Bowell, R. J., Warren, A., & Redmond, I. (1996). Formation of cave salts and utilization by elephants in the Mount Elgon region, Kenya. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 113(1), 63-79.

ⓘ Analcime

Formula: Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O

Localities:

Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya
Budeda complex, Bududa, Eastern Region, Uganda
Tinderet volcano, Nandi County, Kenya
Londiani Volcano, Baringo County, Kenya

ⓘ Anatase

Formula: TiO₂

Locality: Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

Reedman, J.H. (1984) Resources of phosphate, niobium, iron, and other elements in residual soils over the Sukulu carbonatite complex, southeastern Uganda. Economic Geology: 79: 716-724.

ⓘ Andradite

Formula: Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃

Localities:

Tinderet volcano, Nandi County, Kenya
Londiani Volcano, Baringo County, Kenya

ⓘ Andradite var. Melanite

Formula: Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃

Localities:

Tinderet volcano, Nandi County, Kenya
Londiani Volcano, Baringo County, Kenya

ⓘ Anhydrite

Formula: CaSO₄

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ 'Apatite'

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)

Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.

ⓘ Aphthitalite

Formula: (K,Na)₃Na(SO₄)₂

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ 'Apophyllite Group'

Formula: AB₄[Si₈O₂₂]X · 8H₂O

Localities:

Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya
Sipi, Mount Elgon, Manafwa, Eastern Region, Uganda

ⓘ Arfvedsonite

Formula: [Na][Na₂][Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂

Locality: Tororo complex, Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

Sutherland, Diana S. (1969) Sodic amphiboles and pyroxenes from fenites in East Africa. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 24 (2) 114-135 doi:10.1007/bf00376886

ⓘ Augite

Formula: (Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆

Locality: Tinderet volcano, Nandi County, Kenya

References:

Binge, F. W. (1962). Geology of the Kericho Area. Report, Geological Survey of Kenya, 50.

Le Bas, M. J., & Dixon, J. A. (1965). A new carbonatite in the Legetet hills, Kenya. Nature, 207(4992), 68-68. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/207068a0.pdf

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

King, B. C., Le Bas, M. J., & Sutherland, D. S. (1972). The history of the alkaline volcanoes and intrusive complexes of eastern Uganda and western Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 128(2), 173-205. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.128.2.0173

Deans, T., & Roberts, B. (1984). Carbonatite tuffs and lava clasts of the Tinderet foothills, western Kenya: a study of calcified natrocarbonatites. Journal of the Geological Society, 141(3), 563-580. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.141.3.0563

ⓘ Baddeleyite

Formula: ZrO₂

Localities:

Busumbu deposit, Bukusu complex, Manafwa, Eastern Region, Uganda
Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda

ⓘ Baryte

Formula: BaSO₄

Localities:

Busumbu deposit, Bukusu complex, Manafwa, Eastern Region, Uganda
Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda

ⓘ 'Biotite'

Formula: K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂

Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.

ⓘ Bismite

Formula: Bi₂O₃

Locality: Mbale pegmatite, Mbale, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

von Knorring, O. (1972): The occurrence of bismuth minerals in some African pegmatites. Annu. Rep. Res. Inst. African Geol., Univ. Leeds: 16: 53-55

in: Fleischer, M. (1974): New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 59: 1139-1141

ⓘ Blödite

Formula: Na₂Mg(SO₄)₂ · 4H₂O

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ Buchwaldite

Formula: NaCa(PO₄)

Locality: Soroti meteorite, Soroti, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

Kracher, A., Gramstad, S. D. &

Planetary Science (abstract) 33 (4, Supplement): pp. A88-A89 (July 1998)

Kurat, G. (1998) Soroti and the Origin of Sulfide-rich Meteorites: Meteoritics &

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.

ⓘ Calzirtite

Formula: Ca₂Zr₅Ti₂O₁₆

Locality: Bukusu complex, Manafwa, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

Mineralogical Society of America - Handbook of Mineralogy

ⓘ Cancrinite

Formula: (Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O

Locality: Budeda complex, Bududa, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

Sutherland, Diana S. (1969) Sodic amphiboles and pyroxenes from fenites in East Africa. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 24 (2) 114-135 doi:10.1007/bf00376886

ⓘ Chalcopyrite

Formula: CuFeS₂

Localities:

Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda
Tira mine, Busia, Eastern Region, Uganda

ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'

Locality: Tira mine, Busia, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

Mbonimpa, A. (2005). The genesis and characteristics of the gold mineralisation in the area between river Malaba and river Solo in Busia district, South Eastern Uganda (MSc thesis, Makerere University).

ⓘ Chromite

Formula: Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂O₄

Locality: Soroti meteorite, Soroti, Eastern Region, Uganda

Description: Zoned, Mg- & Al-free

References:

Kracher, A. &

Kurat, G. (1979) Soroti - A Meteorite with a Metal/Sulfide Cotectic Composition (abstract): Meteoritics 14 (4): p. 461. (Dec 1979)

ⓘ 'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series'

Locality: Lunyo area, Busia, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

Von Knorring & Fadipe (1981): On the mineralogy and geochemistry of niobium and tantalum in some granite pegmatites and alkali granites of Africa. Bull.Minéral.104, 496-507

ⓘ Columbite-(Mn)

Formula: Mn²⁺Nb₂O₆

Locality: Kbale, Kiboga, Central Region, Uganda

References:

Von Knorring & Fadipe (1981): On the mineralogy and geochemistry of niobium and tantalum in some granite pegmatites and alkali granites of Africa. Bull.Minéral.104, 496-507

ⓘ Copper

Formula: Cu

Locality: Soroti meteorite, Soroti, Eastern Region, Uganda

Description: Very minor amounts in Troilite

References:

Kracher, A. &

Kracher, A., Gramstad, S. D. &

Planetary Science (abstract) 33 (4, Supplement): pp. A88-A89 (July 1998)

Kurat, G. (1979) Soroti - A Meteorite with a Metal/Sulfide Cotectic Composition (abstract): Meteoritics 14 (4): p. 461. (Dec 1979)

Kurat, G. (1998) Soroti and the Origin of Sulfide-rich Meteorites: Meteoritics &

ⓘ Covellite

Formula: CuS

Locality: Tira mine, Busia, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

ⓘ Crandallite

Formula: CaAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆

Locality: Busumbu deposit, Bukusu complex, Manafwa, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

www.uoguelph.ca (2004) http://www.uoguelph.ca/~geology/rocks_for_crops/54uganda.PDF

ⓘ Daubréelite

Formula: Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂S₄

Locality: Soroti meteorite, Soroti, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

Kracher, A. &

amp

Kurat, G. (1979) Soroti - A Meteorite with a Metal/Sulfide Cotectic Composition (abstract): Meteoritics 14 (4): p. 461. (Dec 1979)

ⓘ Djerfisherite

Formula: K₆(Fe,Cu,Ni)₂₅S₂₆Cl

Locality: Soroti meteorite, Soroti, Eastern Region, Uganda

Description: Very minor amounts in Troilite

References:

Kracher, A. &

Kracher, A., Gramstad, S. D. &

Planetary Science (abstract) 33 (4, Supplement): pp. A88-A89 (July 1998)

Kurat, G. (1979) Soroti - A Meteorite with a Metal/Sulfide Cotectic Composition (abstract): Meteoritics 14 (4): p. 461. (Dec 1979)

Kurat, G. (1998) Soroti and the Origin of Sulfide-rich Meteorites: Meteoritics &

ⓘ Dolomite

Formula: CaMg(CO₃)₂

Locality: Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

Reedman, J.H. (1984) Resources of phosphate, niobium, iron, and other elements in residual soils over the Sukulu carbonatite complex, southeastern Uganda. Economic Geology: 79: 716-724.

ⓘ Epsomite

Formula: MgSO₄ · 7H₂O

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'

Localities:

Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda
Mbale meteorite, Mbale, Eastern Region, Uganda
Tinderet volcano, Nandi County, Kenya
Kericho and Sotik volcanic area, Nandi County, Kenya

ⓘ Fluorapatite

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃F

Localities:

Busumbu deposit, Bukusu complex, Manafwa, Eastern Region, Uganda
Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda
Soroti meteorite, Soroti, Eastern Region, Uganda

ⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich Fluorapatite

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄,CO₃)₃(F,O)

Locality: Busumbu deposit, Bukusu complex, Manafwa, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

USGS Open-File Report 02–156–A

www.uoguelph.ca (2004) http://www.uoguelph.ca/~geology/rocks_for_crops/54uganda.PDF

ⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K)

Formula: KCa₄(Si₈O₂₀)(F,OH) · 8H₂O

Locality: Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

Collection: Paul Mestrom

analysis: Rob Smits

ⓘ Fluorite

Formula: CaF₂

Localities:

Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya
Tinderet volcano, Nandi County, Kenya

ⓘ Galena

Formula: PbS

Localities:

Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda
Tira mine, Busia, Eastern Region, Uganda

ⓘ 'Garnet Group'

Formula: X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃

Locality: Tinderet volcano, Nandi County, Kenya

References:

Binge, F. W. (1962). Geology of the Kericho Area. Report, Geological Survey of Kenya, 50.

