Home Page About Mindat The Mindat Manual History of Mindat Copyright Status Who We Are Our Science Mindat Newsletter [Free Download]Contact Us

Donate to Mindat Sponsor a Page Corporate Sponsorship Sponsored Pages

Learning Center What Is a Mineral?The Most Common Minerals on Earth Information for Educators Mindat Articles Mindat Newsletter [Free Download]The Elements The Mineral Quiz

Search Form Minerals by Properties Minerals by Chemistry Mineral Visual Explorer Advanced Locality Search Random Mineral Random Locality Search by minID Minerals by Country Alphabetical Mineral Index Alphabetical Locality Search Mineral Association Search List of Countries Localities Near Me Photo Search Search Articles Search Glossary The Rock H. Currier Digital Library More Search Options

The Mindat Manual Add a New Photo Rate Photos Locality Edit Report Coordinate Completion Report Add Glossary Item

Minerals Petrology Fossils Meteorites Geologic Time

Mining Companies Statistics Mineral Museums Clubs & Organizations Mineral Shows & Events Device Settings Time Machine

Read Discussions Identification Request

Photo Search Photo Galleries Search by Colour Photo Colour Explorer New Photos Today New Photos Yesterday Members' Photo Galleries Past Photo of the Day Gallery Photography

Mount Kenya, Mount Kenya National Park, Meru County, Kenya i
Regional Level Types
Mount Kenya Mountain
Mount Kenya National Park National Park
Meru County County
Kenya Country

Regional Level Types
Mount Kenya	Mountain
Mount Kenya National Park	National Park
Meru County	County
Kenya	Country

This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.

Photos Maps Search

Standard

All Photos (17)Specimen Photos (3)Locality Photos (14)Photos by Color Gallery Photo Statistics Add Photo

Map Pages Nearest Localities

Mineral Search Similar Localities Nearest Localities Predictive Mineralogy Search Google

Batian and Nelion peaks, Mount Kenya

Mount Kenya, Mount Kenya National Park, Meru County, Kenya

Nelion Peak from Point Lenana, Mount Kenya

Mount Kenya, Mount Kenya National Park, Meru County, Kenya

Point Lenana and Nelion peak, Mount Kenya

Mount Kenya, Mount Kenya National Park, Meru County, Kenya

Batian and Nelion peaks, Mount Kenya

Mount Kenya, Mount Kenya National Park, Meru County, Kenya

Nelion Peak from Point Lenana, Mount Kenya

Mount Kenya, Mount Kenya National Park, Meru County, Kenya

Point Lenana and Nelion peak, Mount Kenya

Mount Kenya, Mount Kenya National Park, Meru County, Kenya

Batian and Nelion peaks, Mount Kenya

Mount Kenya, Mount Kenya National Park, Meru County, Kenya

Nelion Peak from Point Lenana, Mount Kenya

Mount Kenya, Mount Kenya National Park, Meru County, Kenya

Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):

0° 10' 0'' South , 37° 17' 59'' East

Latitude & Longitude (decimal):

G#: kzfx0c9j0

Type:

Age:

4.5 Ma

Geologic Time:

Pliocene

Dating method:

Rb-Sr whole rock

Reference for age:

Rock, N.M.S. (1976) The comparative strontium isotopic composition of alkaline rocks: new data from Southern Portugal and East Africa. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 56, 205–228. doi.org/10.1007/BF00399605

Köppen climate type:

Csb : Warm-summer Mediterranean climate

Nearest Settlements:

Place	Population	Distance
Naro Moru	9,018 (2018)	31.4km
Nanyuki	36,142 (2018)	31.6km
Kerugoya	15,287 (2017)	37.0km
Chuka	9,347 (2013)	42.7km
Embu	34,922 (2018)	45.0km

Mindat Locality ID:

224165

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:2:224165:7

GUID (UUID V4):

Mount Kenya straddles Meru County, Nyeri County and the northernmost portion of Kirinyaga County.

It has been located as Meru County on Mindat due to the National Park being largely in Meru County, see https://www.mindat.org/loc-224164.html

Mount Kenya, which reaches a summit of 5200 m, is a central volcano located to the east of the East African Rift.

