Matzko, John J.; Evans, Howard T. Jr.; Mrose, Mary E.; Aruscavage, Philip (1985) Abhurite, a new tin hydroxychloride mineral, and a comparative study with basic tin chloride. The Canadian Mineralogist, 23 (2). 233-240

ⓘ Actinolite

Formula: ◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂

Locality: Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Qadi, Talal Moustafa (2007) Mineralogy of copper deposits and ancient slags at the vicinity of Jabal Samran arc metavolcanics, Western Central Saudi Arabia. Delta Journal of Science, 31 (1). p.146-173.

ⓘ Aegirine

Formula: NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆

Localities:

Harrat Kishb Volcanic Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Kawr Granite Intrusion, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Aegirine-augite

Formula: (Na_aCa_bFe²⁺_cMg_d)(Fe³⁺_eAl_fFe²⁺_gMg_h)Si₂O₆

Localities:

Harrat Kishb Volcanic Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Harrat Rahat Lava Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Albite

Formula: Na(AlSi₃O₈)

Localities:

Bi'r Tawilah Au prospect, Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Al-Madhiq area, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Wadi Al Qamra Granite, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Harrat Rahat Lava Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Albite var. Andesine

Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]

Locality: Harrat Rahat Lava Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Camp, V. E., & Roobol, M. J. (1989). The Arabian continental alkali basalt province: Part I. Evolution of Harrat Rahat, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 101(1), 71-95.

Camp, V. E., & Roobol, M. J. (1991). Geological Map of Cenozoic Lava Field of Harrat Rahat. Saudi Arabian Deputy Ministry for mineral Resources, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Geosciences Map GM-123, scale, 1(250,000).

Moufti, M. R., Moghazi, A. M., & Ali, K. A. (2013). 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of the Neogene-Quaternary Harrat Al-Madinah intercontinental volcanic field, Saudi Arabia: implications for duration and migration of volcanic activity. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 62, 253-268.

ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase

Formula: (Na,K)AlSi₃O₈

Locality: Harrat Kishb Volcanic Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

MCGUIRE, A. V. (1988) Petrology of Mantle Xenoliths from Harrat al Kishb: The Mantle beneath Western Saudi Arabia. Journal of Petrology, 29 (1) 73-92 doi:10.1093/petrology/29.1.73

Roobol, M. J., & Camp, V. E. (1991). Geologic map of the Cenozoic lava field of Harrat Kishb. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 1:250000, Geoscience Map GM-132 (with explanatory text). Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources, Directorate General of Mineral Resource of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Jeddah.

Camp, V. E., Roobol, M. J., & Hooper, P. R. (1992). The Arabian continental alkali basalt province: Part III. Evolution of Harrat Kishb, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 104(4), 379-396.

ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase-Albite

Formula: Na(AlSi₃O₈)

Locality: Al-Madhiq area, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Ahmed, Zulfiqar; Hariri, Mustafa M. (2006) Formation and mineral chemistry of a calcic skarn from Al-Madhiq, SW Saudi Arabia. Chemie der Erde, 66 (3). 187-201 doi:10.1016/j.chemer.2004.10.001

ⓘ 'Alkali Feldspar'

Localities:

Harrat Rahat Lava Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Kawr Granite Intrusion, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'

Formula: AB₂C₅(T₈O₂₂)W₂

Localities:

Jabal Taweel Intrusion, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Harrat Kishb Volcanic Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Harrat Rahat Lava Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Kawr Granite Intrusion, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Analcime

Formula: Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O

Locality: Harrat Rahat Lava Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ Anhydrite

Formula: CaSO₄

Locality: Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Saudi Geological Survey Open-File Report SGS-OF-2004-12, 68 p.

Forti, P., Galli, E., Rossi, A., Pint, J., & Pint, S. (2004). Ghar Al Hibashi lava tube: the richest site in Saudi Arabia for cave minerals. Acta carsologica, 33(2).

ⓘ Anorthite

Formula: Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)

Locality: Harrat Rahat Lava Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite

Formula: (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si₂O₈]

Locality: Harrat Rahat Lava Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ 'Apatite'

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃A

Localities:

Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Harrat Kishb Volcanic Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Wadi Al Qamra Granite, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Harrat Rahat Lava Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Kawr Granite Intrusion, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ 'Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite'

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)

Locality: Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Forti, P., Galli, E., Rossi, A., Pint, J., & Pint, S. (2004). Ghar Al Hibashi lava tube: the richest site in Saudi Arabia for cave minerals. Acta carsologica, 33(2).

ⓘ Aphthitalite

Formula: K₃Na(SO₄)₂

Locality: Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Saudi Geological Survey Open-File Report SGS-OF-2004-12, 68 p.

Forti, P., Galli, E., Rossi, A., Pint, J., & Pint, S. (2004). Ghar Al Hibashi lava tube: the richest site in Saudi Arabia for cave minerals. Acta carsologica, 33(2).

ⓘ Aragonite

Formula: CaCO₃

Locality: Sharm Abhur Cove, Jiddah (Jeddah), Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ Arcanite

Formula: K₂SO₄

Locality: Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Saudi Geological Survey Open-File Report SGS-OF-2004-12, 68 p.

Forti, P., Galli, E., Rossi, A., Pint, J., & Pint, S. (2004). Ghar Al Hibashi lava tube: the richest site in Saudi Arabia for cave minerals. Acta carsologica, 33(2).

ⓘ Archerite

Formula: (K,NH₄)(H₂PO₄)

Locality: Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Saudi Geological Survey Open-File Report SGS-OF-2004-12, 68 p.

Forti, P., Galli, E., Rossi, A., Pint, J., & Pint, S. (2004). Ghar Al Hibashi lava tube: the richest site in Saudi Arabia for cave minerals. Acta carsologica, 33(2).

ⓘ Arfvedsonite

Formula: NaNa₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂

Locality: Kawr Granite Intrusion, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Al-Muallem, M.S. & Smith, J.W. 1987. Geologic Map of the Ar Rawdah Quadrangle, Sheet 21F, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 1:250000 Geoscience Map GM-85C (and Explanatory Notes). Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources, Deputy Ministry of Mineral Resources of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Jeddah.

Stoeser, D. B. (1986). Distribution and tectonic setting of plutonic rocks of the Arabian Shield. Journal of African Earth Sciences (1983), 4, 21-46.

ⓘ Argentopyrite

Formula: AgFe₂S₃

Locality: Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ 'Arnhemite'

Formula: (K,Na)₄Mg₂(P₂O₇)₂ · 5H₂O

Locality: Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Saudi Geological Survey Open-File Report SGS-OF-2004-12, 68 p.

Forti, P., Galli, E., Rossi, A., Pint, J., & Pint, S. (2004). Ghar Al Hibashi lava tube: the richest site in Saudi Arabia for cave minerals. Acta carsologica, 33(2).

ⓘ Arsenopyrite

Formula: FeAsS

Localities:

Bi'r Tawilah Au prospect, Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Augite

Formula: (Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆

Localities:

Al Wahbah Crater, Harrat Kishb Volcanic Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Harrat Rahat Lava Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite

Formula: (Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)₂O₆

Locality: Harrat Rahat Lava Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ Baryte

Formula: BaSO₄

Localities:

Rabigh, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ 'Biotite'

Formula: K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂

Localities:

Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Kawr Granite Intrusion, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Biphosphammite

Formula: NH₄(H₂PO₄)

Locality: Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Saudi Geological Survey Open-File Report SGS-OF-2004-12, 68 p.