Le Bas, M. J., & Dixon, J. A. (1965). A new carbonatite in the Legetet hills, Kenya. Nature, 207(4992), 68-68. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/207068a0.pdf

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

ⓘ 'Garnet Group var. Titanium-bearing Garnet'

Formula: X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃

Locality: Tinderet volcano, Nandi County, Kenya

References:

Binge, F. W. (1962). Geology of the Kericho Area. Report, Geological Survey of Kenya, 50.

Le Bas, M. J., & Dixon, J. A. (1965). A new carbonatite in the Legetet hills, Kenya. Nature, 207(4992), 68-68. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/207068a0.pdf

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11 (3) 191-215 doi:10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

ⓘ 'Gmelinite Subgroup'

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ Goethite

Formula: Fe³⁺O(OH)

Localities:

Busumbu deposit, Bukusu complex, Manafwa, Eastern Region, Uganda
Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda
Tira mine, Busia, Eastern Region, Uganda
Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

ⓘ Gold

Formula: Au

Localities:

Kimingini Mine, Kakamega County, Kenya
Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda
Amonikakinei mine, Busia, Eastern Region, Uganda
Tira mine, Busia, Eastern Region, Uganda
Kakamega-Kisumu Mine, Kakamega Goldfield, Kavirondo, Kakamega County, Kenya

ⓘ Gold var. Electrum

Formula: (Au,Ag)

Locality: Tira mine, Busia, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

ⓘ Gonnardite

Formula: (Na,Ca)₂(Si,Al)₅O₁₀ · 3H₂O

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

Paolo Forti - Genetic processes of cave minerals in volcanic environments: An overview. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, v. 67, no. 1, p. 3-13.

ⓘ Gorceixite

Formula: BaAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆

Locality: Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

Reedman, J.H. (1984) Resources of phosphate, niobium, iron, and other elements in residual soils over the Sukulu carbonatite complex, southeastern Uganda. Economic Geology: 79: 716-724.

ⓘ Graphite

Formula: C

Locality: Soroti meteorite, Soroti, Eastern Region, Uganda

Description: As nodules adjacent to troilite or in the metal and surrounded by swathing kamacite

References:

Buchwald, Vagn F. (1975) Handbook of Iron Meteorites - Their History, Distribution, Composition and Structure. University of California Press.

ⓘ Gypsum

Formula: CaSO₄ · 2H₂O

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ Halite

Formula: NaCl

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ Halotrichite

Formula: FeAl₂(SO₄)₄ · 22H₂O

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ Harmotome

Formula: Ba₂(Si₁₂Al₄)O₃₂ · 12H₂O

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ Hematite

Formula: Fe₂O₃

Localities:

Busumbu deposit, Bukusu complex, Manafwa, Eastern Region, Uganda
Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda

ⓘ Hexahydrite

Formula: MgSO₄ · 6H₂O

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)

Formula: KCa₄(Si₈O₂₀)(OH,F) · 8H₂O

Localities:

Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya
Chepnyalil Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

ⓘ Ilmenite

Formula: Fe²⁺TiO₃

Localities:

Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda
Tira mine, Busia, Eastern Region, Uganda
Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

ⓘ Iron

Formula: Fe

Localities:

Mbale meteorite, Mbale, Eastern Region, Uganda
Soroti meteorite, Soroti, Eastern Region, Uganda

ⓘ Iron var. Kamacite

Formula: (Fe,Ni)

Locality: Soroti meteorite, Soroti, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

Ramdohr, Paul (1972) The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. De Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9783112651025

Buchwald, Vagn F. (1975) Handbook of Iron Meteorites - Their History, Distribution, Composition and Structure. University of California Press.

ⓘ Iron var. Martensite

Formula: Fe

Locality: Soroti meteorite, Soroti, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

Buchwald, Vagn F. (1975) Handbook of Iron Meteorites - Their History, Distribution, Composition and Structure. University of California Press.

ⓘ Isocubanite

Formula: CuFe₂S₃

Locality: Soroti meteorite, Soroti, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

Ramdohr, Paul (1972) The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. De Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9783112651025

ⓘ Jacobsite

Formula: Mn²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

Locality: Tinderet volcano, Nandi County, Kenya

References:

A. N. Zaitsev, T. Wenzel, T. Vennemann and G. Markl (2013): Tinderet volcano, Kenya: an altered natrocarbonatite locality? Mineralogical Magazine 77, 213-226.

ⓘ Kaolinite

Formula: Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ Katophorite

Formula: {Na}{CaNa}{Mg₄Al}[(AlSi₇)O₂₂](OH)₂

Localities:

Tinderet volcano, Nandi County, Kenya
Kericho and Sotik volcanic area, Nandi County, Kenya
Londiani Volcano, Baringo County, Kenya

ⓘ Laumontite

Formula: CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ 'Leucoxene'

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ 'Limonite'

Localities:

Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda
Tororo complex, Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda
Soroti meteorite, Soroti, Eastern Region, Uganda

ⓘ Lonecreekite

Formula: (NH₄)Fe³⁺(SO₄)₂ · 12H₂O

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ Mackinawite

Formula: FeS

Locality: Soroti meteorite, Soroti, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

Ramdohr, Paul (1972) The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. De Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9783112651025

ⓘ Magnesio-arfvedsonite

Formula: {Na}{Na₂}{Mg₄Fe³⁺}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂

Locality: Tororo complex, Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

Sutherland, Diana S. (1969) Sodic amphiboles and pyroxenes from fenites in East Africa. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 24 (2) 114-135 doi:10.1007/bf00376886

ⓘ Magnesioferrite

Formula: MgFe³⁺₂O₄

Locality: Tinderet volcano, Nandi County, Kenya

References:

A. N. Zaitsev, T. Wenzel, T. Vennemann and G. Markl (2013): Tinderet volcano, Kenya: an altered natrocarbonatite locality? Mineralogical Magazine 77, 213-226.

ⓘ Magnesite

Formula: MgCO₃

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.

ⓘ 'Melilite Group'

Formula: Ca₂M(XSiO₇)

Localities:

Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya
Tinderet volcano, Nandi County, Kenya
Londiani Volcano, Baringo County, Kenya

ⓘ Microcline

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

Localities:

Tororo complex, Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda
Budeda complex, Bududa, Eastern Region, Uganda

ⓘ Mirabilite

Formula: Na₂SO₄ · 10H₂O

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ Mohrite

Formula: (NH₄)₂Fe(SO₄)₂ · 6H₂O

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ 'Monazite Group'

Formula: REE(PO₄)

Locality: Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

Berger, Vladimir I.; Singer, Donald A.; Orris, Greta J. (2009) Carbonatites of the World, Explored Deposits of Nb and REE—Database and Grade and Tonnage Models . Open-File Report 2009-1139. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr20091139

ⓘ Muscovite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

Locality: Tira mine, Busia, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

Locality: Tira mine, Busia, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

ⓘ Natrolite

Formula: Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O

Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.

ⓘ Natron

Formula: Na₂CO₃ · 10H₂O

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ Nepheline

Formula: Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)

Localities:

Tororo complex, Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda
Tinderet volcano, Nandi County, Kenya
Kericho and Sotik volcanic area, Nandi County, Kenya
Londiani Volcano, Baringo County, Kenya

ⓘ Nitromagnesite

Formula: Mg(NO₃)₂ · 6H₂O

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ Nyerereite

Formula: Na₂Ca(CO₃)₂

Locality: Tinderet volcano, Nandi County, Kenya

References:

A. N. Zaitsev, T. Wenzel, T. Vennemann and G. Markl (2013): Tinderet volcano, Kenya: an altered natrocarbonatite locality? Mineralogical Magazine 77, 213-226.

ⓘ Orthoclase

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

Locality: Kericho and Sotik volcanic area, Nandi County, Kenya

References:

Schoeman, J. J. (1949). Geology of the Sotik district. Geol. Surv. Kenya Rept., 16.

Binge, F. W. (1962). Geology of the Kericho Area. Report, Geological Survey of Kenya, 50.