The main eruptive phase of the Mount Kenya volcanics is of Pliocene to Pleistocene age (Baker et al., 1971; Rock, 1976; Price et al., 1985) and overlies tufts and basalts of Miocene-Pliocene age which rest on a Precambrian basement of gneisses and schists (Baker, 1967).

The main eruptive phase is composed of basalts, phonolites, kenytes and trachytes with the summit consisting of a complex intrusive plug of syenite and phonolite.

The most recent activity on Mount Kenya occurred as satellite eruptions, which built pyroclastic cones and extrusive domes of basalt and trachyte.

These later eruptives, which were also extensively emplaced as dykes, are believed to be of Pleistocene age.

Erosion of the summit by glaciers which are still active has extensively exposed the central core of the volcano.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List

17 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

ⓘ Pantelleritic rhyolite

ⓘ Phonolite

ⓘ 'Porphyry'

ⓘ Schist

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Aegirine

Formula: NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆

References:

Gregory, J. W. (1900) Contributions to the Geology of British East Africa.--Part II.The Geology of Mount Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 56 (1) 205-222 doi:10.1144/gsl.jgs.1900.056.01-04.12

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Rock, N. M. S. (1976) The comparative strontium isotopic composition of alkaline rocks: New data from Southern Portugal and East Africa. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 56 (2) 205-228 doi:10.1007/bf00399605

Price, R. C., Johnson, R. W., Gray, C. M., Frey, F. A. (1985) Geochemistry of phonolites and trachytes from the summit region of Mt. Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 89 (4) 394-409 doi:10.1007/bf00381560

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ Aegirine-augite

Formula: (Na_aCa_bFe²⁺_cMg_d)(Fe³⁺_eAl_fFe²⁺_gMg_h)Si₂O₆

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ Aenigmatite

Formula: Na₄[Fe²⁺₁₀Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ Albite

Formula: Na(AlSi₃O₈)

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ Albite var. Andesine

Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase

Formula: (Na,K)AlSi₃O₈

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

Dawson, J.B., Hinton, R.W., and Steele, I.M. (2008) The composition of anorthoclase and nepheline in Mount Kenya phonolite and Kilimanjaro trachyte, and crystal-glass partitioning of elements. Canadian Mineralogist, 46, 6, 1455-1464.

ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase

Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ 'Alkali Feldspar'

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'

Formula: AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ Analcime

Formula: Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ 'Apatite'

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ Augite

Formula: (Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ 'Biotite'

Formula: K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'

References:

ⓘ Fayalite

Formula: Fe²⁺₂SiO₄

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ 'Feldspar Group var. Perthite'

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ 'Glass'

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ 'Iddingsite'

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ Nepheline

Formula: Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'

Formula: ADSi₂O₆

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ Riebeckite

Formula: ◻[Na₂][Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ Sanidine

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ Scolecite

Formula: CaAl₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ Sodalite

Formula: Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ 'Sodium Amphibole Subgroup'

Formula: A_n(Na₂)(Z₅)(Si_8-mAl_mO₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ 'Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup'

Formula: A_n(NaCa)(Z²⁺_5-mZ³⁺_m)(Si_8-(n+m+1)Al_(n+m-1)O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ Spinel

Formula: MgAl₂O₄

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca

Formula: NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ 'Zeolite Group'

