ti,Ta)2O6(OH,F)
Nbⓘ Betafite GroupA2(Ti,Nb)2O6Z
Nbⓘ WöhleriteNa2Ca4ZrNb(Si2O7)2O3F
Nbⓘ Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Nbⓘ Samarskite-(Y)YFe3+Nb2O8
Nbⓘ Tanteuxenite-(Y)Y(Ta,Nb,Ti)2(O,OH)6
Nbⓘ Oxynatropyrochlore(Na,Ca,U)2Nb2O6(O,OH)
Nbⓘ Nacareniobsite-(Ce)Na3Ca3(Ce,REE)Nb(Si2O7)2OF3
Nbⓘ LatrappiteCa2NbFe3+O6
MoMolybdenum
Moⓘ MerelaniiteMo4Pb4VSbS15
Moⓘ MolybdeniteMoS2
Moⓘ WulfenitePb(MoO4)
Moⓘ PowelliteCa(MoO4)
RuRuthenium
Ruⓘ Native Iridium(Ir,Os,Ru)
Ruⓘ Native Osmium(Os,Ir,Ru)
Ruⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Ruⓘ Native Ruthenium(Ru,Ir)
Ruⓘ Rutheniridosmine(Ir,Os,Ru)
Ruⓘ LauriteRuS2
Ruⓘ Ruarsite(Ru,Os)AsS
RhRhodium
Rhⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
PdPalladium
Pdⓘ PalladosilicidePd2Si
Pdⓘ Rustenburgite(Pt,Pd)3Sn
Pdⓘ CabriitePd2CuSn
Pdⓘ SobolevskitePdBi
Pdⓘ Atokite(Pd,Pt)3Sn
Pdⓘ KeithconnitePd20Te7
Pdⓘ KotulskitePd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4)
Pdⓘ MenshikovitePd3Ni2As3
Pdⓘ MicheneritePdBiTe
Pdⓘ PlumbopalladinitePd3Pb2
Pdⓘ SkaergaarditePdCu
Pdⓘ SopcheiteAg4Pd3Te4
Pdⓘ StibiopalladinitePd5Sb2
Pdⓘ SudburyitePdSb
Pdⓘ VysotskitePdS
Pdⓘ Native Palladium(Pd,Pt)
AgSilver
Agⓘ HessiteAg2Te
Agⓘ StütziteAg5-xTe3, x = 0.24-0.36
Agⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum(Au,Ag)
Agⓘ PetziteAg3AuTe2
Agⓘ ArgentopentlanditeAg(Fe,Ni)8S8
Agⓘ DyscrasiteAg3Sb
Agⓘ Native SilverAg
Agⓘ AcanthiteAg2S
Agⓘ SopcheiteAg4Pd3Te4
Agⓘ SylvaniteAgAuTe4
Agⓘ MuthmanniteAuAgTe2
CdCadmium
Cdⓘ GreenockiteCdS
Cdⓘ HawleyiteCdS
SnTin
Snⓘ FoorditeSn2+Nb2O6
Snⓘ VarlamoffiteSn1-xFexO2-x(OH)
Snⓘ CassiteriteSnO2
Snⓘ ThoreauliteSn2+Ta2O6
Snⓘ StanniteCu2FeSnS4
Snⓘ WodginiteMn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
Snⓘ FerrowodginiteFe2+Sn4+Ta2O8
Snⓘ Wodginite var. Iron-bearing WodginiteMn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
Snⓘ NiggliitePtSn
Snⓘ Rustenburgite(Pt,Pd)3Sn
Snⓘ CabriitePd2CuSn
Snⓘ Atokite(Pd,Pt)3Sn
Snⓘ Cassiterite var. Wood TinSnO2
SbAntimony
Sbⓘ MerelaniiteMo4Pb4VSbS15
Sbⓘ Cesplumtantite(Cs,Na)2(Pb,Sb3+)3Ta8O24
Sbⓘ BournonitePbCuSbS3
Sbⓘ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
Sbⓘ UllmanniteNiSbS
Sbⓘ AurostibiteAuSb2
Sbⓘ BoulangeritePb5Sb4S11
Sbⓘ BreithauptiteNiSb
Sbⓘ NisbiteNiSb2
Sbⓘ DyscrasiteAg3Sb
Sbⓘ Native AntimonySb
Sbⓘ MeneghinitePb13CuSb7S24
Sbⓘ StibniteSb2S3
Sbⓘ GenkinitePt4Sb3
Sbⓘ GudmunditeFeSbS
Sbⓘ StibiopalladinitePd5Sb2
Sbⓘ SudburyitePdSb
Sbⓘ Tennantite-Tetrahedrite Series
Sbⓘ GeversitePtSb2
Sbⓘ PermingeatiteCu3SbSe4
TeTellurium
Teⓘ HessiteAg2Te
Teⓘ StütziteAg5-xTe3, x = 0.24-0.36
Teⓘ PetziteAg3AuTe2
Teⓘ PilseniteBi4Te3
Teⓘ TsumoiteBiTe
Teⓘ AltaitePbTe
Teⓘ KeithconnitePd20Te7
Teⓘ KotulskitePd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4)
Teⓘ MicheneritePdBiTe
Teⓘ MoncheitePt(Te,Bi)2
Teⓘ SopcheiteAg4Pd3Te4
Teⓘ MaslovitePtBiTe
Teⓘ CalaveriteAuTe2
Teⓘ MontaniteBi2(TeO6) · nH2O
Teⓘ MeloniteNiTe2
Teⓘ SylvaniteAgAuTe4
Teⓘ MuthmanniteAuAgTe2
Teⓘ RickarditeCu7Te5
CsCaesium
Csⓘ Cesplumtantite(Cs,Na)2(Pb,Sb3+)3Ta8O24
Csⓘ Pollucite(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
BaBarium
Baⓘ AndrémeyeriteBaFe22+(Si2O7)
Baⓘ HejtmaniteBa2Mn42+Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F2
Baⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup(Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
Baⓘ BaryliteBe2Ba(Si2O7)
Baⓘ Cordylite-(Ce)NaBaCe2(CO3)4F
Baⓘ Samuelsonite(Ca,Ba)Ca8Fe22+Mn22+Al2(PO4)10(OH)2
Baⓘ Bjarebyite(Ba,Sr)(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2Al2(PO4)3(OH)3
Baⓘ Sigismundite(Ba◻)(Fe2+◻)Ca(Na2◻)Fe132+Al(PO4)11(PO3OH)(OH)2
Baⓘ HollanditeBa(Mn64+Mn23+)O16
Baⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Baⓘ BaotiteBa4(Ti,Nb,W)8O16(SiO3)4Cl
Baⓘ FresnoiteBa2Ti(Si2O7)O
Baⓘ WitheriteBaCO3
Baⓘ UM1995-02-CO:BaCaClFKMgNaSr(Na2,Ba,Ca,Sr,Mg,K2)(CO3)
Baⓘ Barytolamprophyllite(Ba,Na)2(Na,Ti,Fe3+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O(OH,F)
Baⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)(Sr,Ca,Ba)3(Ce,La)(CO3)3-x(PO4)(OH,F)2x
Baⓘ Burbankite(Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5
Baⓘ HarmotomeBa2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O
Baⓘ Romanèchite(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
LaLanthanum
Laⓘ Dingdaohengite-(Ce)(Ce,La)4Fe2+(Ti,Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8
Laⓘ Rhabdophane-(La)La(PO4) · H2O
Laⓘ Monazite-(La)La(PO4)
Laⓘ ParisiteCa(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
Laⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)(Sr,Ca,Ba)3(Ce,La)(CO3)3-x(PO4)(OH,F)2x
Laⓘ Davidite-(La)La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
Laⓘ Ancylite-(La)LaSr(CO3)2(OH) · H2O
Laⓘ Kozoite-(La)La(CO3)(OH)
CeCerium
Ceⓘ Yttrotungstite-(Ce)CeW2O6(OH)3
Ceⓘ Parisite-(Ce)CaCe2(CO3)3F2
Ceⓘ Dingdaohengite-(Ce)(Ce,La)4Fe2+(Ti,Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8
Ceⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce)Ce(CO3)F
Ceⓘ Monazite-(Ce)Ce(PO4)
Ceⓘ Rhabdophane-(Ce)Ce(PO4) · 0.6H2O
Ceⓘ Cerianite-(Ce)(Ce4+,Th)O2
Ceⓘ Synchysite-(Ce)CaCe(CO3)2F
Ceⓘ Cordylite-(Ce)NaBaCe2(CO3)4F
Ceⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Ceⓘ Wakefieldite-(Ce)Ce(VO4)
Ceⓘ ParisiteCa(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
Ceⓘ Ancylite-(Ce)CeSr(CO3)2(OH) · H2O
Ceⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Ceⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)(Sr,Ca,Ba)3(Ce,La)(CO3)3-x(PO4)(OH,F)2x
Ceⓘ Pyrochlore Group var. Uranpyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Ce)2(Nb,Ti,Ta)2O6(OH,F)
Ceⓘ Cerite-(CeCa)(Ce7Ca2)◻Mg(SiO4)3(SiO3OH)4(OH)3
Ceⓘ Britholite-(Ce)(Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3OH
Ceⓘ Burbankite(Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5
Ceⓘ Chevkinite-(Ce)Ce4(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)5O8(Si2O7)2
Ceⓘ Allanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Ceⓘ Nacareniobsite-(Ce)Na3Ca3(Ce,REE)Nb(Si2O7)2OF3
NdNeodymium
Ndⓘ Yttrotungstite-(Nd)NdW2O7(OH) · H2O
Ndⓘ Rhabdophane-(Nd)Nd(PO4) · H2O
Ndⓘ ParisiteCa(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
Ndⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Ndⓘ Florencite-(Nd)NdAl3(PO4)2(OH)6
ErErbium
Erⓘ Caysichite-(Y)(Ca,Yb,Er)4Y4(Si8O20)(CO3)6(OH) · 7H2O
YbYtterbium
Ybⓘ Caysichite-(Y)(Ca,Yb,Er)4Y4(Si8O20)(CO3)6(OH) · 7H2O
TaTantalum
Taⓘ Rankamaite(Na,K)3(Ta,Nb,Al)11(O,OH)31
Taⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Taⓘ Tantalite-(Mn)Mn2+Ta2O6
Taⓘ Microlite GroupA2-mTa2X6-wZ1-n
Taⓘ Tantalite-(Fe)Fe2+Ta2O6
Taⓘ ThoreauliteSn2+Ta2O6
Taⓘ Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series
Taⓘ SimpsoniteAl4Ta3O13(OH)
Taⓘ Cesplumtantite(Cs,Na)2(Pb,Sb3+)3Ta8O24
Taⓘ LithiowodginiteLiTa3O8
Taⓘ WodginiteMn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
Taⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Taⓘ Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
Taⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
Taⓘ Pyrochlore Group var. Uranpyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Ce)2(Nb,Ti,Ta)2O6(OH,F)
Taⓘ Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Taⓘ FerrowodginiteFe2+Sn4+Ta2O8
Taⓘ Wodginite var. Iron-bearing WodginiteMn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
Taⓘ Tanteuxenite-(Y)Y(Ta,Nb,Ti)2(O,OH)6
Taⓘ Tapiolite-(Fe)Fe2+Ta2O6
WTungsten
Wⓘ Yttrotungstite-(Nd)NdW2O7(OH) · H2O
Wⓘ AnthoiniteAlWO3(OH)3
Wⓘ Yttrotungstite-(Ce)CeW2O6(OH)3
Wⓘ MeymaciteWO3 · 2H2O
Wⓘ MpororoiteWAlO3(OH)3 · 2(H2O)
Wⓘ Hydroxykenoelsmoreite(◻,Pb)2(W,Fe3+,Al)2(O,OH)6(OH)
Wⓘ FerberiteFeWO4
Wⓘ TungstiteWO3 · H2O
Wⓘ Hydrokenoelsmoreite◻2W2O6(H2O)
Wⓘ Hydrokenoelsmoreite var. Ferritungstite◻2(W,Fe3+)2(O,OH)6(H2O)
Wⓘ Hydrokenoelsmoreite var. Alumotungstite◻2W2O6(H2O)
Wⓘ RaspitePb(WO4)
Wⓘ ScheeliteCa(WO4)
Wⓘ HydrotungstiteWO3 · 2H2O
Wⓘ Ferberite var. ReiniteFeWO4
Wⓘ BaotiteBa4(Ti,Nb,W)8O16(SiO3)4Cl
OsOsmium
Osⓘ Native Iridium(Ir,Os,Ru)
Osⓘ Native Osmium(Os,Ir,Ru)
Osⓘ Rutheniridosmine(Ir,Os,Ru)
Osⓘ Native Osmium var. Iridosmine(Os,Ir)
Osⓘ Ruarsite(Ru,Os)AsS
IrIridium
Irⓘ Native Iridium(Ir,Os,Ru)
Irⓘ Native Osmium(Os,Ir,Ru)
Irⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Irⓘ Native Ruthenium(Ru,Ir)
Irⓘ Rutheniridosmine(Ir,Os,Ru)
Irⓘ Native Osmium var. Iridosmine(Os,Ir)
PtPlatinum
Ptⓘ KitagohaitePt7Cu
Ptⓘ SperrylitePtAs2
Ptⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Ptⓘ NiggliitePtSn
Ptⓘ Rustenburgite(Pt,Pd)3Sn
Ptⓘ TetraferroplatinumPtFe
Ptⓘ IsoferroplatinumPt3Fe
Ptⓘ TulameenitePt2CuFe
Ptⓘ Atokite(Pd,Pt)3Sn
Ptⓘ CooperitePtS
Ptⓘ GenkinitePt4Sb3
Ptⓘ MoncheitePt(Te,Bi)2
Ptⓘ Native Palladium(Pd,Pt)
Ptⓘ Native PlatinumPt
Ptⓘ MaslovitePtBiTe
Ptⓘ HongshiitePtCu
Ptⓘ LuberoitePt5Se4
Ptⓘ GeversitePtSb2
AuGold
Auⓘ Native GoldAu
Auⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum(Au,Ag)
Auⓘ PetziteAg3AuTe2
Auⓘ AurostibiteAuSb2
Auⓘ AuricuprideCu3Au
Auⓘ Tetra-auricuprideAuCu
Auⓘ CalaveriteAuTe2
Auⓘ SylvaniteAgAuTe4
Auⓘ MuthmanniteAuAgTe2
PbLead
Pbⓘ KamitugaitePbAl[(UO2)5(PO4)2.38(AsO4)0.62O2(OH)2] · 11.5H2O
Pbⓘ MerelaniiteMo4Pb4VSbS15
Pbⓘ Hydroxykenoelsmoreite(◻,Pb)2(W,Fe3+,Al)2(O,OH)6(OH)
Pbⓘ CosalitePb2Bi2S5
Pbⓘ RaspitePb(WO4)
Pbⓘ GalenaPbS
Pbⓘ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
Pbⓘ WulfenitePb(MoO4)
Pbⓘ CerussitePbCO3
Pbⓘ VandendriesscheitePbU7O22 · 12H2O
Pbⓘ KasolitePb(UO2)(SiO4) · H2O
Pbⓘ DumontitePb2(UO2)3O2(PO4)2 · 5H2O
Pbⓘ Cesplumtantite(Cs,Na)2(Pb,Sb3+)3Ta8O24
Pbⓘ ClausthalitePbSe
Pbⓘ Grayite(Th,Pb,Ca)(PO4) · H2O
Pbⓘ BournonitePbCuSbS3
Pbⓘ BoulangeritePb5Sb4S11
Pbⓘ JordanitePb14As6S23
Pbⓘ MeneghinitePb13CuSb7S24
Pbⓘ DufrénoysitePb2As2S5
Pbⓘ Native LeadPb
Pbⓘ AltaitePbTe
Pbⓘ PlumbopalladinitePd3Pb2
Pbⓘ AnglesitePbSO4
Pbⓘ ParkeriteNi3(Bi,Pb)2S2
BiBismuth
Biⓘ BismuthiniteBi2S3
Biⓘ CosalitePb2Bi2S5
Biⓘ Native BismuthBi
Biⓘ Bismutite(BiO)2CO3
Biⓘ LaitakariteBi4(Se,S)3
Biⓘ PilseniteBi4Te3
Biⓘ TsumoiteBiTe
Biⓘ BismiteBi2O3
Biⓘ WaylanditeBiAl3(PO4)2(OH)6
Biⓘ SobolevskitePdBi
Biⓘ KotulskitePd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4)
Biⓘ MicheneritePdBiTe
Biⓘ MoncheitePt(Te,Bi)2
Biⓘ MaslovitePtBiTe
Biⓘ UM1972-05-BiO:AlCaPBi-Ca-Al-P-O
Biⓘ ParkeriteNi3(Bi,Pb)2S2
Biⓘ MontaniteBi2(TeO6) · nH2O
ThThorium
Thⓘ AlthupiteAlTh(UO2)7(PO4)4(OH)5O2 · 15H2O
Thⓘ EylettersiteTh0.75Al3(PO4)2(OH)6
Thⓘ ThoriteTh(SiO4)
Thⓘ Cerianite-(Ce)(Ce4+,Th)O2
Thⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Thⓘ KivuiteTh(UO2)4(PO3OH)2(OH)8 · 7H2O
Thⓘ Grayite(Th,Pb,Ca)(PO4) · H2O
Thⓘ Rhabdophane Group(REE,Ca,Th)(PO4) · H2O
Thⓘ ThorianiteThO2
UUranium
Uⓘ Rutherfordine(UO2)CO3
Uⓘ AlthupiteAlTh(UO2)7(PO4)4(OH)5O2 · 15H2O
Uⓘ KamitugaitePbAl[(UO2)5(PO4)2.38(AsO4)0.62O2(OH)2] · 11.5H2O
Uⓘ RanunculiteHAl(UO2)(PO4)(OH)3 · 4H2O
Uⓘ UpaliteAl(UO2)3(PO4)2O(OH) · 7H2O
Uⓘ MoreauiteAl3(UO2)(PO4)3(OH)2 · 13H2O
Uⓘ MunditeAl(UO2)3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5.5H2O
Uⓘ ThreadgolditeAl(UO2)2(PO4)2(OH) · 8H2O
Uⓘ TrianguliteAl3(UO2)4(PO4)4(OH)5 · 5H2O
Uⓘ MetavanmeersscheiteU6+(UO2)3(PO4)2(OH)6 · 2H2O
Uⓘ PhuralumiteAl2[(UO2)3(PO4)2O(OH)](OH)3(H2O)9
Uⓘ VanmeersscheiteU6+(UO2)3(PO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O
Uⓘ Meta-ankoleiteK2(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Uⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Uⓘ AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O
Uⓘ UraniniteUO2
Uⓘ VandendriesscheitePbU7O22 · 12H2O
Uⓘ KasolitePb(UO2)(SiO4) · H2O
Uⓘ UranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Uⓘ DumontitePb2(UO2)3O2(PO4)2 · 5H2O
Uⓘ FurongiteAl13(UO2)7(PO4)13(OH)14 · 58H2O
Uⓘ Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Uⓘ PhosphuranyliteKCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O
Uⓘ SaléeiteMg(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10H2O
Uⓘ Studtite[(UO2)(O2)(H2O)2] · H2O
Uⓘ KivuiteTh(UO2)4(PO3OH)2(OH)8 · 7H2O
Uⓘ Uranmicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Na)2-x(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7
Uⓘ Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
Uⓘ Pyrochlore Group var. Uranpyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,U,Ce)2(Nb,Ti,Ta)2O6(OH,F)
Uⓘ Davidite-(La)La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38
Uⓘ Boltwoodite(K,Na)(UO2)(SiO3OH) · 1.5H2O
Uⓘ CoffiniteU(SiO4) · nH2O
Uⓘ Oxynatropyrochlore(Na,Ca,U)2Nb2O6(O,OH)
Uⓘ PhurcaliteCa2(UO2)3(PO4)2O2 · 7H2O

Geochronology

Mineralization age: Neoproterozoic to Quaternary : 830 ± 51 Ma to 0.01143 Ma

Important note: This table is based only on rock and mineral ages recorded on mindat.org for this locality and is not necessarily a complete representation of the geochronology, but does give an indication of possible mineralization events relevant to this locality. As more age information is added this table may expand in the future. A break in the table simply indicates a lack of data entered here, not necessarily a break in the geologic sequence. Grey background entries are from different, related, localities.

