90 valid minerals. 7 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals. 3 (FRL) - first recorded locality of unapproved mineral/variety/etc. 2 erroneous literature entries.

Rock Types Recorded

Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

ⓘ 'Pegmatitic granite'

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Actinolite

Formula: ◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kristiansen, Roy (2000) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Tørdal: a progress report. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 17. 19-25

ⓘ Agakhanovite-(Y) (TL)

Formula: K◻₂(YCa)Be₃[Si₁₂O₃₀]

Type Locality:

References:

Williams, P. A., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2013) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2013. CNMNC Newsletter No 18. Mineralogical Magazine, 77 (8) 3249-3258 doi:10.1180/minmag.2013.077.8.15

Hawthorne, Frank C., Abdu, Yassir A., Ball, Neil A., Černý, Petr, Kristiansen, Roy (2014) Agakhanovite-(Y), ideally (YCa)◻₂KBe₃Si₁₂O₃₀, a new milarite-group mineral from the Heftetjern pegmatite, Tordal, Southern Norway: Description and crystal structure. American Mineralogist, 99 (10) 2084-2088 doi:10.2138/am-2014-4880

ⓘ Albite

Formula: Na(AlSi₃O₈)

Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.

ⓘ Albite var. Cleavelandite

Formula: Na(AlSi₃O₈)

Localities:

Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Bratterud pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase

Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]

Localities:

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Nordre Solberg, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase-Albite

Formula: Na(AlSi₃O₈)

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Bergstøl, S., Juve, Gunnar (1988) Scandian ixiolite, pyrochlore and bazzite in granite pegmatite in Tørdal, Telemark, Norway. A contribution to the mineralogy and geochemistry of scandium and tin. Mineralogy and Petrology, 38 (4) 229-243 doi:10.1007/bf01167090

ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)

Formula: (CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

Localities:

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: Metamict allanite forms several cm long aggregates of a peculiar herring-bone structure (Raade at al (1993).

ⓘ 'Allanite Group'

Formula: (A1²⁺REE³⁺)(M1³⁺M2³⁺M3²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

Localities:

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Nordre Solberg, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ Almandine

Formula: Fe²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃

Locality: Bratterud pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Wilhelmsen, Markus Nytun (2020) The scandium content of beryllium-bearing minerals and micas from Tørdal pegmatites and its genetic and economic implications. Master, University of Oslo.

ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'

Formula: AB₂C₅(T₈O₂₂)W₂

Locality: Kleppe Quarry, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Steffenssen, Georg Anthony Wangsmo (2018) The distribution and enrichment of scandium in garnets from the Tørdal pegmatites, and its economic implications. Master's thesis, University of Oslo.

ⓘ Anatase ?

Formula: TiO₂

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: Possible brookite (?) (Raade & Kristiansen (2000)

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kristiansen, Roy (2000) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Tørdal: a progress report. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 17. 19-25

ⓘ 'Apatite'

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃A

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kristiansen, Roy (2000) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Tørdal: a progress report. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 17. 19-25

ⓘ ~~Augite~~

Formula: (Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway - erroneously reported

Description: Erronously reported in Raade & Kristiansen (2000) (pers. comm. Roy Kristiansen mai 2009)

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kristiansen, Roy (2000) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Tørdal: a progress report. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 17. 19-25

ⓘ 'Axinite Group'

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: occurs in the border zone to the hosting rock

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Sæbø, Per Chr., Austrheim, Håkon, Kristiansen, Roy (1993) Kuliokite-(Y) and its alteration products kainosite-(Y) and kamphaugite-(Y) from granite pegmatite in Tordal, Norway. European Journal of Mineralogy, 5 (4) 691-698 doi:10.1127/ejm/5/4/0691

ⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce)

Formula: Ce(CO₃)F

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

ⓘ Bavenite ?

Formula: Ca₄Be₂Al₂Si₉O₂₆(OH)₂

Localities:

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway ? (more information)
~~Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway~~ (more information)

Habit: Fibrous

Colour: white

Description: secondary mineral formed after beryl as reported by Raade et al. (1993). May be Bohseite.