Forti, P., Galli, E., Rossi, A., Pint, J., & Pint, S. (2004). Ghar Al Hibashi lava tube: the richest site in Saudi Arabia for cave minerals. Acta carsologica, 33(2).

ⓘ Brochantite

Formula: Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆

Locality: Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

Localities:

Al-Madhiq area, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ 'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup'

Formula: A_nCa₂(C²⁺_5-mC³⁺_m)(Si_8-(n+m)Al_(n+m))W₂

Locality: Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ 'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. Hornblende'

Formula: A_nCa₂(Z²⁺_5-mZ³⁺_m)(Si_8-(n+m)Al_(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)₂

Locality: Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ Cassiterite

Formula: SnO₂

Locality: Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

(1998) International strategic mineral issues summary report: tungsten. Circular 930-O. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/cir930o

ⓘ Chalcocite

Formula: Cu₂S

Localities:

Hawiah VMS deposit, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Chalcopyrite

Formula: CuFeS₂

Localities:

Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Bi'r Tawilah Au prospect, Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Hawiah VMS deposit, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Rabigh, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Chlorapatite

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃Cl

Locality: Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Forti, P., Galli, E., Rossi, A., Pint, J., & Pint, S. (2004). Ghar Al Hibashi lava tube: the richest site in Saudi Arabia for cave minerals. Acta carsologica, 33(2).

ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'

Localities:

Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ 'Chrome-Spinel (of Dana)'

Locality: Harrat Rahat Lava Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ Chromite

Formula: Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂O₄

Locality: Harrat Rahat Lava Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ Chrysocolla

Formula: Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1

Locality: Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'

Localities:

Harrat Kishb Volcanic Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Harrat Hadan Lava Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Al Wahbah Crater, Harrat Kishb Volcanic Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Covellite

Formula: CuS

Localities:

Hawiah VMS deposit, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Cuprite

Formula: Cu₂O

Locality: Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ Diopside

Formula: CaMgSi₂O₆

Locality: Al-Madhiq area, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

Description: "Ferrosalite" composition.

References:

Ahmed, Zulfiqar; Hariri, Mustafa M. (2006) Formation and mineral chemistry of a calcic skarn from Al-Madhiq, SW Saudi Arabia. Chemie der Erde, 66 (3). 187-201 doi:10.1016/j.chemer.2004.10.001

ⓘ Dolomite

Formula: CaMg(CO₃)₂

Locality: Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Forti, P., Galli, E., Rossi, A., Pint, J., & Pint, S. (2004). Ghar Al Hibashi lava tube: the richest site in Saudi Arabia for cave minerals. Acta carsologica, 33(2).

ⓘ Enstatite

Formula: Mg₂Si₂O₆

Locality: Harrat Rahat Lava Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ Epidote

Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

Locality: Al-Madhiq area, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Ahmed, Zulfiqar; Hariri, Mustafa M. (2006) Formation and mineral chemistry of a calcic skarn from Al-Madhiq, SW Saudi Arabia. Chemie der Erde, 66 (3). 187-201 doi:10.1016/j.chemer.2004.10.001

ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'

Localities:

Harrat Kishb Volcanic Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Harrat Hadan Lava Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Harrat Rahat Lava Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Al Wahbah Crater, Harrat Kishb Volcanic Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'

Localities:

Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Wadi Al Qamra Granite, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Kawr Granite Intrusion, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ 'Feldspar Group var. Perthite'

Localities:

Wadi Al Qamra Granite, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Kawr Granite Intrusion, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Ferrihydrite

Formula: Fe³⁺₁₀O₁₄(OH)₂

Locality: Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Surour, A. A. (2015). Cu–Mn–Fe alloys and Mn-rich amphiboles in ancient copper slags from the Jabal Samran area, Saudi Arabia: With synopsis on chemistry of Fe–Mn (III) oxyhydroxides in alteration zones. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 101, 70-83.

ⓘ Fluorite

Formula: CaF₂

Locality: Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

(1998) International strategic mineral issues summary report: tungsten. Circular 930-O. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/cir930o

ⓘ Galena

Formula: PbS

Localities:

Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Rabigh, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ 'Glass'

Locality: Harrat Kishb Volcanic Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

MCGUIRE, A. V. (1988) Petrology of Mantle Xenoliths from Harrat al Kishb: The Mantle beneath Western Saudi Arabia. Journal of Petrology, 29 (1) 73-92 doi:10.1093/petrology/29.1.73

ⓘ Goethite

Formula: Fe³⁺O(OH)

Locality: Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ Graphite

Formula: C

Locality: Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Forti, P., Galli, E., Rossi, A., Pint, J., & Pint, S. (2004). Ghar Al Hibashi lava tube: the richest site in Saudi Arabia for cave minerals. Acta carsologica, 33(2).

ⓘ Grossular

Formula: Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃

Locality: Al-Madhiq area, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Ahmed, Zulfiqar; Hariri, Mustafa M. (2006) Formation and mineral chemistry of a calcic skarn from Al-Madhiq, SW Saudi Arabia. Chemie der Erde, 66 (3). 187-201 doi:10.1016/j.chemer.2004.10.001

ⓘ Gypsum

Formula: CaSO₄ · 2H₂O

Locality: Al Wahbah Crater, Harrat Kishb Volcanic Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Wahab, A.A., Abul Maaty, M.A., Stuart, F.M., Awad, H., Kafafy, A. (2014) The geology and geochronology of Al Wahbah maar crater, Harrat Kishb, Saudi Arabia. Quartenary Geochronology, 21, 70-76.

ⓘ Halite

Formula: NaCl

Locality: Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Saudi Geological Survey Open-File Report SGS-OF-2004-12, 68 p.

Forti, P., Galli, E., Rossi, A., Pint, J., & Pint, S. (2004). Ghar Al Hibashi lava tube: the richest site in Saudi Arabia for cave minerals. Acta carsologica, 33(2).

ⓘ Hematite

Formula: Fe₂O₃

Locality: Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ Hematite var. Martite

Formula: Fe₂O₃

Locality: Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ 'Hornblende Root Name Group'

Formula: ◻Ca₂(C²⁺₄C³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)W₂

Localities:

Harrat ad Danun area, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Al-Madhiq area, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Wadi Al Qamra Granite, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Kawr Granite Intrusion, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Hydroxylapatite

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃(OH)

Locality: Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Saudi Geological Survey Open-File Report SGS-OF-2004-12, 68 p.

Forti, P., Galli, E., Rossi, A., Pint, J., & Pint, S. (2004). Ghar Al Hibashi lava tube: the richest site in Saudi Arabia for cave minerals. Acta carsologica, 33(2).

ⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄,CO₃)₃(OH,O)

Locality: Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Saudi Geological Survey Open-File Report SGS-OF-2004-12, 68 p.

Forti, P., Galli, E., Rossi, A., Pint, J., & Pint, S. (2004). Ghar Al Hibashi lava tube: the richest site in Saudi Arabia for cave minerals. Acta carsologica, 33(2).

