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Zandkopsdrift carbonatite complex, Kamiesberg Local Municipality, Namakwa District Municipality, Northern Cape, South Africai
Regional Level Types
Zandkopsdrift carbonatite complexComplex
Kamiesberg Local MunicipalityMunicipality
Namakwa District MunicipalityDistrict Municipality
Northern CapeProvince
South AfricaCountry

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
30° 51' 53'' South , 17° 58' 0'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
-30.86500,17.96667
GRN:
S21E11
Type:
Complex
Köppen climate type:
BWk : Cold desert climate
Mindat Locality ID:
446068
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:446068:1
GUID (UUID V4):
0


The Zandkopsdrift complex is an approximately 1 km diameter diatreme-like feature with a radiometric age of 55 ± 4.3 Ma. It is unusual among southern African carbonatite complexes (e.g., Phalaborwa, Spitzkop, Dicker Willem) in that it is associated with aillikite (a variety of carbonate-rich ultramafic lamprophyre containing phlogopite, olivine, spinel and, variably, clinopyroxene and Ti-rich garnet) and olivine melilitite rather than ijolite, pyroxenite and/or nepheline syenite.

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Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List


19 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ 'Allanite Group'
Formula: (A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘ 'Ancylite'
ⓘ Ankerite
Formula: Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
ⓘ 'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
ⓘ Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
ⓘ 'Bastnäsite'
Formula: (Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
ⓘ 'Belovite'
ⓘ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'
ⓘ Crandallite
Formula: CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
ⓘ Dolomite
Formula: CaMg(CO3)2
ⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite
Formula: Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
ⓘ 'Florencite'
ⓘ Fluorite
Formula: CaF2
ⓘ 'Glimmerite'
ⓘ Goethite
Formula: Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘ Goyazite
Formula: SrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
ⓘ Jeffbenite
Formula: Mg3Al2Si3O12
ⓘ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
ⓘ 'Melilite Group'
Formula: Ca2M(XSiO7)
ⓘ 'Monazite Group'
Formula: REE(PO4)
ⓘ Nepheline
Formula: Na3K(Al4Si4O16)
ⓘ 'Olivine Group'
Formula: M2SiO4
ⓘ Perovskite
Formula: CaTiO3
ⓘ Phlogopite
Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Group'
Formula: A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'
Formula: ADSi2O6
ⓘ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Sahamalite-(Ce)
Formula: (Mg,Fe)(Ce,La,Nd)2(CO3)4
ⓘ Siderite
Formula: FeCO3
ⓘ Spinel
Formula: MgAl2O4
ⓘ Vermiculite
Formula: Mg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
ⓘ Wollastonite
Formula: Ca3(Si3O9)

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 3 - Halides
ⓘFluorite3.AB.25CaF2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘGoethite4.00.Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘ'Pyrochlore Group'4.00.A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
ⓘMagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘSpinel4.BB.05MgAl2O4
ⓘMagnetite
var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite		4.BB.05Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
ⓘPerovskite4.CC.30CaTiO3
ⓘQuartz4.DA.05SiO2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘCalcite5.AB.05CaCO3
ⓘSiderite5.AB.05FeCO3
ⓘAnkerite5.AB.10Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
ⓘDolomite5.AB.10CaMg(CO3)2
ⓘvar. Iron-bearing Dolomite5.AB.10Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
ⓘSahamalite-(Ce)5.AD.05(Mg,Fe)(Ce,La,Nd)2(CO3)4
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘBaryte7.AD.35BaSO4
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘCrandallite8.BL.10CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
ⓘGoyazite8.BL.10SrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘJeffbenite9.AD.55Mg3Al2Si3O12
ⓘWollastonite9.DG.05Ca3(Si3O9)
ⓘPhlogopite9.EC.20KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘVermiculite9.EC.50Mg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
ⓘNepheline9.FA.05Na3K(Al4Si4O16)
Unclassified
ⓘ'Bastnäsite'-(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
ⓘ'Monazite Group'-REE(PO4)
ⓘ'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'-
ⓘ'Belovite'-
ⓘ'Ancylite'-
ⓘ'Pyroxene Group'-ADSi2O6
ⓘ'Florencite'-
ⓘ'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
ⓘ'Olivine Group'-M2SiO4
ⓘ'Melilite Group'-Ca2M(XSiO7)
ⓘ'Allanite Group'-(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘ'Glimmerite'-