ⓘ Bazzite

Formula: Be₃Sc₂(Si₆O₁₈)

Localities:

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Habit: Imperfect plates, hexagonal prismatic crystals; needles

Colour: clear, skyblue, light blue

Description: Bazzite occurs as single xls, up to 3 cm, or as xline masses to 6-7 cm, mostly of deep blue to greenish blue colour. It occurs in massive quartz /feldspar or on the surface of yellow beryl, or masses associated with kristiansenite. The bazzite at Heftetjernite is almost always Cs-rich, and may attain up to ~9% Cs2O!

ⓘ Bazzite var. Caesian Bazzite

Formula: Be₃Sc₂(Si₆O₁₈)

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Habit: hexagonal, elongated; as imperfect plates; needles

Colour: clear, sky-blue

References:

Juve, G., Bergstøl, S. (1990) Caesian Bazzite in Granite pegmatite in Tørdal, Telemark, Norway. Mineralogy and Petrology, 43 (2) 131-136 doi:10.1007/bf01164306

ⓘ Bertrandite

Formula: Be₄(Si₂O₇)(OH)₂

Localities:

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ Beryl

Formula: Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)

Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.

ⓘ Beryl var. Morganite

Formula: Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Peter Andresen collection

ⓘ Beusite

Formula: Mn²⁺Mn²⁺₂ (PO₄)₂

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Raade, Gunnar (2007) Minerals of Norway- the (almost) complete inventory. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 35. 69-96

ⓘ 'Biotite'

Formula: K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂

Localities:

Kleppe Quarry, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Mjeltedalen pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ Bismoclite

Formula: BiOCl

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Habit: micalike

Colour: goldenbrown

Description: identified by EDS-SEM,Roy Kristiansen. Found on bismuth together with bismutite

References:

Kristiansen, Roy (2008) Nye mineralfunn i Norge. STEIN. Nordisk magasin for populær geologi, 35 (1) 17-21

ⓘ Bismutite

Formula: (BiO)₂CO₃

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Kristiansen, Roy (2008) Nye mineralfunn i Norge. STEIN. Nordisk magasin for populær geologi, 35 (1) 17-21

ⓘ Bohseite

Formula: Ca₄Be_3+xAl_1-xSi₉O_25-x(OH)_3+x

Localities:

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ Brookite

Formula: TiO₂

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: Possible anatase (?) (Raade & Kristiansen 2000)

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kristiansen, Roy (2000) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Tørdal: a progress report. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 17. 19-25

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

Localities:

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ Cascandite

Formula: CaScSi₃O₈(OH)

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: Cascandite occurs in light green, fibrous and porous masses 2–3 mm across consisting mostly of scandiobabingtonite, forming intimate fibrous intergrowths with scandiobabingtonite, with individual intergrowth zones exceeding 100 µm in length (Raade & Erambert 1999).

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Erambert, Muriel (1999) An intergrowth of scandiobabingtonite and cascandite from the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Norway. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Monatshefte, 1999 (12) 545-550

Eldjarn, Knut (2002) Seltene Scandium-mineralien von Tørdal, Telemark, Norwegen [Rare Scandium mineral from Tørdal, Telemark, Norway]. Mineralien Welt, 13 (2). 14-22

Nagashima, Mariko, Nishio-Hamane, Daisuke, Matsumoto, Takashi, Fukuda, Chihiro (2022) The Role of Scandium Substitution in Babingtonite Group Minerals. Minerals, 12 (3) 333 doi:10.3390/min12030333

NAGASHIMA, Mariko; NISHIO-HAMANE, Daisuke (2026) Crystal chemistry of uedaite-(Ce) from the Karasugawa mine, Fukushima, Japan, and the Heftetjern pegmatite, Norway. Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, 121 (1). p.n/a. doi:10.2465/jmps.260125

ⓘ Cassiterite

Formula: SnO₂

Localities:

Kleppsvatn, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ Cerianite-(Ce)

Formula: Ce⁴⁺O₂

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: Cerianite-(Ce) occure as an alteration product after monazite-(Ce), together with fluocerite-(Ce).