ⓘ Ilmenite

Formula: Fe²⁺TiO₃

Locality: Harrat Kishb Volcanic Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

MCGUIRE, A. V. (1988) Petrology of Mantle Xenoliths from Harrat al Kishb: The Mantle beneath Western Saudi Arabia. Journal of Petrology, 29 (1) 73-92 doi:10.1093/petrology/29.1.73

ⓘ Jarosite

Formula: KFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆

Locality: Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ Kaolinite

Formula: Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄

Localities:

Hawiah VMS deposit, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Katophorite

Formula: Na(CaNa){Mg₄Al)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂

Localities:

Harrat Kishb Volcanic Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Harrat Rahat Lava Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Kutnohorite

Formula: CaMn²⁺(CO₃)₂

Locality: Sharm Abhur Cove, Jiddah (Jeddah), Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ Lepidocrocite

Formula: Fe³⁺O(OH)

Localities:

Bi'r Tawilah Au prospect, Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ 'Limonite'

Locality: Rabigh, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

USGS Prof Paper 550C ppC187-C189

ⓘ Löllingite

Formula: FeAs₂

Locality: Bi'r Tawilah Au prospect, Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Surour, Adel A., Ahmed, Ahmed H., Harbi, Hesham M. (2013) Yukonite-like alteration products (Ca-Fe arsenate and As-rich Fe-oxyhydroxide) formed by in situ weathering in granodiorite, Bi'r Tawilah gold prospect, Saudi Arabia. European Journal of Mineralogy, 25 (1) 61-70 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2013/0025-2246

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

Localities:

Bi'r Tawilah Au prospect, Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Harrat Kishb Volcanic Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺(Fe³⁺,Ti)₂O₄

Localities:

Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Harrat Kishb Volcanic Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Malachite

Formula: Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂

Localities:

Rabigh, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Microcline

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

Locality: Wadi Al Qamra Granite, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Vaslet, D., Pellaton, C., Manivit, J., Le Nindre, Y. M., Brosse, J. M., & Fourniguet, J. (1985). Geologic map of the Sulayyimah Quadrangle, Sheet 21H, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Geologic Map GM-100C (with Explanatory notes). Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources, Deputy Ministry for Mineral Resources of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Jeddah.

Woolley, Alan R. (2019) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World. Part 4: Antarctica, Asia and Europe (excluding the former USSR), Australasia and Oceanic Islands. The Geological Society of London. doi:10.1144/mpar4p.201

ⓘ 'Monazite Group'

Formula: REE(PO₄)

Locality: Bi'r Tawilah Au prospect, Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ Muscovite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

Localities:

Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite

Formula: K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂

Localities:

Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

Localities:

Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Native Gold

Formula: Au

Localities:

Bi'r Tawilah Au prospect, Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Hawiah VMS deposit, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum

Formula: (Au,Ag)

Locality: Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Surour, AdelA, Bakhsh, RamiA, El-Nisr, SaidA (2014) Ore microscopic characterization of mineralized rocks at the Bi’r Tawilah gold prospect, Saudi Arabia. Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure, 2. 41pp. doi:10.1016/j.jmau.2014.02.002

ⓘ Natrojarosite

Formula: NaFe₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆

Locality: Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ Nepheline

Formula: Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)

Localities:

Harrat Kishb Volcanic Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Harrat Hadan Lava Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Harrat Rahat Lava Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Niter

Formula: KNO₃

Locality: Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Forti, P., Galli, E., Rossi, A., Pint, J., & Pint, S. (2004). Ghar Al Hibashi lava tube: the richest site in Saudi Arabia for cave minerals. Acta carsologica, 33(2).

ⓘ Nosean

Formula: Na₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(SO₄) · H₂O

Locality: Harrat Rahat Lava Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ 'Olivine Group'

Formula: M₂SiO₄

Locality: Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Forti, P., Galli, E., Rossi, A., Pint, J., & Pint, S. (2004). Ghar Al Hibashi lava tube: the richest site in Saudi Arabia for cave minerals. Acta carsologica, 33(2).

ⓘ Opal

Formula: SiO₂ · nH₂O

Locality: Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Saudi Geological Survey Open-File Report SGS-OF-2004-12, 68 p.

ⓘ Opal var. Opal-C

Formula: SiO₂ · nH₂O

Locality: Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Forti, P., Galli, E., Rossi, A., Pint, J., & Pint, S. (2004). Ghar Al Hibashi lava tube: the richest site in Saudi Arabia for cave minerals. Acta carsologica, 33(2).

ⓘ Orthoclase

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

Locality: Harrat Rahat Lava Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ Palygorskite

Formula: ◻Al₂Mg₂◻₂Si₈O₂₀(OH)₂(H₂O)₄ · 4H₂O

Locality: Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Saudi Geological Survey Open-File Report SGS-OF-2004-12, 68 p.

Forti, P., Galli, E., Rossi, A., Pint, J., & Pint, S. (2004). Ghar Al Hibashi lava tube: the richest site in Saudi Arabia for cave minerals. Acta carsologica, 33(2).

ⓘ Paratacamite

Formula: Cu₃(Cu,Zn)(OH)₆Cl₂

Locality: Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ 'Plagioclase'

Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈

Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

Localities:

Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Bi'r Tawilah Au prospect, Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Hawiah VMS deposit, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ 'Pyrocoproite'

Formula: (K,Na)₂Mg(P₂O₇)

Locality: Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Saudi Geological Survey Open-File Report SGS-OF-2004-12, 68 p.

Forti, P., Galli, E., Rossi, A., Pint, J., & Pint, S. (2004). Ghar Al Hibashi lava tube: the richest site in Saudi Arabia for cave minerals. Acta carsologica, 33(2).

ⓘ 'Pyrophosphite'

Formula: K₂Ca(P₂O₇)

Locality: Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Saudi Geological Survey Open-File Report SGS-OF-2004-12, 68 p.

Forti, P., Galli, E., Rossi, A., Pint, J., & Pint, S. (2004). Ghar Al Hibashi lava tube: the richest site in Saudi Arabia for cave minerals. Acta carsologica, 33(2).

ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'

Formula: ADSi₂O₆

Localities:

Jabal Taweel Intrusion, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.

ⓘ Rhodochrosite

Formula: MnCO₃

Locality: Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ Riebeckite

Formula: ◻Na₂(Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂

Localities:

Wadi Al Qamra Granite, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Kawr Granite Intrusion, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Romarchite

Formula: SnO

Locality: Sharm Abhur Cove, Jiddah (Jeddah), Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

rruff.geo.arizona.edu (n.d.) http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/romarchite.pdf.

ⓘ Rutile

Formula: TiO₂

Localities:

Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Bi'r Tawilah Au prospect, Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ 'Scapolite'

Locality: Al-Madhiq area, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Ahmed, Zulfiqar; Hariri, Mustafa M. (2006) Formation and mineral chemistry of a calcic skarn from Al-Madhiq, SW Saudi Arabia. Chemie der Erde, 66 (3). 187-201 doi:10.1016/j.chemer.2004.10.001

ⓘ Scorodite

Formula: Fe³⁺AsO₄ · 2H₂O

Locality: Bi'r Tawilah Au prospect, Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ Siderite

Formula: FeCO₃

Locality: Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ Sphalerite

Formula: ZnS

Localities:

Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Hawiah VMS deposit, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Stannite

Formula: Cu₂FeSnS₄

Locality: Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

(1998) International strategic mineral issues summary report: tungsten. Circular 930-O. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/cir930o

ⓘ Talc

Formula: Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂

Locality: Hawiah VMS deposit, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Kirmizakis, Panagiotis, Khogali, Abid, Chavanidis, Konstantinos, Eatwell, Timothy, Bryan, Tomos, Soupios, Pantelis (2025) Mapping Sulphide Mineralization in the Hawiah Area Using Transient Electromagnetic Methods. Minerals, 15 (2). doi:10.3390/min15020186

ⓘ Tenorite

Formula: CuO

Locality: Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'

Formula: Cu₆(Cu₄C²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂S

Locality: Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

(1998) International strategic mineral issues summary report: tungsten. Circular 930-O. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/cir930o

ⓘ Thorite

Formula: Th(SiO₄)

Locality: Bi'r Tawilah Au prospect, Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ Titanite

Formula: CaTiO(SiO₄)

Localities:

Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Al-Madhiq area, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Wadi Al Qamra Granite, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Kawr Granite Intrusion, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Tremolite

Formula: ◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂

Locality: Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

ⓘ Urea

Formula: CO(NH₂)₂

Locality: Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Saudi Geological Survey Open-File Report SGS-OF-2004-12, 68 p.