Geologic TimeRocks, Minerals and Events
Phanerozoic
 Cenozoic
  Quaternary
   Pleistocene
ⓘ Trachyte (youngest age)0.014 MaEmuruangogolak Volcano, Samburu County, Kenya
ⓘ Obsidian0.12 ± 0.05 MaMa'Alalta Volcano, Kilbet Rasu, Afar Region, Ethiopia
ⓘ Alkali Feldspar0.380 ± 0.007 MaKorosi Volcano, Baringo County, Kenya
ⓘ Basalt (youngest age)0.5 MaNamarunu Volcano, Turkana County, Kenya
ⓘ Biotite (youngest age)1.3 MaHoma Mountain complex, Homa Bay County, Kenya
ⓘ Trachybasalt (youngest age)1.74 MaChilallo Volcano, Arsi Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
ⓘ Nephelinite (youngest age)1.96 ± 0.07 MaShompole Volcano, Kajiado County, Kenya
ⓘ Nephelinite (oldest age)2.21 MaOlorgesailie Mountain, Kajiado County, Kenya
ⓘ Olivine basalt (youngest age)2.4 MaShanamu Hills, Kajiado County, Kenya
ⓘ Trachytic tuff2.54 MaChilallo Volcano, Arsi Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
ⓘ Basanite2.58 ± 0.17 MaNgong Hills, Kajiado County, Kenya
ⓘ Volcanic ashPleistocene
(0.01143 - 2.588 Ma)		Mau Volcanic Area, Narok County, Kenya
ⓘ Peralkaline trachytePleistocene
(0.01143 - 2.588 Ma)		Kajiado Volcanic Area, Kajiado County, Kenya
  Neogene
   Pliocene
ⓘ Trachybasalt (oldest age)2.62 MaOlorgesailie Mountain, Kajiado County, Kenya
ⓘ Olivine basalt (oldest age)2.62 MaLenderut Hills, Kajiado County, Kenya
ⓘ Nepheline-syenite (youngest age)2.64 MaMount Kenya, Mount Kenya National Park, Meru County, Kenya
ⓘ Phonolite (youngest age)3.1 MaMount Kenya, Mount Kenya National Park, Meru County, Kenya
ⓘ Soda trachyte3.4 ± 0.4 MaCacca Volcano, Arsi Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
ⓘ Sanidine4.5 ± 0.1 MaWachacha Volcanic Dome, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
ⓘ Tuff4.8 ± 0.2 MaKanatim Volcano, Turkana County, Kenya
ⓘ Basalt (oldest age)5.13 MaMagadi Volcanic Area, Kajiado County, Kenya
ⓘ TuffPliocene
(2.588 - 5.332 Ma)		Mau Volcanic Area, Narok County, Kenya
   Miocene
ⓘ Søvite12.7 ± 0.6 MaSokolo Point Carbonatite, Wasaki Peninsula Carbonatites, Homa Bay County, Kenya
ⓘ Feldspar Group13.2 MaYatta Plateau, Kitui County, Kenya
ⓘ Microsyenite14.4 ± 0.7 MaJibisa Ring Complex, Marsabit County, Kenya
ⓘ Trachyte (oldest age)15.4 MaKailimerlim Volcano, Turkana County, Kenya
ⓘ Phonolite (oldest age)18.3 ± 0.5 MaNyamaji Volcanic Complex, Homa Bay County, Kenya
ⓘ Peralkaline alkali-feldspar-granite20.7 ± 1.4 MaJibisa Ring Complex, Marsabit County, Kenya
ⓘ PhonoliteMiocene
(5.332 - 23.03 Ma)		Mau Volcanic Area, Narok County, Kenya
    
   
  Paleogene
   Eocene
ⓘ Riebeckite granite55 ± 3 MaKahusi Complex, Kalehe Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
    
  
 Mesozoic
  Cretaceous
   Early/Lower Cretaceous
ⓘ Phlogopite (youngest age)117 MaKangankunde Carbonatite Complex, Balaka, Southern Region, Malawi
ⓘ Titanite (youngest age)122.6 ± 11.4 MaMongolowe-Chaone-Chikala Complexes, Machinga, Southern Region, Malawi
ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup123 ± 3 MaMongolowe-Chaone-Chikala Complexes, Machinga, Southern Region, Malawi
ⓘ Quartz porphyry134 ± 7 MaKahusi Complex, Kalehe Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
ⓘ Zircon (youngest age)138 ± 14 MaMongolowe-Chaone-Chikala Complexes, Machinga, Southern Region, Malawi
    
  
 Paleozoic
  Cambrian
   Terreneuvian
ⓘ Syenite (youngest age)526 ± 26 MaHaute Ruvubu Complex, Kayanza Province, Burundi
Precambrian
 Proterozoic
  Neoproterozoic
   Ediacaran
ⓘ Microgranite542 ± 27 MaKambusi Complex, Kalehe Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo
ⓘ Bastnäsite586.8 ± 3.7 MaGakara Project, Bujumbura Rural Province, Burundi
   Cryogenian
ⓘ Carbonatite (youngest age)654 MaNkumbwa Hill Carbonatite (Nkombwa Hill Carbonatite), Isoka, Isoka District, Muchinga Province, Zambia
ⓘ Sodalite-syenite655 MaIlomba intrusion, Songwe Complex, Chitipa, Northern Region, Malawi
ⓘ Biotite (oldest age)665 ± 33 MaKirumba Complex, Bwito, Rutshuru Territory, North Kivu, DR Congo
ⓘ Nepheline-syenite (oldest age)685 ± 62 MaUlindi intrusion, Songwe Complex, Chitipa, Northern Region, Malawi
ⓘ Carbonatite (oldest age)704 MaNkumbwa Hill Carbonatite (Nkombwa Hill Carbonatite), Isoka, Isoka District, Muchinga Province, Zambia
ⓘ Phlogopite (oldest age)704 MaNkumbwa Hill Carbonatite (Nkombwa Hill Carbonatite), Isoka, Isoka District, Muchinga Province, Zambia
   Tonian
ⓘ Zircon (oldest age)739 ± 7 MaHaute Ruvubu Complex, Kayanza Province, Burundi
ⓘ Titanite (oldest age)780 ± 50 MaHaute Ruvubu Complex, Kayanza Province, Burundi
ⓘ Syenite (oldest age)830 ± 51 MaNumbi Intrusion, Numbi, Kalehe Territory, South Kivu, DR Congo

Fossils

There are 8402 fossil localities from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.

These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.