References:

Bergstøl, Sveinung, Jensen, Brenda B., Neumann, Henrich (1977) Tveitite, a new calcium yttrium fluoride. Lithos, 10 (1) 81-87 doi:10.1016/0024-4937(77)90033-0

ⓘ Cerussite

Formula: PbCO₃

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kristiansen, Roy (2000) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Tørdal: a progress report. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 17. 19-25

ⓘ Clinochlore

Formula: Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kristiansen, Roy (2000) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Tørdal: a progress report. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 17. 19-25

ⓘ Clinozoisite

Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Kristiansen, Roy (1998) Høydalen Li-pegmatitt, Tørdal, Telemark [Høydalen Li-pegmatite, Tørdal, Telemark]. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 14. 17-28

ⓘ Epidote

Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: At Heftetjern epidote goup minerals appear as mm-sized plate-like, transparent crystals in in aggregates, and in varying colours. Premlininary studies (SEM-EDS ; Franx Bernard, see Raade & Kristiansen (2000) revealed that these are scandian or cerian epidotes. Further studies showed that these are complex zonated, showing different chemistry of the epidote – allanite-(Ce) solid-solution series in the diffent zones in one single crystal. Epidote has been found identified from an in an aggregate of allanite-(Ce) from the Heftetjern pegmatite with domains of heflikite (Pieczka et al. 2024, Fig 1 (g).

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kristiansen, Roy (2000) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Tørdal: a progress report. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 17. 19-25 as cerian/scandian epidote

Kristiansen, Roy (2018) Nye mineralfunn fra Heftetjern-pegmatitten i Tørdal [New mineral discoveries from the Heftetjern pegmatite in Tørdal]. Norsk Mineralsymposium 2018, 79-92

Pieczka, Adam, Kristiansen, Roy, Stachowicz, Marcin, Dumańska-Słowik, Magdalena, Gołębiowska, Bożena, Sęk, Mateusz P., Nejbert, Krzysztof, Kotowski, Jakub, Marciniak-Maliszewska, Beata, Szuszkiewicz, Adam, et al. (2024) Heflikite, ideally Ca₂(Al₂Sc)(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH), the first scandium epidote-supergroup mineral from Jordanów Śląski, Lower Silesia, Poland and from Heftetjern, Tørdal, Norway. Mineralogical Magazine, 88 (3). 228-243 doi:10.1180/mgm.2023.98

ⓘ 'Epidote Group'

Formula: (A1²⁺A2²⁺)(M1³⁺M2³⁺M3³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Habit: Grey, Greyish-browb, reddish to brownish

Description: At Heftetjern epidote goup minerals appear as mm-sized plate-like, transparent crystals in in aggregates, and in varying colours. Premlininary studies revealed that these are scandian or cerian epidotes. They are complex zonated, showing different chemistry of the epidote – allanite-(Ce) solid-solution series in the diffent zones in one single crystal. Zonated crystals with 8,3 wt% Sc2O3 has been found.

References:

Kristiansen, Roy (2018) Nye mineralfunn fra Heftetjern-pegmatitten i Tørdal [New mineral discoveries from the Heftetjern pegmatite in Tørdal]. Norsk Mineralsymposium 2018, 79-92 as cerium-scandium-rike epidoter

ⓘ 'Epidote Supergroup'

Formula: (A1A2)(M1M2M3)O4[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O10

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: At Heftetjern Ce–La–enriched epidote-allanite minerals of Epidote supergroups occurs. Some are also enriched in Sc. They appear as well-formed mm-sized plate-like, transparent crystals often forming aggregates, and in varying colours. Premlininary studies revealed that these are scandian or cerian epidotes. Later studies showed these to be chemically zoned with considerable variation in the different zones also in one single crystals. Zonated crystals with 8,3 wt% Sc2O3 has been found. The new mineral heflikite was defined from one such crystal. Since it is visually impossible to distinguish heflikite from the allanites or epidotes found at Heftetjernin the small vugs, the best way of labelling these without any analysis is Epidote Supergroup.