Forti, P., Galli, E., Rossi, A., Pint, J., & Pint, S. (2004). Ghar Al Hibashi lava tube: the richest site in Saudi Arabia for cave minerals. Acta carsologica, 33(2).

ⓘ 'Wad'

Locality: Rabigh, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

USGS Prof Paper 550C ppC187-C189

ⓘ Whitlockite

Formula: Ca₉Mg(PO₄)₆(PO₃OH)

Locality: Hibashi Cave, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Saudi Geological Survey Open-File Report SGS-OF-2004-12, 68 p.

Forti, P., Galli, E., Rossi, A., Pint, J., & Pint, S. (2004). Ghar Al Hibashi lava tube: the richest site in Saudi Arabia for cave minerals. Acta carsologica, 33(2).

ⓘ 'Wolframite Group'

Locality: Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

(1998) International strategic mineral issues summary report: tungsten. Circular 930-O. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/cir930o

ⓘ 'Zeolite Group'

Locality: Al Wahbah Crater, Harrat Kishb Volcanic Field, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Wahab, A.A., Abul Maaty, M.A., Stuart, F.M., Awad, H., Kafafy, A. (2014) The geology and geochronology of Al Wahbah maar crater, Harrat Kishb, Saudi Arabia. Quartenary Geochronology, 21, 70-76.

ⓘ Zircon

Formula: Zr(SiO₄)

Localities:

Bi'r Tawilah Au prospect, Bi'r Tawilah, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
Kawr Granite Intrusion, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

ⓘ Zoisite

Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

Locality: Jabal Samran, Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

References:

