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Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Above Derwent, Allerdale, Cumbria, England, UK i
Regional Level Types
Force Crag Mine Mine (Abandoned)
Coledale Valley
Above Derwent Civil Parish
Allerdale District
Cumbria County
England Constituent Country
UK Country

Regional Level Types
Force Crag Mine	Mine (Abandoned)
Coledale	Valley
Above Derwent	Civil Parish
Allerdale	District
Cumbria	County
England	Constituent Country
UK	Country

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Inside High Level..

Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Above Derwent, Allerdale, Cumbria, England, UK

End of level...

Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Above Derwent, Allerdale, Cumbria, England, UK

End of level 2..

Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Above Derwent, Allerdale, Cumbria, England, UK

Inside High Level..

Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Above Derwent, Allerdale, Cumbria, England, UK

End of level...

Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Above Derwent, Allerdale, Cumbria, England, UK

End of level 2..

Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Above Derwent, Allerdale, Cumbria, England, UK

Inside High Level..

Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Above Derwent, Allerdale, Cumbria, England, UK

End of level...

Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Above Derwent, Allerdale, Cumbria, England, UK

Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):

54° 34' 59'' North , 3° 14' 16'' West

Latitude & Longitude (decimal):

54.58314,-3.23797

GRN:

N37W02

UK National Grid Reference:

NY200216

Type:

Mine (Abandoned) - last checked 2026

Köppen climate type:

Cfb : Temperate oceanic climate

Nearest Settlements:

Place	Population	Distance
Braithwaite	342 (2018)	3.7km
Portinscale	560 (2018)	5.3km
Keswick	4,281 (2018)	7.0km
Bassenthwaite	412 (2018)	11.1km
Cockermouth	9,146 (2018)	11.8km

Mindat Locality ID:

1468

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:2:1468:0

GUID (UUID V4):

Other/historical names associated with this locality:

North and Western Region; Cumberland; Force Craig Mine

The mineralised vein mined at Force Crag occupies a roughly E-W-trending, steeply dipping fault cutting through slates of the Ordovician Skiddaw Group. At Force Crag mine, the mineralisation was accessed from a series of levels (adits) numbered from 0 to 7 (from lowest to highest). Mining extended over a horizontal distance of ≈1.2 km and a vertical extent of ≈350 m. Various operators mined for lead at the site between 1839 and 1865, and then for barite and zinc periodically between 1867 and 1991, when the mine was finally abandoned. More than 60,000 tonnes of barite, 1248 tonnes of sphalerite, 624 tonnes of galena and 20,000 ounces of silver were extracted. It was the last working metal mine in the region (finally closed in 1991).

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.

Mineral List

41 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

ⓘ Slate

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Acanthite

Formula: Ag₂S

References:

Jarvis, Adam P., Catherine J. Gandy, and John A. Webb. 2023. "Controls on the Generation and Geochemistry of Neutral Mine Drainage: Evidence from Force Crag Mine, Cumbria, UK" Minerals 13, no. 5: 592. https://doi.org/10.3390/min13050592

Green, D.I., McCallum, D., Wood, M. (1997) Supergene Cu, Pb, Zn and Ag Minerals from Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Cumbria. UK Journal of Mines and Minerals 18, 10-14

Green, D.I., Bridges, T.F., Rumsey, M.S., Leppington, C.M., Tindle, A.G. (2008) A review of the mineralogy of the Roughton Gill Mines, Caldbeck Fells, Cumbria: Part 2 The Roughton Gill South Vein on Balliway Rigg. Journal of the Russell Society, 11. 3-28

ⓘ Anglesite

Formula: PbSO₄

References:

Green, D.I., McCallum, D., Wood, M. (1997) Supergene Cu, Pb, Zn and Ag Minerals from Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Cumbria. UK Journal of Mines and Minerals 18, 10-14

ⓘ Ankerite

Formula: Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂

References:

ⓘ Arsenopyrite

Formula: FeAsS

ⓘ Baryte

Formula: BaSO₄

References:

Young, B. & Cooper, A.H. (1988) The Geology and Mineralisation of Force Crag Mine, Cumbria. The Cumberland Geological Society, Proceedings: 5(1): 5-11.