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ CrandalliteCaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Hⓘ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Hⓘ GoyaziteSrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Hⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Hⓘ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Hⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Hⓘ Allanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
CCarbon
Cⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Cⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Cⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Cⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Cⓘ Sahamalite-(Ce)(Mg,Fe)(Ce,La,Nd)2(CO3)4
Cⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Cⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
OOxygen
Oⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Oⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Oⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Oⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Oⓘ CrandalliteCaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Oⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Oⓘ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Oⓘ GoyaziteSrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Oⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ Monazite GroupREE(PO4)
Oⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Oⓘ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Oⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Oⓘ QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ Sahamalite-(Ce)(Mg,Fe)(Ce,La,Nd)2(CO3)4
Oⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Oⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Oⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing MagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Oⓘ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Oⓘ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Oⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Oⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
Oⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Oⓘ Olivine GroupM2SiO4
Oⓘ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Oⓘ Allanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ JeffbeniteMg3Al2Si3O12
FFluorine
Fⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Fⓘ FluoriteCaF2
Fⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
NaSodium
Naⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Mgⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Mgⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Sahamalite-(Ce)(Mg,Fe)(Ce,La,Nd)2(CO3)4
Mgⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Mgⓘ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Mgⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
Mgⓘ JeffbeniteMg3Al2Si3O12
AlAluminium
Alⓘ CrandalliteCaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Alⓘ GoyaziteSrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Alⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Alⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Alⓘ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Alⓘ JeffbeniteMg3Al2Si3O12
SiSilicon
Siⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Siⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Siⓘ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Siⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Siⓘ Olivine GroupM2SiO4
Siⓘ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Siⓘ Allanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ JeffbeniteMg3Al2Si3O12
PPhosphorus
Pⓘ CrandalliteCaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Pⓘ GoyaziteSrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Pⓘ Monazite GroupREE(PO4)
Pⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
SSulfur
Sⓘ BaryteBaSO4
ClChlorine
Clⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
KPotassium
Kⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Kⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Caⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Caⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Caⓘ CrandalliteCaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Caⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Caⓘ FluoriteCaF2
Caⓘ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Caⓘ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Caⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
Caⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Caⓘ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
TiTitanium
Tiⓘ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Tiⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing MagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
FeIron
Feⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Feⓘ GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
Feⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ Sahamalite-(Ce)(Mg,Fe)(Ce,La,Nd)2(CO3)4
Feⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Feⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing MagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Feⓘ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Feⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
SrStrontium
Srⓘ GoyaziteSrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
YYttrium
Yⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
NbNiobium
Nbⓘ Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
BaBarium
Baⓘ BaryteBaSO4
LaLanthanum
Laⓘ Sahamalite-(Ce)(Mg,Fe)(Ce,La,Nd)2(CO3)4
CeCerium
Ceⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Ceⓘ Sahamalite-(Ce)(Mg,Fe)(Ce,La,Nd)2(CO3)4
NdNeodymium
Ndⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Ndⓘ Sahamalite-(Ce)(Mg,Fe)(Ce,La,Nd)2(CO3)4

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

AfricaContinent
African PlateTectonic Plate

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

[1]Ogungbuyi, P.I., Janney, P.E., Harris, C. (2022) Carbonatite, aillikite and olivine melilitite from Zandkopsdrift, Namaqualand, South Africa: Constraints on the origin of an unusual lamprophyre-dominated carbonatite complex and the nature of its mantle source. Lithos, 418. 106678pp. doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2022.106678
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