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘ	Native Gold var. Electrum	1.AA.05	(Au,Ag)
ⓘ		1.AA.05	Au
ⓘ	Graphite	1.CB.05a	C
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Chalcocite	2.BA.05	Cu₂S
ⓘ	Covellite	2.CA.05a	CuS
ⓘ	Sphalerite	2.CB.05a	ZnS
ⓘ	Chalcopyrite	2.CB.10a	CuFeS₂
ⓘ	Stannite	2.CB.15a	Cu₂FeSnS₄
ⓘ	Argentopyrite	2.CB.65	AgFe₂S₃
ⓘ	Galena	2.CD.10	PbS
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
ⓘ	Löllingite	2.EB.15a	FeAs₂
ⓘ	Arsenopyrite	2.EB.20	FeAsS
ⓘ	'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'	2.GB.05	Cu₆(Cu₄C²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂S
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘ	Halite	3.AA.20	NaCl
ⓘ	Fluorite	3.AB.25	CaF₂
ⓘ	Paratacamite	3.DA.10c	Cu₃(Cu,Zn)(OH)₆Cl₂
ⓘ	Abhurite (TL)	3.DA.30	Sn₂₁Cl₁₆(OH)₁₄O₆
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Cuprite	4.AA.10	Cu₂O
ⓘ	Tenorite	4.AB.10	CuO
ⓘ	Romarchite	4.AC.20	SnO
ⓘ	Chromite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺(Fe³⁺,Ti)₂O₄
ⓘ	Hematite	4.CB.05	Fe₂O₃
ⓘ	Ilmenite	4.CB.05	Fe²⁺TiO₃
ⓘ	Hematite var. Martite	4.CB.05	Fe₂O₃
ⓘ	Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	Opal	4.DA.10	SiO₂ · nH₂O
ⓘ	var. Opal-C	4.DA.10	SiO₂ · nH₂O
ⓘ	Cassiterite	4.DB.05	SnO₂
ⓘ	Rutile	4.DB.05	TiO₂
ⓘ	'Wolframite Group'	4.DB.30 va
ⓘ	Goethite	4.FD.10	Fe³⁺O(OH)
ⓘ	Lepidocrocite	4.FE.15	Fe³⁺O(OH)
ⓘ	Ferrihydrite	4.FE.35	Fe³⁺₁₀O₁₄(OH)₂
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Rhodochrosite	5.AB.05	MnCO₃
ⓘ	Siderite	5.AB.05	FeCO₃
ⓘ	Dolomite	5.AB.10	CaMg(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	Kutnohorite	5.AB.10	CaMn²⁺(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	Aragonite	5.AB.15	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Malachite	5.BA.10	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Niter	5.NA.10	KNO₃
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘ	Aphthitalite	7.AC.35	K₃Na(SO₄)₂
ⓘ	Arcanite	7.AD.05	K₂SO₄
ⓘ	Anhydrite	7.AD.30	CaSO₄
ⓘ	Baryte	7.AD.35	BaSO₄
ⓘ	Brochantite	7.BB.25	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆
ⓘ	Jarosite	7.BC.10	KFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
ⓘ	Natrojarosite	7.BC.10	NaFe₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
ⓘ	Gypsum	7.CD.40	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘ	Whitlockite	8.AC.45	Ca₉Mg(PO₄)₆(PO₃OH)
ⓘ	Archerite	8.AD.15	(K,NH₄)(H₂PO₄)
ⓘ	Biphosphammite	8.AD.15	NH₄(H₂PO₄)
ⓘ	Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite	8.BN.05	Ca₅(PO₄,CO₃)₃(OH,O)
ⓘ	Chlorapatite	8.BN.05	Ca₅(PO₄)₃Cl
ⓘ	Hydroxylapatite	8.BN.05	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(OH)
ⓘ	Scorodite	8.CD.10	Fe³⁺AsO₄ · 2H₂O
ⓘ	'Pyrocoproite'	8.FA.20	(K,Na)₂Mg(P₂O₇)
ⓘ	'Pyrophosphite'	8.FA.20	K₂Ca(P₂O₇)
ⓘ	'Arnhemite'	8.FC.20	(K,Na)₄Mg₂(P₂O₇)₂ · 5H₂O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Grossular	9.AD.25	Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	Thorite	9.AD.30	Th(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Zircon	9.AD.30	Zr(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Titanite	9.AG.15	CaTiO(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Epidote	9.BG.05a	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Zoisite	9.BG.10	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Enstatite	9.DA.05	Mg₂Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Augite	9.DA.15	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Diopside	9.DA.15	CaMgSi₂O₆
ⓘ	Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite	9.DA.15	(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)₂O₆
ⓘ	Aegirine-augite	9.DA.20	(Na_aCa_bFe²⁺_cMg_d)(Fe³⁺_eAl_fFe²⁺_gMg_h)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Aegirine	9.DA.25	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Actinolite	9.DE.10	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Tremolite	9.DE.10	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Katophorite	9.DE.20	Na(CaNa){Mg₄Al)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Arfvedsonite	9.DE.25	NaNa₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Riebeckite	9.DE.25	◻Na₂(Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Talc	9.EC.05	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
ⓘ	Muscovite var. Illite	9.EC.15	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
ⓘ		9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	var. Sericite	9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Kaolinite	9.ED.05	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
ⓘ	Chrysocolla	9.ED.20	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
ⓘ	Palygorskite	9.EE.20	◻Al₂Mg₂◻₂Si₈O₂₀(OH)₂(H₂O)₄ · 4H₂O
ⓘ	Nepheline	9.FA.05	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
ⓘ	Microcline	9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Orthoclase	9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Albite	9.FA.35	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	var. Andesine	9.FA.35	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
ⓘ	Anorthite	9.FA.35	Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)
ⓘ	Albite var. Anorthoclase	9.FA.35	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
ⓘ	Anorthite var. Labradorite	9.FA.35	(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si₂O₈]
ⓘ	Albite var. Oligoclase-Albite	9.FA.35	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Nosean	9.FB.10	Na₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(SO₄) · H₂O
ⓘ	'Zeolite Group'	9.G0.
ⓘ	Analcime	9.GB.05	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Group 10 - Organic Compounds
ⓘ	Urea	10.CA.35	CO(NH₂)₂
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Alkali Feldspar'	-
ⓘ	'Amphibole Supergroup'	-	AB₂C₅(T₈O₂₂)W₂
ⓘ	'Biotite'	-	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
ⓘ	'Chlorite Group'	-
ⓘ	'Feldspar Group'	-
ⓘ	'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. Hornblende'	-	A_nCa₂(Z²⁺_5-mZ³⁺_m)(Si_8-(n+m)Al_(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)₂
ⓘ	'Limonite'	-
ⓘ	'Monazite Group'	-	REE(PO₄)
ⓘ	'Wad'	-
ⓘ	'Feldspar Group var. Perthite'	-
ⓘ	'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'	-
ⓘ	'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'	-
ⓘ	'Scapolite'	-
ⓘ	'Hornblende Root Name Group'	-	◻Ca₂(C²⁺₄C³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)W₂
ⓘ	'Plagioclase'	-	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
ⓘ	'Pyroxene Group'	-	ADSi₂O₆
ⓘ	'Chrome-Spinel (of Dana)'	-
ⓘ	'Glass'	-
ⓘ	'Apatite'	-	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
ⓘ	'Olivine Group'	-	M₂SiO₄
ⓘ	'Calcium Amphibole Subgroup'	-	A_nCa₂(C²⁺_5-mC³⁺_m)(Si_8-(n+m)Al_(n+m))W₂
ⓘ	'Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite'	-	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Abhurite	Sn₂₁Cl₁₆(OH)₁₄O₆
H	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
H	ⓘ Archerite	(K,NH₄)(H₂PO₄)
H	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	NaNa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
H	ⓘ Biphosphammite	NH₄(H₂PO₄)
H	ⓘ Brochantite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite	Ca₅(PO₄,CO₃)₃(OH,O)
H	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
H	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Ferrihydrite	Fe₁₀³⁺O₁₄(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
H	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. Hornblende	A_nCa₂(Z²⁺_5-mZ_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m)Al_(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)₂
H	ⓘ Hydroxylapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(OH)
H	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
H	ⓘ Jarosite	KFe₃³⁺(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Kaolinite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
H	ⓘ Lepidocrocite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
H	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Natrojarosite	NaFe₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Nosean	Na₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(SO₄) · H₂O
H	ⓘ Opal	SiO₂ · nH₂O
H	ⓘ Palygorskite	◻Al₂Mg₂◻₂Si₈O₂₀(OH)₂(H₂O)₄ · 4H₂O
H	ⓘ Paratacamite	Cu₃(Cu,Zn)(OH)₆Cl₂
H	ⓘ Riebeckite	◻Na₂(Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Scorodite	Fe³⁺AsO₄ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Urea	CO(NH₂)₂
H	ⓘ Whitlockite	Ca₉Mg(PO₄)₆(PO₃OH)
H	ⓘ Zoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Arnhemite	(K,Na)₄Mg₂(P₂O₇)₂ · 5H₂O
H	ⓘ Katophorite	Na(CaNa){Mg₄Al)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
H	ⓘ Opal var. Opal-C	SiO₂ · nH₂O
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Aragonite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite	Ca₅(PO₄,CO₃)₃(OH,O)
C	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Graphite	C
C	ⓘ Kutnohorite	CaMn²⁺(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
C	ⓘ Rhodochrosite	MnCO₃
C	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
C	ⓘ Urea	CO(NH₂)₂
N	Nitrogen
N	ⓘ Archerite	(K,NH₄)(H₂PO₄)
N	ⓘ Biphosphammite	NH₄(H₂PO₄)
N	ⓘ Niter	KNO₃
N	ⓘ Urea	CO(NH₂)₂
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Abhurite	Sn₂₁Cl₁₆(OH)₁₄O₆
O	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅(T₈O₂₂)W₂
O	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
O	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
O	ⓘ Anhydrite	CaSO₄
O	ⓘ Anorthite	Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)
O	ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
O	ⓘ Aphthitalite	K₃Na(SO₄)₂
O	ⓘ Aragonite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Arcanite	K₂SO₄
O	ⓘ Archerite	(K,NH₄)(H₂PO₄)
O	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	NaNa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
O	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
O	ⓘ Biphosphammite	NH₄(H₂PO₄)
O	ⓘ Brochantite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite	Ca₅(PO₄,CO₃)₃(OH,O)
O	ⓘ Cassiterite	SnO₂
O	ⓘ Chlorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃Cl
O	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
O	ⓘ Cuprite	Cu₂O
O	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Enstatite	Mg₂Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Ferrihydrite	Fe₁₀³⁺O₁₄(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
O	ⓘ Grossular	Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
O	ⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. Hornblende	A_nCa₂(Z²⁺_5-mZ_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m)Al_(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)₂
O	ⓘ Hydroxylapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(OH)
O	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
O	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
O	ⓘ Jarosite	KFe₃³⁺(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Kaolinite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
O	ⓘ Kutnohorite	CaMn²⁺(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite	(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si₂O₈]
O	ⓘ Lepidocrocite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Hematite var. Martite	Fe₂O₃
O	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Monazite Group	REE(PO₄)
O	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Natrojarosite	NaFe₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
O	ⓘ Niter	KNO₃
O	ⓘ Nosean	Na₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(SO₄) · H₂O
O	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase-Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Opal	SiO₂ · nH₂O
O	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Palygorskite	◻Al₂Mg₂◻₂Si₈O₂₀(OH)₂(H₂O)₄ · 4H₂O
O	ⓘ Paratacamite	Cu₃(Cu,Zn)(OH)₆Cl₂
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Rhodochrosite	MnCO₃
O	ⓘ Riebeckite	◻Na₂(Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Romarchite	SnO
O	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
O	ⓘ Scorodite	Fe³⁺AsO₄ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
O	ⓘ Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Tenorite	CuO
O	ⓘ Thorite	Th(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Titanite	CaTiO(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite	Fe²⁺(Fe³⁺,Ti)₂O₄
O	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Urea	CO(NH₂)₂
O	ⓘ Whitlockite	Ca₉Mg(PO₄)₆(PO₃OH)
O	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Zoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Arnhemite	(K,Na)₄Mg₂(P₂O₇)₂ · 5H₂O
O	ⓘ Katophorite	Na(CaNa){Mg₄Al)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Pyrocoproite	(K,Na)₂Mg(P₂O₇)
O	ⓘ Pyrophosphite	K₂Ca(P₂O₇)
O	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
O	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(C₄²⁺C³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)W₂
O	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
O	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite	(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)₂O₆
O	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
O	ⓘ Olivine Group	M₂SiO₄
O	ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
O	ⓘ Opal var. Opal-C	SiO₂ · nH₂O
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
F	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