Green, D.I., McCallum, D., Wood, M. (1997) Supergene Cu, Pb, Zn and Ag Minerals from Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Cumbria. UK Journal of Mines and Minerals 18, 10-14

ⓘ Bournonite

Formula: PbCuSbS₃

ⓘ Brochantite

Formula: Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆

References:

Green, D.I., McCallum, D., Wood, M. (1997) Supergene Cu, Pb, Zn and Ag Minerals from Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Cumbria. UK Journal of Mines and Minerals 18, 10-14

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

References:

ⓘ Cerussite

Formula: PbCO₃

References:

Hall, Townshend M. (1868) The Mineralogist's Directory: or, a guide to the Principal Mineral Localities in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Edward Stanford.

Palache, Charles; Berman, Harry; Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. John Wiley and Sons.

Young, B. & Cooper, A.H. (1988) The Geology and Mineralisation of Force Crag Mine, Cumbria. The Cumberland Geological Society, Proceedings: 5(1): 5-11.

Green, D.I., McCallum, D., Wood, M. (1997) Supergene Cu, Pb, Zn and Ag Minerals from Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Cumbria. UK Journal of Mines and Minerals 18, 10-14

ⓘ Chalcopyrite

Formula: CuFeS₂

References:

Young, B. & Cooper, A.H. (1988) The Geology and Mineralisation of Force Crag Mine, Cumbria. The Cumberland Geological Society, Proceedings: 5(1): 5-11.

ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'

References:

ⓘ Clinochlore

Formula: Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈

ⓘ Cordierite

Formula: Mg₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈

ⓘ Cuprite

Formula: Cu₂O

References:

Green, D.I., McCallum, D., Wood, M. (1997) Supergene Cu, Pb, Zn and Ag Minerals from Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Cumbria. UK Journal of Mines and Minerals 18, 10-14

ⓘ Dolomite

Formula: CaMg(CO₃)₂

References:

ⓘ Erythrite

Formula: Co₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O

References:

Hall, Townshend M. (1868) The Mineralogist's Directory: or, a guide to the Principal Mineral Localities in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Edward Stanford.

Kingsbury, Arthur W. G., Hartley, J. (1957) New occurrences of arseniosiderite. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 31 (237) 499-500 doi:10.1180/minmag.1957.031.237.12

Green, D.I., McCallum, D., Wood, M. (1997) Supergene Cu, Pb, Zn and Ag Minerals from Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Cumbria. UK Journal of Mines and Minerals 18, 10-14

ⓘ Ferrihydrite

Formula: Fe³⁺₁₀O₁₄(OH)₂

References:

ⓘ Fluorite

Formula: CaF₂

References:

Young, B. & Cooper, A.H. (1988) The Geology and Mineralisation of Force Crag Mine, Cumbria. The Cumberland Geological Society, Proceedings: 5(1): 5-11.

ⓘ Galena

Formula: PbS

References:

Young, B. & Cooper, A.H. (1988) The Geology and Mineralisation of Force Crag Mine, Cumbria. The Cumberland Geological Society, Proceedings: 5(1): 5-11.

Green, D.I., McCallum, D., Wood, M. (1997) Supergene Cu, Pb, Zn and Ag Minerals from Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Cumbria. UK Journal of Mines and Minerals 18, 10-14

ⓘ Goethite

Formula: Fe³⁺O(OH)

ⓘ Gypsum

Formula: CaSO₄ · 2H₂O

References:

ⓘ Hematite

Formula: Fe₂O₃

ⓘ Jarosite

Formula: KFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆

References:

ⓘ Langite

Formula: Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆ · 2H₂O

References:

Green, D.I., McCallum, D., Wood, M. (1997) Supergene Cu, Pb, Zn and Ag Minerals from Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Cumbria. UK Journal of Mines and Minerals 18, 10-14

ⓘ Lautenthalite

Formula: PbCu₄(SO₄)₂(OH)₆ · 3H₂O

References:

Green, D.I., McCallum, D., Wood, M. (1997) Supergene Cu, Pb, Zn and Ag Minerals from Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Cumbria. UK Journal of Mines and Minerals 18, 10-14

ⓘ Linarite

Formula: PbCu(SO₄)(OH)₂

References:

Green, D.I., McCallum, D., Wood, M. (1997) Supergene Cu, Pb, Zn and Ag Minerals from Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Cumbria. UK Journal of Mines and Minerals 18, 10-14

ⓘ Malachite

Formula: Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂

References:

Young, B. & Cooper, A.H. (1988) The Geology and Mineralisation of Force Crag Mine, Cumbria. The Cumberland Geological Society, Proceedings: 5(1): 5-11.