References:

ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)

Formula: (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆

Localities:

Mjeltedalen pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

ⓘ 'Fergusonite'

Locality: Bratterud pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Wilhelmsen, Markus Nytun (2020) The scandium content of beryllium-bearing minerals and micas from Tørdal pegmatites and its genetic and economic implications. Master, University of Oslo.

ⓘ Fergusonite-(Y)

Formula: YNbO₄

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Habit: metamict irregular streaks several cm long

Colour: brown

References:

ⓘ Fersmite

Formula: CaNb₂O₆

Locality: Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Raade, Gunnar (1993) Fersmite from Skarsfjell, Tørdal. Mineralogisk-Geologisk Museum - Universitetet i Oslo - Interne notater, Geologisk Museums venner. 186-187

ⓘ Fluocerite-(Ce)

Formula: CeF₃

Localities:

Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ Fluorite

Formula: CaF₂

Localities:

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Våje, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: yttrian variety (Raade & Kristiansen (2000)

ⓘ Fluorite var. Yttrofluorite

Formula: (Ca_1-xY_x)F_2+x where 0.05 < x < 0.3

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: Usualy intimatly intergrown with fluocerite-(Ce).

References:

Sverdrup, Thor L. (1968) Yttrofluorite-yttrocerite-cerfluorite in Norwegian pegmatites. Contributions to the mineralogy of Norway, no. 37. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift [Norwegian Journal of Geology], 48 (4) 245-252

Steffenssen, Georg Anthony Wangsmo (2018) The distribution and enrichment of scandium in garnets from the Tørdal pegmatites, and its economic implications. Master's thesis, University of Oslo.

ⓘ Fluor-schorl

Formula: NaFe²⁺₃Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃F

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Colour: Dark olive brown green to bluish green

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kolitsch, Uwe (2016) Crystal chemistry of two tourmalines from Høydalen, Tørdal, Telemark, Norway. Norsk Mineralsymposium 2016, 21-31

ⓘ 'Gadolinite'

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

ⓘ 'Gadolinite Group'

Formula: A₂MQ₂Si₂O₈φ₂

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Kristiansen, Roy (2018) Nye mineralfunn fra Heftetjern-pegmatitten i Tørdal [New mineral discoveries from the Heftetjern pegmatite in Tørdal]. Norsk Mineralsymposium 2018, 79-92

ⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)

Formula: Y₂Fe²⁺Be₂Si₂O₁₀

Localities:

Storemyr 1 pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ Gahnite

Formula: ZnAl₂O₄

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: EDS-SEM identified

References:

Kristiansen, Roy (2009) A unique assemblage of Scandium-bearing minerals from the Heftetjern-pegmatite, Tørdal, south Norway. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 41. 75-104

ⓘ Galena

Formula: PbS

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kristiansen, Roy (2000) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Tørdal: a progress report. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 17. 19-25

ⓘ 'Garnet Group'

Formula: X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃

Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.

ⓘ Goethite

Formula: Fe³⁺O(OH)

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Kristiansen, Roy (1998) Høydalen Litium -pegmatitt-Tørdal i Telemark. STEIN. Nordisk magasin for populær geologi, 25 (4) 21-30

ⓘ Heflikite (TL)

Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlSc)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

Type Locality:

References:

Chukanov, Nikita V.; Zubkova, Natalia V.; Kasatkin, Anatoly V.; Pekov, Igor V.; Agakhanov, Atali A.; Yapaskurt, Vasiliy O.; Virus, Alla A.; Ksenofontov, Dmitry A.; Britvin, Sergey N. (2026) Partial Ordering of Cations by the Wolframite Mechanism Using Fe2+- and Sc-Dominant Minerals of the Columbite Supergroup as Examples. Minerals, 16 (5). p.536. doi:10.3390/min16050536

ⓘ Heftetjernite (TL)

Formula: ScTaO₄

Type Locality:

References:

Kristiansen, Roy (2009) A unique assemblage of Scandium-bearing minerals from the Heftetjern-pegmatite, Tørdal, south Norway. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 41. 75-104