F	ⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. Hornblende	A_nCa₂(Z²⁺_5-mZ_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m)Al_(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)₂
F	ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Na	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Na	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Na	ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
Na	ⓘ Aphthitalite	K₃Na(SO₄)₂
Na	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	NaNa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Halite	NaCl
Na	ⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite	(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si₂O₈]
Na	ⓘ Natrojarosite	NaFe₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
Na	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Na	ⓘ Nosean	Na₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(SO₄) · H₂O
Na	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase-Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Na	ⓘ Riebeckite	◻Na₂(Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Arnhemite	(K,Na)₄Mg₂(P₂O₇)₂ · 5H₂O
Na	ⓘ Katophorite	Na(CaNa){Mg₄Al)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Pyrocoproite	(K,Na)₂Mg(P₂O₇)
Na	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Na	ⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite	(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)₂O₆
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Mg	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Mg	ⓘ Enstatite	Mg₂Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Palygorskite	◻Al₂Mg₂◻₂Si₈O₂₀(OH)₂(H₂O)₄ · 4H₂O
Mg	ⓘ Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Whitlockite	Ca₉Mg(PO₄)₆(PO₃OH)
Mg	ⓘ Arnhemite	(K,Na)₄Mg₂(P₂O₇)₂ · 5H₂O
Mg	ⓘ Katophorite	Na(CaNa){Mg₄Al)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Pyrocoproite	(K,Na)₂Mg(P₂O₇)
Mg	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Mg	ⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite	(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)₂O₆
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Al	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Al	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Al	ⓘ Anorthite	Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)
Al	ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
Al	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Al	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
Al	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Grossular	Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Al	ⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. Hornblende	A_nCa₂(Z²⁺_5-mZ_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m)Al_(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)₂
Al	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Kaolinite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Al	ⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite	(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si₂O₈]
Al	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Al	ⓘ Nosean	Na₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(SO₄) · H₂O
Al	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase-Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Palygorskite	◻Al₂Mg₂◻₂Si₈O₂₀(OH)₂(H₂O)₄ · 4H₂O
Al	ⓘ Zoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Katophorite	Na(CaNa){Mg₄Al)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(C₄²⁺C³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)W₂
Al	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Al	ⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite	(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)₂O₆
Al	ⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup	A_nCa₂(C²⁺_5-mC_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m)Al_(n+m))W₂
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Si	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Si	ⓘ Anorthite	Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)
Si	ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
Si	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	NaNa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Si	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
Si	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Enstatite	Mg₂Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Grossular	Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. Hornblende	A_nCa₂(Z²⁺_5-mZ_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m)Al_(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)₂
Si	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Kaolinite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Si	ⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite	(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si₂O₈]
Si	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Si	ⓘ Nosean	Na₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(SO₄) · H₂O
Si	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase-Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Opal	SiO₂ · nH₂O
Si	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Palygorskite	◻Al₂Mg₂◻₂Si₈O₂₀(OH)₂(H₂O)₄ · 4H₂O
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Riebeckite	◻Na₂(Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Thorite	Th(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Titanite	CaTiO(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Zoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Katophorite	Na(CaNa){Mg₄Al)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Si	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(C₄²⁺C³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)W₂
Si	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Si	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite	(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Olivine Group	M₂SiO₄
Si	ⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup	A_nCa₂(C²⁺_5-mC_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m)Al_(n+m))W₂
Si	ⓘ Opal var. Opal-C	SiO₂ · nH₂O
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Archerite	(K,NH₄)(H₂PO₄)
P	ⓘ Biphosphammite	NH₄(H₂PO₄)
P	ⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite	Ca₅(PO₄,CO₃)₃(OH,O)
P	ⓘ Chlorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃Cl
P	ⓘ Hydroxylapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(OH)
P	ⓘ Monazite Group	REE(PO₄)
P	ⓘ Whitlockite	Ca₉Mg(PO₄)₆(PO₃OH)
P	ⓘ Arnhemite	(K,Na)₄Mg₂(P₂O₇)₂ · 5H₂O
P	ⓘ Pyrocoproite	(K,Na)₂Mg(P₂O₇)
P	ⓘ Pyrophosphite	K₂Ca(P₂O₇)
P	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
P	ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Anhydrite	CaSO₄
S	ⓘ Aphthitalite	K₃Na(SO₄)₂
S	ⓘ Argentopyrite	AgFe₂S₃
S	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
S	ⓘ Arcanite	K₂SO₄
S	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
S	ⓘ Brochantite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆
S	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
S	ⓘ Chalcocite	Cu₂S
S	ⓘ Covellite	CuS
S	ⓘ Galena	PbS
S	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
S	ⓘ Jarosite	KFe₃³⁺(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
S	ⓘ Natrojarosite	NaFe₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
S	ⓘ Nosean	Na₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(SO₄) · H₂O
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
S	ⓘ Stannite	Cu₂FeSnS₄
S	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Abhurite	Sn₂₁Cl₁₆(OH)₁₄O₆
Cl	ⓘ Chlorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃Cl
Cl	ⓘ Halite	NaCl
Cl	ⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. Hornblende	A_nCa₂(Z²⁺_5-mZ_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m)Al_(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)₂
Cl	ⓘ Paratacamite	Cu₃(Cu,Zn)(OH)₆Cl₂
Cl	ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
K	ⓘ Aphthitalite	K₃Na(SO₄)₂
K	ⓘ Arcanite	K₂SO₄
K	ⓘ Archerite	(K,NH₄)(H₂PO₄)
K	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
K	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
K	ⓘ Jarosite	KFe₃³⁺(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
K	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
K	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
K	ⓘ Niter	KNO₃
K	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
K	ⓘ Arnhemite	(K,Na)₄Mg₂(P₂O₇)₂ · 5H₂O
K	ⓘ Pyrocoproite	(K,Na)₂Mg(P₂O₇)
K	ⓘ Pyrophosphite	K₂Ca(P₂O₇)
K	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Ca	ⓘ Anhydrite	CaSO₄
Ca	ⓘ Anorthite	Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)
Ca	ⓘ Aragonite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite	Ca₅(PO₄,CO₃)₃(OH,O)
Ca	ⓘ Chlorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃Cl
Ca	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ca	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
Ca	ⓘ Grossular	Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Ca	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup var. Hornblende	A_nCa₂(Z²⁺_5-mZ_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m)Al_(n+m))(OH,F,Cl)₂
Ca	ⓘ Hydroxylapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(OH)
Ca	ⓘ Kutnohorite	CaMn²⁺(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite	(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si₂O₈]
Ca	ⓘ Titanite	CaTiO(SiO₄)
Ca	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Whitlockite	Ca₉Mg(PO₄)₆(PO₃OH)
Ca	ⓘ Zoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ca	ⓘ Katophorite	Na(CaNa){Mg₄Al)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Pyrophosphite	K₂Ca(P₂O₇)
Ca	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(C₄²⁺C³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)W₂
Ca	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Ca	ⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite	(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
Ca	ⓘ Calcium Amphibole Subgroup	A_nCa₂(C²⁺_5-mC_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m)Al_(n+m))W₂
Ca	ⓘ Apatite var. Carbonate-rich Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Ti	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Ti	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
Ti	ⓘ Titanite	CaTiO(SiO₄)
Ti	ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite	Fe²⁺(Fe³⁺,Ti)₂O₄
Ti	ⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite	(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)₂O₆
Cr	Chromium
Cr	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
Mn	Manganese
Mn	ⓘ Kutnohorite	CaMn²⁺(CO₃)₂
Mn	ⓘ Rhodochrosite	MnCO₃
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Argentopyrite	AgFe₂S₃
Fe	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
Fe	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	NaNa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Fe	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Fe	ⓘ Ferrihydrite	Fe₁₀³⁺O₁₄(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
Fe	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
Fe	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Fe	ⓘ Jarosite	KFe₃³⁺(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
Fe	ⓘ Lepidocrocite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
Fe	ⓘ Löllingite	FeAs₂
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Hematite var. Martite	Fe₂O₃
Fe	ⓘ Natrojarosite	NaFe₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Riebeckite	◻Na₂(Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Scorodite	Fe³⁺AsO₄ · 2H₂O
Fe	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
Fe	ⓘ Stannite	Cu₂FeSnS₄
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite	Fe²⁺(Fe³⁺,Ti)₂O₄
Fe	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Fe	ⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite	(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)₂O₆
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Brochantite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆
Cu	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Cu	ⓘ Chalcocite	Cu₂S
Cu	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
Cu	ⓘ Covellite	CuS
Cu	ⓘ Cuprite	Cu₂O
Cu	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
Cu	ⓘ Paratacamite	Cu₃(Cu,Zn)(OH)₆Cl₂
Cu	ⓘ Stannite	Cu₂FeSnS₄
Cu	ⓘ Tenorite	CuO
Cu	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S
Zn	Zinc
Zn	ⓘ Paratacamite	Cu₃(Cu,Zn)(OH)₆Cl₂
Zn	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
As	Arsenic
As	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
As	ⓘ Löllingite	FeAs₂
As	ⓘ Scorodite	Fe³⁺AsO₄ · 2H₂O
Zr	Zirconium
Zr	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Ag	Silver
Ag	ⓘ Argentopyrite	AgFe₂S₃
Ag	ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum	(Au,Ag)
Sn	Tin
Sn	ⓘ Abhurite	Sn₂₁Cl₁₆(OH)₁₄O₆
Sn	ⓘ Cassiterite	SnO₂
Sn	ⓘ Romarchite	SnO
Sn	ⓘ Stannite	Cu₂FeSnS₄
Sb	Antimony
Sb	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S
Ba	Barium
Ba	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
Au	Gold
Au	ⓘ Native Gold var. Electrum	(Au,Ag)
Au	ⓘ Native Gold	Au
Pb	Lead
Pb	ⓘ Galena	PbS
Th	Thorium
Th	ⓘ Thorite	Th(SiO₄)