ⓘ Manganite

Formula: Mn³⁺O(OH)

References:

Hall, Townshend M. (1868) The Mineralogist's Directory: or, a guide to the Principal Mineral Localities in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Edward Stanford.

ⓘ Marcasite

Formula: FeS₂

ⓘ Melanterite

Formula: Fe²⁺(H₂O)₆(SO₄) · H₂O

References:

ⓘ Muscovite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite

Formula: K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂

ⓘ Native Antimony

Formula: Sb

ⓘ Native Silver

Formula: Ag

References:

Green, D.I., McCallum, D., Wood, M. (1997) Supergene Cu, Pb, Zn and Ag Minerals from Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Cumbria. UK Journal of Mines and Minerals 18, 10-14

ⓘ 'Ochre'

References:

ⓘ 'Psilomelane'

References:

Young, B. & Cooper, A.H. (1988) The Geology and Mineralisation of Force Crag Mine, Cumbria. The Cumberland Geological Society, Proceedings: 5(1): 5-11.

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

References:

Young, B. & Cooper, A.H. (1988) The Geology and Mineralisation of Force Crag Mine, Cumbria. The Cumberland Geological Society, Proceedings: 5(1): 5-11.

ⓘ Pyromorphite

Formula: Pb₅(PO₄)₃Cl

References:

Green, D.I., McCallum, D., Wood, M. (1997) Supergene Cu, Pb, Zn and Ag Minerals from Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Cumbria. UK Journal of Mines and Minerals 18, 10-14

Rust, Steve A. (2019) Minerals of the Frongoch Mine. Published by the author, 180 pages. ISBN 978-1-9162641-0-6.

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

References:

Green, D.I., McCallum, D., Wood, M. (1997) Supergene Cu, Pb, Zn and Ag Minerals from Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Cumbria. UK Journal of Mines and Minerals 18, 10-14

ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony

Formula: SiO₂

ⓘ Serpierite

Formula: Ca(Cu,Zn)₄(SO₄)₂(OH)₆ · 3H₂O

References:

Green, D.I., McCallum, D., Wood, M. (1997) Supergene Cu, Pb, Zn and Ag Minerals from Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Cumbria. UK Journal of Mines and Minerals 18, 10-14

ⓘ Siderite

Formula: FeCO₃

References:

Young, B. & Cooper, A.H. (1988) The Geology and Mineralisation of Force Crag Mine, Cumbria. The Cumberland Geological Society, Proceedings: 5(1): 5-11.

ⓘ Skutterudite

Formula: CoAs₃

References:

Hall, Townshend M. (1868) The Mineralogist's Directory: or, a guide to the Principal Mineral Localities in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Edward Stanford.

ⓘ Sphalerite

Formula: ZnS

References:

Hall, Townshend M. (1868) The Mineralogist's Directory: or, a guide to the Principal Mineral Localities in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Edward Stanford.

Young, B. & Cooper, A.H. (1988) The Geology and Mineralisation of Force Crag Mine, Cumbria. The Cumberland Geological Society, Proceedings: 5(1): 5-11.

Green, D.I., McCallum, D., Wood, M. (1997) Supergene Cu, Pb, Zn and Ag Minerals from Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Cumbria. UK Journal of Mines and Minerals 18, 10-14

ⓘ Stolzite ?

Formula: Pb(WO₄)

Description: Moulding et al. (2008): "Robert Philips Greg described "minute but measurable crystals, on macled crystals of black carbonate of lead from Force Craig lead mine near Keswick", and provided a chemical analysis and a crystal drawing to support his identification. Sir Arthur Russell (1944) cast doubt on the record following extensive research on the Allan-Greg collection, as it was not substantiated by either a specimen or a catalogue entry. His views are echoed by more recent workers (e.g. Cooper and Stanley, 1990)."

References:

Greg, Robert Philips, Lettsom, William G. (1858) Manual of the Mineralogy of Great Britain and Ireland. John Van Voorst, London.