Occurrences8402
Youngest Fossil Listed0.01 Ma (Pleistocene)
Oldest Fossil Listed299 Ma (Carboniferous)
Stratigraphic UnitsClick here to view 177 stratigraphic units.
Fossils from RegionClick here to show the list.
Accepted NameHierarchy Age
Haddonia
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Lituolida : Lituolidae : Haddonia83.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Kurnubia
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Loftusiida : Pfenderinidae : Kurnubia166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Lepidocyclina
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Lepidocyclinidae : Lepidocyclina23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Nezzazata
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Lituolida : Nezzazatidae : Nezzazata83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Nummulites
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Nummulitidae : Nummulites47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Operculina
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Nummulitidae : Operculina23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Orbitoides
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Orbitoididae : Orbitoides83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Palorbitolina
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Loftusiida : Orbitolinidae : Palorbitolina125.45 - 122.46 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Pfenderina
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Loftusiida : Pfenderinidae : Pfenderina166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Placopsilina
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Lituolida : Placopsilinidae : Placopsilina83.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Planorbulina
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Planorbulinidae : Planorbulina83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Praeorbitolina
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Loftusiida : Orbitolinidae : Praeorbitolina125.45 - 122.46 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Pseudedomia
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Tubothalamea : Miliolida : Rhapydioninidae : Pseudedomia83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pyrgo
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Tubothalamea : Miliolida : Hauerinidae : Pyrgo83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Quinqueloculina
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Tubothalamea : Miliolida : Hauerinidae : Quinqueloculina83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Milleporidium
genus		Animalia : Porifera : Demospongiae : Axinellida : Milleporidium163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Polytremacis
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Helioporacea : Helioporidae : Polytremacis83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Scleractinia
order		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia163.5 - 56 Ma
Phanerozoic
Acropora
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Acropora56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Astrocoenia
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Astrocoeniidae : Astrocoenia56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Circophyllia
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Faviidae : Circophyllia33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Cladocora
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Caryophylliidae : Cladocora72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Columactinastraea
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Actinastreidae : Columactinastraea83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Columastrea
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Columastraeidae : Columastrea33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Cunnolites
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Cunnolitidae : Cunnolites66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Cyathocoenia
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Pinacophyllidae : Cyathocoenia56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Dendracis
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Acroporidae : Dendracis59.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Latomeandra
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Calamophylliidae : Latomeandra155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Latusastrea
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Heterocoeniidae : Latusastrea163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Placocoenia
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Faviidae : Placocoenia83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Porites
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Poritidae : Porites33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Reussicoenia
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Phyllocoeniidae : Reussicoenia83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Septastrea
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Rhizangiidae : Septastrea23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Stylina
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Stylinidae : Stylina166.1 - 33.9 Ma
Phanerozoic
Stylophora
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Pocilloporidae : Stylophora23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Trochoseris
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Agariciidae : Trochoseris56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Annelida
phylum		Animalia : Annelida13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Serpula
genus		Animalia : Annelida : Polychaeta : Sabellida : Serpulidae : Serpula163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Bacinella
genus		Animalia : Problematica : Bacinella83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Mollusca
phylum		Animalia : Mollusca5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Gastropoda
class		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda265.1 - 2.588 Ma
Phanerozoic
Leptomaria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pleurotomariida : Pleurotomariidae : Leptomaria125.45 - 122.46 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Pleurotomaria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Microdomatidae : Pleurotomaria166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Trochus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pleurotomariida : Pseudophoridae : Trochus157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Turbo
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Turbinidae : Turbo157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Ampullina
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Ampullina168.3 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Aporrhais
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Aporrhais166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Cerithium
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cerithiidae : Cerithium163.5 - 122.46 Ma
Mesozoic
Cypraea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cypraeidae : Cypraea23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Dicroloma
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Dicroloma163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Globularia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Globularia166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Harpagodes
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Harpagodes157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Lambis
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Strombidae : Lambis166.1 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Tropidophora (Ligatella)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pomatiidae : Tropidophora : Tropidophora (Ligatella)13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Natica
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Natica163.5 - 15.97 Ma
Phanerozoic
Pseudomelania
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pseudomelaniidae : Pseudomelania166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Purpuroidea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Purpuroideidae : Purpuroidea166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Turritella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Tylostoma
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Tylostomatidae : Tylostoma125.45 - 122.46 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Architectonica
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architectonicidae : Architectonica166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Nerinea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Nerineidae : Nerinea166.1 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Nerinella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Nerinellidae : Nerinella163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Trochalia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochalia163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Nautilida
order		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Cimomia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Hercoglossidae : Cimomia56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Deltoidonautilus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Hercoglossidae : Deltoidonautilus47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Eutrephoceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Nautilidae : Eutrephoceras47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Aspidoceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Aspidoceratidae : Aspidoceras161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Katroliceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Ataxioceratidae : Katroliceras163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Lithacoceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Ataxioceratidae : Lithacoceras163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Perisphinctes
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Perisphinctidae : Perisphinctes163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Subplanites
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Perisphinctidae : Subplanites157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Belemnites
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Belemnitida : Belemnites163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Belemnopsis
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Belemnitida : Belemnopseidae : Belemnopsis166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Bivalvia
class		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia161.2 - 2.588 Ma
Phanerozoic
Arca
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Arca3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Glycymeris
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Glycymeris23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Isoarca
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Isoarca161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Mytilida
order		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Falcimytilus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Falcimytilus161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Pinna
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pinnidae : Pinna163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Actinostreon
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Actinostreon166.1 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Aequipecten
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Aequipecten166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Arctostrea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Arctostrea163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Atreta
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Dimyidae : Atreta125.45 - 122.46 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Camptonectes
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Camptonectes163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Chlamys
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Chondrodonta
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Chondrodontidae : Chondrodonta125.45 - 122.46 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Ctenostreon
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Ctenostreon163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Eligmus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Malleidae : Eligmus166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Eopecten
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Eopecten166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Exogyra
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Exogyra166.1 - 122.46 Ma
Mesozoic
Gervillia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Bakevelliidae : Gervillia265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Gryphaea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Gryphaea163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Lima
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Lima161.2 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Liostrea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Liostrea161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Myalina
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Bakevelliidae : Myalina265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Ostrea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Ostraea163.5 - 15.97 Ma
Phanerozoic
Pecten
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Pecten163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Plagiostoma
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Plagiostoma161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Plicatula
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Plicatulidae : Plicatula157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Pteria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pteriidae : Pteria265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Modiolopsis
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Unionida : Iridinidae : Modiolopsis265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Trigonia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Trigoniidae : Trigonia163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Anisocardia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Arcticidae : Anisocardia166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Arctica
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Arcticidae : Arctica163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Astarte
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Astarte161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Cardium
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardium157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Ceratomyopsis
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Megalodontida : Ceratomyopsidae : Ceratomyopsis163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Corbicula
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Cyrenidae : Corbicula5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Dosinia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Dosinia23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Fimbria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Fimbria157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Glossus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Glossidae : Glossus163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Lucina
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucina166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Mactromya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Mactromyidae : Mactromya155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Pseudisocardia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Pseudisocardia166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Pseudotrapezium
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Trapezidae : Pseudotrapezium166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Tancredia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tancrediidae : Tancredia163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Tellina
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Unicardium
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Mactromyidae : Unicardium157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Apricardia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hippuritida : Requieniidae : Apricardia72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Biradiolites
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hippuritida : Radiolitidae : Biradiolites83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Bournonia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hippuritida : Radiolitidae : Bournonia72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Dictyoptychus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hippuritida : Trechmannellidae : Dictyoptychus72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Hippuritella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hippuritida : Hippuritidae : Hippuritella72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Lapeirousella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hippuritida : Radiolitidae : Lapeirousella72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Praeradiolites
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hippuritida : Radiolitidae : Praeradiolites72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Sauvagesia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hippuritida : Radiolitidae : Sauvagesia72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Vaccinites
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hippuritida : Hippuritidae : Vaccinites83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Ceratomya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Ceratomyidae : Ceratomya166.1 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Cercomya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Laternulidae : Cercomya166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Homomya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Homomya161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya166.1 - 122.46 Ma
Mesozoic
Plectomya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Laternulidae : Plectomya157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Arachnida
class		Animalia : Arthropoda : Arachnida23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Myriapoda
class		Animalia : Arthropoda : Myriapoda20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Cyprideis
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Cyprideis2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Cypridopsis
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Cyprididae : Cypridopsis2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Crepis
genus		Animalia : Bryozoa : Gymnolaemata : Cheilostomatida : Cymuloporidae : Crepis5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Brachiopoda
phylum		Animalia : Brachiopoda161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Rhynchonellida
order		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Amydroptychus
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Amydroptychus161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Colpotoria
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Colpotoria161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Cymatorhynchia
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Cymatorhynchia161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Daghanirhynchia
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Daghanirhynchia161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Rhactorhynchia
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Rhactorhynchia166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Rhynchonella
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Rhynchonellidae : Rhynchonella166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Septaliphoria
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Cyclothyrididae : Septaliphoria161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Somalirhynchia
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Somalirhynchia166.1 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Terebratulida
order		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Cererithyris
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Cererithyris166.1 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Monsardithyris
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Lissajousithyrididae : Monsardithyris161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Plectoidothyris
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Postepithyrididae : Plectoidothyris170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Sphaeroidothyris
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Sphaeroidothyris170.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Eudesia (Sphriganaria)
subgenus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Eudesiidae : Eudesia : Eudesia (Sphriganaria)161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Terebratula
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Terebratulidae : Terebratula166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Crinoidea
class		Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Millericrinus
genus		Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea : Millericrinida : Millericrinus168.3 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Rhabdocidaris
genus		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Cidaroida : Rhabdocidaridae : Rhabdocidaris163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Acrosalenia
genus		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Salenioida : Acrosaleniidae : Acrosalenia163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Acrocidaris
genus		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Pseudodiadematidae : Acrocidaris157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Hemicidaris
genus		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Hemicidaridae : Hemicidaris168.3 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Clypeus
genus		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Cassiduloida : Clypeidae : Clypeus168.3 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Echinolampas
genus		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Echinolampadoida : Echinolampadidae : Echinolampas23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Hybodus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Hybodontiformes : Hybodontidae : Hybodus152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Rhinobatos
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Rajiformes : Rhinobatidae : Rhinobatos152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Osteichthyes
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes125 - 0 Ma
Phanerozoic
Lepidotes
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Lepisosteiformes : Lepidotes237 - 145 Ma
Mesozoic
Pycnodus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Pycnodontiformes : Pycnodontidae : Pycnodus152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Siluriformes
order		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Siluriformes0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Tetraodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Tetraodontiformes : Tetraodontidae : Tetraodon23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Amphibia
class		Animalia : Chordata : Amphibia2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Temnospondyli
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli272.3 - 242 Ma
Phanerozoic
Reptilia
class		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia13.82 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Crocodylia
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia125 - 3.6 Ma
Phanerozoic
Aves
class		Animalia : Chordata : Aves100.5 - 0 Ma
Phanerozoic
Mammalia
class		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia47.8 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Sirenia
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Sirenia48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Carnivora
order		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora28.1 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Enhydriodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Enhydriodon7.246 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Pipidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Anura : Pipidae2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Xenopus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Anura : Pipidae : Xenopus28.4 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Ranidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Amphibia : Anura : Ranidae2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Captorhinus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Captorhinidae : Captorhinus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Pleurodira
suborder		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Pleurodira5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Pelomedusidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Pelomedusidae152.1 - 0.0117 Ma
Phanerozoic
Podocnemis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Podocnemididae : Podocnemis5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Trionychidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae20.44 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Cyclanorbis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae : Cyclanorbis23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Cycloderma
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae : Cycloderma5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Trionyx
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae : Trionyx13.82 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Plesiochelyidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Plesiochelyidae152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Testudinidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Geochelone
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : Geochelone5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Kinixys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : Kinixys2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Testudo
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : Testudo15.97 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Pleurosternidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Pleurosternidae152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Agamidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Agamidae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Chamaeleonidae
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Chameleon13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Gekkonidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Gekkonidae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Lacertidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Lacertidae28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Varanidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Varanidae7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Varanus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Varanidae : Varanus23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Serpentes
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Serpentes28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Booidea
superfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Booidea28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Boidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Boidae2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Python
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Pythonidae : Python23.03 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Colubroidea
superfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Colubroidea28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Colubridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Colubridae23.03 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Elapidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Elapidae28.4 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Naja
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Elapidae : Naja5.333 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Viperidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Viperidae2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Bitis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Viperidae : Bitis5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Archosauromorpha
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Archosauromorpha247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Hyperodapedon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Rhynchosauria : Rhynchosauridae : Hyperodapedon237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Stenaulorhynchus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Rhynchosauria : Rhynchosauridae : Stenaulorhynchus247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Goniopholis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Goniopholididae : Goniopholis152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Araripesuchus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Araripesuchus125 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Crocodylidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae28.4 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Crocodylus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Crocodylus23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Euthecodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Euthecodon23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Osteolaemus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Osteolaemus11.608 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Theropoda
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Theropoda237 - 72.1 Ma
Mesozoic
Spinosaurus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Spinosauridae : Spinosaurus145 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Sauropodomorpha
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Sauropodomorpha201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Sauropoda
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Sauropoda145 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Brachiosauridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Brachiosauridae152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Titanosauridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Titanosauridae145 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Titanosaurus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Titanosauridae : Titanosaurus145 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Ornithischia
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia145 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Ornithopoda
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Ornithopoda145 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Hypsilophodontidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Hypsilophodontidae152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Therapsida
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Therapsida259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Anteosauridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Anteosauridae272.3 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Tapinocephalidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Tapinocephalidae272.3 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Dicynodontia
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Dicynodontia272.3 - 242 Ma
Phanerozoic
Endothiodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Endothiodon298.9 - 252.17 Ma
Paleozoic
Dicynodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Dicynodon259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Pristerodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pristerodon259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Emydops
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Emydops259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Cistecephalidae
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Cistecephalidae259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Gorgonopsia
suborder		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopsia259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Gorgonopidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae272.3 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Aelurognathus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Aelurognathus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Aloposaurus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Aloposaurus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Dinogorgon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Dinogorgon259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Scylacops
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Scylacops259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Sycosaurus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Sycosaurus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Therocephalia
order		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Theriognathus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Whaitsiidae : Theriognathus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Cynodontia
family		Animalia : Chordata : Cynodontia247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Procynosuchus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Procynosuchidae : Procynosuchus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Diademodontidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Diademodontidae247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Trirachodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Trirachodontidae : Trirachodon247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Traversodontidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Traversodontidae247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Scalenodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Traversodontidae : Scalenodon247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Struthionidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Struthioniformes : Struthionidae5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Struthio
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Struthioniformes : Struthionidae : Struthio13.82 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Accipitridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae13.82 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Phasianidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Galliformes : Phasianidae5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Columbidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Columbiformes : Columbidae2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Columba
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Columbiformes : Columbidae : Columba2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Otus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Strigiformes : Strigidae : Otus20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Ciconiiformes
order		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Ciconiiformes20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Ciconiidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Ciconiiformes : Ciconiidae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pelecanus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Pelecaniformes : Pelecanidae : Pelecanus2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Phalacrocorax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Suliformes : Phalacrocoracidae : Phalacrocorax2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Macroscelididae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Macroscelidea : Macroscelididae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Elephantulus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Macroscelidea : Macroscelididae : Elephantulus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Myohyrax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Macroscelidea : Macroscelididae : Myohyrax13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Miorhynchocyon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Macroscelidea : Macroscelididae : Miorhynchocyon22.4 - 20 Ma
Miocene
Rhynchocyon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Macroscelidea : Macroscelididae : Rhynchocyon28.1 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Galeopithecidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Galeopithecidae13.82 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Insectivora
order		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Insectivora28.1 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Amphechinus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Erinaceomorpha : Erinaceidae : Amphechinus20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Soricidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Soricomorpha : Soricidae23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Crocidura
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Soricomorpha : Soricidae : Crocidura2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Myosorex
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Soricomorpha : Soricidae : Myosorex2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Suncus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Soricomorpha : Soricidae : Suncus2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Sylvisorex
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Soricomorpha : Soricidae : Sylvisorex2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Prochrysochloris
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Afrosoricida : Chrysochloridae : Prochrysochloris20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Chiroptera
order		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera20.44 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Taphozous
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Emballonuridae : Taphozous22.4 - 20 Ma
Miocene
Cardioderma
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Megadermatidae : Cardioderma2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Hipposideros
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Hipposideridae : Hipposideros0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Myzopoda
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Myzopodidae : Myzopoda2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Primates
order		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Lorisidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Lorisidae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Komba
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Lorisidae : Komba22.4 - 20 Ma
Miocene
Progalago
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Lorisidae : Progalago20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Anthropoidea
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Anthropoidea28.4 - 13.82 Ma
Cenozoic
Cercopithecoidea
superfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecoidea20.44 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Cercopithecidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae13.82 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Cercocebus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Cercocebus0.781 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Cercopithecoides
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Cercopithecoides1.806 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Colobus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Colobus2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Papio
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Papio7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Paracolobus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Paracolobus23.03 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Parapapio
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Parapapio5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Theropithecus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Theropithecus7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Victoriapithecus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Victoriapithecus15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Hominoidea
superfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominoidea22.4 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Dendropithecus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Pliopithecidae : Dendropithecus20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Dryopithecus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Dryopithecus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Proconsul
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Proconsulidae : Proconsul22.4 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Sivapithecus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Pongidae : Sivapithecus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Hominidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae15.97 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Australopithecus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Australopithecus7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Homo
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Homo7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Creodonta
order		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Creodonta28.1 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Dissopsalis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Dissopsalis13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Hyaenodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Hyaenodon20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Leakitherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Leakitherium20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Masrasector
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Masrasector28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Teratodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Teratodon28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Viverridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Atilax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Atilax7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Crossarchus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Crossarchus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Civettictis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae : Civettictis2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Cynictis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Cynictis2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Genetta
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae : Genetta13.82 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Helogale
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Helogale5.333 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Herpestes
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Herpestes5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Mungos
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Mungos5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Pseudocivetta
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae : Pseudocivetta2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Hyaenidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Hyaena
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Hyaena5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Pachycrocuta
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Pachycrocuta7.246 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Percrocuta
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Percrocuta13.82 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Felidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Dinofelis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Dinofelis5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Felis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Felis5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Homotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Homotherium23.03 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Megantereon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Megantereon5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Panthera
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Panthera5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Arctoidea
superfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Arctoidea7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Mustelidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Aonyx
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Aonyx2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Lutra
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Lutra5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Canidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae20.44 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Canis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Canis5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Otocyon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Otocyon3.6 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Vulpes
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Vulpes5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Amphicyonidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Afrocyon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : Afrocyon20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Cynelos
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : Cynelos22.4 - 20 Ma
Miocene
Rodentia
order		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia28.1 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Sciuridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae15.97 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Vulcanisciurus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae : Vulcanisciurus20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Xerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae : Xerus5.333 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Cricetidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Cricetidae13.82 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Afrocricetodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Afrocricetodon20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Leakeymys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Leakeymys13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Notocricetodon
genus		Cricetodontidae : Notocricetodon22.4 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Paratarsomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Cricetidae : Paratarsomys20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Pseudocricetodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Pseudocricetodon22.4 - 20 Ma
Miocene
Tatera
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Tatera5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Muridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae7.246 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Acomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Acomys23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Aethomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Aethomys2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Arvicanthis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Arvicanthis2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Dasymys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Dasymys2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Dendromus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Nesomyidae : Dendromus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Lemniscomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Lemniscomys0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Mastomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Mastomys5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Mus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Mus2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Otomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Murina : Otomys2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Pelomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Pelomys2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Rattus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Rattus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Saccostomus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Nesomyidae : Saccostomus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Steatomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Nesomyidae : Steatomys5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Thallomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Thallomys5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Zelotomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Zelotomys2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Pedetidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Pedetidae28.1 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Megapedetes
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Pedetidae : Megapedetes28.1 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Pedetes
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Glires : Ierboidae : Pedetes5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Anomaluridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Anomaluridae15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Paranomalurus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Anomaluridae : Paranomalurus28.1 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Zenkerella
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Anomaluridae : Zenkerella22.4 - 20 Ma
Miocene
Bathyergidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Bathyergidae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Bathyergoides