Geochronology

Mineralization age: Quaternary : 0.0002 Ma to 0 Ma

Important note: This table is based only on rock and mineral ages recorded on mindat.org for this locality and is not necessarily a complete representation of the geochronology, but does give an indication of possible mineralization events relevant to this locality. As more age information is added this table may expand in the future. A break in the table simply indicates a lack of data entered here, not necessarily a break in the geologic sequence. Grey background entries are from different, related, localities.

Geologic Time

Rocks, Minerals and Events

ⓘ Abhurite (youngest age)	0 Ma	Sharm Abhur Cove, Jiddah (Jeddah), Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia
ⓘ Abhurite (oldest age)	Anthropocene (0 - 0.0002 Ma)	Sharm Abhur Cove, Jiddah (Jeddah), Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia

Fossils

There are 191 fossil localities from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.

These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.

Occurrences

191

Youngest Fossil Listed

0.01 Ma (Pleistocene)

Oldest Fossil Listed

66.0 Ma (Late/Upper Cretaceous)

Stratigraphic Units

Unit	No. Occurrences	Age
Shumaysi - middle unit	9	33.9 - 23.03 Ma (Cenozoic)
Umm Himar - Middle	64	66 - 56 Ma (Paleocene)

Fossils from Region

Click here to show the list.