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Spinel	4.BB.05	MgAl₂O₄
ⓘ	Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Fayalite	9.AC.05	Fe²⁺₂SiO₄
ⓘ	Augite	9.DA.15	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Aegirine-augite	9.DA.20	(Na_aCa_bFe²⁺_cMg_d)(Fe³⁺_eAl_fFe²⁺_gMg_h)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Aegirine	9.DA.25	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Riebeckite	9.DE.25	◻[Na₂][Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Aenigmatite	9.DH.40	Na₄[Fe²⁺₁₀Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
ⓘ	Nepheline	9.FA.05	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
ⓘ	Sanidine	9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Albite	9.FA.35	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	var. Andesine	9.FA.35	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
ⓘ	var. Anorthoclase	9.FA.35	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
ⓘ	var. Oligoclase	9.FA.35	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
ⓘ	Sodalite	9.FB.10	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
ⓘ	'Zeolite Group'	9.G0.
ⓘ	Scolecite	9.GA.05	CaAl₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
ⓘ	Thomsonite-Ca	9.GA.10	NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O
ⓘ	Analcime	9.GB.05	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Alkali Feldspar'	-
ⓘ	'Amphibole Supergroup'	-	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
ⓘ	'Biotite'	-	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
ⓘ	'Feldspar Group'	-
ⓘ	'var. Perthite'	-
ⓘ	'Iddingsite'	-
ⓘ	'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'	-
ⓘ	'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'	-
ⓘ	'Pyroxene Group'	-	ADSi₂O₆
ⓘ	'Glass'	-
ⓘ	'Apatite'	-	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
ⓘ	'Sodium Amphibole Subgroup'	-	A_n(Na₂)(Z₅)(Si_8-mAl_mO₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
ⓘ	'Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup'	-	A_n(NaCa)(Z²⁺_5-mZ³⁺_m)(Si_8-(n+m+1)Al_(n+m-1)O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
H	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
H	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
H	ⓘ Riebeckite	◻[Na₂][Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Scolecite	CaAl₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
H	ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca	NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O
H	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
H	ⓘ Sodium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(Na₂)(Z₅)(Si_8-mAl_mO₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
H	ⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(NaCa)(Z²⁺_5-mZ_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m+1)Al_(n+m-1)O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
O	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
O	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
O	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
O	ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
O	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Fayalite	Fe₂²⁺SiO₄
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
O	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Riebeckite	◻[Na₂][Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Sanidine	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Scolecite	CaAl₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
O	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
O	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
O	ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca	NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O
O	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
O	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
O	ⓘ Sodium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(Na₂)(Z₅)(Si_8-mAl_mO₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
O	ⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(NaCa)(Z²⁺_5-mZ_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m+1)Al_(n+m-1)O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
F	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
F	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
F	ⓘ Sodium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(Na₂)(Z₅)(Si_8-mAl_mO₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
F	ⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(NaCa)(Z²⁺_5-mZ_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m+1)Al_(n+m-1)O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Na	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Na	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Na	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Na	ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
Na	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Na	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Na	ⓘ Riebeckite	◻[Na₂][Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
Na	ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca	NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O
Na	ⓘ Sodium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(Na₂)(Z₅)(Si_8-mAl_mO₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Na	ⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(NaCa)(Z²⁺_5-mZ_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m+1)Al_(n+m-1)O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Mg	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
Mg	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Al	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
Al	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Al	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Al	ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
Al	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Al	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Al	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Al	ⓘ Sanidine	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Scolecite	CaAl₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
Al	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
Al	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
Al	ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca	NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O
Al	ⓘ Sodium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(Na₂)(Z₅)(Si_8-mAl_mO₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Al	ⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(NaCa)(Z²⁺_5-mZ_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m+1)Al_(n+m-1)O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Si	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
Si	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Si	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Si	ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
Si	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Si	ⓘ Fayalite	Fe₂²⁺SiO₄
Si	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Si	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Riebeckite	◻[Na₂][Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Sanidine	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Scolecite	CaAl₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
Si	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
Si	ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca	NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O
Si	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Si	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Sodium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(Na₂)(Z₅)(Si_8-mAl_mO₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Si	ⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(NaCa)(Z²⁺_5-mZ_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m+1)Al_(n+m-1)O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
Cl	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
Cl	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Cl	ⓘ Sodium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(Na₂)(Z₅)(Si_8-mAl_mO₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Cl	ⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(NaCa)(Z²⁺_5-mZ_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m+1)Al_(n+m-1)O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
K	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
K	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
K	ⓘ Sanidine	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Ca	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Ca	ⓘ Scolecite	CaAl₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca	NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Ca	ⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(NaCa)(Z²⁺_5-mZ_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m+1)Al_(n+m-1)O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Ti	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
Ti	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Fe	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Fe	ⓘ Fayalite	Fe₂²⁺SiO₄
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Riebeckite	◻[Na₂][Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series

Geochronology

Mineralization age: Pliocene : 3.1 Ma to 2.64 Ma

Important note: This table is based only on rock and mineral ages recorded on mindat.org for this locality and is not necessarily a complete representation of the geochronology, but does give an indication of possible mineralization events relevant to this locality. As more age information is added this table may expand in the future. A break in the table simply indicates a lack of data entered here, not necessarily a break in the geologic sequence. Grey background entries are from different, related, localities.