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Bathyergoididae : Bathyergoides28.1 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Heterocephalus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Bathyergidae : Heterocephalus5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Hystricidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Hystricidae7.246 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Hystrix
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Hystricidae : Hystrix7.246 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Xenohystrix
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Hystricidae : Xenohystrix7.246 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Phiomyidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Phiomyidae28.4 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Andrewsimys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Phiomyidae : Andrewsimys22.4 - 20 Ma
Miocene
Paraphiomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Thryonomyidae : Paraphiomys28.1 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Thryonomyidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Thryonomyidae15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Epiphiomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Thryonomyidae : Epiphiomys20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Thryonomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Thryonomyidae : Thryonomys5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Diamantomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Diamantomyidae : Diamantomys23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Simonimys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Kenyamyidae : Simonimys22.4 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Elmerimys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Myophiomyidae : Elmerimys20.44 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Lagomorpha
order		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Ochotonidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Ochotonidae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Leporidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae11.62 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Alilepus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae : Alilepus7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Lepus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae : Lepus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Suidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Bunolistriodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Bunolistriodon13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Hylochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Hylochoerus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Kolpochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Kolpochoerus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Kubanochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Kubanochoerus20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Listriodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Listriodon15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Mesochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Mesochoerus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Metridiochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Metridiochoerus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Notochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Notochoerus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Nyanzachoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Nyanzachoerus23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Phacochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Phacochoerus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Potamochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Potamochoerus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Sanitherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Palaeochoeridae : Sanitherium13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Sivachoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Sivachoerus11.62 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Sus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Sus0.781 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Tayassuidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tayassuidae15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Anthracotheriidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Anthracotheriidae28.1 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippopotamidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae15.97 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Hexaprotodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hexaprotodon5.333 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippopotamus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hippopotamus23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Camelidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Camelus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Camelus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Ruminantia
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Ruminantia20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Tragulidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tragulidae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Dorcatherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tragulidae : Dorcatherium20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Palaeomeryx
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Palaeomerycidae : Palaeomeryx20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Giraffidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Giraffa
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Giraffa7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Palaeotragus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Palaeotragus15.97 - 9.7 Ma
Miocene
Samotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Samotherium13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Sivatherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Sivatherium5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Bovidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Aepyceros
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Aepyceros23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Alcelaphus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Alcelaphus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Antidorcas
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Antidorcas5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Beatragus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Beatragus2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Bos
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Bos2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Cephalophus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Cephalophus7.246 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Damaliscus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Damaliscus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Eotragus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Eotragus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Gazella
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Gazella13.82 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippotragus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Hippotragus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Kobus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Kobus23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Madoqua
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Madoqua11.62 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Megalotragus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Megalotragus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Menelikia
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Menelikia5.333 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Oioceros
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Oioceros13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Oryx
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Oryx5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Pachytragus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Pachytragus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Parmularius
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Parmularius2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Pelea
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Pelea5.333 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Pelorovis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Pelorovis3.6 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Protragocerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Protragocerus15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Pseudotragus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Pseudotragus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Raphicerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Raphicerus5.333 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Redunca
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Redunca5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Simatherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Simatherium5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Syncerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Syncerus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Tragelaphus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Tragelaphus11.62 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Ugandax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Ugandax7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Equidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Equus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Equus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Hipparion
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Hipparion23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Chalicotheriidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Chalicotheriidae23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Ancylotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Chalicotheriidae : Ancylotherium11.62 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Chalicotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Chalicotheriidae : Chalicotherium20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Rhinocerotidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Aceratherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Aceratherium15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Brachypotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Brachypotherium20 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Ceratotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Ceratotherium23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Chilotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Chilotherium20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Dicerorhinus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Dicerorhinus23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Paradiceros
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Paradiceros23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Proboscidea
order		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea28.1 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Gomphotheriidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae22.4 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Anancus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Anancus7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Choerolophodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : Choerolophodon13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Gomphotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : Gomphotherium28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Palaeomastodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : Palaeomastodon28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Phiomia
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : Phiomia28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Protanancus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : Protanancus15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Stegotetrabelodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Stegotetrabelodon23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Elephantidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Elephas
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Elephas5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Loxodonta
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Loxodonta23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Mammuthus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Mammuthus23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Primelephas
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Primelephas7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Stegodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Stegodontidae : Stegodon0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Deinotheriidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Deinotheriidae7.246 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Deinotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Deinotheriidae : Deinotherium20 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Procaviidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Procaviidae13.82 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Procavia
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Procaviidae : Procavia2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Bunohyrax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : Bunohyrax28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Megalohyrax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : Megalohyrax28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Meroehyrax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : Meroehyrax20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Pachyhyrax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : Pachyhyrax28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Myorycteropus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Tubulidentata : Orycteropodidae : Myorycteropus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Orycteropus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Tubulidentata : Orycteropodidae : Orycteropus28.1 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Crocuta
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Crocuta7.246 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Panthera leo
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Panthera : Panthera leo2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Taurotragus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Taurotragus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Dinosauria
order		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria145 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Tetanurae
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Tetanurae152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Mesoeucrocodylia
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Mesoeucrocodylia237 - 145 Ma
Mesozoic
Crocodyliformes
suborder		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Crocodyliformes100.5 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Crocodylomorpha
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Crocodylomorpha11.608 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Acacia
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fabales : Fabaceae : Acacia23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Celtis
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Cannabaceae : Celtis13.82 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Cyperaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Liliopsida : Poales : Cyperaceae5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Poaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Liliopsida : Poales : Poaceae23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Actinastrea
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Astrocoeniidae : Actinastrea83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Euphorbiaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malpighiales : Euphorbiaceae13.82 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Rhamnaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Rhamnaceae13.82 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Sterculiaceae
family		Plantae : Spermatophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malvales : Sterculiaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Ficus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Moraceae : Ficus23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Malvaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malvales : Malvaceae2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Sapotaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Ericales : Sapotaceae23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Praomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Praomys2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Cladocora tenuis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Faviidae : Cladocora : Cladocora tenuis59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Ophidia
suborder		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Ophidia20.44 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Amphiastrea basaltiformis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Amphiastraeidae : Amphiastrea : Amphiastrea basaltiformis161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Plantae
kingdom		Plantae125 - 0.781 Ma
Phanerozoic
Stephanastrea ramulifera
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Actinastreidae : Stephanastrea : Stephanastrea ramulifera163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Dasycladaceae
family		Plantae : Chlorophyta : Ulvophyceae : Dasycladales : Dasycladaceae83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Sporolithon
genus		Plantae : Rhodophyta : Florideophyceae : Corallinales : Sporolithaceae : Sporolithon83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Halimeda
genus		Plantae : Chlorophyta : Ulvophyceae : Bryopsidales : Halimedaceae : Halimeda83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Dromaeosaurinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Avetheropoda : Dromaeosauridae : Dromaeosaurinae152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Palmae
family		Plantae : Angiospermae : Arecales : Palmae1.806 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Liliaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Liliopsida : Liliales : Liliaceae1.806 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Salix
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malpighiales : Salicaceae : Salix5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Menispermaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Ranunculales : Menispermaceae13.82 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Leguminosae
family		Plantae : Spermatophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fabales : Leguminosae23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Canarium
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Sapindales : Burseraceae : Canarium23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Meliaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Sapindales : Meliaceae23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Acalypha
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malpighiales : Euphorbiaceae : Acalypha13.82 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Celastraceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Celastrales : Celastraceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Icacinaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Icacinales : Icacinaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Rhus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Sapindales : Anacardiaceae : Rhus5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Sapindaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Sapindales : Sapindaceae13.82 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Myrtaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Myrtales : Myrtaceae13.82 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Combretaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Myrtales : Combretaceae5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Diospyros
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Ericales : Ebenaceae : Diospyros23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Ebenaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Ericales : Ebenaceae5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Apocynaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Gentianales : Apocynaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Compositae
family		Plantae : Spermatophyta : Magnoliopsida : Asterales : Compositae5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Polypodiaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Polypodiales : Polypodiaceae2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Taxodiaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Taxodiaceae1.806 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Pteridophyta
phylum		Plantae : Pteridophyta7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Vulcanodon karibaensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Vulcanodon : Vulcanodon karibaensis199.3 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Pareiasaurus serridens
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pareiasauridae : Pareiasaurus : Pareiasaurus serridens259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Pinus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Pinaceae : Pinus1.806 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Equisetum
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Equisetales : Equisetaceae : Equisetum1.806 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Anthocerotopsida
class		Plantae : Anthocerotophyta : Anthocerotopsida2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Sivoreas eremita
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Sivoreas : Sivoreas eremita13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Monocotyledoneae
subclass		Plantae : Angiospermae : Monocotyledoneae1.806 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Annonaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Magnoliales : Annonaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Aizoaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Caryophyllales : Aizoaceae1.806 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Amaranthaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Caryophyllales : Amaranthaceae1.806 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Chenopodiaceae
family		Plantae : Spermatophyta : Magnoliopsida : Caryophyllales : Chenopodiaceae5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Flacourtiaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Flacourtiaceae1.806 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Violaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malpighiales : Violaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Trapa
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Myrtales : Lythraceae : Trapa23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Ericaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Ericales : Ericaceae5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Gramineae
family		Plantae : Angiospermae : Cyperales : Gramineae13.82 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Myrica
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fagales : Myricaceae : Myrica2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Tiliaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malvales : Tiliaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Urticaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Urticaceae2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Capparidaceae
family		Plantae : Spermatophyta : Magnoliopsida : Capparidales : Capparidaceae5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Salvadoraceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Brassicales : Salvadoraceae1.806 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Olacaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Santalales : Olacaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Rutaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Sapindales : Rutaceae13.82 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Umbelliferae
family		Plantae : Spermatophyta : Magnoliopsida : Apiales : Umbelliferae5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Gentianaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Gentianales : Gentianaceae5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Loganiaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Gentianales : Loganiaceae13.82 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Acanthaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Lamiales : Acanthaceae13.82 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Rubiaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Gentianales : Rubiaceae13.82 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Commelinaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Liliopsida : Commelinales : Commelinaceae13.82 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Dioscoreaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Liliopsida : Dioscoreales : Dioscoreaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Panthera gombaszoegensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Panthera : Panthera gombaszoegensis5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Ziziphus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Rhamnaceae : Ziziphus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Sphenopteris
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Lyginopteridaceae : Sphenopteris272.3 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Hippotragini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Hippotragini7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Taeniopteris
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Cycadopsida : Cycadales : Crossozamiaceae : Taeniopteris272.3 - 265.1 Ma
Permian
Chaetetidae
family		Animalia : Porifera : Chaetetidae161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Testudines
order		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines100.5 - 0.126 Ma
Phanerozoic
Isastrea
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Montlivaltiidae : Isastrea161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Hybodontidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Hybodontiformes : Hybodontidae247.2 - 145 Ma
Mesozoic
Insecta
class		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Anomodontia
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Anomodontia259.9 - 242 Ma
Phanerozoic
Cotylosauria
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Pareiasauria
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pareiasauria259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Anthodon serrarius
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Stegosauridae : Paranthodon : Anthodon serrarius259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Endothiodon bathystoma
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Endothiodon : Endothiodon bathystoma259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Pristerodon mackayi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pristerodon : Pristerodon mackayi259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Cistecephalus microrhinus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Cistecephalidae : Cistecephalus : Cistecephalus microrhinus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Kannemeyeria simocephala
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Kannemeyeria : Kannemeyeria simocephala247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Daptocephalus leoniceps
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Daptocephalus : Daptocephalus leoniceps259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Diictodon feliceps
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pylaecephalidae : Diictodon : Diictodon feliceps259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Cynognathus crateronotus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Cynognathus : Cynognathus crateronotus247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Archosauriformes
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Archosauriformes247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Diplopoda
class		Animalia : Arthropoda : Diplopoda20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Malawisaurus dixeyi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Malawisaurus : Malawisaurus dixeyi125 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Linyphiidae
family		Animalia : Arthropoda : Arachnida : Araneae : Linyphiidae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Dipnoi
subclass		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Dipnoi247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Ceratodontidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Ceratodontidae152.1 - 72.1 Ma
Mesozoic
Bubo
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Strigiformes : Strigidae : Bubo5.333 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Astartidae
family		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Cardiidae
family		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Clementia (Clementia) papyracea
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Clementia : Clementia (Clementia) papyracea23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Limidae
family		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Nerineidae
family		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Nerineidae168.3 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Pisidium
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Sphaeriida : Sphaeriidae : Pisidium0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Planorbidae
family		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Planorbidae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Protocardia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Protocardia155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Sphaeriidae
family		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Sphaeriida : Sphaeriidae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Unio
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Unionida : Unionidae : Unio247.2 - 0.0117 Ma
Phanerozoic
Unionidae
family		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Unionida : Unionidae247.2 - 15.97 Ma
Phanerozoic
Viviparidae
family		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Viviparidae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Teleostei
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Teleostei125 - 23.03 Ma
Phanerozoic
Bagridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Bagridae5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Alethinophidia
infraorder		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Alethinophidia28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Dasyatidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Myliobatiformes : Dasyatidae1.806 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Semionotidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Semionotiformes : Semionotidae152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Cyprinidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Cypriniformes : Cyprinidae13.82 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Barbus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Cypriniformes : Cyprinidae : Barbus23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Python sebae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Pythonidae : Python : Python sebae23.03 - 0.126 Ma
Cenozoic
Priohybodus arambourgi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Hybodontiformes : Hybodontidae : Priohybodus : Priohybodus arambourgi152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Asiatoceratodus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Ceratodontiformes : Neoceratodontidae : Asiatoceratodus152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Machairodontinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Machairodontinae5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Megaloolithidae
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Megaloolithidae100.5 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Hipparionini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Hipparionini7.246 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Karongasaurus gittelmani
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Karongasaurus : Karongasaurus gittelmani125 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Paraxerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae : Paraxerus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Kenyasus namaquensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Kenyasus : Kenyasus namaquensis15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Vertebrata
subphylum		Animalia : Chordata : Vertebrata2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Malawisuchus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Itasuchidae : Malawisuchus125 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Malawisuchus mwakasyungutiensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Itasuchidae : Malawisuchus : Malawisuchus mwakasyungutiensis125 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Bothremydidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Bothremydidae47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Actinopterygii
class		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Pythonidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Pythonidae23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Anas
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Anas0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Apodecter
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Thryonomyidae : Apodecter22.4 - 20 Ma
Miocene
Afrochoerodon kisumuensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : Afrochoerodon : Afrochoerodon kisumuensis15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Dicynodon huenei
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Dicynodon : Dicynodon huenei259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Stenaulorhynchus stockleyi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Rhynchosauria : Rhynchosauridae : Stenaulorhynchus : Stenaulorhynchus stockleyi247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Stenaulorhynchus major
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Rhynchosauria : Rhynchosauridae : Stenaulorhynchus : Stenaulorhynchus major247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Coleoptera
order		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Cerambycidae
family		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Cerambycidae23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Cymopolia
genus		Plantae : Chlorophyta : Ulvophyceae : Dasycladales : Dasycladaceae : Cymopolia83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Diptera
order		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Diptera23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Formicidae
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Formicidae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Melosira
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Melosirales : Melosiraceae : Melosira3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Lepidoptera
order		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Lepidoptera23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Lithostrotia
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Lithostrotia100.5 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Ichneumia
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Ichneumia7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Modiolus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus166.1 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Hippopotamus amphibius
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hippopotamus : Hippopotamus amphibius5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippopotamus gorgops
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hippopotamus : Hippopotamus gorgops5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippopotamus kaisensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hippopotamus : Hippopotamus kaisensis23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippopotamus karumensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hippopotamus : Hippopotamus karumensis3.6 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Hexaprotodon imaguncula
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hexaprotodon : Hexaprotodon imaguncula23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Kenyapotamus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Kenyapotamus11.1 - 9.7 Ma
Miocene
Kenyapotamus coryndonae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Kenyapotamus : Kenyapotamus coryndonae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Kenyapotamus ternani
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Kenyapotamus : Kenyapotamus ternani15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Azhdarchidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pterosauria : Azhdarchidae93.9 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pseudocyclammina
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Loftusiida : Cyclamminidae : Pseudocyclammina166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Juniperus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Cupressaceae : Juniperus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Caesalpiniaceae
subfamily		Plantae : Spermatophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fabales : Caesalpiniaceae23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Cyclotella
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Thalassiosirales : Stephanodiscaceae : Cyclotella3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Nitzschia
genus		Bacillariophyta : Nitzschia3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Synedra
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Fragilariales : Fragilariaceae : Synedra3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Pleurostylina corallina
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Amphiastraeidae : Pleurostylina : Pleurostylina corallina163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Praeanthropus africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Praeanthropus : Praeanthropus africanus7.246 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Australopithecus africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Australopithecus : Australopithecus africanus5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Paranthropus boisei
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Paranthropus : Paranthropus boisei5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Homo rudolfensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Homo : Homo rudolfensis5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Homo habilis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Homo : Homo habilis2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Homo erectus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Homo : Homo erectus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Homo sapiens
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Homo : Homo sapiens5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Ardipithecus ramidus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Ardipithecus : Ardipithecus ramidus7.246 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippopotamus protamphibius
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hippopotamus : Hippopotamus protamphibius5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippopotamus aethiopicus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hippopotamus : Hippopotamus aethiopicus3.6 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Achnanthes
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Achnanthales : Achnanthaceae : Achnanthes3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Cymbella
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Cymbellales : Cymbellaceae : Cymbella3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Fragilaria
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Fragilariales : Fragilariaceae : Fragilaria3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Acropora tergestina
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Acroporidae : Acropora : Acropora tergestina59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Cladocora rosicensis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Caryophylliidae : Cladocora : Cladocora rosicensis59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Astrocoenia gregoryi
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Astrocoeniidae : Astrocoenia : Astrocoenia gregoryi59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Astrocoenia immersa
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Astrocoeniidae : Astrocoenia : Astrocoenia immersa59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Cycloseris striata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Fungiidae : Cycloseris : Cycloseris striata59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Dendrophyllia candelabrum
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Dendrophylliidae : Dendrophyllia : Dendrophyllia candelabrum59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Paracyathus altus
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Caryophylliidae : Paracyathus : Paracyathus altus59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Stephanocoenia tricoronata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Astrocoeniidae : Stephanocoenia : Stephanocoenia tricoronata59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Stylocoenia ranikoti
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Astrocoeniidae : Stylocoenia : Stylocoenia ranikoti59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Trypanites
genus		Trypanites161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Listromycter leakeyi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Amphisbaenidae : Listromycter : Listromycter leakeyi23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Lophocranion rusingense
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Amphisbaenidae : Lophocranion : Lophocranion rusingense23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Nucula (Palaeonucula) cuneiformis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Palaeonucula : Nucula (Palaeonucula) cuneiformis166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Parringtonia gracilis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Erpetosuchidae : Parringtonia : Parringtonia gracilis247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Lithocodium
genus		Plantae : Chlorophyta : Ulvophyceae : Bryopsidales : Codiaceae : Lithocodium83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Saghatheriinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : Saghatheriinae28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Palaeomastodontidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Palaeomastodontidae28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Pterodon africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Pterodon : Pterodon africanus20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Gigantochersina ammon
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : Gigantochersina : Gigantochersina ammon5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Caprinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Caprinae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Lamellaptychus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Lamellaptychidae : Lamellaptychus157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Artiodactyla
order		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Subulinidae
family		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Stylommatophora : Subulinidae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Shuvosauridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Shuvosauridae247.2 - 228 Ma
Triassic
Equus (Dolichohippus) grevyi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Equus : Equus (Dolichohippus) grevyi2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Equus quagga
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Equus : Equus quagga2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Protopterus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Ceratodontiformes : Lepidosirenidae : Protopterus28.4 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Oudenodon bainii
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Oudenodontidae : Oudenodon : Oudenodon bainii259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Osteoglossomorpha
superorder		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Osteoglossomorpha100.5 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Myocricetodontinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Myocricetodontinae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Funisciurus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae : Funisciurus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Protoxerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae : Protoxerus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Heliosciurus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae : Heliosciurus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Papionini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Papionini5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Chlorocebus aethiops
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Chlorocebus : Chlorocebus aethiops2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Gekkota
infraorder		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Gekkota28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Darwinula
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Darwinulidae : Darwinula2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Caprini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Caprini3.6 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Hemiptera
order		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Actinopteri
class		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Pristerodontinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Pristerodontidae : Pristerodontinae259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Burnetiidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Burnetiidae272.3 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Zygolophodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Mammutidae : Zygolophodon28.1 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Tragelaphus gaudryi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Tragelaphus : Tragelaphus gaudryi5.333 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Megistotherium osteothlastes
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Megistotherium : Megistotherium osteothlastes13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Hyainailouros
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyainailouros28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Hyainailouros napakensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyainailouros : Hyainailouros napakensis20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Loricata
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Loricata247.2 - 228 Ma
Triassic
Anura
order		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Anura125 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Samburupithecus kiptalami
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Samburupithecus : Samburupithecus kiptalami11.62 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Metapterodon stromeri
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Pterodon : Metapterodon stromeri20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Metapterodon kaiseri
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Pterodon : Metapterodon kaiseri20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Isohyaenodon zadoki
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodonta : Hyainailouridae : Isohyaenodon : Isohyaenodon zadoki20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Isohyaenodon pilgrimi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Hyaenodon : Isohyaenodon pilgrimi20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Afropithecus turkanensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Victoriapithecidae : Afropithecus : Afropithecus turkanensis22.4 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Dendrohyrax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Procaviidae : Dendrohyrax0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Limnocythere
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Limnocytheridae : Limnocythere2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Ilyocypris
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Cyprididae : Ilyocypris2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Apterodon gaudryi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Apterodon : Apterodon gaudryi28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Modiola (Lithophagus)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus : Modiola (Lithophagus)157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Numida
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Galliformes : Numididae : Numida5.333 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Melanoides
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Thiaridae : Melanoides2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Dendostrea folium
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Dendostrea : Dendostrea folium23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Insectivora