Kolitsch, Uwe, Kristiansen, Roy, Raade, Gunnar, Tillmanns, Ekkehart (2010) Heftetjernite, a new scandium mineral from the Heftetjern pegmatite, Tordal, Norway. European Journal of Mineralogy, 22 (2) 309-316 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2010/0022-1987

Kristiansen, Roy (2010) Heftetjernitt og triklin titanitt fra Heftetjern i Tørdal. STEIN. Magasin for populærgeologi, 37 (4) 20-22

ⓘ Hellandite-(Y)

Formula: (Ca,REE)₄Y₂Al◻₂(B₄Si₄O₂₂) (OH)₂

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Habit: microcrystals

Colour: pale red

Description: in fluorite. A Mn-bearing (greater than 1 apfu) hellandite-(Y) occurs as pinkish yellow tiny granular crystals.

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kristiansen, Roy (2000) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Tørdal: a progress report. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 17. 19-25

Miyawaki, Ritsuro, Momma, Koichi, Yokoyama, Kazumi, Shigeoka, Masako, Matsubara, Satoshi, Ito, Miku, Nakai, Izumi, Kristiansen, Roy (2015) Mn-bearing hellandite-(Y) from Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Norway. The Canadian Mineralogist, 53 (2) 345-356 doi:10.3749/canmin.1400068

ⓘ Hellandite-(Y) var. Manganese-bearing Hellandite-(Y) (FRL)

Formula: Ca_1.34Mn_1.07Y_2.75Yb_0.38Al_0.92Fe_0.08Si₄B₄O_21.21(OH)_2.79

Type Locality:

Habit: granular crystals

Colour: Pinkish yellow

Description: Pinkish yellow granular crystals

References:

Kristiansen, Roy (2018) Nye mineralfunn fra Heftetjern-pegmatitten i Tørdal [New mineral discoveries from the Heftetjern pegmatite in Tørdal]. Norsk Mineralsymposium 2018, 79-92

ⓘ Helvine

Formula: Be₃Mn²⁺₄(SiO₄)₃S

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Habit: irregular masses several cm across; irregular grains

Colour: pinkish; deep brown-red

Description: Occurs as intimately intergrowth with light blue bazzite. Raade & Kristiansen 2000 found a scandian-rich helvite with up to 1,7 % Sc2O3

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kristiansen, Roy (2000) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Tørdal: a progress report. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 17. 19-25

Raade, Gunnar (2020) Helvine-group minerals from Norwegian granitic pegmatites and some other granitic rocks: Cases of significant Sc and Sn contents. The Canadian Mineralogist, 58 (3). 367-379 doi:10.3749/canmin.1900099

ⓘ Hematite

Formula: Fe₂O₃

Locality: Storemyr 3 pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Steffenssen, Georg Anthony Wangsmo (2018) The distribution and enrichment of scandium in garnets from the Tørdal pegmatites, and its economic implications. Master's thesis, University of Oslo.

ⓘ Hingganite-(Ce)

Formula: (Ce,REE)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: Small, white fanlike aggregates or massive aggregates < 1mm in diameter. Analysis showed it to be a Ca-bearing hellandite-(Ce) in intimately intergrowth with apatite

References:

Kristiansen, Roy (2018) Nye mineralfunn fra Heftetjern-pegmatitten i Tørdal [New mineral discoveries from the Heftetjern pegmatite in Tørdal]. Norsk Mineralsymposium 2018, 79-92

ⓘ Hingganite-(Y)

Formula: (Y,REE,Ca)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂

Localities:

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ Hydroxycalciomicrolite

Formula: Ca_1.5Ta₂O₆(OH)

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

ⓘ Ilmenite

Formula: Fe²⁺TiO₃

Localities:

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Colour: black

Description: Identified by EDS-SEM, Roy Kristiansen. As a intergrowth with cassiterite

ⓘ Ilmenite var. Manganese-bearing Ilmenite

Formula: (Fe,Mn)²⁺TiO₃

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Kristiansen, Roy (2009) A unique assemblage of Scandium-bearing minerals from the Heftetjern-pegmatite, Tørdal, south Norway. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 41. 75-104

ⓘ 'Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series'

Localities:

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Habit: The outline of the crystals being often rectangular or even square.