ⓘ Pectolite

Formula: NaCa₂Si₃O₈(OH)

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ Pentlandite

Formula: (Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈

Locality: Soroti meteorite, Soroti, Eastern Region, Uganda

Description: Very minor amounts in Troilite

References:

Kracher, A. &

Kracher, A., Gramstad, S. D. &

Planetary Science (abstract) 33 (4, Supplement): pp. A88-A89 (July 1998)

Kurat, G. (1979) Soroti - A Meteorite with a Metal/Sulfide Cotectic Composition (abstract): Meteoritics 14 (4): p. 461. (Dec 1979)

Kurat, G. (1998) Soroti and the Origin of Sulfide-rich Meteorites: Meteoritics &

ⓘ Perovskite

Formula: CaTiO₃

Localities:

Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda
Tinderet volcano, Nandi County, Kenya
Londiani Volcano, Baringo County, Kenya

ⓘ 'Phillipsite Subgroup'

Localities:

Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya
Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda
Sipi, Mount Elgon, Manafwa, Eastern Region, Uganda

ⓘ Phlogopite

Formula: KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

Localities:

Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda
Tororo complex, Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda

ⓘ 'Plessite'

Locality: Soroti meteorite, Soroti, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

Buchwald, Vagn F. (1975) Handbook of Iron Meteorites - Their History, Distribution, Composition and Structure. University of California Press.

ⓘ 'Plumbopyrochlore (of Atencio et al.)'

Locality: Tinderet volcano, Nandi County, Kenya

References:

A. N. Zaitsev, T. Wenzel, T. Vennemann and G. Markl (2013): Tinderet volcano, Kenya: an altered natrocarbonatite locality? Mineralogical Magazine 77, 213-226.

ⓘ Polyhalite

Formula: K₂Ca₂Mg(SO₄)₄ · 2H₂O

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

Locality: Tira mine, Busia, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Group'

Formula: A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z

Localities:

Busumbu deposit, Bukusu complex, Manafwa, Eastern Region, Uganda
Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda

ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'

Formula: ADSi₂O₆

Localities:

Mbale meteorite, Mbale, Eastern Region, Uganda
Tinderet volcano, Nandi County, Kenya
Kericho and Sotik volcanic area, Nandi County, Kenya
Londiani Volcano, Baringo County, Kenya

ⓘ Pyrrhotite

Formula: Fe_1-xS

Localities:

Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda
Tira mine, Busia, Eastern Region, Uganda

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

Localities:

Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda
Amonikakinei mine, Busia, Eastern Region, Uganda
Tira mine, Busia, Eastern Region, Uganda
Tororo complex, Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda
Mbale pegmatite, Mbale, Eastern Region, Uganda

ⓘ Richterite

Formula: Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂

Locality: Tororo complex, Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

Sutherland, Diana S. (1969) Sodic amphiboles and pyroxenes from fenites in East Africa. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 24 (2) 114-135 doi:10.1007/bf00376886

ⓘ Rutile

Formula: TiO₂

Localities:

Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda
Tira mine, Busia, Eastern Region, Uganda
Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

ⓘ Salammoniac

Formula: NH₄Cl

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ Schreibersite

Formula: (Fe,Ni)₃P

Locality: Soroti meteorite, Soroti, Eastern Region, Uganda

Description: Usually as skeleton crystals and as troilite rims.

References:

Buchwald, Vagn F. (1975) Handbook of Iron Meteorites - Their History, Distribution, Composition and Structure. University of California Press.

ⓘ Shortite

Formula: Na₂Ca₂(CO₃)₃

Locality: Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

Aspden, J.A. (1981) The Composition of Solid Inclusions and the Occurrence of Shortite in Apatites from the Tororo Carbonatite Complex of Eastern Uganda. Mineralogical Magazine: 44: 201-204.

ⓘ 'Smectite Group'

Formula: A_0.3D_2-3[T₄O₁₀]Z₂ · nH₂O

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ Sphalerite

Formula: ZnS

Localities:

Tira mine, Busia, Eastern Region, Uganda
Soroti meteorite, Soroti, Eastern Region, Uganda

ⓘ Stercorite

Formula: (NH₄)Na(PO₃OH) · 4H₂O

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ 'Stilbite Subgroup'

Formula: M_6-7[Al_8-9Si_27-28O₇₂] · nH₂O

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ Sylvite

Formula: KCl

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ Syngenite

Formula: K₂Ca(SO₄)₂ · H₂O

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ Taenite

Formula: (Fe,Ni)

Locality: Soroti meteorite, Soroti, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

Ramdohr, Paul (1972) The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. De Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9783112651025

Buchwald, Vagn F. (1975) Handbook of Iron Meteorites - Their History, Distribution, Composition and Structure. University of California Press.

ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca

Formula: NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ Titanite

Formula: CaTi(SiO₄)O

Localities:

Tira mine, Busia, Eastern Region, Uganda
Budeda complex, Bududa, Eastern Region, Uganda
Kericho and Sotik volcanic area, Nandi County, Kenya

ⓘ Troilite

Formula: FeS

Locality: Soroti meteorite, Soroti, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

Ramdohr, Paul (1972) The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. De Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9783112651025

Buchwald, Vagn F. (1975) Handbook of Iron Meteorites - Their History, Distribution, Composition and Structure. University of California Press.

ⓘ Trona

Formula: Na₃H(CO₃)₂ · 2H₂O

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ Tschermigite

Formula: (NH₄)Al(SO₄)₂ · 12H₂O

Locality: Kitum Cave, Mount Elgon, Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

References:

ⓘ 'UM1972-05-BiO:AlCaP'

Formula: Bi-Ca-Al-P-O

Locality: Mbale pegmatite, Mbale, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

von Knorring, O. (1972): The occurrence of bismuth minerals in some African pegmatites. Annu. Rep. Res. Inst. African Geol., Univ. Leeds: 16: 53-55

in: Fleischer, M. (1974): New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 59: 1139-1141

ⓘ Vermiculite

Formula: Mg_0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)₆(Si,Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₄ · 8H₂O

Localities:

Namekara Mine, Manafwa, Eastern Region, Uganda
Busumbu deposit, Bukusu complex, Manafwa, Eastern Region, Uganda
Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda

ⓘ Zircon

Formula: Zr(SiO₄)

Localities:

Busumbu deposit, Bukusu complex, Manafwa, Eastern Region, Uganda
Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex), Tororo, Eastern Region, Uganda

ⓘ Zoisite

Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

Locality: Tira mine, Busia, Eastern Region, Uganda

References:

Gallery:

Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄ⓘ Magnetite

Magnetite

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda

Magnetite

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda

Magnetite

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda

Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂Oⓘ Natrolite

Natrolite, etc.

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda

Natrolite, etc.

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda

Natrolite

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda

Natrolite, etc.

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda

Natrolite, etc.

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda

Natrolite

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda

Natrolite, etc.

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda

Natrolite, etc.