superorder		Insectivora20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Bovini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Bovini7.246 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Tragelaphini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Tragelaphini11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Boselaphini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Boselaphini13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Aepycerotini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Aepycerotini5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Antilopini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Antilopini11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Cephalophini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Cephalophini13.82 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Reduncini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Reduncini13.82 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Alcelaphini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Alcelaphini23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Okapia
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Okapia5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Equatorius africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Equatorius : Equatorius africanus23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Kenyapithecus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Kenyapithecus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Arsinoitherium giganteum
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Arsinoitheriidae : Arsinoitherium : Arsinoitherium giganteum28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Chilgatherium harrisi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Deinotheriidae : Chilgatherium : Chilgatherium harrisi28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Phiomia major
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : Phiomia : Phiomia major28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Galago
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Galagidae : Galago5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Nycteris
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Nycteridae : Nycteris5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Manis (Smutsia) gigantea
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Pholidota : Manidae : Smutsia : Manis (Smutsia) gigantea5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Hyaena hyaena
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Hyaena : Hyaena hyaena3.6 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Canis aureus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Canis : Canis aureus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Panthera pardus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Panthera : Panthera pardus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Herpestes ichneumon
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Herpestes : Herpestes ichneumon5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Genetta genetta
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae : Genetta : Genetta genetta0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Potamochoerus porcus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Potamochoerus : Potamochoerus porcus7.246 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Diceros bicornis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Diceros : Diceros bicornis23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Lepus capensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae : Lepus : Lepus capensis2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Rattus rattus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Rattus : Rattus rattus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Giraffa camelopardalis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Giraffa : Giraffa camelopardalis5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Capra hircus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Capra : Capra hircus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Oryx gazella
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Oryx : Oryx gazella5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Cephalophus grimmia
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Cephalophus : Cephalophus grimmia0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Ovis aries
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Ovis : Ovis aries0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Bos taurus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Bos : Bos taurus0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Polystrata alba
species		Plantae : Rhodophyta : Rhodophyceae : Cryptonemiales : Peyssonneliaceae : Polystrata : Polystrata alba83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Ougandatherium napakense
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Ougandatherium : Ougandatherium napakense20 - 16.9 Ma
Miocene
Gastrochaenolites
genus		Gastrochaenolites161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Prodeinotherium hobleyi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Deinotheriidae : Prodeinotherium : Prodeinotherium hobleyi20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Dendromurinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Nesomyidae : Dendromurinae7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Lophuromys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Lophuromys0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Tachyoryctes
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Spalacidae : Tachyoryctes0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Cricetomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Nesomyidae : Cricetomys2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Kenyasus kirimunensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Kenyasus : Kenyasus kirimunensis15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Libycochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Libycochoerus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Megalochoerus khinzikebirus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Megalochoerus : Megalochoerus khinzikebirus15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Lopholistriodon moruoroti
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Lopholistriodon : Lopholistriodon moruoroti15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Lopholistriodon pickfordi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Lopholistriodon : Lopholistriodon pickfordi15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Serengetilagus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae : Serengetilagus5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Graphiurus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Gliridae : Graphiurus2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Aegypiinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae : Aegypiinae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Testudinata
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudinata152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Diamantohyus africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Palaeochoeridae : Sanitherium : Diamantohyus africanus23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Chilotheridium pattersoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Chilotheridium : Chilotheridium pattersoni13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Apiocrinus
genus		Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea : Millericrinida : Apiocrinidae : Apiocrinus166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Hystrix cristata
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Hystricidae : Hystrix : Hystrix cristata5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Lithoconus antiquus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus : Lithoconus antiquus23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Lanistes
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullariidae : Lanistes23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Steineria somaliensis
species		Animalia : Porifera : Demospongea : Axinellida : Milleporellidae : Steinerina : Steineria somaliensis166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Kulutherium kenyensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Kulutherium : Kulutherium kenyensis23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Ceratotherium simum
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Ceratotherium : Ceratotherium simum7.246 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Actinastrea crassoramosa
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Actinastreidae : Actinastrea : Actinastrea crassoramosa161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Lochmaeosmilia trapeziformis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Amphiastreidae : Lochmaeosmilia : Lochmaeosmilia trapeziformis163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Cladophyllia excelsa
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Amphiastreidae : Cladophyllia : Cladophyllia excelsa155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Pseudocoenia limbata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Stylinidae : Pseudocoenia : Pseudocoenia limbata163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Calamophylliopsis flabellum
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Dermosmiliidae : Calamophylliopsis : Calamophylliopsis flabellum161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Bellamya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Viviparidae : Bellamya5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Kuphus polythalamia
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Teredinidae : Kuphus : Kuphus polythalamia23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Somalidacna lamellosa
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Somalidacna : Somalidacna lamellosa23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Stylophora conferta
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Pocilloporidae : Stylophora : Stylophora conferta33.9 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Xestosina subsella
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Postepithyrididae : Xestosina : Xestosina subsella166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Xestosina suprajurensis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Postepithyrididae : Xestosina : Xestosina suprajurensis166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Orycteropus afer
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Tubulidentata : Orycteropodidae : Orycteropus : Orycteropus afer2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Favia somaliensis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Faviidae : Favia : Favia somaliensis66 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Cladocora barkii
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Faviidae : Cladocora : Cladocora barkii59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Stephanaxophyllia bicoronata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Columastreidae : Stephanaxophyllia : Stephanaxophyllia bicoronata66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Maizania
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Maizaniidae : Maizania28.1 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Pachygyra savii
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Meandrinidae : Pachygyra : Pachygyra savii59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Reussicoenia edwardsi
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Phyllocoeniidae : Reussicoenia : Reussicoenia edwardsi66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Rimasuchus lloydi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Rimasuchus : Rimasuchus lloydi5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Galagoides
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Galagidae : Galagoides2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Liebea squamosa
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Myalinidae : Liebea : Liebea squamosa265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Hippotherium primigenium
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Hippotherium : Hippotherium primigenium7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Caprimulgus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Caprimulgiformes : Caprimulgidae : Caprimulgus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Cimomia karkarensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Hercoglossidae : Cimomia : Cimomia karkarensis47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Cimomia macfadyeni
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Hercoglossidae : Cimomia : Cimomia macfadyeni47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Cimomia pusilla
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Hercoglossidae : Cimomia : Cimomia pusilla56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Cimomia buccinaeformis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Hercoglossidae : Cimomia : Cimomia buccinaeformis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Cimomia hunti
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Hercoglossidae : Cimomia : Cimomia hunti47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Cimomia wylliei
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Hercoglossidae : Cimomia : Cimomia wylliei47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Cimomia septemcastrensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Hercoglossidae : Cimomia : Cimomia septemcastrensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Deltoidonautilus biyogorensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Hercoglossidae : Deltoidonautilus : Deltoidonautilus biyogorensis47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Deltoidonautilus molli
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Hercoglossidae : Deltoidonautilus : Deltoidonautilus molli56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Deltoidonautilus somaliensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Hercoglossidae : Deltoidonautilus : Deltoidonautilus somaliensis47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Deltoidonautilus spathi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Hercoglossidae : Deltoidonautilus : Deltoidonautilus spathi47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Hybodontoidei
suborder		Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Heterodontiformes : Hybodontoidei247.2 - 228 Ma
Triassic
Pelusios
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Pelomedusidae : Pelusios23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippurites cornucopiae
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hippuritida : Hippuritidae : Hippurites : Hippurites cornucopiae72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Stereospondyli
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli : Stereospondyli247.2 - 228 Ma
Triassic
Candonopsis
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Candonidae : Candonopsis23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Clarias
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Clariidae : Clarias15.97 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Clariidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Clariidae23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Lates
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Perciformes : Latidae : Lates23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Polypterus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Polypteriformes : Polypteridae : Polypterus28.4 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Gymnarchus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Osteoglossiformes : Gymnarchidae : Gymnarchus28.4 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Heterotis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Osteoglossiformes : Osteoglossidae : Heterotis28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Synodontis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Mochokidae : Synodontis23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Auchenoglanis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Bagridae : Auchenoglanis5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Podocnemidera
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Podocnemidera125 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Epistreptophyllum cornutiformis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Dermosmiliidae : Epistreptophyllum : Epistreptophyllum cornutiformis163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Comoseris meandrinoides
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Microsolenidae : Comoseris : Comoseris meandrinoides155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Masritherium aequatorialis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Anthracotheriidae : Masritherium : Masritherium aequatorialis22.4 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Hyoboops moneyi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Anthracotheriidae : Sivameryx : Hyoboops moneyi20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Nguruwe kijivium
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Nguruwe : Nguruwe kijivium20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Camptonectes lens
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Camptonectes : Camptonectes lens161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Kenyasus rusingensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Kenyasus : Kenyasus rusingensis20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Canthumeryx sirtensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Canthumeryx : Canthumeryx sirtensis20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Dorcatherium pigotti
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tragulidae : Dorcatherium : Dorcatherium pigotti20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Afrotragulus parvus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tragulidae : Afrotragulus : Afrotragulus parvus20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Afrosmilus africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Barbourofelidae : Afrosmilus : Afrosmilus africanus20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Simiolus enjiessi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Pliopithecidae : Simiolus : Simiolus enjiessi20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Eurygnathohippus turkanense
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Eurygnathohippus : Eurygnathohippus turkanense23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Eurygnathohippus libycum
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Eurygnathohippus : Eurygnathohippus libycum5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Eurygnathohippus hasumense
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Eurygnathohippus : Eurygnathohippus hasumense3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Phacochoerus aethiopicus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Phacochoerus : Phacochoerus aethiopicus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Theropithecus oswaldi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Theropithecus : Theropithecus oswaldi3.6 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Palaeoloxodon recki
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Elephas : Palaeoloxodon recki7.246 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Kolpochoerus majus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Kolpochoerus : Kolpochoerus majus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Kolpochoerus limnetes
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Kolpochoerus : Kolpochoerus limnetes7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Metridiochoerus andrewsi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Metridiochoerus : Metridiochoerus andrewsi5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Metridiochoerus modestus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Metridiochoerus : Metridiochoerus modestus3.6 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Giraffa jumae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Giraffa : Giraffa jumae5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Sivatherium maurusium
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Sivatherium : Sivatherium maurusium23.03 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Pelorovis oldowayensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Pelorovis : Pelorovis oldowayensis1.806 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Pelorovis antiquus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Pelorovis : Pelorovis antiquus1.806 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Pelorovis turkanensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Pelorovis : Pelorovis turkanensis2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Connochaetes taurina
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Connochaetes : Connochaetes taurina5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Connochaetes
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Connochaetes5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Connochaetes gentryi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Connochaetes : Connochaetes gentryi5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Damaliscus agelaius
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Damaliscus : Damaliscus agelaius1.806 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Collembola
class		Animalia : Arthropoda : Collembola23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Pila
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullariidae : Pila5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Tadarida rusingae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Molossidae : Tadarida : Tadarida rusingae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Varanus rusingensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Varanidae : Varanus : Varanus rusingensis20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Varanus niloticus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Varanidae : Varanus : Varanus niloticus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Equisetites
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Equisetales : Equisetaceae : Equisetites268.8 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Victoriapithecus macinnesi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Victoriapithecus : Victoriapithecus macinnesi22.4 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Kogolepithecus morotoensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Kogolepithecus : Kogolepithecus morotoensis22.4 - 20 Ma
Miocene
Limea strigillata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Limea : Limea strigillata163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Aegypius
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae : Aegypius5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Rubidgeinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Rubidgeinae259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Allocoeniopsis luciensis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Actinastreidae : Allocoeniopsis : Allocoeniopsis luciensis163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Cryptocoenia slovenica
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Stylinidae : Cryptocoenia : Cryptocoenia slovenica161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Amphiastrea piriformis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Amphiastraeidae : Amphiastrea : Amphiastrea piriformis166.1 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Isastrea explanata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Montlivaltiidae : Isastrea : Isastrea explanata163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Latiastrea minima
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Latomeandridae : Latiastrea : Latiastrea minima166.1 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Latiastrea greppini
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Latomeandridae : Latiastrea : Latiastrea greppini161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Pareiasuchus nasicornis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pareiasuchus : Pareiasuchus nasicornis259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Stylina thiessingi
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Stylinidae : Stylina : Stylina thiessingi163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Heliocoenia etalloni
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Stylinidae : Heliocoenia : Heliocoenia etalloni166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Collignonastraea grossouvrei
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Latomeandridae : Collignonastraea : Collignonastraea grossouvrei161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Heliocoenia costulata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Stylinidae : Heliocoenia : Heliocoenia costulata166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Goniopora microscopica
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Poritidae : Goniopora : Goniopora microscopica66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Micropithecus clarki
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Micropithecus : Micropithecus clarki20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Lomorupithecus harrisoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Lomorupithecus : Lomorupithecus harrisoni20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Micropithecus leakeyorum
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Micropithecus : Micropithecus leakeyorum13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Kalepithecus songhorensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Kalepithecus : Kalepithecus songhorensis20.44 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Kalepithecus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Kalepithecus15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Barbourofelidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Barbourofelidae23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Tubicora aylmeri
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Parasmiliidae : Tubicora : Tubicora aylmeri66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Afrohyrax championi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Titanohyracidae : Afrohyrax : Afrohyrax championi23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Heterohyrax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Procaviidae : Heterohyrax2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Heterohyrax brucei
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Procaviidae : Heterohyrax : Heterohyrax brucei0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Buteoninae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae : Buteoninae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Brachyhyrax aequatorialis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : Brachyhyrax : Brachyhyrax aequatorialis20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Actinastrea furcata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Actinastreidae : Actinastrea : Actinastrea furcata163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Heliocoenia corallina
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Stylinidae : Heliocoenia : Heliocoenia corallina163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Ovalastrea michelini
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Latomeandridae : Ovalastrea : Ovalastrea michelini161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Okapia johnstoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Okapia : Okapia johnstoni2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Cephalophus rufilatus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Cephalophus : Cephalophus rufilatus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Cephalophus leucogaster
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Cephalophus : Cephalophus leucogaster0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Cephalophus monticola
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Cephalophus : Cephalophus monticola2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Nanger granti
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Nanger : Nanger granti2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Litocranius walleri
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Litocranius : Litocranius walleri2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Ourebia
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Ourebia2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Ourebia ourebi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Ourebia : Ourebia ourebi2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Raphicerus campestris
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Raphicerus : Raphicerus campestris0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Hippotragus equinus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Hippotragus : Hippotragus equinus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Alcelaphus lichtensteinii
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Alcelaphus : Alcelaphus lichtensteinii2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Alcelaphus buselaphus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Alcelaphus : Alcelaphus buselaphus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Kobus ellipsiprymnus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Kobus : Kobus ellipsiprymnus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Redunca redunca
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Redunca : Redunca redunca2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Neotragus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Neotragus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Tragelaphus eurycerus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Tragelaphus : Tragelaphus eurycerus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Tragelaphus spekii
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Tragelaphus : Tragelaphus spekii7.246 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Tragelaphus angasii
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Tragelaphus : Tragelaphus angasii5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Syncerus caffer
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Syncerus : Syncerus caffer2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Eulophidae
family		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Eulophidae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Trichogrammatidae
family		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Trichogrammatidae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Mymaridae
family		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Mymaridae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Hydnophora rudis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Merulinidae : Hydnophora : Hydnophora rudis23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Montastrea irradians
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Montastraeidae : Montastraea : Montastrea irradians33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Isastrea bernensis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Merulinidae : Isastraea : Isastrea bernensis166.1 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Microphyllia brevivallis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Latomeandridae : Microphyllia : Microphyllia brevivallis161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Kobyastraea lomontiana
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Kobyastraeidae : Kobyastraea : Kobyastraea lomontiana166.1 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Dasyatis africana
species		Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Myliobatiformes : Dasyatidae : Dasyatis : Dasyatis africana3.6 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Cunnolites humilis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Cunnolitidae : Cunnolites : Cunnolites humilis83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Sivaonyx soriae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Sivaonyx : Sivaonyx soriae7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Sivaonyx senutae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Sivaonyx : Sivaonyx senutae11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Enhydriodon ekecaman
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Enhydriodon : Enhydriodon ekecaman5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Sivaonyx kamuhangirei
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Sivaonyx : Sivaonyx kamuhangirei5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Chororapithecus abyssinicus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Chororapithecus : Chororapithecus abyssinicus11.1 - 9.7 Ma
Miocene
Glossopteris
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Rigbyaceae : Glossopteris272.3 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Samaropsis
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Cordaitaceae : Samaropsis298.9 - 252.17 Ma
Paleozoic
Sigillaria
genus		Plantae : Sigillariaceae : Sigillaria268.8 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Prunus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Rosaceae : Prunus1.806 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Lutra maculicollis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Lutra : Lutra maculicollis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Proconsul meswae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Proconsulidae : Proconsul : Proconsul meswae28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Proconsul africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Proconsulidae : Proconsul : Proconsul africanus20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Proconsul nyanzae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Proconsulidae : Proconsul : Proconsul nyanzae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Proconsul major
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Proconsulidae : Proconsul : Proconsul major20.44 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Proconsul heseloni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Proconsulidae : Proconsul : Proconsul heseloni20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Loxodonta africana
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Loxodonta : Loxodonta africana2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Deinotherium bozasi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Deinotheriidae : Deinotherium : Deinotherium bozasi7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Brochuchus pigotti
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Brochuchus : Brochuchus pigotti23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Crocodylus niloticus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Crocodylus : Crocodylus niloticus11.608 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Streptopelia
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Columbiformes : Columbidae : Streptopelia3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Eidolon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Pteropodidae : Eidolon5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Rousettus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Pteropodidae : Rousettus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Zygolophodon morotoensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Mammutidae : Zygolophodon : Zygolophodon morotoensis22.4 - 20 Ma
Miocene
Neotragini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Neotragini7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Anancus kenyensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Anancus : Anancus kenyensis23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Stegotetrabelodon orbus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Stegotetrabelodon : Stegotetrabelodon orbus7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Coenastraea arabica
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Actinastraeidae : Coenastraea : Coenastraea arabica161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Starostinia arabica
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Rhipidogyridae : Starostinia : Starostinia arabica161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Stylina lortphillipsi
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Stylinidae : Stylina : Stylina lortphillipsi166.1 - 33.9 Ma
Phanerozoic
Stylina macfadyeni
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Stylinidae : Stylina : Stylina macfadyeni166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Amphiastrea gibberosa
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Amphiastreidae : Amphiastrea : Amphiastrea gibberosa166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Meandraraea somalica
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Haplaraeidae : Meandraraea : Meandraraea somalica166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Ovalastrea bihinensis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Latomeandridae : Ovalastrea : Ovalastrea bihinensis166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Actinostroma praesalevensis
species		Animalia : Porifera : Actinostromatidae : Actinostroma : Actinostroma praesalevensis166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Astrocoenia somalica
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Astrocoeniidae : Astrocoenia : Astrocoenia somalica166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Astrocoenia newtoni
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Astrocoeniidae : Astrocoenia : Astrocoenia newtoni166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Isastrocoenia lobata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Conophyllidae : Isastrocoenia : Isastrocoenia lobata166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Daghanirhynchia daghaniensis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Daghanirhynchia : Daghanirhynchia daghaniensis166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Daghanirhynchia farquharsoni
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Daghanirhynchia : Daghanirhynchia farquharsoni166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Daghanirhynchia kabeitensis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Daghanirhynchia : Daghanirhynchia kabeitensis166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Daghanirhynchia macfadyeni
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Daghanirhynchia : Daghanirhynchia macfadyeni166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Daghanirhynchia subversabilis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Daghanirhynchia : Daghanirhynchia subversabilis170.3 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Burmirhynchia cavagnarii
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Burmirhynchia : Burmirhynchia cavagnarii166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Kutchirhynchia gregoryi
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Kutchirhynchia : Kutchirhynchia gregoryi170.3 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Burmirhynchia jirbaensis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Burmirhynchia : Burmirhynchia jirbaensis166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Burmirhynchia weiri
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Burmirhynchia : Burmirhynchia weiri166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Septaliphoria pinguis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Cyclothyrididae : Septaliphoria : Septaliphoria pinguis166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Somalirhynchia africana
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Somalirhynchia : Somalirhynchia africana170.3 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Somalirhynchia bihendulensis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Somalirhynchia : Somalirhynchia bihendulensis166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Somalirhynchia bihenensis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Somalirhynchia : Somalirhynchia bihenensis166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Somalirhynchia somalica
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Somalirhynchia : Somalirhynchia somalica166.1 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Somalirhynchia tumida
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Somalirhynchia : Somalirhynchia tumida166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Bihendulirhynchia afra
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Rhynchonellidae : Bihendulirhynchia : Bihendulirhynchia afra155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Septirhynchia azaisi
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Septirhynchiidae : Septirhynchia : Septirhynchia azaisi166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Septirhynchia madashonensis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Septirhynchiidae : Septirhynchia : Septirhynchia madashonensis166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Bihenithyris barringtoni
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Bihenithyris : Bihenithyris barringtoni166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Bihenithyris weiri
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Bihenithyris : Bihenithyris weiri166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Cererithyris somaliensis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Cererithyris : Cererithyris somaliensis170.3 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Tubithyris wylliei
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Lobothyrididae : Tubithyris : Tubithyris wylliei170.3 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Arabatia bihinensis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Arabatia : Arabatia bihinensis170.3 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Arabatia africana
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Arabatia : Arabatia africana170.3 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Heimia incurvirostrum
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Postepithyrididae : Heimia : Heimia incurvirostrum166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Tubithyris jubaensis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Lobothyrididae : Tubithyris : Tubithyris jubaensis170.3 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Loboidothyris aethiopica
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Loboidothyris : Loboidothyris aethiopica170.3 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Lophrothyris senilis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Lobothyrididae : Lophrothyris : Lophrothyris senilis157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Ptyctothyris daghaniensis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Ptyctothyris : Ptyctothyris daghaniensis166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Somalithyris macfadyeni
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Postepithyrididae : Somalithyris : Somalithyris macfadyeni166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Somalithyris bihendulensis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Postepithyrididae : Somalithyris : Somalithyris bihendulensis166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Sphaeroidothyris browni
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Sphaeroidothyris : Sphaeroidothyris browni166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Striithyris somaliensis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Striithyris : Striithyris somaliensis166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Trigonithyris eruduwensis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Trigonithyrididae : Trigonithyris : Trigonithyris eruduwensis166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Somalitela ambalensis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Zeilleriidae : Somalitela : Somalitela ambalensis157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Hypselorhachis mirabilis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Thecodontia : Ctenosauriscidae : Hypselorhachis : Hypselorhachis mirabilis247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Microthyridina farquharsoni
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Zeilleriidae : Ornithella : Microthyridina farquharsoni163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Zeilleria latifrons
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Zeilleriidae : Zeilleria : Zeilleria latifrons163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Terebratula anatina
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Terebratulidae : Terebratula : Terebratula anatina166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Loboidothyris aualites
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Loboidothyris : Loboidothyris aualites166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Terebratula bisuffarcinata
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Terebratulidae : Terebratula : Terebratula bisuffarcinata166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Kutchithyris ferrandii
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Postepithyrididae : Kutchithyris : Kutchithyris ferrandii166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Monsardithyris ruspolii
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Lissajousithyrididae : Monsardithyris : Monsardithyris ruspolii166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Colosia zieteni
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Colosia : Colosia zieteni166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Proconulus arabiensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Proconulidae : Proconulus : Proconulus arabiensis166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Trochus ambalensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Trochidae : Trochus : Trochus ambalensis166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Globularia hemisphaerica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Globularia : Globularia hemisphaerica166.1 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Procerithium hunti
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Procerithiidae : Procerithium : Procerithium hunti152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Nerinea somaliensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Nerineidae : Nerinea : Nerinea somaliensis166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Bulla macfadyeni
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Bullidae : Bulla : Bulla macfadyeni166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Sulcoactaeon striata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architectibranchia : Bullinidae : Sulcoactaeon : Sulcoactaeon striata166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Grammatodon (Indogrammatodon) egertonianus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Parallelodontidae : Grammatodon : Grammatodon (Indogrammatodon) egertonianus166.1 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Trigonia reticulata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Trigoniidae : Trigonia : Trigonia reticulata166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Mytilus jurensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus jurensis166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Modiolus (Modiolus) imbricatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus : Modiolus (Modiolus) imbricatus166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Arcomytilus laitmairensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Arcomytilus : Arcomytilus laitmairensis166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Inoperna perplicata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Inoperna : Inoperna perplicata166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Oxytoma inequivalvis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Oxytomidae : Oxytoma : Oxytoma inequivalvis163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Posidonia somaliensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Posidoniidae : Posidonia : Posidonia somaliensis157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Aulacomyella farquharsoni
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Aulacomyellidae : Aulacomyella : Aulacomyella farquharsoni157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Eligmus polytypus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Malleidae : Eligmus : Eligmus polytypus166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Eligmus weiri
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Malleidae : Eligmus : Eligmus weiri166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Eligmus aualites
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Eligmidae : Eligmus : Eligmus aualites166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Praeexogyra dubiensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Praeexogyra : Praeexogyra dubiensis166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Actinostreon gregareum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Palaeolophidae : Actinostreon : Actinostreon gregareum170.3 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Lopha costata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Lopha : Lopha costata166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Gryphaea balli
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Gryphaea : Gryphaea balli163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Gryphaea costellata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Gryphaea : Gryphaea costellata168.3 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Nanogyra (Nanogyra) nana
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Nanogyra : Nanogyra (Nanogyra) nana166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Chlamys splendens
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys splendens163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Chlamys curvivarians
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys curvivarians166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Spondylopecten macfadyeni