Accepted Name	Hierarchy	Age
Amphistegina genus	Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Amphisteginidae : *Amphistegina*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Neorotalia genus	Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Calcarinidae : *Neorotalia*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Porites genus	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Poritidae : *Porites*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Diodora genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lepetellida : Fissurellidae : *Diodora*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Tectus genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochidae : *Tectus*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Trochus genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pleurotomariida : Pseudophoridae : *Trochus*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Bittium genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cerithiidae : *Bittium*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Canarium genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Strombidae : *Canarium*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Casmaria genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cassidae : *Casmaria*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Erosaria genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cypraeidae : *Naria*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Strombus (Gibberulus) subgenus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Strombidae : Strombus : *Strombus (Gibberulus)*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Leporicypraea genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cypraeidae : *Leporicypraea*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Mammilla genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : *Mammilla*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Staphylaea genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cypraeidae : *Staphylaea*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Tibia genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Rostellariidae : *Tibia*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Strombus (Tricornis) subgenus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Strombidae : Strombus : *Strombus (Tricornis)*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Ancilla genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Ancillariidae : *Ancilla*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Chicoreus genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : *Chicoreus*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Conus genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : *Conus*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Dermomurex genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : *Dermomurex*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Euplica genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Columbellidae : *Euplica*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Fusinus genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : *Fusinus*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Murex genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : *Murex*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Muricopsis genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : *Muricopsis*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Nassa genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : *Nassa*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Nassarius genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Nassariidae : *Nassarius*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Cantharus (Pollia) subgenus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Cantharus : *Cantharus (Pollia)*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Pyrene genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Columbellidae : *Pyrene*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Sycostoma genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Melongenidae : *Sycostoma*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Terebra genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Terebridae : *Terebra*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Volema genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Melongenidae : *Volema*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Longchaeus genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pyramidellidae : *Longchaeus*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Tridacna genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : *Tridacna*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Ginglymostoma genus	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Orectolobiformes : Ginglymostomatidae : *Ginglymostoma*	66 - 56 Ma Paleocene
Odontaspis genus	Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Lamniformes : Odontaspididae : *Odontaspis*	66 - 56 Ma Paleocene
Pycnodus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Pycnodontiformes : Pycnodontidae : *Pycnodus*	66 - 56 Ma Paleocene
Amiiformes order	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Amiiformes	66 - 56 Ma Paleocene
Siluriformes order	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Siluriformes	66 - 56 Ma Paleocene
Hyposaurus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Dyrosauridae : *Hyposaurus*	66 - 56 Ma Paleocene
Phosphatosaurus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Dyrosauridae : *Phosphatosaurus*	66 - 56 Ma Paleocene
Rhabdognathus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Dyrosauridae : *Rhabdognathus*	66 - 56 Ma Paleocene
Pelomedusidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Pelomedusidae	66 - 56 Ma Paleocene
Dyrosauridae family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Dyrosauridae	66 - 56 Ma Paleocene
Gomphotherium genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : *Gomphotherium*	33.9 - 23.03 Ma Cenozoic
Palaeomastodon genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : *Palaeomastodon*	33.9 - 23.03 Ma Cenozoic
Mammutidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Mammutidae	33.9 - 23.03 Ma Cenozoic
Geniohyus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : *Geniohyus*	33.9 - 23.03 Ma Cenozoic
Faviidae family	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Faviidae	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Amiidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Amiiformes : Amiidae	66 - 56 Ma Paleocene
Ceratodus humei species	Animalia : Chordata : Sarcopterygii : Ceratodontiformes : Ceratodontidae : Ceratodus : *Ceratodus humei*	66 - 56 Ma Paleocene
Conus lividus species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus : *Conus lividus*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Lyncina carneola species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cypraeidae : Lyncina : *Lyncina carneola*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Erronea caurica species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cypraeidae : Erronea : *Erronea caurica*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Cypraea (Lyncina) vitellus species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cypraeidae : Lyncina : *Cypraea (Lyncina) vitellus*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Lambis lambis species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Strombidae : Lambis : *Lambis lambis*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Lophiotoma genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : *Lophiotoma*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Lophiotoma abbreviata species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Lophiotoma : *Lophiotoma abbreviata*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Modulus tectum species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Modulidae : Indomodulus : *Indomodulus tectum*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Chicoreus ramosus species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Chicoreus : *Chicoreus ramosus*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Natica gualteriana species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Notocochlis : *Notocochlis gualtieriana*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Nerita (Theliostyla) albicilla species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neritidae : Nerita : *Nerita (Theliostyla) albicilla*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Phasianella variegata species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Phasianellidae : Phasianella : *Phasianella solida*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Planaxis sulcatus species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Planaxidae : Planaxis : *Planaxis sulcatus*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Rhinoclavis fasciata species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cerithiidae : Rhinoclavis : *Rhinoclavis fasciata*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Canarium mutabile species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Strombidae : Canarium : *Canarium mutabile*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Terebralia palustris species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Potamididae : Terebralia : *Terebralia palustris*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Trochus maculatus species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Trochidae : Trochus : *Trochus maculatus*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Turbo (Turbo) petholatus species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turbinidae : Turbo : *Turbo (Turbo) petholatus*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Bulla ampulla species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Bullidae : Bulla : *Bulla ampulla*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Arsinoitherium zitteli species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Embrithopoda : Arsinoitherium : *Arsinoitherium zitteli*	33.9 - 23.03 Ma Cenozoic
Megalohyrax eocaenus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : Megalohyrax : *Megalohyrax eocaenus*	33.9 - 23.03 Ma Cenozoic
Neochelys fajumensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Podocnemidae : Neochelys : *Neochelys fajumensis*	33.9 - 23.03 Ma Cenozoic
Indothais lacera species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Indothais : *Indothais lacera*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Nassarius (Zeuxis) concinnus species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Nassariidae : Nassarius : *Nassarius (Zeuxis) concinnus*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Tonna galea species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Tonnidae : Tonna : *Tonna galea*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Polystira albida species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Polystira : *Polystira albida*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Clanculus (Clanculus) pharaonius species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochidae : Clanculus : *Clanculus (Clanculus) pharaonius*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Erosaria spurca species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cypraeidae : Erosaria : *Erosaria spurca*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Cerithium atratum species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Cerithiidae : Cerithium : *Cerithium atratum*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Cerithium scabridum species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cerithiidae : Cerithium : *Cerithium scabridum*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Cerithium adansonii species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cerithiidae : Cerithium : *Cerithium adansonii*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Vasum turbinellus species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turbinellidae : Vasum : *Vasum turbinellus*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Turbo (Marmarostoma) radiatus species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turbinidae : Turbo : *Turbo (Marmarostoma) radiatus*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Conus arenatus species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus : *Conus arenatus*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Strombus (Conomurex) subgenus	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Strombidae : Strombus : *Strombus (Conomurex)*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Bufonaria (Bufonaria) thersites species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Bursidae : Bufonaria : *Bufonaria (Bufonaria) thersites*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Polinices mammilla species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Polinices : *Polinices mammilla*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Triplofusus giganteus species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Triplofusus : *Triplofusus giganteus*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) rostratum species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Cerithiidae : Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) : *Cerithium (Ptychocerithium) rostratum*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Terestrombus terebellatus species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Strombidae : Terestrombus : *Terestrombus terebellatus*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Myliobatis dixoni species	Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Myliobatiformes : Myliobatidae : Myliobatis : *Myliobatis dixoni*	66 - 56 Ma Paleocene
Conus nussatella species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus : *Conus nussatella*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Voluta rupestris species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : Voluta : *Voluta rupestris*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Eotorpedo hilgendorfi species	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Rajiformes : Torpedinidae : Eotorpedo : *Eotorpedo hilgendorfi*	66 - 56 Ma Paleocene
Cerithium caeruleum species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cerithiidae : Cerithium : *Cerithium caeruleum*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Saadanius hijazensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Saadaniidae : Saadanius : *Saadanius hijazensis*	33.9 - 23.03 Ma Cenozoic
Pleuroploca trapezium species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Pleuroploca : *Pleuroploca trapezium*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Aliculastrum cylindricum species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Haminoeidae : Aliculastrum : *Aliculastrum cylindricum*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Bolinus brandaris species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Bolinus : *Bolinus brandaris*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Rhinoclavis (Rhinoclavis) fasciata species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Cerithiidae : Rhinoclavis : *Rhinoclavis (Rhinoclavis) fasciata*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Congosaurus compressus species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Dyrosauridae : Congosaurus : *Congosaurus compressus*	66 - 56 Ma Paleocene
Monoplex aquatilis species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Ranellidae : Monoplex : *Monoplex aquatilis*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Filifusus filamentosus species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Filifusus : *Filifusus filamentosus*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Palaeopercichthys arabis species	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Perciformes : Serranidae : Palaeopercichthys : *Palaeopercichthys arabis*	66 - 56 Ma Paleocene
Latirus polygonus species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Latirus : *Latirus polygonus*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Bothriogenys fraasi species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Anthracotheriidae : Bothriogenys : *Bothriogenys fraasi*	33.9 - 23.03 Ma Cenozoic
Cypraea pantherina species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cypraeidae : Cypraea : *Cypraea pantherina*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Talparia talpa species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cypraeidae : Talparia : *Talparia talpa*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Mauritia grayana species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cypraeidae : Mauritia : *Mauritia grayana*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Rhinoclavis kochi species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Cerithiidae : Rhinoclavis : *Rhinoclavis kochi*	0.126 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene

Fossil Localities

Click to show 5 fossil localities

Saudi Arabia

Mecca Region

Other Databases

Wikipedia:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecca_Region
Wikidata ID:	Q234167
GeoNames ID:	104514

Localities in this Region

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

African Plate

Red SeaNarrow Rift
Red Sea basinBasin

Arabian PeninsulaPeninsula

Arabian PlateTectonic Plate

Arabian-Nubian ShieldShield

Arabian Plate

Arabian-Nubian Shield
- Afif TerraneVolcanic Arc
- Arabian ShieldShield
- Asir TerraneVolcanic Arc
- Jeddah TerraneVolcanic Arc

AsiaContinent

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Detailed Mineral List:

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List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

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Mecca Region, Saudi Arabia i
Regional Level Types
Mecca Region Region
Saudi Arabia Country