Sipi caves, Kween, Eastern Region, Uganda

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘ	Copper	1.AA.05	Cu
ⓘ	Gold var. Electrum	1.AA.05	(Au,Ag)
ⓘ		1.AA.05	Au
ⓘ	Iron	1.AE.05	Fe
ⓘ	var. Kamacite	1.AE.05	(Fe,Ni)
ⓘ	var. Martensite	1.AE.05	Fe
ⓘ	Taenite	1.AE.10	(Fe,Ni)
ⓘ	Schreibersite	1.BD.05	(Fe,Ni)₃P
ⓘ	Graphite	1.CB.05a	C
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Pentlandite	2.BB.15	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
ⓘ	Covellite	2.CA.05a	CuS
ⓘ	Sphalerite	2.CB.05a	ZnS
ⓘ	Chalcopyrite	2.CB.10a	CuFeS₂
ⓘ	Isocubanite	2.CB.55b	CuFe₂S₃
ⓘ	Pyrrhotite	2.CC.10	Fe_1-xS
ⓘ	Troilite	2.CC.10	FeS
ⓘ	Mackinawite	2.CC.25	FeS
ⓘ	Alabandite	2.CD.10	MnS
ⓘ	Galena	2.CD.10	PbS
ⓘ	Daubréelite	2.DA.05	Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂S₄
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
ⓘ	Djerfisherite	2.FC.05	K₆(Fe,Cu,Ni)₂₅S₂₆Cl
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘ	Halite	3.AA.20	NaCl
ⓘ	Sylvite	3.AA.20	KCl
ⓘ	Salammoniac	3.AA.25	NH₄Cl
ⓘ	Fluorite	3.AB.25	CaF₂
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Goethite	4.00.	Fe³⁺O(OH)
ⓘ	'Pyrochlore Group'	4.00.	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
ⓘ	Chromite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Jacobsite	4.BB.05	Mn²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Magnesioferrite	4.BB.05	MgFe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Hematite	4.CB.05	Fe₂O₃
ⓘ	Ilmenite	4.CB.05	Fe²⁺TiO₃
ⓘ	Bismite	4.CB.60	Bi₂O₃
ⓘ	Perovskite	4.CC.30	CaTiO₃
ⓘ	Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	Rutile	4.DB.05	TiO₂
ⓘ	Columbite-(Mn)	4.DB.35	Mn²⁺Nb₂O₆
ⓘ	Anatase	4.DD.05	TiO₂
ⓘ	Baddeleyite	4.DE.35	ZrO₂
ⓘ	Calzirtite	4.DL.10	Ca₂Zr₅Ti₂O₁₆
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Magnesite	5.AB.05	MgCO₃
ⓘ	Dolomite	5.AB.10	CaMg(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	Nyerereite	5.AC.10	Na₂Ca(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	Shortite	5.AC.25	Na₂Ca₂(CO₃)₃
ⓘ	Natron	5.CB.10	Na₂CO₃ · 10H₂O
ⓘ	Trona	5.CB.15	Na₃H(CO₃)₂ · 2H₂O
ⓘ	Nitromagnesite	5.NC.05	Mg(NO₃)₂ · 6H₂O
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘ	Aphthitalite	7.AC.35	(K,Na)₃Na(SO₄)₂
ⓘ	Anhydrite	7.AD.30	CaSO₄
ⓘ	Baryte	7.AD.35	BaSO₄
ⓘ	Hexahydrite	7.CB.25	MgSO₄ · 6H₂O
ⓘ	Epsomite	7.CB.40	MgSO₄ · 7H₂O
ⓘ	Halotrichite	7.CB.85	FeAl₂(SO₄)₄ · 22H₂O
ⓘ	Lonecreekite	7.CC.20	(NH₄)Fe³⁺(SO₄)₂ · 12H₂O
ⓘ	Tschermigite	7.CC.20	(NH₄)Al(SO₄)₂ · 12H₂O
ⓘ	Blödite	7.CC.50	Na₂Mg(SO₄)₂ · 4H₂O
ⓘ	Mohrite	7.CC.60	(NH₄)₂Fe(SO₄)₂ · 6H₂O
ⓘ	Polyhalite	7.CC.65	K₂Ca₂Mg(SO₄)₄ · 2H₂O
ⓘ	Mirabilite	7.CD.10	Na₂SO₄ · 10H₂O
ⓘ	Syngenite	7.CD.35	K₂Ca(SO₄)₂ · H₂O
ⓘ	Gypsum	7.CD.40	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘ	Buchwaldite	8.AD.25	NaCa(PO₄)
ⓘ	Crandallite	8.BL.10	CaAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
ⓘ	Gorceixite	8.BL.10	BaAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
ⓘ	Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich Fluorapatite	8.BN.05	Ca₅(PO₄,CO₃)₃(F,O)
ⓘ		8.BN.05	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
ⓘ	Stercorite	8.CJ.05	(NH₄)Na(PO₃OH) · 4H₂O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Andradite	9.AD.25	Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	var. Melanite	9.AD.25	Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	Zircon	9.AD.30	Zr(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Titanite	9.AG.15	CaTi(SiO₄)O
ⓘ	Zoisite	9.BG.10	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Augite	9.DA.15	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Aegirine-augite	9.DA.20	(Na_aCa_bFe²⁺_cMg_d)(Fe³⁺_eAl_fFe²⁺_gMg_h)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Aegirine	9.DA.25	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Richterite	9.DE.20	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Katophorite	9.DE.20	{Na}{CaNa}{Mg₄Al}[(AlSi₇)O₂₂](OH)₂
ⓘ	Arfvedsonite	9.DE.25	[Na][Na₂][Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Magnesio-arfvedsonite	9.DE.25	{Na}{Na₂}{Mg₄Fe³⁺}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Pectolite	9.DG.05	NaCa₂Si₃O₈(OH)
ⓘ	Aenigmatite	9.DH.40	Na₄[Fe²⁺₁₀Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
ⓘ	Fluorapophyllite-(K)	9.EA.15	KCa₄(Si₈O₂₀)(F,OH) · 8H₂O
ⓘ	Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)	9.EA.15	KCa₄(Si₈O₂₀)(OH,F) · 8H₂O
ⓘ	Muscovite	9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	var. Sericite	9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Phlogopite	9.EC.20	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Vermiculite	9.EC.50	Mg_0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)₆(Si,Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₄ · 8H₂O
ⓘ	Kaolinite	9.ED.05	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
ⓘ	Allophane	9.ED.20	(Al₂O₃)(SiO₂)_1.3-2 · 2.5-3H₂O
ⓘ	Nepheline	9.FA.05	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
ⓘ	Microcline	9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Orthoclase	9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Albite	9.FA.35	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	var. Oligoclase	9.FA.35	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
ⓘ	Cancrinite	9.FB.05	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
ⓘ	Gonnardite	9.GA.05	(Na,Ca)₂(Si,Al)₅O₁₀ · 3H₂O
ⓘ	Natrolite	9.GA.05	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
ⓘ	Thomsonite-Ca	9.GA.10	NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O
ⓘ	Analcime	9.GB.05	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
ⓘ	Laumontite	9.GB.10	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O
ⓘ	Harmotome	9.GC.10	Ba₂(Si₁₂Al₄)O₃₂ · 12H₂O
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Alkali Feldspar'	-
ⓘ	'Apophyllite Group'	-	AB₄[Si₈O₂₂]X · 8H₂O
ⓘ	'Biotite'	-	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
ⓘ	'Chlorite Group'	-
ⓘ	'Gmelinite Subgroup'	-
ⓘ	'Limonite'	-
ⓘ	'Monazite Group'	-	REE(PO₄)
ⓘ	'Phillipsite Subgroup'	-
ⓘ	'Stilbite Subgroup'	-	M_6-7[Al_8-9Si_27-28O₇₂] · nH₂O
ⓘ	'Leucoxene'	-
ⓘ	'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'	-
ⓘ	'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series'	-
ⓘ	'Pyroxene Group'	-	ADSi₂O₆
ⓘ	'Garnet Group'	-	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	'Plessite'	-
ⓘ	'Smectite Group'	-	A_0.3D_2-3[T₄O₁₀]Z₂ · nH₂O
ⓘ	'Apatite'	-	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
ⓘ	'Melilite Group'	-	Ca₂M(XSiO₇)
ⓘ	'Plumbopyrochlore (of Atencio et al.)'	-
ⓘ	'UM1972-05-BiO:AlCaP'	-	Bi-Ca-Al-P-O
ⓘ	'Garnet Group var. Titanium-bearing Garnet'	-	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Allophane	(Al₂O₃)(SiO₂)_1.3-2 · 2.5-3H₂O
H	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
H	ⓘ Apophyllite Group	AB₄[Si₈O₂₂]X · 8H₂O
H	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	[Na][Na₂][Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
H	ⓘ Blödite	Na₂Mg(SO₄)₂ · 4H₂O
H	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Crandallite	CaAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Epsomite	MgSO₄ · 7H₂O
H	ⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K)	KCa₄(Si₈O₂₀)(F,OH) · 8H₂O
H	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
H	ⓘ Gonnardite	(Na,Ca)₂(Si,Al)₅O₁₀ · 3H₂O
H	ⓘ Gorceixite	BaAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Halotrichite	FeAl₂(SO₄)₄ · 22H₂O
H	ⓘ Harmotome	Ba₂(Si₁₂Al₄)O₃₂ · 12H₂O
H	ⓘ Hexahydrite	MgSO₄ · 6H₂O
H	ⓘ Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)	KCa₄(Si₈O₂₀)(OH,F) · 8H₂O
H	ⓘ Kaolinite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
H	ⓘ Laumontite	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O
H	ⓘ Lonecreekite	(NH₄)Fe³⁺(SO₄)₂ · 12H₂O
H	ⓘ Magnesio-arfvedsonite	{Na}{Na₂}{Mg₄Fe³⁺}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Mirabilite	Na₂SO₄ · 10H₂O
H	ⓘ Mohrite	(NH₄)₂Fe(SO₄)₂ · 6H₂O
H	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Natron	Na₂CO₃ · 10H₂O
H	ⓘ Nitromagnesite	Mg(NO₃)₂ · 6H₂O
H	ⓘ Natrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Pectolite	NaCa₂Si₃O₈(OH)
H	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Polyhalite	K₂Ca₂Mg(SO₄)₄ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
H	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Salammoniac	NH₄Cl
H	ⓘ Stercorite	(NH₄)Na(PO₃OH) · 4H₂O
H	ⓘ Stilbite Subgroup	M_6-7[Al_8-9Si_27-28O₇₂] · nH₂O
H	ⓘ Syngenite	K₂Ca(SO₄)₂ · H₂O
H	ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca	NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O
H	ⓘ Trona	Na₃H(CO₃)₂ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Tschermigite	(NH₄)Al(SO₄)₂ · 12H₂O
H	ⓘ Vermiculite	Mg_0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)₆(Si,Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₄ · 8H₂O
H	ⓘ Zoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Katophorite	{Na}{CaNa}{Mg₄Al}[(AlSi₇)O₂₂](OH)₂