Geologic Time

Rocks, Minerals and Events

ⓘ Nepheline-syenite	2.64 Ma
ⓘ Phonolite	3.1 Ma

Other Databases

Wikipedia:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kenya
Wikidata ID:	Q172070

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

AfricaContinent

East African Rift System (EARS)Zone (Tectonic)

African Plate

Arabian-Nubian Shield
- Nakfa TerraneVolcanic Arc

Kenya

⭔Central ProvinceCounty

Somali PlateTectonic Plate

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

fdocuments.in (n.d.) https://fdocuments.in/document/sequence-and-geochronology-of-the-kenya-rift-volcanics.html?page=1

fdocuments.net (n.d.) https://fdocuments.net/document/geochemistry-of-phonolites-and-trachytes-from-the-summit-region-of-mt-kenya.html

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pages.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Rock, N. M. S. (1976) Petrogenetic significance of some new xenolithic alkaline rocks from East Africa. Mineralogical Magazine, 40 (314) 611-625 doi:10.1180/minmag.1976.040.314.09

Baker, B.H. (1987) Outline of the petrology of the Kenya rift alkaline province. In J.G. Fitton and B.G.J. Upton (eds.) Alkaline igneous rocks: 293-311. Geological Society of London, Special Publication 30 and Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.

Mahaney, W.C. (1989) Glacial advances on Mount Kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction? Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains: 141-153.

Woolley, A. R. (2001) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World, Part 3: Africa - Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World. The Geological Society of London.p.130

Dawson, J.B., Hinton, R.W., Steele, I.M. (2008) The composition of anorthoclase and nepheline in Mount Kenya phonolite and Kilimanjaro trachyte, and crystal-glass partitioning of elements. The Canadian Mineralogist: 46(6):1455-1464.

www.biodiversitylibrary.org (2020) https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/129586#page/279/mode/1up

Quick NavTop Mineral List Rock Types Geochronology Other Databases Other Regions References

Mindat.org® is an outreach project of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization. Mindat® and mindat.org® are registered trademarks of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy.
Copyright © mindat.org and the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy 1993-2026, except where stated. Most political location boundaries are © OpenStreetMap contributors. Mindat.org relies on the contributions of thousands of members and supporters. Founded in 2000 by Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau.
Content on this site may not be used to train, fine-tune, or otherwise develop artificial intelligence or machine learning models without prior written permission - see our Terms & Conditions.
To cite: Ralph, J., Von Bargen, D., Martynov, P., Zhang, J., Que, X., Prabhu, A., Morrison, S. M., Li, W., Chen, W., & Ma, X. (2025). Mindat.org: The open access mineralogy database to accelerate data-intensive geoscience research. American Mineralogist, 110(6), 833–844. doi:10.2138/am-2024-9486.
Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions - Contact Us / DMCA issues - Report a bug/vulnerability Current server date and time: October 18, 2026 21:10:43 Page updated: August 3, 2025 17:43:01

Go to top of page

Mount Kenya, Mount Kenya National Park, Meru County, KenyaiRegional Level TypesMount KenyaMountain Mount Kenya National ParkNational Park Meru CountyCounty KenyaCountry function showexplain() { $("#locexplain").toggle(); if (typeof movemap === "function") movemap(); }

Select Mineral List Type

Mineral List

Rock Types Recorded

Select Rock List Type

Detailed Mineral List:

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

List of minerals for each chemical element

Geochronology

Other Databases

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

References

Mount Kenya, Mount Kenya National Park, Meru County, Kenya i
Regional Level Types
Mount Kenya Mountain
Mount Kenya National Park National Park
Meru County County
Kenya Country