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Spondylopecten : Spondylopecten macfadyeni166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Camptonectes browni
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Camptonectes : Camptonectes browni166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Lima schardti
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Lima : Lima schardti166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Plagiostoma harronis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Plagiostoma : Plagiostoma harronis166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Astarte altissima
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Astarte : Astarte altissima155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Pseudisocardia macfadyeni
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Pseudisocardia : Pseudisocardia macfadyeni166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Venilicardia hunti
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Arcticidae : Venilicardia : Venilicardia hunti166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Lucina lirata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucina : Lucina lirata166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Mactromya aequalis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Mactromyidae : Mactromya : Mactromya aequalis166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Mactromya verioti
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Mactromyidae : Mactromya : Mactromya verioti166.1 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Mactromya crassa
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Mactromyidae : Mactromya : Mactromya crassa166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Mactromya daghaniensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Mactromyidae : Mactromya : Mactromya daghaniensis166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Eocallista krenkeli
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Cyrenidae : Eocallista : Eocallista krenkeli166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Protocardia somaliensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Protocardia : Protocardia somaliensis166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Ceratomya wimmisensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Ceratomyidae : Ceratomya : Ceratomya wimmisensis166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Ceratomya pittieri
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Ceratomyidae : Ceratomya : Ceratomya pittieri166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Ceratomya excentrica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Ceratomyidae : Ceratomya : Ceratomya excentrica163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Ceratomya telluris
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Ceratomyidae : Ceratomya : Ceratomya telluris166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Ceratomyopsis somaliensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Megalodontida : Ceratomyopsidae : Ceratomyopsis : Ceratomyopsis somaliensis166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Ceratomyopsis striata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Megalodontida : Ceratomyopsidae : Ceratomyopsis : Ceratomyopsis striata166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Ceratomyopsis arabica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Megalodontida : Ceratomyopsidae : Ceratomyopsis : Ceratomyopsis arabica166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Thracia viceliacensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Thraciidae : Thracia : Thracia viceliacensis166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Thracia incerta
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Thraciida : Thraciidae : Thracia : Thracia incerta166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya lirata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyida : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya lirata166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya aubryi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya aubryi166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya (Bucardiomya) somaliensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyida : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya (Bucardiomya) somaliensis166.1 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Homomya inornata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyida : Pholadomyidae : Homomya : Homomya inornata166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Corbula daghaniensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Corbulidae : Corbula : Corbula daghaniensis166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Columnocoenia gemmans
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Placocoeniidae : Columnocoenia : Columnocoenia gemmans161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Brachyseris curtata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Latomeandridae : Brachyseris : Brachyseris curtata163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Terebratula gortanii
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Terebratulidae : Terebratula : Terebratula gortanii161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Rhynchonella inflata
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Rhynchonellidae : Rhynchonella : Rhynchonella inflata166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Zeilleria hararina
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Zeilleriidae : Zeilleria : Zeilleria hararina161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Waldheimia schlosseri
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Terebratellidae : Magellania : Waldheimia schlosseri163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Eligmus rollandi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Malleidae : Eligmus : Eligmus rollandi168.3 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Pecten (Chlamys) erlangeri
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Pecten (Chlamys) erlangeri161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Mytilus subpectinatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus subpectinatus157.3 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Astarte coxi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Astarte : Astarte coxi161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Lucina cecchii
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucina : Lucina cecchii161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Corbis scarsellai
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Fimbria : Corbis scarsellai155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Integricardium bannesianum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Integricardium : Integricardium bannesianum161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Mactromya quadrata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Mactromyidae : Mactromya : Mactromya quadrata161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya (Bucardiomya) protei
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyida : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya (Bucardiomya) protei163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya stefaninii
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya stefaninii161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Thracia depressa
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Thraciida : Thraciidae : Thracia : Thracia depressa161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Cercomya bottegoi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Laternulidae : Cercomya : Cercomya bottegoi155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Globularia coxi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Globularia : Globularia coxi166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Ampullina aethiopica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Ampullina : Ampullina aethiopica163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Montlivaltia compressoides
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Montlivaltiidae : Montlivaltia : Montlivaltia compressoides155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Montlivaltia dilatata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Montlivaltiidae : Montlivaltia : Montlivaltia dilatata155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Calamophyllia ducreti
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Calamophylliidae : Calamophyllia : Calamophyllia ducreti161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Heliocoenia catenula
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Stylinidae : Heliocoenia : Heliocoenia catenula163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Coenastraea martis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Actinastraeidae : Coenastraea : Coenastraea martis163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Latomeandra mayeri
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Calamophylliidae : Latomeandra : Latomeandra mayeri166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Promillepora pervinquieri
species		Animalia : Porifera : Demospongiae : Axinellida : Milleporellidae : Promillepora : Promillepora pervinquieri163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Stromatoporina douvillei
species		Animalia : Porifera : Demospongea : Axinellida : Stromatoporina : Stromatoporina douvillei163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Stromatopora gortanii
species		Animalia : Porifera : Stromatoporoidea : Stromatoporida : Stromatoporidae : Stromatopora : Stromatopora gortanii166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Stromatopora chauffati
species		Animalia : Porifera : Stromatoporoidea : Stromatoporida : Stromatoporidae : Stromatopora : Stromatopora chauffati163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Actinostromaria hararina
species		Animalia : Porifera : Demospongiae : Axinellida : Actinostromariidae : Actinostromaria : Actinostromaria hararina161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Burgundia circoporoides
species		Animalia : Porifera : Demospongea : Burgundiidae : Burgundia : Burgundia circoporoides163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Burgundia corrugata
species		Animalia : Porifera : Demospongea : Burgundiidae : Burgundia : Burgundia corrugata166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Stegodon kaisensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Stegodontidae : Stegodon : Stegodon kaisensis23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Silesauridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Thecodontia : Silesauridae247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Lima aequilatera
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Lima : Lima aequilatera166.1 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Lima densepunctata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Lima : Lima densepunctata157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Lima subdensepunctata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Lima : Lima subdensepunctata157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Avicula gessneri
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pteriidae : Avicula : Avicula gessneri157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Falcimytilus tigrensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Falcimytilus : Falcimytilus tigrensis163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Modiola pantanellii
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus : Modiola pantanellii157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Pinna constantini
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pinnidae : Pinna : Pinna constantini157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Arca choffati
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Arca : Arca choffati157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Arca sublata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Arca : Arca sublata157.3 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Cardium moricinum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Cardium : Cardium moricinum157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya acuminata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya acuminata157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya paucicosta
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya paucicosta157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya cuneiformis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya cuneiformis157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Cercomya schoensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Laternulidae : Cercomya : Cercomya schoensis157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Natica vicinalis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Natica : Natica vicinalis157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Natica eudora
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Natica : Natica eudora157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Natica dubia
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Natica : Natica dubia157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Chenopus ornatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Aporrhaidae : Chenopus : Chenopus ornatus163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Cuphosolenus dyoniseus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Aporrhaidae : Cuphosolenus : Cuphosolenus dyoniseus157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Zeilleria humeralis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Zeilleriidae : Zeilleria : Zeilleria humeralis163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Pentithyris pelagica
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Lissajousithyrididae : Dorsoplicathyris : Pentithyris pelagica163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Paracenoceras hexagonum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Paracenoceratidae : Paracenoceras : Paracenoceras hexagonum163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Recrosalenia somaliensis
species		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Phymosomatoida : Heterodiadematidae : Recrosalenia : Recrosalenia somaliensis168.3 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Eudorcas thomsoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Eudorcas : Eudorcas thomsoni2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Mytilus (Modiola) subangustissimus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus (Modiola) subangustissimus163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Nerinea desvoidyi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Nerineidae : Nerinea : Nerinea desvoidyi161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Apiocrinus roissyanus
species		Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea : Millericrinida : Apiocrinidae : Apiocrinus : Apiocrinus roissyanus163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Bihenithyris bicanaliculata
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Bihenithyris : Bihenithyris bicanaliculata163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Seebachia (Eoseebachia) sowerbyana
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Seebachia : Seebachia (Eoseebachia) sowerbyana166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Spondylopecten palinurus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Spondylopecten : Spondylopecten palinurus161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Eopecten velatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Eopecten : Eopecten velatus166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Plagiostoma sublaeviusculum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Plagiostoma : Plagiostoma sublaeviusculum161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Stegoconcha gmuelleri
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pinnidae : Stegoconcha : Stegoconcha gmuelleri161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Musculus somaliensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Crenellidae : Musculus : Musculus somaliensis166.1 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Astroporina orientalis
species		Animalia : Porifera : Demospongiae : Axinellida : Milleporellidae : Astroporina : Astroporina orientalis164.7 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Astroporina stellifera
species		Animalia : Porifera : Demospongiae : Axinellida : Milleporellidae : Astroporina : Astroporina stellifera163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Astroporina stellans
species		Animalia : Porifera : Demospongiae : Axinellida : Milleporellidae : Astroporina : Astroporina stellans164.7 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Mactromya rugosa
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Mactromyidae : Mactromya : Mactromya rugosa157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Pseudocidaris ellenbecki
species		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Hemicidaridae : Pseudocidaris : Pseudocidaris ellenbecki157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Berenicea somalica
species		Animalia : Bryozoa : Stenolaemata : Cyclostomatida : Bereniceidae : Berenicea : Berenicea somalica157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Serpula conformis
species		Animalia : Annelida : Polychaeta : Sabellida : Serpulidae : Serpula : Serpula conformis157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Glomerula serpentina
species		Animalia : Annelida : Polychaeta : Sabellida : Sabellidae : Glomerula : Glomerula serpentina157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Nucleata nucleata
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Nucleatidae : Nucleata : Nucleata nucleata163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Lima moeschi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Lima : Lima moeschi157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Macrodon rufae
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Parallelodontidae : Parallelodon : Macrodon rufae157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Pleurotomaria neosolodurina
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pleurotomariida : Pleurotomariidae : Pleurotomaria : Pleurotomaria neosolodurina157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Bourguetia striata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pseudomelaniidae : Bourguetia : Bourguetia striata157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Paracenoceras ennianum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Paracenoceratidae : Paracenoceras : Paracenoceras ennianum157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Perisphinctes arussiorum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Perisphinctidae : Perisphinctes : Perisphinctes arussiorum157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Perisphinctes gallarum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Perisphinctidae : Perisphinctes : Perisphinctes gallarum161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Perisphinctes stenocyclus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Perisphinctidae : Perisphinctes : Perisphinctes stenocyclus157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Perisphinctes roubyanus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Perisphinctidae : Perisphinctes : Perisphinctes roubyanus157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Perisphinctes abadiensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Perisphinctidae : Perisphinctes : Perisphinctes abadiensis157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Nebrodites hetaerus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Perisphinctidae : Nebrodites : Nebrodites hetaerus157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Perisphinctes choffati
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Perisphinctidae : Perisphinctes : Perisphinctes choffati157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Aspidoceras somalicum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Aspidoceratidae : Aspidoceras : Aspidoceras somalicum161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Aspidoceras supraspinosum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Aspidoceratidae : Aspidoceras : Aspidoceras supraspinosum157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Aspidoceras argobbae
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Aspidoceratidae : Aspidoceras : Aspidoceras argobbae161.2 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya sublirata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya sublirata163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya granulifera
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya granulifera163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Hemicidaris abyssinica
species		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Hemicidaridae : Hemicidaris : Hemicidaris abyssinica163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya carinata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya carinata166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Morotopithecus bishopi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Morotopithecus : Morotopithecus bishopi22.4 - 20 Ma
Miocene
Rhynchonella edwardsi
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Rhynchonellidae : Rhynchonella : Rhynchonella edwardsi166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Flabellirhynchia lotharingica
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Cyclothyrididae : Flabellirhynchia : Flabellirhynchia lotharingica166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Asilisaurus kongwe
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Thecodontia : Silesauridae : Asilisaurus : Asilisaurus kongwe247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Voltzia
genus		Plantae : Pinophyta : Voltziopsida : Voltziales : Voltziaceae : Voltzia272.3 - 265.1 Ma
Permian
Orycteropus crassidens
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Tubulidentata : Orycteropodidae : Orycteropus : Orycteropus crassidens2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Myorycteropus africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Tubulidentata : Orycteropodidae : Orycteropus : Myorycteropus africanus23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Camptonectes (Camptonectes)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Camptonectes : Camptonectes (Camptonectes)161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Orycteropus minutus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Tubulidentata : Orycteropodidae : Orycteropus : Orycteropus minutus20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Orycteropus chemeldoi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Tubulidentata : Orycteropodidae : Orycteropus : Orycteropus chemeldoi23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Cidaroida
order		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Cidaroida163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Libycosaurus anisae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Anthracotheriidae : Libycosaurus : Libycosaurus anisae23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Ostrea (Liostrea)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Ostrea : Ostrea (Liostrea)166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Trigonia pullus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Trigoniidae : Trigonia : Trigonia pullus166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Morotochoerus ugandensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Morotochoerus : Morotochoerus ugandensis22.4 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Cymatorhynchia quadriplicata
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Cymatorhynchia : Cymatorhynchia quadriplicata170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Kannemeyeriiformes
order		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Kannemeyeriiformes247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Diademodon tetragonus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Diademodon : Diademodon tetragonus247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Anomalurus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Anomaluridae : Anomalurus15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Rukwalorax jinokitana
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Rukwalorax : Rukwalorax jinokitana28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Luangwa drysdalli
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Traversodontidae : Luangwa : Luangwa drysdalli247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Batrachosuchus concordi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli : Brachyopidae : Batrachosuchus : Batrachosuchus concordi247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Dolichuranus latirostris
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Dolichuranus : Dolichuranus latirostris247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Zambiasaurus submersus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Stahleckeriidae : Zambiasaurus : Zambiasaurus submersus247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Sangusaurus edentatus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Stahleckeriidae : Sangusaurus : Sangusaurus edentatus247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Cherninia megarhina
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli : Mastodonsauridae : Cherninia : Cherninia megarhina247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Stanocephalosaurus pronus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli : Paracyclotosauridae : Stanocephalosaurus : Stanocephalosaurus pronus247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Kannemeyeria lophorhinus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Kannemeyeria : Kannemeyeria lophorhinus247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Pakasuchus kapilimai
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Candidodontidae : Pakasuchus : Pakasuchus kapilimai100.5 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Francolinus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Galliformes : Phasianidae : Francolinus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Actinostromaria darroensis
species		Animalia : Porifera : Demospongiae : Axinellida : Actinostromariidae : Actinostromaria : Actinostromaria darroensis163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Septirhynchia pulchra
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Septirhynchiidae : Septirhynchia : Septirhynchia pulchra166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Ptyctothyris quillyensis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Ptyctothyris : Ptyctothyris quillyensis170.3 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Thysanoptera
order		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Thysanoptera23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Rechnisaurus cristarhynchus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Kannemeyeriidae : Rechnisaurus : Rechnisaurus cristarhynchus247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Cricodon metabolus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Trirachodontidae : Cricodon : Cricodon metabolus247.2 - 228 Ma
Triassic
Scalenodon angustifrons
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Traversodontidae : Scalenodon : Scalenodon angustifrons247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Aleodon brachyrhamphus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Aleodon : Aleodon brachyrhamphus247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Angonisaurus cruickshanki
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Kannemeyeriidae : Angonisaurus : Angonisaurus cruickshanki247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Stagonosuchus nyassicus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Stagonosuchus : Stagonosuchus nyassicus247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Aleyrodoidea
superfamily		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Aleyrodoidea23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Cichlidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Cichliformes : Cichlidae28.4 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Termitidae
family		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Blattodea : Termitidae5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Peramura
order		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Peramura152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Zoraptera
order		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Zoraptera23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Psocodea
order		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Psocodea23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Metaphiomys beadnelli
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Diamantomyidae : Metaphiomys : Metaphiomys beadnelli28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Mymarommatidae
family		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Mymarommatidae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Climacoceras africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Palaeomerycidae : Climacoceras : Climacoceras africanus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Giraffokeryx primaevus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Giraffokeryx : Giraffokeryx primaevus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Giraffa stillei
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Giraffa : Giraffa stillei5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Giraffa pygmaea
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Giraffa : Giraffa pygmaea5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Dendrohyrax samueli
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Procaviidae : Dendrohyrax : Dendrohyrax samueli11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Schizochoerini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tayassuidae : Schizochoerini13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Persististrombus depertitus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Strombidae : Persististrombus : Persististrombus depertitus23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Mecistops cataphractus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Mecistops : Mecistops cataphractus11.608 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Osteolaemus tetraspes
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Osteolaemus : Osteolaemus tetraspes23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Caelatura
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Barleeiidae : Caelatura5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Gomphocythere
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Limnocytheridae : Gomphocythere23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Sivameryx
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Anthracotheriidae : Sivameryx20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Anachalcos mfwangani
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae : Anachalcos : Anachalcos mfwangani20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Copris leakeyorum
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae : Copris : Copris leakeyorum20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Metacatharsius rusingae
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae : Metacatharsius : Metacatharsius rusingae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Mecistops
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Mecistops5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Katumbia parringtoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Katumbia : Katumbia parringtoni259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Geikia locusticeps
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Geikiidae : Geikia : Geikia locusticeps259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Euptychognathus bathyrhynchus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Lystrosauridae : Euptychognathus : Euptychognathus bathyrhynchus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Dicynodontoides nowacki
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Kingoriidae : Dicynodontoides : Dicynodontoides nowacki259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Viverra leakeyi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae : Viverra : Viverra leakeyi5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Geochelone crassa
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : Geochelone : Geochelone crassa5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Kinixys erosa
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : Kinixys : Kinixys erosa20.44 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Impregnochelys pachytectis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : Impregnochelys : Impregnochelys pachytectis20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Kierechinus melo
species		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Diadematoida : Diadematidae : Kierechinus : Kierechinus melo56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Machimosaurus nowackianus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Machimosaurus : Machimosaurus nowackianus163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Mungos mungo
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Mungos : Mungos mungo0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Bakevellia tealei
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Bakevelliidae : Bakevellia : Bakevellia tealei265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Isotomidae
family		Animalia : Arthropoda : Collembola : Entomobryomorpha : Isotomidae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Stylophora africana
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Pocilloporidae : Stylophora : Stylophora africana33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Alveopora somaliensis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Acroporidae : Alveopora : Alveopora somaliensis23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Porites multilamellata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Poritidae : Porites : Porites multilamellata33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Favia praeamplior
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Faviidae : Favia : Favia praeamplior15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Favia africana
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Faviidae : Favia : Favia africana33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Anisocoenia quadriseriata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Faviidae : Anisocoenia : Anisocoenia quadriseriata33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Heliastrea farquharsoni
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Heliastraeidae : Heliastrea : Heliastrea farquharsoni33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Circophyllia farquharsoni
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Faviidae : Circophyllia : Circophyllia farquharsoni33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Struthio camelus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Struthioniformes : Struthionidae : Struthio : Struthio camelus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Felis lybica
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Felis : Felis lybica2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Acinonyx jubatus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Acinonyx : Acinonyx jubatus0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Caracal caracal
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Caracal : Caracal caracal5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Caracal serval
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Caracal : Caracal serval2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Potamidae
family		Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Potamidae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Potamonautes niloticus
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Potamonautidae : Potamonautes : Potamonautes niloticus23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Primelephas korotorensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Primelephas : Primelephas korotorensis23.03 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Taurotragus oryx
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Taurotragus : Taurotragus oryx2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Sylvicapra
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Sylvicapra2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Lycaon pictus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Lycaon : Lycaon pictus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Papio cynocephalus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Papio : Papio cynocephalus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Hylochoerus meinertzhageni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Hylochoerus : Hylochoerus meinertzhageni5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Civettictis civetta
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae : Civettictis : Civettictis civetta0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Bdeogale
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Bdeogale0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Genetta tigrina
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae : Genetta : Genetta tigrina0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Atilax paludinosus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Atilax : Atilax paludinosus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Crocuta crocuta
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Crocuta : Crocuta crocuta5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Herpestes sanguineus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Herpestes : Herpestes sanguineus0.781 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Bulinus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Bulinidae : Bulinus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Papio anubis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Papio : Papio anubis2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Galago senegalensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Galagidae : Galago : Galago senegalensis5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Ichneumia albicauda
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Ichneumia : Ichneumia albicauda2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Mellivora capensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Mellivora : Mellivora capensis5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Canis adustus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Canis : Canis adustus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Canis mesomelas
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Canis : Canis mesomelas2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Otocyon megalotis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Otocyon : Otocyon megalotis2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Merothripidae
family		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Thysanoptera : Merothripidae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Jaculus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Jaculus2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Cercopithecus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Cercopithecus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Colobinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Colobinae7.246 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Tragelaphus scriptus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Tragelaphus : Tragelaphus scriptus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Tragelaphus imberbis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Tragelaphus : Tragelaphus imberbis2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Tragelaphus strepsiceros
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Tragelaphus : Tragelaphus strepsiceros5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Aepyceros melampus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Aepyceros : Aepyceros melampus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Oreotragus oreotragus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Oreotragus : Oreotragus oreotragus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Redunca fulvorufula
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Redunca : Redunca fulvorufula0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Yerbua capensis
species		Yerbua : Yerbua capensis0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Hystrix africaeaustralis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Hystricidae : Hystrix : Hystrix africaeaustralis0.781 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Cercopithecus mitis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Cercopithecus : Cercopithecus mitis0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Damaliscus dorcas
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Damaliscus : Damaliscus dorcas2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Oryx beisa
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Oryx : Oryx beisa2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Kobus kob
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Kobus : Kobus kob5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Kobus defassa
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Kobus : Kobus defassa0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Damaliscus korrigum
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Damaliscus : Damaliscus korrigum0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Equus quagga burchelli
subspecies		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Equus : Equus quagga burchelli2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Dendrohyrax arboreus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Procaviidae : Dendrohyrax : Dendrohyrax arboreus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Cephalophus sylvicultor
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Cephalophus : Cephalophus sylvicultor2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Mylomys
genus		Mylomys0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Rhachiocephalidae
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Rhachiocephalidae259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Erymnochelys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Podocnemididae : Erymnochelys28.4 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Procavia capensis johnstoni
subspecies		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Procaviidae : Procavia : Procavia capensis johnstoni2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Boutakovia saleei
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Protorthoptera : Boutakovia : Boutakovia saleei298.9 - 290.1 Ma
Paleozoic
Parahyaena
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Parahyaena5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Cirina
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Lepidoptera : Saturniidae : Cirina5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Tilapiini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Cichliformes : Cichlidae : Tilapiini0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Loboidothyris perovalis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Loboidothyris : Loboidothyris perovalis170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Biomphalaria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Planorbidae : Biomphalaria0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Nyasasaurus parringtoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Nyasasaurus : Nyasasaurus parringtoni247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Plantago
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Lamiales : Plantaginaceae : Plantago5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Typha
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Liliopsida : Poales : Typhaceae : Typha5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Scutisorex
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Soricomorpha : Soricidae : Scutisorex2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Oecophylla leakeyi
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Oecophylla : Oecophylla leakeyi20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Fagara
genus		Fagara1.806 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Lupaceradotus useviaensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Ceratodontidae : Lupaceradotus : Lupaceradotus useviaensis125 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Heterobranchus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Clariidae : Heterobranchus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Vertebraria
genus		Plantae : Peltaspermophyta : Arberiopsida : Arberiales : Vertebraria272.3 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Podocarpus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Podocarpaceae : Podocarpus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Pteris
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Polypodiales : Pteridaceae : Pteris2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Eupera
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Sphaeriida : Sphaeriidae : Eupera5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Alestidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Characiformes : Alestidae28.4 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Characidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Characiformes : Characidae23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Claroteidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Claroteidae28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Crocodylus thorbjarnarsoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Crocodylus : Crocodylus thorbjarnarsoni5.333 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Euthecodon brumpti
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Euthecodon : Euthecodon brumpti2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Crocodylus anthropophagus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Crocodylus : Crocodylus anthropophagus3.6 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Rhineceps nyasaensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli : Rhinesuchidae : Rhineceps : Rhineceps nyasaensis259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Cycloderma frenatum
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae : Cycloderma : Cycloderma frenatum5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Chilgatermes diamatensis
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Blattodea : Stolotermitidae : Chilgatermes : Chilgatermes diamatensis28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Mecistops nkondoensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Mecistops : Mecistops nkondoensis23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Tomistoma coppensi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Tomistoma : Tomistoma coppensi23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Phyllotheca
genus		Plantae : Pteridophyta : Phyllotheca268.8 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Annularia
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Equisetales : Calamitaceae : Annularia272.3 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Myacyon kiptalami
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : Myacyon : Myacyon kiptalami15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Kelba quadeemae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Odobenidae : Kelba : Kelba quadeemae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Teratodon spekei
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Teratodon : Teratodon spekei23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Teratodon enigmae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Teratodon : Teratodon enigmae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Anasinopa leakeyi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Anasinopa : Anasinopa leakeyi23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Metasinopa napaki
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Metasinopa : Metasinopa napaki20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Pterodon nyanzae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Pterodon : Pterodon nyanzae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Leakitherium hiwegi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Leakitherium : Leakitherium hiwegi20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Hyaenodon (Isohyaenodon)
subgenus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodonta : Hyaenodontidae : Hyaenodon : Hyaenodon (Isohyaenodon)20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Hyaenodon (Isohyaenodon) andrewsi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodonta : Hyaenodontidae : Hyaenodon : Hyaenodon (Isohyaenodon) andrewsi23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Hyaenodon (Isohyaenodon) matthewi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodonta : Hyaenodontidae : Hyaenodon : Hyaenodon (Isohyaenodon) matthewi20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Hyaenodon (Isohyaenodon) pilgrimi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodonta : Hyaenodontidae : Hyaenodon : Hyaenodon (Isohyaenodon) pilgrimi20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Hecubides euryodon
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : Cynelos : Hecubides euryodon23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Hecubides macrodon