H	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Smectite Group	A_0.3D_2-3[T₄O₁₀]Z₂ · nH₂O
H	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
C	ⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄,CO₃)₃(F,O)
C	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Graphite	C
C	ⓘ Magnesite	MgCO₃
C	ⓘ Natron	Na₂CO₃ · 10H₂O
C	ⓘ Nyerereite	Na₂Ca(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Shortite	Na₂Ca₂(CO₃)₃
C	ⓘ Trona	Na₃H(CO₃)₂ · 2H₂O
N	Nitrogen
N	ⓘ Lonecreekite	(NH₄)Fe³⁺(SO₄)₂ · 12H₂O
N	ⓘ Mohrite	(NH₄)₂Fe(SO₄)₂ · 6H₂O
N	ⓘ Nitromagnesite	Mg(NO₃)₂ · 6H₂O
N	ⓘ Salammoniac	NH₄Cl
N	ⓘ Stercorite	(NH₄)Na(PO₃OH) · 4H₂O
N	ⓘ Tschermigite	(NH₄)Al(SO₄)₂ · 12H₂O
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
O	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Allophane	(Al₂O₃)(SiO₂)_1.3-2 · 2.5-3H₂O
O	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
O	ⓘ Anatase	TiO₂
O	ⓘ Andradite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Anhydrite	CaSO₄
O	ⓘ Aphthitalite	(K,Na)₃Na(SO₄)₂
O	ⓘ Apophyllite Group	AB₄[Si₈O₂₂]X · 8H₂O
O	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	[Na][Na₂][Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Baddeleyite	ZrO₂
O	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
O	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
O	ⓘ Bismite	Bi₂O₃
O	ⓘ Blödite	Na₂Mg(SO₄)₂ · 4H₂O
O	ⓘ Buchwaldite	NaCa(PO₄)
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Calzirtite	Ca₂Zr₅Ti₂O₁₆
O	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄,CO₃)₃(F,O)
O	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Crandallite	CaAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Epsomite	MgSO₄ · 7H₂O
O	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
O	ⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K)	KCa₄(Si₈O₂₀)(F,OH) · 8H₂O
O	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
O	ⓘ Gonnardite	(Na,Ca)₂(Si,Al)₅O₁₀ · 3H₂O
O	ⓘ Gorceixite	BaAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Halotrichite	FeAl₂(SO₄)₄ · 22H₂O
O	ⓘ Harmotome	Ba₂(Si₁₂Al₄)O₃₂ · 12H₂O
O	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
O	ⓘ Hexahydrite	MgSO₄ · 6H₂O
O	ⓘ Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)	KCa₄(Si₈O₂₀)(OH,F) · 8H₂O
O	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
O	ⓘ Jacobsite	Mn²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Kaolinite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
O	ⓘ Laumontite	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O
O	ⓘ Lonecreekite	(NH₄)Fe³⁺(SO₄)₂ · 12H₂O
O	ⓘ Magnesite	MgCO₃
O	ⓘ Magnesioferrite	MgFe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Columbite-(Mn)	Mn²⁺Nb₂O₆
O	ⓘ Magnesio-arfvedsonite	{Na}{Na₂}{Mg₄Fe³⁺}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Mirabilite	Na₂SO₄ · 10H₂O
O	ⓘ Mohrite	(NH₄)₂Fe(SO₄)₂ · 6H₂O
O	ⓘ Monazite Group	REE(PO₄)
O	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Natron	Na₂CO₃ · 10H₂O
O	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
O	ⓘ Nitromagnesite	Mg(NO₃)₂ · 6H₂O
O	ⓘ Nyerereite	Na₂Ca(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Natrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
O	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Pectolite	NaCa₂Si₃O₈(OH)
O	ⓘ Perovskite	CaTiO₃
O	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Polyhalite	K₂Ca₂Mg(SO₄)₄ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
O	ⓘ Shortite	Na₂Ca₂(CO₃)₃
O	ⓘ Stercorite	(NH₄)Na(PO₃OH) · 4H₂O
O	ⓘ Stilbite Subgroup	M_6-7[Al_8-9Si_27-28O₇₂] · nH₂O
O	ⓘ Syngenite	K₂Ca(SO₄)₂ · H₂O
O	ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca	NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O
O	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
O	ⓘ Trona	Na₃H(CO₃)₂ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Tschermigite	(NH₄)Al(SO₄)₂ · 12H₂O
O	ⓘ Vermiculite	Mg_0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)₆(Si,Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₄ · 8H₂O
O	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Zoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Katophorite	{Na}{CaNa}{Mg₄Al}[(AlSi₇)O₂₂](OH)₂
O	ⓘ Andradite var. Melanite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
O	ⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
O	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Garnet Group	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Smectite Group	A_0.3D_2-3[T₄O₁₀]Z₂ · nH₂O
O	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
O	ⓘ Melilite Group	Ca₂M(XSiO₇)
O	ⓘ UM1972-05-BiO:AlCaP	Bi-Ca-Al-P-O
O	ⓘ Garnet Group var. Titanium-bearing Garnet	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
F	ⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄,CO₃)₃(F,O)
F	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
F	ⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K)	KCa₄(Si₈O₂₀)(F,OH) · 8H₂O
F	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
F	ⓘ Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)	KCa₄(Si₈O₂₀)(OH,F) · 8H₂O
F	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Na	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Na	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Na	ⓘ Aphthitalite	(K,Na)₃Na(SO₄)₂
Na	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	[Na][Na₂][Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Blödite	Na₂Mg(SO₄)₂ · 4H₂O
Na	ⓘ Buchwaldite	NaCa(PO₄)
Na	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
Na	ⓘ Gonnardite	(Na,Ca)₂(Si,Al)₅O₁₀ · 3H₂O
Na	ⓘ Halite	NaCl
Na	ⓘ Magnesio-arfvedsonite	{Na}{Na₂}{Mg₄Fe³⁺}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Mirabilite	Na₂SO₄ · 10H₂O
Na	ⓘ Natron	Na₂CO₃ · 10H₂O
Na	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Na	ⓘ Nyerereite	Na₂Ca(CO₃)₂
Na	ⓘ Natrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
Na	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Na	ⓘ Pectolite	NaCa₂Si₃O₈(OH)
Na	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Shortite	Na₂Ca₂(CO₃)₃
Na	ⓘ Stercorite	(NH₄)Na(PO₃OH) · 4H₂O
Na	ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca	NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O
Na	ⓘ Trona	Na₃H(CO₃)₂ · 2H₂O
Na	ⓘ Katophorite	{Na}{CaNa}{Mg₄Al}[(AlSi₇)O₂₂](OH)₂
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Mg	ⓘ Blödite	Na₂Mg(SO₄)₂ · 4H₂O
Mg	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Mg	ⓘ Epsomite	MgSO₄ · 7H₂O
Mg	ⓘ Hexahydrite	MgSO₄ · 6H₂O
Mg	ⓘ Magnesite	MgCO₃
Mg	ⓘ Magnesioferrite	MgFe₂³⁺O₄
Mg	ⓘ Magnesio-arfvedsonite	{Na}{Na₂}{Mg₄Fe³⁺}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Nitromagnesite	Mg(NO₃)₂ · 6H₂O
Mg	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Polyhalite	K₂Ca₂Mg(SO₄)₄ · 2H₂O
Mg	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Vermiculite	Mg_0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)₆(Si,Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₄ · 8H₂O
Mg	ⓘ Katophorite	{Na}{CaNa}{Mg₄Al}[(AlSi₇)O₂₂](OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Al	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Allophane	(Al₂O₃)(SiO₂)_1.3-2 · 2.5-3H₂O
Al	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Al	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Al	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
Al	ⓘ Crandallite	CaAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
Al	ⓘ Gonnardite	(Na,Ca)₂(Si,Al)₅O₁₀ · 3H₂O
Al	ⓘ Gorceixite	BaAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
Al	ⓘ Halotrichite	FeAl₂(SO₄)₄ · 22H₂O
Al	ⓘ Harmotome	Ba₂(Si₁₂Al₄)O₃₂ · 12H₂O
Al	ⓘ Kaolinite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Al	ⓘ Laumontite	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O
Al	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Al	ⓘ Natrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
Al	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Al	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Stilbite Subgroup	M_6-7[Al_8-9Si_27-28O₇₂] · nH₂O
Al	ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca	NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O
Al	ⓘ Tschermigite	(NH₄)Al(SO₄)₂ · 12H₂O
Al	ⓘ Vermiculite	Mg_0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)₆(Si,Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₄ · 8H₂O
Al	ⓘ Zoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Katophorite	{Na}{CaNa}{Mg₄Al}[(AlSi₇)O₂₂](OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ UM1972-05-BiO:AlCaP	Bi-Ca-Al-P-O
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Si	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Allophane	(Al₂O₃)(SiO₂)_1.3-2 · 2.5-3H₂O
Si	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Si	ⓘ Andradite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Apophyllite Group	AB₄[Si₈O₂₂]X · 8H₂O
Si	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	[Na][Na₂][Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Si	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