Hall, Townshend M. (1868) The Mineralogist's Directory: or, a guide to the Principal Mineral Localities in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Edward Stanford.

Russell, Arthur (1944) Notes on some minerals either new or rare to Britain. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 27 (184) 1-10 doi:10.1180/minmag.1944.027.184.02

Kingsbury, A.W.G. and Hartley, J. (MS) (1951) New occurrences of rare minerals in the northern part of the English Lake District: part 1.

Cooper, M. P., Stanley, C. J. (1990) Minerals of the English Lake District - Caldbeck Fells. The Natural History Museum, London.

Moulding, D., Hooper, J., Green, D. I. (2008) Stolzite from Penberthy Croft Mine, St Hilary, Cornwall. Journal of the Russell Society, 11. The Russell Society . 88-90

ⓘ 'Tourmaline'

Formula: AD₃G₆(T₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃X₃Z

References:

Hall, Townshend M. (1868) The Mineralogist's Directory: or, a guide to the Principal Mineral Localities in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Edward Stanford.

ⓘ 'Wad'

References:

ⓘ 'White mica'

References:

ⓘ Wulfenite

Formula: Pb(MoO₄)

Gallery:

PbSⓘ Galena

Galena, etc.

Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Above Derwent, Allerdale, Cumbria, England, UK

Galena, etc.

Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Above Derwent, Allerdale, Cumbria, England, UK

Galena, etc.

Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Above Derwent, Allerdale, Cumbria, England, UK

PbCu(SO₄)(OH)₂ⓘ Linarite

Linarite, etc.

Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Above Derwent, Allerdale, Cumbria, England, UK

Linarite, etc.

Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Above Derwent, Allerdale, Cumbria, England, UK

Linarite, etc.

Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Above Derwent, Allerdale, Cumbria, England, UK

SiO₂ⓘ Quartz

Quartz, etc.

Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Above Derwent, Allerdale, Cumbria, England, UK

Quartz, etc.

Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Above Derwent, Allerdale, Cumbria, England, UK

Quartz, etc.

Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Above Derwent, Allerdale, Cumbria, England, UK

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘ	Native Silver	1.AA.05	Ag
ⓘ	Native Antimony	1.CA.05	Sb
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Acanthite	2.BA.35	Ag₂S
ⓘ	Sphalerite	2.CB.05a	ZnS
ⓘ	Chalcopyrite	2.CB.10a	CuFeS₂
ⓘ	Galena	2.CD.10	PbS
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
ⓘ	Marcasite	2.EB.10a	FeS₂
ⓘ	Arsenopyrite	2.EB.20	FeAsS
ⓘ	Skutterudite	2.EC.05	CoAs₃
ⓘ	Bournonite	2.GA.50	PbCuSbS₃
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘ	Fluorite	3.AB.25	CaF₂
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Cuprite	4.AA.10	Cu₂O
ⓘ	Hematite	4.CB.05	Fe₂O₃
ⓘ	Quartz var. Chalcedony	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ		4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	Goethite	4.FD.10	Fe³⁺O(OH)
ⓘ	Manganite	4.FD.15	Mn³⁺O(OH)
ⓘ	Ferrihydrite	4.FE.35	Fe³⁺₁₀O₁₄(OH)₂
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Siderite	5.AB.05	FeCO₃
ⓘ	Ankerite	5.AB.10	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	Dolomite	5.AB.10	CaMg(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	Cerussite	5.AB.15	PbCO₃
ⓘ	Malachite	5.BA.10	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘ	Anglesite	7.AD.35	PbSO₄
ⓘ	Baryte	7.AD.35	BaSO₄
ⓘ	Brochantite	7.BB.25	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆
ⓘ	Jarosite	7.BC.10	KFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
ⓘ	Linarite	7.BC.65	PbCu(SO₄)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Melanterite	7.CB.35	Fe²⁺(H₂O)₆(SO₄) · H₂O
ⓘ	Gypsum	7.CD.40	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
ⓘ	Langite	7.DD.10	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆ · 2H₂O
ⓘ	Serpierite	7.DD.30	Ca(Cu,Zn)₄(SO₄)₂(OH)₆ · 3H₂O
ⓘ	Lautenthalite	7.DF.70	PbCu₄(SO₄)₂(OH)₆ · 3H₂O
ⓘ	Stolzite ?	7.GA.05	Pb(WO₄)
ⓘ	Wulfenite	7.GA.05	Pb(MoO₄)
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘ	Pyromorphite	8.BN.05	Pb₅(PO₄)₃Cl
ⓘ	Erythrite	8.CE.40	Co₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Cordierite	9.CJ.10	Mg₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈
ⓘ	Muscovite var. Illite	9.EC.15	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
ⓘ		9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Clinochlore	9.EC.55	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Chlorite Group'	-
ⓘ	'Psilomelane'	-
ⓘ	'Tourmaline'	-	AD₃G₆(T₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃X₃Z
ⓘ	'Wad'	-
ⓘ	'Ochre'	-
ⓘ	'White mica'	-

