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Iodake (Iwodake; Ioudake), Satsuma-Ioujima (Satsuma-Iwojima; Iou island), Mishima village, Kagoshima District, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japani
Regional Level Types
Iodake (Iwodake; Ioudake)- not defined -
Satsuma-Ioujima (Satsuma-Iwojima; Iou island)Island
Mishima villageVillage
Kagoshima DistrictDistrict
Kagoshima PrefecturePrefecture
JapanCountry

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
30° North , 130° East (est.)
Estimate based on other nearby localities or region boundaries.
Margin of Error:
~1km
Köppen climate type:
Mindat Locality ID:
257490
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:257490:8
GUID (UUID V4):
0


Rhyolitic dome inside Kikai caldera, main volcano on island, well known for continuous degassing via low- and high-temperature fumaroles for at least the last thousand years. Once mined for sulfur and silica.

Beside the listed minerals, a number of minerals and synthetic species were experimentally deposited from fumarolic gas in silica tubes (Africano et al., 2002). These include: anglesite, aphthitalite, cassiterite, challacolloite-like phase, cotunnite, cristobalite, ferberite, halite, jarosite, hematite, hydroniumjarosite, magnetite, molybdenite, palmierite, pyrite, sylvite, thénardite, wulfenite, Unnamed (K-Fe-Pb chloride), Unnamed (K-Cs-Rb-Zn chloride), Unnamed (Rb-Zn chloride), Unnamed (K-Rb-Cs chloride), Unnamed (K-Rb-Zn chloride), Unnamed (K-Cd chloride), Unnamed (K-Cs-Zn chloride), Unnamed (K-Fe chloride), Unnamed (K-Zn chloride).

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Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