Si	ⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K)	KCa₄(Si₈O₂₀)(F,OH) · 8H₂O
Si	ⓘ Gonnardite	(Na,Ca)₂(Si,Al)₅O₁₀ · 3H₂O
Si	ⓘ Harmotome	Ba₂(Si₁₂Al₄)O₃₂ · 12H₂O
Si	ⓘ Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)	KCa₄(Si₈O₂₀)(OH,F) · 8H₂O
Si	ⓘ Kaolinite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Si	ⓘ Laumontite	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O
Si	ⓘ Magnesio-arfvedsonite	{Na}{Na₂}{Mg₄Fe³⁺}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Si	ⓘ Natrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
Si	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Si	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Pectolite	NaCa₂Si₃O₈(OH)
Si	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Stilbite Subgroup	M_6-7[Al_8-9Si_27-28O₇₂] · nH₂O
Si	ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca	NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O
Si	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Si	ⓘ Vermiculite	Mg_0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)₆(Si,Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₄ · 8H₂O
Si	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Zoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Katophorite	{Na}{CaNa}{Mg₄Al}[(AlSi₇)O₂₂](OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Andradite var. Melanite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Si	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Garnet Group	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Melilite Group	Ca₂M(XSiO₇)
Si	ⓘ Garnet Group var. Titanium-bearing Garnet	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Buchwaldite	NaCa(PO₄)
P	ⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄,CO₃)₃(F,O)
P	ⓘ Crandallite	CaAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
P	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
P	ⓘ Gorceixite	BaAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
P	ⓘ Monazite Group	REE(PO₄)
P	ⓘ Schreibersite	(Fe,Ni)₃P
P	ⓘ Stercorite	(NH₄)Na(PO₃OH) · 4H₂O
P	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
P	ⓘ UM1972-05-BiO:AlCaP	Bi-Ca-Al-P-O
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Alabandite	MnS
S	ⓘ Anhydrite	CaSO₄
S	ⓘ Aphthitalite	(K,Na)₃Na(SO₄)₂
S	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
S	ⓘ Blödite	Na₂Mg(SO₄)₂ · 4H₂O
S	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
S	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
S	ⓘ Covellite	CuS
S	ⓘ Daubréelite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺S₄
S	ⓘ Djerfisherite	K₆(Fe,Cu,Ni)₂₅S₂₆Cl
S	ⓘ Epsomite	MgSO₄ · 7H₂O
S	ⓘ Galena	PbS
S	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
S	ⓘ Halotrichite	FeAl₂(SO₄)₄ · 22H₂O
S	ⓘ Hexahydrite	MgSO₄ · 6H₂O
S	ⓘ Isocubanite	CuFe₂S₃
S	ⓘ Lonecreekite	(NH₄)Fe³⁺(SO₄)₂ · 12H₂O
S	ⓘ Mackinawite	FeS
S	ⓘ Mirabilite	Na₂SO₄ · 10H₂O
S	ⓘ Mohrite	(NH₄)₂Fe(SO₄)₂ · 6H₂O
S	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
S	ⓘ Polyhalite	K₂Ca₂Mg(SO₄)₄ · 2H₂O
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
S	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
S	ⓘ Syngenite	K₂Ca(SO₄)₂ · H₂O
S	ⓘ Troilite	FeS
S	ⓘ Tschermigite	(NH₄)Al(SO₄)₂ · 12H₂O
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Djerfisherite	K₆(Fe,Cu,Ni)₂₅S₂₆Cl
Cl	ⓘ Halite	NaCl
Cl	ⓘ Salammoniac	NH₄Cl
Cl	ⓘ Sylvite	KCl
Cl	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Aphthitalite	(K,Na)₃Na(SO₄)₂
K	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
K	ⓘ Djerfisherite	K₆(Fe,Cu,Ni)₂₅S₂₆Cl
K	ⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K)	KCa₄(Si₈O₂₀)(F,OH) · 8H₂O
K	ⓘ Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)	KCa₄(Si₈O₂₀)(OH,F) · 8H₂O
K	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
K	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
K	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
K	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Polyhalite	K₂Ca₂Mg(SO₄)₄ · 2H₂O
K	ⓘ Sylvite	KCl
K	ⓘ Syngenite	K₂Ca(SO₄)₂ · H₂O
K	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Andradite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Ca	ⓘ Anhydrite	CaSO₄
Ca	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Buchwaldite	NaCa(PO₄)
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Calzirtite	Ca₂Zr₅Ti₂O₁₆
Ca	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄,CO₃)₃(F,O)
Ca	ⓘ Crandallite	CaAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
Ca	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
Ca	ⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K)	KCa₄(Si₈O₂₀)(F,OH) · 8H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
Ca	ⓘ Gonnardite	(Na,Ca)₂(Si,Al)₅O₁₀ · 3H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)	KCa₄(Si₈O₂₀)(OH,F) · 8H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Laumontite	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Nyerereite	Na₂Ca(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Ca	ⓘ Pectolite	NaCa₂Si₃O₈(OH)
Ca	ⓘ Perovskite	CaTiO₃
Ca	ⓘ Polyhalite	K₂Ca₂Mg(SO₄)₄ · 2H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Shortite	Na₂Ca₂(CO₃)₃
Ca	ⓘ Syngenite	K₂Ca(SO₄)₂ · H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca	NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Ca	ⓘ Zoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ca	ⓘ Katophorite	{Na}{CaNa}{Mg₄Al}[(AlSi₇)O₂₂](OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Andradite var. Melanite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Ca	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Ca	ⓘ Melilite Group	Ca₂M(XSiO₇)
Ca	ⓘ UM1972-05-BiO:AlCaP	Bi-Ca-Al-P-O
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Ti	ⓘ Anatase	TiO₂
Ti	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Ti	ⓘ Calzirtite	Ca₂Zr₅Ti₂O₁₆
Ti	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Ti	ⓘ Perovskite	CaTiO₃
Ti	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
Ti	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Cr	Chromium
Cr	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
Cr	ⓘ Daubréelite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺S₄
Mn	Manganese
Mn	ⓘ Alabandite	MnS
Mn	ⓘ Jacobsite	Mn²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Mn	ⓘ Columbite-(Mn)	Mn²⁺Nb₂O₆
Mn	ⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Fe	ⓘ Andradite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Fe	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	[Na][Na₂][Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Fe	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Daubréelite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺S₄
Fe	ⓘ Djerfisherite	K₆(Fe,Cu,Ni)₂₅S₂₆Cl
Fe	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
Fe	ⓘ Halotrichite	FeAl₂(SO₄)₄ · 22H₂O
Fe	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
Fe	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Fe	ⓘ Iron	Fe
Fe	ⓘ Isocubanite	CuFe₂S₃
Fe	ⓘ Jacobsite	Mn²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Iron var. Kamacite	(Fe,Ni)
Fe	ⓘ Lonecreekite	(NH₄)Fe³⁺(SO₄)₂ · 12H₂O
Fe	ⓘ Magnesioferrite	MgFe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Mackinawite	FeS
Fe	ⓘ Magnesio-arfvedsonite	{Na}{Na₂}{Mg₄Fe³⁺}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Mohrite	(NH₄)₂Fe(SO₄)₂ · 6H₂O
Fe	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
Fe	ⓘ Schreibersite	(Fe,Ni)₃P
Fe	ⓘ Taenite	(Fe,Ni)
Fe	ⓘ Troilite	FeS
Fe	ⓘ Vermiculite	Mg_0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)₆(Si,Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₄ · 8H₂O
Fe	ⓘ Andradite var. Melanite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Fe	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Fe	ⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
Fe	ⓘ Iron var. Martensite	Fe
Ni	Nickel
Ni	ⓘ Djerfisherite	K₆(Fe,Cu,Ni)₂₅S₂₆Cl
Ni	ⓘ Iron var. Kamacite	(Fe,Ni)
Ni	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
Ni	ⓘ Schreibersite	(Fe,Ni)₃P
Ni	ⓘ Taenite	(Fe,Ni)
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Cu	ⓘ Covellite	CuS
Cu	ⓘ Copper	Cu
Cu	ⓘ Djerfisherite	K₆(Fe,Cu,Ni)₂₅S₂₆Cl
Cu	ⓘ Isocubanite	CuFe₂S₃
Zn	Zinc
Zn	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
Zr	Zirconium
Zr	ⓘ Baddeleyite	ZrO₂
Zr	ⓘ Calzirtite	Ca₂Zr₅Ti₂O₁₆
Zr	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Nb	Niobium
Nb	ⓘ Columbite-(Mn)	Mn²⁺Nb₂O₆
Nb	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
Nb	ⓘ Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series
Ag	Silver
Ag	ⓘ Gold var. Electrum	(Au,Ag)
Ba	Barium
Ba	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
Ba	ⓘ Gorceixite	BaAl₃(PO₄)(PO₃OH)(OH)₆
Ba	ⓘ Harmotome	Ba₂(Si₁₂Al₄)O₃₂ · 12H₂O
Au	Gold
Au	ⓘ Gold var. Electrum	(Au,Ag)
Au	ⓘ Gold	Au
Pb	Lead
Pb	ⓘ Galena	PbS
Bi	Bismuth
Bi	ⓘ Bismite	Bi₂O₃
Bi	ⓘ UM1972-05-BiO:AlCaP	Bi-Ca-Al-P-O