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Brochantite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
H	ⓘ Erythrite	Co₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
H	ⓘ Ferrihydrite	Fe₁₀³⁺O₁₄(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
H	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
H	ⓘ Jarosite	KFe₃³⁺(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Langite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Lautenthalite	PbCu₄(SO₄)₂(OH)₆ · 3H₂O
H	ⓘ Linarite	PbCu(SO₄)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Manganite	Mn³⁺O(OH)
H	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Melanterite	Fe²⁺(H₂O)₆(SO₄) · H₂O
H	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Serpierite	Ca(Cu,Zn)₄(SO₄)₂(OH)₆ · 3H₂O
B	Boron
B	ⓘ Tourmaline	AD₃G₆(T₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃X₃Z
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Cerussite	PbCO₃
C	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
C	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Anglesite	PbSO₄
O	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
O	ⓘ Brochantite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Cerussite	PbCO₃
O	ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
O	ⓘ Cordierite	Mg₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈
O	ⓘ Cuprite	Cu₂O
O	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Erythrite	Co₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
O	ⓘ Ferrihydrite	Fe₁₀³⁺O₁₄(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
O	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
O	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
O	ⓘ Jarosite	KFe₃³⁺(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Langite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Lautenthalite	PbCu₄(SO₄)₂(OH)₆ · 3H₂O
O	ⓘ Linarite	PbCu(SO₄)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Manganite	Mn³⁺O(OH)
O	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Melanterite	Fe²⁺(H₂O)₆(SO₄) · H₂O
O	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Pyromorphite	Pb₅(PO₄)₃Cl
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Serpierite	Ca(Cu,Zn)₄(SO₄)₂(OH)₆ · 3H₂O
O	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
O	ⓘ Stolzite	Pb(WO₄)
O	ⓘ Tourmaline	AD₃G₆(T₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃X₃Z
O	ⓘ Wulfenite	Pb(MoO₄)
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
Mg	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
Mg	ⓘ Cordierite	Mg₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈
Mg	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
Al	ⓘ Cordierite	Mg₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈
Al	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
Si	ⓘ Cordierite	Mg₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈
Si	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Pyromorphite	Pb₅(PO₄)₃Cl
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Acanthite	Ag₂S
S	ⓘ Anglesite	PbSO₄
S	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
S	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
S	ⓘ Bournonite	PbCuSbS₃
S	ⓘ Brochantite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆
S	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
S	ⓘ Galena	PbS
S	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
S	ⓘ Jarosite	KFe₃³⁺(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
S	ⓘ Langite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆ · 2H₂O
S	ⓘ Lautenthalite	PbCu₄(SO₄)₂(OH)₆ · 3H₂O
S	ⓘ Linarite	PbCu(SO₄)(OH)₂
S	ⓘ Marcasite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Melanterite	Fe²⁺(H₂O)₆(SO₄) · H₂O
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Serpierite	Ca(Cu,Zn)₄(SO₄)₂(OH)₆ · 3H₂O
S	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Pyromorphite	Pb₅(PO₄)₃Cl
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
K	ⓘ Jarosite	KFe₃³⁺(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
K	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
Ca	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Serpierite	Ca(Cu,Zn)₄(SO₄)₂(OH)₆ · 3H₂O
Mn	Manganese
Mn	ⓘ Manganite	Mn³⁺O(OH)
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
Fe	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
Fe	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Ferrihydrite	Fe₁₀³⁺O₁₄(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
Fe	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
Fe	ⓘ Jarosite	KFe₃³⁺(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
Fe	ⓘ Marcasite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Melanterite	Fe²⁺(H₂O)₆(SO₄) · H₂O
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
Co	Cobalt
Co	ⓘ Erythrite	Co₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
Co	ⓘ Skutterudite	CoAs₃
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Bournonite	PbCuSbS₃
Cu	ⓘ Brochantite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆
Cu	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Cu	ⓘ Cuprite	Cu₂O
Cu	ⓘ Langite	Cu₄(SO₄)(OH)₆ · 2H₂O
Cu	ⓘ Lautenthalite	PbCu₄(SO₄)₂(OH)₆ · 3H₂O
Cu	ⓘ Linarite	PbCu(SO₄)(OH)₂
Cu	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
Cu	ⓘ Serpierite	Ca(Cu,Zn)₄(SO₄)₂(OH)₆ · 3H₂O
Zn	Zinc
Zn	ⓘ Serpierite	Ca(Cu,Zn)₄(SO₄)₂(OH)₆ · 3H₂O
Zn	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
As	Arsenic
As	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
As	ⓘ Erythrite	Co₃(AsO₄)₂ · 8H₂O
As	ⓘ Skutterudite	CoAs₃
Mo	Molybdenum
Mo	ⓘ Wulfenite	Pb(MoO₄)
Ag	Silver
Ag	ⓘ Acanthite	Ag₂S
Ag	ⓘ Native Silver	Ag
Sb	Antimony
Sb	ⓘ Native Antimony	Sb
Sb	ⓘ Bournonite	PbCuSbS₃
Ba	Barium
Ba	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
W	Tungsten
W	ⓘ Stolzite	Pb(WO₄)
Pb	Lead
Pb	ⓘ Anglesite	PbSO₄
Pb	ⓘ Bournonite	PbCuSbS₃
Pb	ⓘ Cerussite	PbCO₃
Pb	ⓘ Galena	PbS
Pb	ⓘ Lautenthalite	PbCu₄(SO₄)₂(OH)₆ · 3H₂O
Pb	ⓘ Linarite	PbCu(SO₄)(OH)₂
Pb	ⓘ Pyromorphite	Pb₅(PO₄)₃Cl
Pb	ⓘ Stolzite	Pb(WO₄)
Pb	ⓘ Wulfenite	Pb(MoO₄)