38 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Aegirine
Formula: NaFe3+Si2O6
Description: Green to dark-green elongated, sometimes acicular crystals of good luster and well-developed crystal tips. Common in high-temperature fumaroles in the vicinity of halite crystals, in the hotter, central parts of the fumaroles.
ⓘ Alunite
Formula: KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘ Anatase
Formula: TiO2
Description: Occurs in white clays around low-temperature fumaroles. The presence of this mineral is only known from its rather strong signal in Raman spectroscopy. Associated with cristobalite and opal.
ⓘ Anglesite
Formula: PbSO4
ⓘ Anhydrite
Formula: CaSO4
Description: Furs of millimeter-sized white elongated crystals in crevices of a altered tephra. Associated with opal.
ⓘ Aphthitalite
Formula: (K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
Habit: Massive crusts.
Colour: Gray to black.
Description: Solid gray to black crusts, water soluble. The dark color may be caused by finely dispersed molybdenite. Occurs in a zone where the bulk of the metal oxide and sulfide sublimates get deposited. Raman analysis of a black matrix with embedded tugarinovite crystals shows a curve that is a superposition of a molybdenite and aphthitalite patterns. Raman analysis done by Günter Frenz.
ⓘ Cassiterite
Formula: SnO2
ⓘ Challacolloite
Formula: KPb2Cl5
ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'
Colour: green
Description: Green euhedral elongated crystals inside matrix of crumbly silicified rocks around high-temperature fumaroles. SXRD by Uwe Kolitsch, NHM Vienna. SXRD: C mon, 9.72, 8.89, 5.30, 106.6 Large diopside component.
ⓘ Clinosulphur
Formula: S8
ⓘ 'Copiapite Group'
Colour: olive-green
Description: Olive-green pustules on reddish, crumbly rocks at the surface of high-temperature fumaroles. Raman analysis by Günter Frenz.
ⓘ 'Coquimbite Group'
Description: Sub-millimeter sized, yellow-white to white pustules, associated with copiapite at high-temperature fumaroles. Perhaps not formed as a sublimate but recrystallized from watery solutions of dissolved sublimates.
ⓘ Cotunnite
Formula: PbCl2
ⓘ Cristobalite
Formula: SiO2
Description: As component of opaline crusts, as major component in "clays" at fumarole fields, as rock-forming mineral in leached rocks composed of cristobalite and tridymite ("keiseki"). Minor component in silicified rocks at high-temperature fumaroles.
ⓘ Ferberite
Formula: FeWO4
ⓘ Ferrosilite
Formula: Fe2+2Si2O6
ⓘ 'Garnet Group'
Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3
Habit: Equant habit, typical, well-developed garnet crystals. Rhombic dodecahedra {110}, sometimes modified by {211}.
Colour: Orange, orange-yellow, green-brown.
Description: Small orange, yellow-orange and green-brown clear crystals with good vitreous luster. Well-developed and typical garnet-like crystal-shape with rhombic dodecahedra {110}, sometimes modified by {211}. Identified by Raman spectroscopy. Crystals occur in small groups inside high-temperature fumaroles associated with green pyroxenes. They can be seen in light-colored zones without sulfide and metal oxide sublimates. Raman analysis by Günter Frenz.
ⓘ Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
Colour: Colorless or white, but also intensely colored yellow, green or blue by impurities like molybdenum blue.
Description: Fibrous crusts in the vicinity of high temperature fumaroles. Colorless, white, but also colored yellow, green or blue (by molybdenum blue).
ⓘ Halite
Formula: NaCl
ⓘ Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
ⓘ Hydroniumjarosite
Formula: (H3O)Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘ Ilmenite
Formula: Fe2+TiO3
Description: Present in small amounts in Iodake rhyolite.
ⓘ Ilsemannite
Formula: Mo3O8 · nH2O
Colour: Blue
Description: Blue sublimates on rocks around high-temperature fumaroles at the summit crater, although never close to the vent of very high temperature fumaroles. More rarely embedded in thin opal crusts. Many specimens pale within a few days or weeks.
ⓘ Jarosite
Formula: KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘ Kaolinite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Description: In and on salt crusts and halite cubes in high temperature fumaroles. Tiny octahedal crystals. Also as tiny, black plates, associated with a red-brown, translucent mineral, possibly hematite. These crystals may look like iron roses, as if initially deposited hematite had been reduced to magnetite. Crystal flakes are attracted by a magnet, powder XRD confirms magnetite.
ⓘ Molybdenite
Formula: MoS2
ⓘ Molybdite
Formula: MoO3
ⓘ Native Sulphur
Formula: S8
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Description: Fumarolic deposits. In and around low-temperature fumaroles, forming thick crusts of massive sulfur that may cover large areas and look unsuspicious because of their dust-covered dark-gray surface. Also large soft sponge-like aggregates of small crystals. Sulphur nuggets in ravines. Skeltal crystals [111] of α-sulfur formed at temperatures below 95°C, almost colorless needles of β-sulphur around fumarole vents of higher tempertures. Massive stalactites. In and around the crater solidified molten sulfur. (Field observations, Amir Akhavan)
ⓘ Opal
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
Description: Crusts on altered rocks around fumaroles, often covering hundreds of square meters. Crusts can be several centimeters thick and are usually white or gray, sometimes reddish. They are mostly dull and only occasionally show vitreous luster and botryoidal habit typical for hyalite.
ⓘ Opal var. Opal-AG
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
Description: colorless crust
ⓘ Palmierite
Formula: K2Pb(SO4)2
ⓘ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
ⓘ Pyrrhotite
Formula: Fe1-xS
Description: Present in small amounts as tiny phenocrysts and globules in Iodake dacites and rhyolites.
ⓘ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Description: Rock-forming mineral found in altered rocks close to high temperature fumaroles, where it partially replaces tridymite and cristobalite that are typically found at lower temperature fumaroles. Also as tiny (sub-millimeter) crystals outlining cracks in partially altered volcanic rocks (rare).
ⓘ Roedderite
Formula: K(◻Na)Mg2Mg3[Si12O30]
Colour: Deep blue to blue-green
ⓘ Sassolite
Formula: H3BO3
Habit: Very thin and soft flakes.
Description: Can be found close to the vents of small low temperature fumaroles in the vicinity of high-temperature fumaroles as a white sublimate. Water-soluble, hence can only be found after several days with dry weather.
ⓘ Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
ⓘ 'Sulfurite'
Formula: S
Description: Small solidified sulfur flows (a few centimeters in length) of yellow, yellow-brown to orange color, close to fumaroles.
ⓘ Sylvite
Formula: KCl
ⓘ Thénardite
Formula: Na2SO4
ⓘ Tridymite
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Tugarinovite
Formula: MoO2
ⓘ 'Unnamed (Tl-Bi Sulphide)'
Formula: Tl-Bi-S
ⓘ 'Wollastonite Group'
Habit: Acicular, in small radially grown tufts or randomly intergrown.
Colour: Colorless
Description: Colorless needles, in small tufts and randomly intergrown. Associated with garnet and green pyroxenes in high temperature fumaroles in zones with little or no metal sulfide sublimate deposition. Possibly (but not yet confirmed analytically) also on crumbly red rocks from high-temperature fumaroles associated with sulfates (copiapite group). Raman analysis by Günter Frenz.
ⓘ Wulfenite
Formula: Pb(MoO4)