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : Cynelos : Hecubides macrodon20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Kichechia zamanae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Kichechia : Kichechia zamanae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Pseudaelurus africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Pseudaelurus : Pseudaelurus africanus20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Ugandictis napakensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae : Ugandictis : Ugandictis napakensis20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Ginsburgsmilus napakensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Barbourofelidae : Ginsburgsmilus : Ginsburgsmilus napakensis20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Prionogale breviceps
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Prionogalidae : Prionogale : Prionogale breviceps20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Trinocladus
genus		Plantae : Chlorophyta : Ulvophyceae : Dasycladales : Dasycladaceae : Trinocladus83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Asperoris mnyama
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Asperoris : Asperoris mnyama247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Selaginella
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Lycopodiopsida : Selaginellales : Selaginellaceae : Selaginella1.806 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Schizoneura
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Equisetales : Schizoneura272.3 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Hagenia
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Rosaceae : Hagenia2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Thamnomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Thamnomys0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Calcitoryctes magnificus
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Dynastidae : Calcitoryctes : Calcitoryctes magnificus5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Tentyria
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Tenebrionidae : Tentyria5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Tentyriini
tribe		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Tenebrionidae : Tentyriini5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Arturium
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Tenebrionidae : Arturium5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Schizonychina
subtribe		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae : Schizonychina5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Damalacra
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Damalacra5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Rukwasuchus yajabalijekundu
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Peirosauridae : Rukwasuchus : Rukwasuchus yajabalijekundu100.5 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Syops vanhoepeni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Syops : Syops vanhoepeni259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Ruhuhuaria reiszi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Ruhuhuaria : Ruhuhuaria reiszi247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Mandagomphodon hirschsoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Traversodontidae : Mandagomphodon : Mandagomphodon hirschsoni247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Scalenodon attridgei
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Traversodontidae : Scalenodon : Scalenodon attridgei247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Scalenodon charigi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Traversodontidae : Scalenodon : Scalenodon charigi247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Belemnites (Belemnopsis) tanganensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Belemnitidae : Belemnites : Belemnites (Belemnopsis) tanganensis163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Liostrea arabica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Liostrea : Liostrea arabica163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Exogyra davidsoni
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Exogyra : Exogyra davidsoni170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Heligmus asiaticus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pteriidae : Heligmus : Heligmus asiaticus170.3 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Heligmus integer
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pteriidae : Heligmus : Heligmus integer170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Heligmus rollandi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pteriidae : Heligmus : Heligmus rollandi170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Hinnites (Pleuronectites)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Hinnites : Hinnites (Pleuronectites)157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Velata inaequistriata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Eopecten : Velata inaequistriata157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Lima (Plagiostoma) anonii
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Plagiostoma : Lima (Plagiostoma) anonii170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Lima (Plagiostoma) astartina
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Plagiostoma : Lima (Plagiostoma) astartina157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Lima (Plagiostoma) notata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Plagiostoma : Lima (Plagiostoma) notata157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Mytilus autissiodorensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus autissiodorensis170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Mytilus (Modiola) blanfordi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus (Modiola) blanfordi166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Pholadomya ragazzii
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya ragazzii157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Zeilleria egena
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Zeilleriidae : Zeilleria : Zeilleria egena157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Clypeus rostellus
species		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Cassiduloida : Clypeidae : Clypeus : Clypeus rostellus170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Phiomys andrewsi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Phiomyidae : Phiomys : Phiomys andrewsi20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Ilyocypris gibba
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Ilyocyprididae : Ilyocypris : Ilyocypris gibba2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Praeradiolites subtoucasi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hippuritida : Radiolitidae : Praeradiolites : Praeradiolites subtoucasi83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Praeradiolites hoeninghausi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hippuritida : Radiolitidae : Praeradiolites : Praeradiolites hoeninghausi72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Lavocatomys aequatorialis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Lavocatomys : Lavocatomys aequatorialis20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Opeas
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Stylommatophora : Achatinidae : Opeas20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Eucypris
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Cyprididae : Eucypris23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Epirigenys lokonensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Epirigenys : Epirigenys lokonensis28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Somalinautilus antiquus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Paracenoceratidae : Somalinautilus : Somalinautilus antiquus157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Rukwanyoka holmani
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Boidae : Rukwanyoka : Rukwanyoka holmani28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Zizyphus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Rhamnaceae : Zizyphus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Solanum
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Solanales : Solanaceae : Solanum5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Macaranga
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malpighiales : Euphorbiaceae : Macaranga1.806 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Olea
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Lamiales : Oleaceae : Olea5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Euphorbia
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malpighiales : Euphorbiaceae : Euphorbia23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Dodonaea
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Sapindales : Sapindaceae : Dodonaea5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Trema
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Cannabaceae : Trema1.806 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Lycopodium
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Lycopodiopsida : Lycopodiales : Lycopodiaceae : Lycopodium2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Pteridium
genus		Plantae : Pteridophyta : Pteridopsida : Polypodiales : Pteridium2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Syzygium
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Myrtales : Myrtaceae : Syzygium5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Zanthoxylum
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Sapindales : Rutaceae : Zanthoxylum13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Myrsine
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Ericales : Primulaceae : Myrsine5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Clematis
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Ranunculales : Ranunculaceae : Clematis5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Maesa
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Ericales : Primulaceae : Maesa2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Morinda
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Gentianales : Rubiaceae : Morinda23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Dioscorea
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Liliopsida : Dioscoreales : Dioscoreaceae : Dioscorea13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Dioscorea wilkinii
species		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Liliopsida : Dioscoreales : Dioscoreaceae : Dioscorea : Dioscorea wilkinii28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Tacca umerii
species		Tacca : Tacca umerii23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Rukwatitan bisepultus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Rukwatitan : Rukwatitan bisepultus100.5 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Protopterus aethiopicus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Ceratodontiformes : Lepidosirenidae : Protopterus : Protopterus aethiopicus0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Ceromya concentrica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Ceratomyidae : Ceratomya : Ceromya concentrica163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Neithea morrisi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Neithea : Neithea morrisi125.45 - 122.46 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Aenigmastropheus parringtoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Protorosauridae : Aenigmastropheus : Aenigmastropheus parringtoni259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Paracenoceras prohexagonum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Paracenoceratidae : Paracenoceras : Paracenoceras prohexagonum167.7 - 164.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Procynosuchus delaharpeae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Procynosuchidae : Procynosuchus : Procynosuchus delaharpeae259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Limicolaria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Stylommatophora : Achatinidae : Limicolaria20.44 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Achatina
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Stylommatophora : Achatinidae : Achatina23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Cerastus
genus		Cerastus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Trochozonites
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Stylommatophora : Urocyclidae : Trochozonites23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Kutchirhynchia morieri
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Kutchirhynchia : Kutchirhynchia morieri166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Papilionaceae
family		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Neuroptera : Papilionaceae5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Vulpes mathisoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Vulpes : Vulpes mathisoni5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Heterocypris
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Cyprididae : Heterocypris20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Lokonepithecus manai
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Parapithecidae : Lokonepithecus : Lokonepithecus manai28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Africanictis schmidtkittleri
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Africanictis : Africanictis schmidtkittleri23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Rubidgea atrox
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Rubidgea : Rubidgea atrox259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Ruhuhucerberus haughtoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Ruhuhucerberus : Ruhuhucerberus haughtoni259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Lycaenops quadrata
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Lycaenops : Lycaenops quadrata259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Sauroctonus parringtoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Sauroctonus : Sauroctonus parringtoni259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Dinogorgon rubidgei
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgonopsidae : Dinogorgon : Dinogorgon rubidgei259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Sycosaurus nowaki
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Sycosaurus : Sycosaurus nowaki259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Gorgonops dixeyi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Gorgonops : Gorgonops dixeyi259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Lende chiweta
species		Animalia : Chordata : Burnetidae : Lende : Lende chiweta259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Phalacrocorax carbo
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Suliformes : Phalacrocoracidae : Phalacrocorax : Phalacrocorax carbo0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Bauhinia
genus		Bauhinia23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Rugalindrites
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Acteonellidae : Rugalindrites166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Rhachiocephalus magnus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Rhachiocephalidae : Rhachiocephalus : Rhachiocephalus magnus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Tetragonias njalilus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Dicynodontidae : Tetragonias : Tetragonias njalilus247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Wantulignathus gwembensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Wantulignathus : Wantulignathus gwembensis272.3 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Odontocyclops whaitsi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Geikiidae : Odontocyclops : Odontocyclops whaitsi259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Kitchinganomodon crassus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Rhachiocephalidae : Kitchinganomodon : Kitchinganomodon crassus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Anisus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Planorbidae : Anisus1.806 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Cyniscops
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Cyniscops259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Arctognathus nasuta
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Arctognathus : Arctognathus nasuta259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Mastotermes aethiopicus
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Blattodea : Mastotermitidae : Mastotermes : Mastotermes aethiopicus23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Lycaenops tenuirostris
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Gorgodontia : Gorgonopidae : Lycaenops : Lycaenops tenuirostris259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Kahawamys mbeyaensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Kahawamys : Kahawamys mbeyaensis28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Theriognathus microps
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Whaitsiidae : Theriognathus : Theriognathus microps259.9 - 242 Ma
Phanerozoic
Turkanamys hexalophus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Phiomyidae : Turkanamys : Turkanamys hexalophus28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Nsungwepithecus gunnelli
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Nsungwepithecus : Nsungwepithecus gunnelli28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Rukwapithecus fleaglei
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Rukwapithecus : Rukwapithecus fleaglei28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Ptychadenidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Anura : Ptychadenidae28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Rhachiocephalus behemoth
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Rhachiocephalidae : Rhachiocephalus : Rhachiocephalus behemoth259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Hypericum
genus		Hypericum1.806 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Kawingasaurus fossilis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Cistecephalidae : Kawingasaurus : Kawingasaurus fossilis259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Compsodon helmoedi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Compsodon : Compsodon helmoedi259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Dracaena
genus		Plantae : Angiospermae : Asparagales : Agavaceae : Dracaena15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Pollia
genus		Plantae : Angiospermae : Commelinacea : Pollia13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Humbertochloa
genus		Plantae : Angiospermae : Cyperales : Gramineae : Humbertochloa13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Leptaspis
genus		Plantae : Angiospermae : Cyperales : Gramineae : Leptaspis13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Artabotrys
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Magnoliales : Annonaceae : Artabotrys13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Lettowianthus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Magnoliales : Annonaceae : Lettowianthus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Landolphia
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Gentianales : Apocynaceae : Landolphia13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Rauvolfia
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Gentianales : Apocynaceae : Rauvolfia13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Markhamia
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Lamiales : Bignoniaceae : Markhamia13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Mystroxylon
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Celastrales : Celastraceae : Mystroxylon13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Strychnos
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Gentianales : Loganiaceae : Strychnos13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Cissampelos
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Ranunculales : Menispermaceae : Cissampelos13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Strombosia
genus		Plantae : Spermatophyta : Magnoliopsida : Santalales : Olacaceae : Strombosia13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Lasiodiscus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Rhamnaceae : Lasiodiscus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Teclea
genus		Plantae : Spermatophyta : Magnoliopsida : Sapindales : Rutaceae : Teclea13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Placodiscus
genus		Placodiscus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Grewia
genus		Plantae : Spermatophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malvales : Tiliaceae : Grewia13.82 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Rinorea
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malpighiales : Violaceae : Rinorea13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Lutungutali sitwensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Thecodontia : Silesauridae : Lutungutali : Lutungutali sitwensis247.2 - 228 Ma
Triassic
Protarsomys lavocati
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Protarsomys : Protarsomys lavocati22.4 - 20 Ma
Miocene
Melissotarsus ethiopiensis
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Melissotarsus : Melissotarsus ethiopiensis23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Rotalia trochidiformis
species		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Rotaliidae : Rotalia : Rotalia trochidiformis83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Eubelum rusingaense
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Isopoda : Eubelidae : Eubelum : Eubelum rusingaense20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Stephanodiscus
genus		Bacillariophyta : Mediophyceae : Stephanodiscales : Stephanodiscaceae : Stephanodiscus3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Cyclanorbis turkanensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae : Cyclanorbis : Cyclanorbis turkanensis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Cyclanorbis senegalensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae : Cyclanorbis : Cyclanorbis senegalensis5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Myohyrax oswaldi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Macroscelidea : Macroscelididae : Myohyrax : Myohyrax oswaldi20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Paraphiomys pigotti
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Thryonomyidae : Paraphiomys : Paraphiomys pigotti22.4 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Teleocrater rhadinus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Teleocrater : Teleocrater rhadinus247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Dorcatherium chappuisi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tragulidae : Dorcatherium : Dorcatherium chappuisi13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Dorcatherium songhorensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tragulidae : Dorcatherium : Dorcatherium songhorensis20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Niassodon mfumukasi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Kingoriidae : Niassodon : Niassodon mfumukasi259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Amphidonte (Ceratostreon) flabellatum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Amphidonte : Amphidonte (Ceratostreon) flabellatum125.45 - 122.46 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Laevigyra luynesi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Laevigyra : Laevigyra luynesi125.45 - 122.46 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Chrysichthys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Claroteidae : Chrysichthys23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Clarotes
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Claroteidae : Clarotes5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Hydrocynus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Characiformes : Alestidae : Hydrocynus28.4 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Parachanna
genus		Parachanna23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Shingopana songwensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Shingopana : Shingopana songwensis100.5 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Neithea quinquecostata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Neithea : Neithea quinquecostata125.45 - 122.46 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Chororatherium roobii
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Chororatherium : Chororatherium roobii11.1 - 9.7 Ma
Miocene
Pakakali rukwaensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Teratodontidae : Pakakali : Pakakali rukwaensis28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Carinatus
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Raninidae : Carinatus15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Endothiodon tolani
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Endothiodon : Endothiodon tolani265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Silphoictidoides ruhuhuensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Therocephalia : Silphoictidoides : Silphoictidoides ruhuhuensis259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Sectisodon occultus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Sectisodon : Sectisodon occultus20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Aegypius monachus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae : Aegypius : Aegypius monachus15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Mioeuoticus kichotoi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Lorisidae : Progalago : Mioeuoticus kichotoi15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Pleiodon
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Unionida : Iridinidae : Pleiodon5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Pseudocrenilabrinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Cichliformes : Cichlidae : Pseudocrenilabrinae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Ugandamys downsi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Phiomyidae : Ugandamys : Ugandamys downsi20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Peltobatrachus pustulatus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Temnospondyli : Peltobatrachus : Peltobatrachus pustulatus259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Anhinga melanogaster
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Suliformes : Anhingidae : Anhinga : Anhinga melanogaster0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Ardea alba
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Pelecaniformes : Ardeidae : Ardea : Ardea alba0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Abajudon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Abajudon298.9 - 252.17 Ma
Paleozoic
Numenius phaeopus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Scolopacidae : Numenius : Numenius phaeopus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Mandaphon nadra
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Procolophonidae : Mandaphon : Mandaphon nadra247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Plectropterus gambensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Plectropterus : Plectropterus gambensis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Colius striatus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Coliiformes : Coliidae : Colius : Colius striatus1.806 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Melierax metabates
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae : Melierax : Melierax metabates20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Accipiter tachiro
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae : Accipiter : Accipiter tachiro20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Microcarbo africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Suliformes : Phalacrocoracidae : Microcarbo : Microcarbo africanus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Mandasuchus tanyauchen
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Rauisuchidae : Mandasuchus : Mandasuchus tanyauchen247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Nundasuchus songeaensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Nundasuchus : Nundasuchus songeaensis247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Hydroprogne caspia
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Laridae : Hydroprogne : Hydroprogne caspia0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Peliperdix lathami
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Galliformes : Phasianidae : Peliperdix : Peliperdix lathami0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Pelusios rusingae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Pelomedusidae : Pelusios : Pelusios rusingae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Anastomus lamelligerus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Ciconiiformes : Ciconiidae : Anastomus : Anastomus lamelligerus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pelomedusa subrufa
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Pelomedusidae : Pelomedusa : Pelomedusa subrufa5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Haliaeetus vocifer
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae : Haliaeetus : Haliaeetus vocifer0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Geochelone laetoliensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : Geochelone : Geochelone laetoliensis5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Stigmochelys brachygularis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : Stigmochelys : Stigmochelys brachygularis5.333 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Deinotherium hobleyi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Deinotheriidae : Deinotherium : Deinotherium hobleyi22.4 - 20 Ma
Miocene
Progomphotherium maraisi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Amebelodontidae : Progomphotherium : Progomphotherium maraisi22.4 - 20 Ma
Miocene
Protragocerus labidotus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Protragocerus : Protragocerus labidotus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Simatherium demissum
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Simatherium : Simatherium demissum23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Syncerus acoelotus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Syncerus : Syncerus acoelotus2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Brabovus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Brabovus3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Brabovus nanincisus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Brabovus : Brabovus nanincisus5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Homoiodorcas tugenium
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Homoiodorcas : Homoiodorcas tugenium13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Praemadoqua avifluminis
species		Praemadoqua : Praemadoqua avifluminis5.333 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Gazella praethomsoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Gazella : Gazella praethomsoni2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Phenacotragus vanhoepeni
species		Phenacotragus : Phenacotragus vanhoepeni5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Adenota recki
species		Adenota : Adenota recki3.6 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Numidocapra
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Numidocapra2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Rabaticeras arambourgi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Numidocapra : Rabaticeras arambourgi1.806 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Alcelaphus kattwinkeli
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Alcelaphus : Alcelaphus kattwinkeli5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Parmularius altidens
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Parmularius : Parmularius altidens2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Parmularius pandatus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Parmularius : Parmularius pandatus5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Parmularius angusticornis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Parmularius : Parmularius angusticornis2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Hippotragus niro
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Hippotragus : Hippotragus niro2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Aepyceros shungurae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Aepyceros : Aepyceros shungurae3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Kobus porrecticornis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Kobus : Kobus porrecticornis11.62 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Kobus sigmoidalis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Kobus : Kobus sigmoidalis5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Kobus leche
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Kobus : Kobus leche1.806 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Redunca ancystrocera
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Redunca : Redunca ancystrocera5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Menelikia lyrocera
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Menelikia : Menelikia lyrocera5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Pseudotragus gentryi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Pseudotragus : Pseudotragus gentryi13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Hippotragus gigas
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Hippotragus : Hippotragus gigas3.6 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Praedamalis deturi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Praedamalis : Praedamalis deturi5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Parmularius rugosus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Parmularius : Parmularius rugosus1.806 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Listriodon akatikubas
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Listriodon : Listriodon akatikubas13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Lopholistriodon kidogosana
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Lopholistriodon : Lopholistriodon kidogosana13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Sivachoerus syrticus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Sivachoerus : Sivachoerus syrticus7.246 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Sus waylandi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Sus : Sus waylandi23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Nyanzachoerus kanamensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Nyanzachoerus : Nyanzachoerus kanamensis23.03 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Nyanzachoerus jaegeri
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Nyanzachoerus : Nyanzachoerus jaegeri23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Hylochoerus euilus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Hylochoerus : Hylochoerus euilus7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Notochoerus capensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Notochoerus : Notochoerus capensis5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Gerontochoerus scotti
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Gerontochoerus : Gerontochoerus scotti7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Kolpochoerus afarensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Kolpochoerus : Kolpochoerus afarensis7.246 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Metridiochoerus hopwoodi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Metridiochoerus : Metridiochoerus hopwoodi3.6 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Metridiochoerus compactus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Metridiochoerus : Metridiochoerus compactus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Bonisicyon illacabo
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : Bonisicyon : Bonisicyon illacabo7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Torolutra
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Torolutra23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Walangania africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hoplitomerycidae : Walangania : Walangania africanus22.4 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Parapliohyrax ngororaensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : Parapliohyrax : Parapliohyrax ngororaensis13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Geochelone pardalis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : Geochelone : Geochelone pardalis2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Romanocidaris filograna
species		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Cidaroida : Polycidaridae : Romanocidaris : Romanocidaris filograna163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Miniopterus schreibersi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Vespertilionidae : Miniopterus : Miniopterus schreibersi0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Sangusaurus parringtonii
species		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Stahleckeriidae : Sangusaurus : Sangusaurus parringtonii247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Abiadisaurus witteni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Amphibia : Abiadisaurus : Abiadisaurus witteni237 - 163.5 Ma
Mesozoic
Paracalamites
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Equisetales : Paracalamites272.3 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Rousettus pattersoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Pteropodidae : Rousettus : Rousettus pattersoni5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Turkanycteris harrisi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Pteropodidae : Turkanycteris : Turkanycteris harrisi5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Saccolaimus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Emballonuridae : Saccolaimus5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Saccolaimus kenyensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Emballonuridae : Saccolaimus : Saccolaimus kenyensis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Mops turkwellensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Molossidae : Mops : Mops turkwellensis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Mops kerio
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Molossidae : Mops : Mops kerio5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Gorgopsina scharffi
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Arachnida : Araneae : Salticidae : Gorgopsina : Gorgopsina scharffi23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Thryonomys swinderianus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Thryonomyidae : Thryonomys : Thryonomys swinderianus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Damaliscus lunatus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Damaliscus : Damaliscus lunatus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Pelecanus rufescens
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Pelecaniformes : Pelecanidae : Pelecanus : Pelecanus rufescens0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Mycteria ibis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Ciconiiformes : Ciconiidae : Mycteria : Mycteria ibis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Phoenicoparrus minor
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Phoenicopteriformes : Phoenicopteridae : Phoenicoparrus : Phoenicoparrus minor0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Larus fuscus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Laridae : Larus : Larus fuscus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Laridae : Chroicocephalus : Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Bubo lacteus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Strigiformes : Strigidae : Bubo : Bubo lacteus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Corvus albicollis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Passeriformes : Corvidae : Corvus : Corvus albicollis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Bellamya unicolor
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Viviparidae : Bellamya : Bellamya unicolor5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Pila ovata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullariidae : Pila : Pila ovata13.82 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Gabbiella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Bithyniidae : Gabbiella15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Gabbiella senaariensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Bithyniidae : Gabbiella : Gabbiella senaariensis0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Gabbiella humerosa
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Bithyniidae : Gabbiella : Gabbiella humerosa0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Cleopatra bulimoides
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Paludomidae : Cleopatra : Cleopatra bulimoides0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Cleopatra
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Paludomidae : Cleopatra5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Melanoides tuberculata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Thiaridae : Melanoides : Melanoides tuberculata20.44 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Lymnaea natalensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Basommatophora : Lymnaeidae : Lymnaea : Lymnaea natalensis0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Burnupia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Burnupiidae : Burnupia0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Burnupia edwardiana
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Burnupiidae : Burnupia : Burnupia edwardiana0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Ceratophallus kigeziensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Basommatophora : Planorbidae : Ceratophallus : Ceratophallus kigeziensis0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Ceratophallus bicarinatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Basommatophora : Planorbidae : Ceratophallus : Ceratophallus bicarinatus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Ceratophallus apertus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Basommatophora : Planorbidae : Ceratophallus : Ceratophallus apertus0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Ceratophallus faini
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Basommatophora : Planorbidae : Ceratophallus : Ceratophallus faini0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Gyraulus costulatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Basommatophora : Planorbidae : Gyraulus : Gyraulus costulatus0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Biomphalaria choanomphala
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Basommatophora : Planorbidae : Biomphalaria : Biomphalaria choanomphala0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Biomphalaria sudanica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Basommatophora : Planorbidae : Biomphalaria : Biomphalaria sudanica0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Bulinus truncatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Basommatophora : Planorbidae : Bulinus : Bulinus truncatus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Achatina stuhlmanni
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Stylommatophora : Achatinidae : Achatina : Achatina stuhlmanni0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Limicolaria martensiana
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Achatinidae : Limicolaria : Limicolaria martensiana0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Curvella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Stylommatophora : Achatinidae : Curvella0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Succinea baumanni
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Stylommatophora : Succineidae : Succinea : Succinea baumanni0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Coelatura bakeri
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Unionida : Unionidae : Coelatura : Coelatura bakeri0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Coelatura acuminata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Unionida : Unionidae : Coelatura : Coelatura acuminata0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Aspatharia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Unionida : Mutelidae : Aspatharia5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Aspatharia rubens
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Unionida : Iridinidae : Aspatharia : Aspatharia rubens0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Mutela
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Unionida : Iridinidae : Mutela5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Mutela nilotica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Unionida : Iridinidae : Mutela : Mutela nilotica5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Etheria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Unionida : Etheriidae : Etheria23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Etheria elliptica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Unionida : Etheriidae : Etheria : Etheria elliptica2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Corbicula consobrina
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Cyrenidae : Corbicula : Corbicula consobrina0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Sphaerium hartmanni
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Sphaeriidae : Sphaerium : Sphaerium hartmanni0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pisidium victoriae
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Sphaeriida : Sphaeriidae : Pisidium : Pisidium victoriae0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Barbus bynni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Cypriniformes : Cyprinidae : Barbus : Barbus bynni0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Barbus altianalis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Cypriniformes : Cyprinidae : Barbus : Barbus altianalis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Bagrus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Bagridae : Bagrus23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Synodontis schall
species		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Mochokidae : Synodontis : Synodontis schall0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Synodontis frontosus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Mochokidae : Synodontis : Synodontis frontosus0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Lates niloticus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Perciformes : Latidae : Lates : Lates niloticus23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Stagonosuchus tanganyikaensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Stagonosuchus : Stagonosuchus tanganyikaensis247.2 - 242 Ma
Triassic
Protanancus macinnesi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Amebelodontidae : Protanancus : Protanancus macinnesi13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Gomphotherium ngorora
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : Gomphotherium : Gomphotherium ngorora13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Mnyamawamtuka moyowamkia
species		Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Mnyamawamtuka : Mnyamawamtuka moyowamkia125 - 93.9 Ma
Cretaceous
Choffatella decipiens
species		Foraminifera : Cyclamminidae : Choffatella : Choffatella decipiens125.45 - 122.46 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Galulatherium jenkinsi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Sudamericidae : Galulatherium : Galulatherium jenkinsi100.5 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Hourcqia
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Cyprideidae : Hourcqia125 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Australopithecus anamensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Australopithecus : Australopithecus anamensis5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Nyanzapithecus harrisoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Proconsulidae : Nyanzapithecus : Nyanzapithecus harrisoni15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Microcolobus tugenensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Microcolobus : Microcolobus tugenensis13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Limnopithecus evansi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Limnopithecus : Limnopithecus evansi20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Limnopithecus legetet
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Limnopithecus : Limnopithecus legetet20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Parapapio ado
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Parapapio : Parapapio ado5.333 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Parapapio jonesi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Parapapio : Parapapio jonesi5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Parapapio whitei
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Parapapio : Parapapio whitei2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Theropithecus (Omopithecus) brumpti
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Theropithecus : Theropithecus (Omopithecus) brumpti5.333 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Pinnularia
genus		Pinnularia3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Ancylotheriopus tanzaniae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Chalicotheriidae : Ancylotheriopus : Ancylotheriopus tanzaniae5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Fossil LocalitiesClick to show 456 fossil localities
Burundi
DR Congo
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Kenya
Malawi
Mozambique
Rwanda
Somalia
South Sudan
Tanzania
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe

Other Databases

Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Rift_Valley
Wikidata ID:Q81591
GeoNames ID:6957928

Localities in this Region

Africa
Burundi
DR Congo
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Kenya
Malawi
Malawi/Mozambique/Tanzania
Mozambique
Rwanda
Somalia
South Sudan
Tanzania
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

AfricaContinent
African PlateTectonic Plate
African Plate
Arabian Plate
Burundi
DR Congo
Ethiopia
Kenya
Malawi
Rwanda
Somali PlateTectonic Plate
Tanzania
Zambia

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Holmes, A., Harwood, H.F. (1932) Petrology of the volcanic fields east and south-east of Ruwenzori, Uganda. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 88, 370–442.
Davies, K.A. (1951) The Ugandan section of the Western rift. Geological Magazine, 88, 377–385.
McConnell, R.B. (1972) Geological development of the rift system of eastern Africa. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 83, 2549–2572.
Bellon, H., Pouclet, A. (1980) Datations K-Ar de quelques laves du Rift-ouest de l'Afrique Centrale; implications sur l'évolution magmatique et structurale. Geologische Rundschau, 69 (1) 49-62 doi:10.1007/bf01869023
Lloyd, F.E. (1981) Upper-mantle metasomatism beneath a continental rift - Clinopyroxenes in alkali mafic lavas and nodules from south west Uganda, Mineralogical Magazine, 44, 315– 323.
Pouclet, André, Monot, René-Pierre, Piboule, Michel (1983) Le magmatisme alcalin potassique de l'aire volcanique des Virunga (Rift occidental de l'Afrique de l'Est). Une approche statistique dans la recherche des filiations magmatiques et des mecanismes de differenciation. Bulletin de Minéralogie, 106, 607–623.
Lloyd, F.E., Nixon Peter, H., Hornung, G., Condliffe, E. (1987) Regional K-metasomatism in the mantle beneath the west branch of the East African rift; alkali clinopyroxenite xenoliths in highly potassic magmas, Mantle Xenoliths, 641–659.
Ebinger, C.J. (1989) Tectonic development of the western branch of the East African rift system. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 101, 885–903.
Specht, T.D., Rosendahl, B.R. (1989) Architecture of the Lake Malawi Rift, East Africa, Journal of African Earth Sciences, 8, 355–382.
Ring, U., Betzler, C., Delvaux, D. (1992) Normal vs. strike-slip faulting during rift development in East Africa: The Malawi rift. Geology, 20, 1015–1018.
Ebinger, C. J., Deino, A.L., Tesha, A.L., Becker, T., Ring, U. (1993) Tectonic controls on rift basin morphology: Evolution of the northern Malawi (Nyasa) Rift. Journal of Geophysical Research, 98, 17,821–17,836.
Pickford, Martin, Senut, Brigitte, Hadoto, David (1993) Geology and paleobiology of the Albertine Rift Valley, Uganda-Zaire. 1: Geology. International Centre for Training and Exchange in Geosciences, 1, pages 1–190.
Morley, C.K. (1994) Interaction of deep and shallow processes in the evolution of the Kenya rift. Tectonophysics, 236, 81–91.
Ring, U. (1994) The influence of preexisting structure on the evolution of the Cenozoic Malawi Rift (East African rift system). Tectonics, 13, 313–326.
Upcott, N. M., Mukasa, N.K., Ebinger, C.J., Karner, G.D. (1996) Along-axis segmentation and isostasy in the Western rift, East Africa. Journal of Geophysical Research, B101, 3247–3268.
Schlüter, T. (1997) Geology of East Africa, Gebrüder Bornträger, 484 pp.
Foster, Adrian, Ebinger, Cindy, Mbede, Evelyne, Rex, David (1997) Tectonic development of the northern Tanzanian sector of the East African Rift System. Journal of the Geological Society, 154, 689–700.
Boven, A., Pasteels, P., Punzalan, L.E., Yamba, T.K, Musisi, J.H. (1998) Quaternary perpotassic magmatism in Uganda (Toro-Ankole volcanic province): Age assessment and significance for magmatic evolution along the East African Rift. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 26 (3). 463-476
Yamba, T.K., Boven, A. (1998) Evolution Pliocène et Quarternarie du replissage sédimentaire dans le sud du bassin du lac Edouard, branche occidentale du Rift Est-Africain. African Journal of Earth Sciences, 26, 423–439.
Laerdal, T., Talbot, M.R. (2002) Basin neotectonics of Lake Edward and George, East African Rift. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 187, 213–232.
Chorowicz, Jean (2005) The East African rift system. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 43 (1) 379-410 doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2005.07.019
Ring, U., Schwartz, H., Bromage, T.G., Sanaane, C. (2005) Kinematic and sedimentological evolution of the Manyara Rift in northern Tanzania, East Africa. Geological Magazine, 142, 355–368.
Calais, E., Hartnady, C,. Ebinger, C., Nocquet, J.M. (2006) Kinematics of the East African Rift from GPS and earthquake slip vector data. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 259, 9–22.
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