Geochronology

Mineralization age: Paleozoic : 367 Ma to 349 Ma

Important note: This table is based only on rock and mineral ages recorded on mindat.org for this locality and is not necessarily a complete representation of the geochronology, but does give an indication of possible mineralization events relevant to this locality. As more age information is added this table may expand in the future. A break in the table simply indicates a lack of data entered here, not necessarily a break in the geologic sequence. Grey background entries are from different, related, localities.

Geologic Time

Rocks, Minerals and Events

ⓘ Illite (youngest age)

349 Ma

Devonian

Late/Upper Devonian

ⓘ Illite (oldest age)

367 Ma

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

British and Irish IslesGroup of Islands

Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate

AvaloniaVolcanic Arc

EuropeContinent

England
- Cumbria
  - Lake District National ParkNational Park

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

[1]Jarvis, Adam P., Catherine J. Gandy, and John A. Webb. 2023. "Controls on the Generation and Geochemistry of Neutral Mine Drainage: Evidence from Force Crag Mine, Cumbria, UK" Minerals 13, no. 5: 592. https://doi.org/10.3390/min13050592

www.cumbriamining.plus.com (n.d.) http://www.cumbriamining.plus.com/force_crag.htm

Freeman, F.J.B. (1982) The geology and geochemistry of Force Crag Mine, Cumbria. Unpublished MSc thesis, Camborne School of Mines.

Young, B., Cooper, A.H. (1988) The Geology and Mineralisation of Force Crag Mine, Cumbria. Proceedings of the Cumberland Geological Society, 5(1), 5-11.

Green, D.I., McCallum, D., Wood, M. (1997) Supergene Cu, Pb, Zn and Ag Minerals from Force Crag Mine, Coledale, Cumbria. UK Journal of Mines and Minerals 18, 10-14

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