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘClinosulphur1.CC.S8
ⓘNative Sulphur1.CC.05S8
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘSphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
ⓘPyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
ⓘMolybdenite2.EA.30MoS2
ⓘPyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘHalite3.AA.20NaCl
ⓘSylvite3.AA.20KCl
ⓘChallacolloite3.AA.55KPb2Cl5
ⓘCotunnite3.AB.85PbCl2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘMagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘHematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
ⓘIlmenite4.CB.05Fe2+TiO3
ⓘQuartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘOpal4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘTridymite4.DA.10SiO2
ⓘOpal
var. Opal-AG
4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘCristobalite4.DA.15SiO2
ⓘCassiterite4.DB.05SnO2
ⓘTugarinovite4.DB.05MoO2
ⓘFerberite4.DB.30FeWO4
ⓘAnatase4.DD.05TiO2
ⓘMolybdite4.E0.10MoO3
ⓘIlsemannite4.FJ.15Mo3O8 · nH2O
Group 6 - Borates
ⓘSassolite6.AA.05H3BO3
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘAphthitalite7.AC.35(K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
ⓘThénardite7.AD.25Na2SO4
ⓘAnhydrite7.AD.30CaSO4
ⓘAnglesite7.AD.35PbSO4
ⓘPalmierite7.AD.40K2Pb(SO4)2
ⓘAlunite7.BC.10KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘHydroniumjarosite7.BC.10(H3O)Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘJarosite7.BC.10KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘGypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 · 2H2O
ⓘWulfenite7.GA.05Pb(MoO4)
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘRoedderite9.CM.05K(◻Na)Mg2Mg3[Si12O30]
ⓘFerrosilite9.DA.05Fe2+2Si2O6
ⓘAegirine9.DA.25NaFe3+Si2O6
ⓘKaolinite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Unclassified
ⓘ'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'-
ⓘ'Garnet Group'-X3Z2(SiO4)3
ⓘ'Copiapite Group'-
ⓘ'Sulfurite'-S
ⓘ'Wollastonite Group'-
ⓘ'Coquimbite Group'-
ⓘ'Unnamed (Tl-Bi Sulphide)'-Tl-Bi-S