Geochronology

Mineralization age: Miocene : 19.9 Ma to 5.5 Ma

Important note: This table is based only on rock and mineral ages recorded on mindat.org for this locality and is not necessarily a complete representation of the geochronology, but does give an indication of possible mineralization events relevant to this locality. As more age information is added this table may expand in the future. A break in the table simply indicates a lack of data entered here, not necessarily a break in the geologic sequence. Grey background entries are from different, related, localities.

Geologic Time

Rocks, Minerals and Events

ⓘ Biotite (youngest age)	5.5 Ma	Tinderet volcano, Nandi County, Kenya
ⓘ Biotite (oldest age)	19.9 Ma	Tinderet volcano, Nandi County, Kenya

Fossils

There are 15 fossil localities from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.

These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.

Occurrences

399

Youngest Fossil Listed

0.01 Ma (Pleistocene)

Oldest Fossil Listed

28.1 Ma (Oligocene)

Stratigraphic Units

Unit	No. Occurrences	Age
Maboko	214	13.82 - 11.62 Ma (Miocene)
Redbeds	22	20.44 - 15.97 Ma (Miocene)
Iriri	12	23.03 - 15.97 Ma (Miocene)
Chamtwara	3	23.03 - 15.97 Ma (Miocene)
Muhroni Agglomerates	19	28.1 - 23.03 Ma (Cenozoic)

Fossils from Region

Click here to show the list.

Accepted Name	Hierarchy	Age
Gastropoda class	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda	28.1 - 23.03 Ma Cenozoic
Tropidophora (Ligatella) subgenus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pomatiidae : Tropidophora : *Tropidophora (Ligatella)*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Myriapoda class	Animalia : Arthropoda : Myriapoda	20.44 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Osteichthyes unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Amphibia class	Animalia : Chordata : Amphibia	15.97 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Reptilia class	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia	15.97 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Crocodylia unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Aves class	Animalia : Chordata : Aves	28.1 - 11.62 Ma Cenozoic
Carnivora order	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora	28.1 - 15.97 Ma Cenozoic
Pelomedusidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Pelomedusidae	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Podocnemis genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Podocnemididae : *Podocnemis*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Trionychidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Trionyx genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae : *Trionyx*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Amphisbaenidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Amphisbaenidae	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Varanidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Varanidae	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Varanus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Varanidae : *Varanus*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Crocodylidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae	15.97 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Crocodylus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : *Crocodylus*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Phasianidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Galliformes : Phasianidae	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Otus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Strigiformes : Strigidae : *Otus*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Bucerotidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Bucerotiformes : Bucerotidae	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Gruidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Gruiformes : Gruidae	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Ardeidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Pelecaniformes : Ardeidae	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Burhinidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Burhinidae	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Otididae family	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Otidiformes : Otididae	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Ciconiiformes order	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Ciconiiformes	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Rhynchocyon genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Macroscelidea : Macroscelididae : *Rhynchocyon*	28.1 - 23.03 Ma Cenozoic
Galeopithecidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Galeopithecidae	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Insectivora order	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Insectivora	28.1 - 23.03 Ma Cenozoic
Erinaceidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Erinaceomorpha : Erinaceidae	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Amphechinus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Erinaceomorpha : Erinaceidae : *Amphechinus*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Lorisidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Lorisidae	15.97 - 13.82 Ma Miocene
Komba genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Lorisidae : *Komba*	15.97 - 13.82 Ma Miocene
Progalago genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Lorisidae : *Progalago*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Cercopithecoidea superfamily	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecoidea	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Cercopithecidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Victoriapithecus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : *Victoriapithecus*	15.97 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Dryopithecus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : *Dryopithecus*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Proconsul genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Proconsulidae : *Proconsul*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Sivapithecus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Pongidae : *Sivapithecus*	15.97 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Creodonta order	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Creodonta	28.1 - 11.62 Ma Cenozoic
Hyaenodon genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : *Hyaenodon*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Leakitherium genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : *Leakitherium*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Teratodon genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : *Teratodon*	28.1 - 23.03 Ma Cenozoic
Afrocyon genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : *Afrocyon*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Rodentia order	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia	28.1 - 15.97 Ma Cenozoic
Vulcanisciurus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae : *Vulcanisciurus*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Afrocricetodon genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : *Afrocricetodon*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Notocricetodon genus	Cricetodontidae : *Notocricetodon*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Pedetidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Pedetidae	28.1 - 11.62 Ma Cenozoic
Megapedetes genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Pedetidae : *Megapedetes*	28.1 - 11.62 Ma Cenozoic
Paranomalurus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Anomaluridae : *Paranomalurus*	28.1 - 15.97 Ma Cenozoic
Zenkerella genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Anomaluridae : *Zenkerella*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Bathyergidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Bathyergidae	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Bathyergoides genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Bathyergoididae : *Bathyergoides*	28.1 - 15.97 Ma Cenozoic
Phiomyidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Phiomyidae	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Paraphiomys genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Thryonomyidae : *Paraphiomys*	28.1 - 15.97 Ma Cenozoic
Diamantomys genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Diamantomyidae : *Diamantomys*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Simonimys genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Kenyamyidae : *Simonimys*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Elmerimys genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Myophiomyidae : *Elmerimys*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Ochotonidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Ochotonidae	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Suidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Kubanochoerus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : *Kubanochoerus*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Lopholistriodon genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : *Lopholistriodon*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Tayassuidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tayassuidae	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Anthracotheriidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Anthracotheriidae	28.1 - 15.97 Ma Cenozoic
Tragulidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tragulidae	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Palaeomeryx genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Palaeomerycidae : *Palaeomeryx*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Giraffidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Palaeotragus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : *Palaeotragus*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Bovidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Eotragus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Eotragus*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Gazella genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Gazella*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Chalicotheriidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Chalicotheriidae	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Chalicotherium genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Chalicotheriidae : *Chalicotherium*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Rhinocerotidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae	23.03 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Brachypotherium genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : *Brachypotherium*	20 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Chilotherium genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : *Chilotherium*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Dicerorhinus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : *Dicerorhinus*	23.03 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Proboscidea order	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea	28.1 - 15.97 Ma Cenozoic
Gomphotheriidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Choerolophodon genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : *Choerolophodon*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Deinotherium genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Deinotheriidae : *Deinotherium*	20 - 16.9 Ma Miocene
Megalohyrax genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : *Megalohyrax*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Meroehyrax genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : *Meroehyrax*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Orycteropus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Tubulidentata : Orycteropodidae : *Orycteropus*	28.1 - 11.62 Ma Cenozoic
Poaceae family	Plantae : Tracheophyta : Liliopsida : Poales : Poaceae	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Ophidia suborder	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Ophidia	20.44 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Testudines order	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Unionidae family	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Unionida : Unionidae	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Viviparidae family	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Viviparidae	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Pythonidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Pythonidae	15.97 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Lepidoptera order	Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Lepidoptera	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Subulinidae family	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Stylommatophora : Subulinidae	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Protopterus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Ceratodontiformes : Lepidosirenidae : *Protopterus*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Zygolophodon genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Mammutidae : *Zygolophodon*	28.1 - 23.03 Ma Cenozoic
Hyainailouros napakensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyainailouros : *Hyainailouros napakensis*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Buhakia genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Teratodontidae : *Buhakia*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Metapterodon stromeri species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Pterodon : *Metapterodon stromeri*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Isohyaenodon pilgrimi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Hyaenodon : *Isohyaenodon pilgrimi*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Insectivora superorder	Insectivora	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Equatorius africanus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Equatorius : *Equatorius africanus*	15.97 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Kenyapithecus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : *Kenyapithecus*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Ougandatherium napakense species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Ougandatherium : *Ougandatherium napakense*	20 - 16.9 Ma Miocene
Prodeinotherium hobleyi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Deinotheriidae : Prodeinotherium : *Prodeinotherium hobleyi*	23.03 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Libycochoerus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : *Libycochoerus*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Megalochoerus khinzikebirus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Megalochoerus : *Megalochoerus khinzikebirus*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Lopholistriodon moruoroti species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Lopholistriodon : *Lopholistriodon moruoroti*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Diamantohyus africanus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Palaeochoeridae : Sanitherium : *Diamantohyus africanus*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Chilotheridium pattersoni species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Chilotheridium : *Chilotheridium pattersoni*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Kulutherium kenyensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Kulutherium : *Kulutherium kenyensis*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Kenyalagomys genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Ochotonidae : *Kenyalagomys*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Maizania genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Maizaniidae : *Maizania*	28.1 - 11.62 Ma Cenozoic
Pelusios genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Pelomedusidae : *Pelusios*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Masritherium aequatorialis species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Anthracotheriidae : Masritherium : *Masritherium aequatorialis*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Nguruwe kijivium species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Nguruwe : *Nguruwe kijivium*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Canthumeryx sirtensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Canthumeryx : *Canthumeryx sirtensis*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Dorcatherium pigotti species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tragulidae : Dorcatherium : *Dorcatherium pigotti*	20.44 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Afrotragulus parvus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tragulidae : Afrotragulus : *Afrotragulus parvus*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Kenyapithecus wickeri species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Kenyapithecus : *Kenyapithecus wickeri*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Victoriapithecus macinnesi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Victoriapithecus : *Victoriapithecus macinnesi*	15.97 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Micropithecus clarki species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Micropithecus : *Micropithecus clarki*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Lomorupithecus harrisoni species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Lomorupithecus : *Lomorupithecus harrisoni*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Micropithecus leakeyorum species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Micropithecus : *Micropithecus leakeyorum*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Kalepithecus songhorensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Kalepithecus : *Kalepithecus songhorensis*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Afrohyrax championi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Titanohyracidae : Afrohyrax : *Afrohyrax championi*	23.03 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Brachyhyrax aequatorialis species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : Brachyhyrax : *Brachyhyrax aequatorialis*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Kobus ellipsiprymnus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Kobus : *Kobus ellipsiprymnus*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Proconsul meswae species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Proconsulidae : Proconsul : *Proconsul meswae*	28.1 - 23.03 Ma Cenozoic
Proconsul major species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Proconsulidae : Proconsul : *Proconsul major*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Orycteropus minutus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Tubulidentata : Orycteropodidae : Orycteropus : *Orycteropus minutus*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Cichlidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Cichliformes : Cichlidae	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Climacoceras africanus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Palaeomerycidae : Climacoceras : *Climacoceras africanus*	15.97 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Sivameryx genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Anthracotheriidae : *Sivameryx*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Geochelone crassa species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : Geochelone : *Geochelone crassa*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Kinixys erosa species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : Kinixys : *Kinixys erosa*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Potamidae family	Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Potamidae	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Alestidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Characiformes : Alestidae	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Kelba quadeemae species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Odobenidae : Kelba : *Kelba quadeemae*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Teratodon spekei species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Teratodon : *Teratodon spekei*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Teratodon enigmae species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Teratodon : *Teratodon enigmae*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Anasinopa leakeyi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Anasinopa : *Anasinopa leakeyi*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Metasinopa napaki species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Metasinopa : *Metasinopa napaki*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Dissopsalis pyroclasticus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Dissopsalis : *Dissopsalis pyroclasticus*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Hyaenodon (Isohyaenodon) subgenus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodonta : Hyaenodontidae : Hyaenodon : *Hyaenodon (Isohyaenodon)*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Hyaenodon (Isohyaenodon) andrewsi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodonta : Hyaenodontidae : Hyaenodon : *Hyaenodon (Isohyaenodon) andrewsi*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Hyaenodon (Isohyaenodon) pilgrimi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodonta : Hyaenodontidae : Hyaenodon : *Hyaenodon (Isohyaenodon) pilgrimi*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Hecubides euryodon species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : Cynelos : *Hecubides euryodon*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Kichechia zamanae species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Kichechia : *Kichechia zamanae*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Pseudaelurus africanus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Pseudaelurus : *Pseudaelurus africanus*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Ugandictis napakensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae : Ugandictis : *Ugandictis napakensis*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Ginsburgsmilus napakensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Barbourofelidae : Ginsburgsmilus : *Ginsburgsmilus napakensis*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Prionogale breviceps species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Prionogalidae : Prionogale : *Prionogale breviceps*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Lavocatomys aequatorialis species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Lavocatomys : *Lavocatomys aequatorialis*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Opeas genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Stylommatophora : Achatinidae : *Opeas*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Limicolaria genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Stylommatophora : Achatinidae : *Limicolaria*	20.44 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Achatina genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Stylommatophora : Achatinidae : *Achatina*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Cerastus genus	*Cerastus*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Trochozonites genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Stylommatophora : Urocyclidae : *Trochozonites*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Heterocypris genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Cyprididae : *Heterocypris*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Africanictis schmidtkittleri species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Africanictis : *Africanictis schmidtkittleri*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Cycloderma victoriae species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae : Cycloderma : *Cycloderma victoriae*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Myohyrax oswaldi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Macroscelidea : Macroscelididae : Myohyrax : *Myohyrax oswaldi*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Paraphiomys pigotti species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Thryonomyidae : Paraphiomys : *Paraphiomys pigotti*	23.03 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Dorcatherium chappuisi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tragulidae : Dorcatherium : *Dorcatherium chappuisi*	15.97 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Dorcatherium songhorensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tragulidae : Dorcatherium : *Dorcatherium songhorensis*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Sectisodon occultus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Sectisodon : *Sectisodon occultus*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Pseudocrenilabrinae subfamily	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Cichliformes : Cichlidae : Pseudocrenilabrinae	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Ugandamys downsi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Phiomyidae : Ugandamys : *Ugandamys downsi*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Melierax metabates species	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae : Melierax : *Melierax metabates*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Listriodon akatikubas species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Listriodon : *Listriodon akatikubas*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Walangania africanus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hoplitomerycidae : Walangania : *Walangania africanus*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Pila ovata species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullariidae : Pila : *Pila ovata*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Melanoides tuberculata species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Thiaridae : Melanoides : *Melanoides tuberculata*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Protanancus macinnesi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Amebelodontidae : Protanancus : *Protanancus macinnesi*	13.82 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Nyanzapithecus pickfordi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Parapithecidae : Nyanzapithecus : *Nyanzapithecus pickfordi*	15.97 - 11.62 Ma Miocene
Limnopithecus evansi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Limnopithecus : *Limnopithecus evansi*	20.44 - 15.97 Ma Miocene
Limnopithecus legetet species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Limnopithecus : *Limnopithecus legetet*	20.44 - 11.62 Ma Miocene