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ Hydroniumjarosite(H3O)Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ IlsemanniteMo3O8 · nH2O
Hⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Hⓘ SassoliteH3BO3
Hⓘ Opal var. Opal-AGSiO2 · nH2O
BBoron
Bⓘ SassoliteH3BO3
OOxygen
Oⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Oⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ AnataseTiO2
Oⓘ AnglesitePbSO4
Oⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Oⓘ Aphthitalite(K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
Oⓘ CassiteriteSnO2
Oⓘ CristobaliteSiO2
Oⓘ FerberiteFeWO4
Oⓘ FerrosiliteFe22+Si2O6
Oⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Oⓘ Hydroniumjarosite(H3O)Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Oⓘ IlsemanniteMo3O8 · nH2O
Oⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ MolybditeMoO3
Oⓘ OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Oⓘ PalmieriteK2Pb(SO4)2
Oⓘ QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ RoedderiteK(◻Na)Mg2Mg3[Si12O30]
Oⓘ SassoliteH3BO3
Oⓘ ThénarditeNa2SO4
Oⓘ TridymiteSiO2
Oⓘ TugarinoviteMoO2
Oⓘ WulfenitePb(MoO4)
Oⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ Opal var. Opal-AGSiO2 · nH2O
NaSodium
Naⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Naⓘ Aphthitalite(K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
Naⓘ HaliteNaCl
Naⓘ RoedderiteK(◻Na)Mg2Mg3[Si12O30]
Naⓘ ThénarditeNa2SO4
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ RoedderiteK(◻Na)Mg2Mg3[Si12O30]
AlAluminium
Alⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Alⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
SiSilicon
Siⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Siⓘ CristobaliteSiO2
Siⓘ FerrosiliteFe22+Si2O6
Siⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Siⓘ QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ RoedderiteK(◻Na)Mg2Mg3[Si12O30]
Siⓘ TridymiteSiO2
Siⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ Opal var. Opal-AGSiO2 · nH2O
SSulfur
Sⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Sⓘ AnglesitePbSO4
Sⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Sⓘ Aphthitalite(K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
Sⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Sⓘ Hydroniumjarosite(H3O)Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Sⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Sⓘ MolybdeniteMoS2
Sⓘ PalmieriteK2Pb(SO4)2
Sⓘ PyriteFeS2
Sⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Sⓘ SphaleriteZnS
Sⓘ Native SulphurS8
Sⓘ ThénarditeNa2SO4
Sⓘ SulfuriteS
Sⓘ ClinosulphurS8
Sⓘ Unnamed (Tl-Bi Sulphide)Tl-Bi-S
ClChlorine
Clⓘ CotunnitePbCl2
Clⓘ HaliteNaCl
Clⓘ SylviteKCl
Clⓘ ChallacolloiteKPb2Cl5
KPotassium
Kⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Kⓘ Aphthitalite(K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
Kⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Kⓘ PalmieriteK2Pb(SO4)2
Kⓘ RoedderiteK(◻Na)Mg2Mg3[Si12O30]
Kⓘ SylviteKCl
Kⓘ ChallacolloiteKPb2Cl5
CaCalcium
Caⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Caⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
TiTitanium
Tiⓘ AnataseTiO2
Tiⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
FeIron
Feⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Feⓘ FerberiteFeWO4
Feⓘ FerrosiliteFe22+Si2O6
Feⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Feⓘ Hydroniumjarosite(H3O)Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Feⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Feⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Feⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ PyriteFeS2
Feⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
ZnZinc
Znⓘ SphaleriteZnS
MoMolybdenum
Moⓘ IlsemanniteMo3O8 · nH2O
Moⓘ MolybdeniteMoS2
Moⓘ MolybditeMoO3
Moⓘ TugarinoviteMoO2
Moⓘ WulfenitePb(MoO4)
SnTin
Snⓘ CassiteriteSnO2
WTungsten
Wⓘ FerberiteFeWO4
TlThallium
Tlⓘ Unnamed (Tl-Bi Sulphide)Tl-Bi-S
PbLead
Pbⓘ AnglesitePbSO4
Pbⓘ CotunnitePbCl2
Pbⓘ PalmieriteK2Pb(SO4)2
Pbⓘ WulfenitePb(MoO4)
Pbⓘ ChallacolloiteKPb2Cl5
BiBismuth
Biⓘ Unnamed (Tl-Bi Sulphide)Tl-Bi-S

Localities in this Region

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

Eurasian Plate
Okinawa PlateTectonic Plate

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