Fossil Localities

Click to show 15 fossil localities

Kenya

Kakamega County
- Miocene🐚 Kaloma
- Miocene🐚 Maboko Island - surface
- Miocene🐚 Majiwa
Kisumu County
- Miocene🐚 Chamtwara
- Miocene🐚 Kaloma
- Miocene🐚 Koru
- Cenozoic🐚 Meswa Bridge locality 36

Kenya

Kisumu County
- Miocene🐚 Songhor
Nandi County
- Miocene🐚 Songhor
- Pleistocene🐚 Songhor MSA-Excav

Uganda

Eastern Region
- Miocene🐚 Bukwa II
- Miocene🐚 Napak I Rhino Site
- Busia
  - Miocene🐚 Mfwanganu Island
- Tororo
  - Miocene🐚 Karungu
Northern Region
- Moroto
  - Miocene🐚 Napak

Localities in this Region

Kenya

Baringo County
- Londiani Volcano
Kakamega County
- Kavirondo
  - Kakamega Goldfield
    - Kakamega-Kisumu Mine
- Kimingini Mine
Nandi County
- Kericho and Sotik volcanic area
- Tinderet volcano
Trans-Nzoia County
- Mount Elgon
⭔Western Province

Uganda

Central Region
- Kiboga
  - Kbale
Eastern Region
- Bududa
  - Budeda complex
- Busia
  - Amonikakinei mine

Uganda

Eastern Region
- Busia
- Kapchorwa
  - Sipi Falls
  - Tutum Cave
- Kween
  - Sipi caves
- Manafwa
- Mbale
  - Mbale meteorite
  - Mbale pegmatite
- Soroti
  - Soroti meteorite
- Tororo
  - Sukulu complex (Sekululu complex)
  - Tororo complex

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

AfricaContinent

East African Rift System (EARS)Zone (Tectonic)
Mount ElgonMountain

African Plate

North-Central Gregory Rift basinBasin

Kenya

Nandi County
- Kericho and Sotik volcanic areaVolcanic Field

Somali PlateTectonic Plate

Tanzania

Geita Region
- Lake Victoria GoldfieldMining Field

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

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Detailed Mineral List:

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

List of minerals for each chemical element

Geochronology

Fossils

Localities in this Region

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

Uganda Craton, Congo Craton, African Plate i
Regional Level Types
Uganda Craton Craton
Congo Craton - not defined -
African Plate Tectonic Plate