Description: up to 18,80 wt % Sc2O is reported. As up to 5mm large, black shiny cristals with a brownish tint.

ⓘ Ixiolite-(Sc) (TL)

Formula: (Ta_0.5Sc_0.5)O₂

Type Locality:

Habit: As anhedral crystals of 100–200 μm across in spherical to irregular aggregates up to 2–3 mm in size. Also reported as single rectangular or square crystal prisms with {100}, {001} and {010} forms up to 5 mm.

Colour: brownish-black

Description: up to 18,80 wt % Sc2O is reported. As up to 5mm large, black, shiny crystals with a weak brownish tint. Some crystals are partly altered to pyrochlore supergroup minerals.

References:

Bosi, Ferdinando; Hatert, Frédéric; Pasero, Marco; Mills, Stuart J. (2025) IMA Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC) – Newsletter 88. Mineralogical Magazine, 89. 1-11 doi:10.1180/mgm.2025.10183

Taddei, Alice; Holtstam, Dan; Kristiansen, Roy; Bindi, Luca (2026) Ixiolite-(Sc), (Ta0.5Sc0.5)O2, a new columbite-supergroup mineral from the Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Telemark, Norway. Mineralogical Magazine, 1-23 doi:10.1180/mgm.2026.10208

ⓘ Kainosite-(Y)

Formula: Ca₂Y₂(SiO₃)₄(CO₃) · H₂O

Localities:

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Habit: square prismatic crystals to 2mm long

Colour: colourless

Description: found in fluorite

ⓘ Kamphaugite-(Y)

Formula: Ca(Y,REE)(CO₃)₂(OH) · H₂O

Localities:

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway ? (more information)

Habit: Fine-grained alteration product.

Description: The most common alteration product of kuliokite-(Y).

ⓘ Keiviite-(Y)

Formula: Y₂Si₂O₇

Localities:

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Heftetjern 2, Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Bratterud pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ 'K Feldspar'

Localities:

Bratterud pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Mjeltedalen pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

✪ Kristiansenite (TL)

Formula: Ca₄(Sc₂Sn₂)[Si₂O₇]₂[Si₂O₆OH]₂

Type Locality:

Habit: Triclinic

Colour: Colourless, greyish, yellowish

References:

Ferraris, G., Gula, A., Ivaldi, G., Nespolo, Massimo, Raade, G. (2001) Crystal structure of kristiansenite: a case of class IIB twinning by metric merohedry. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 216 (8) doi:10.1524/zkri.216.8.442.20353

Raade, G., Ferraris, G., Gula, A., Ivaldi, G., Bernhard, F. (2002) Kristiansenite, a new calcium-scandium-tin sorosilicate from granite pegmatite in Tørdal, Telemark, Norway. Mineralogy and Petrology, 75 (1) 89-99 doi:10.1007/s007100200017

ⓘ Kuliokite-(Y)

Formula: Y₄Al(SiO₄)₂(OH)₂F₅

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Habit: Rough pseudomonoclinc crystals up to 3cm

Colour: white (altered); Unaltered: pink, vitreous to greasy lustre

Description: Always more or less altered to white pulvurent masses

References:

ⓘ Laumontite

Formula: CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

ⓘ Lepidocrocite

Formula: Fe³⁺O(OH)

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Kristiansen, Roy (1998) Høydalen Litium -pegmatitt-Tørdal i Telemark. STEIN. Nordisk magasin for populær geologi, 25 (4) 21-30

ⓘ 'Lepidolite'

Localities:

Bratterud pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ 'Limonite'

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Pers.commentary Roy Kristiansen mars 2004

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

Localities:

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Kleppe Quarry, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ Microcline

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

Localities:

Sjauset pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

Localities:

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Sjauset pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ 'Microlite Group'

Formula: A_2-mTa₂X_6-wZ_1-n

Localities:

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ 'Microlite Group var. Scandium Microlite (of Bergstøl & Juve)'

Formula: (Ca,Sc)₂(Ta,Nb)₂O₆F

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: Found in an altered area of an ixiolite.

References:

ⓘ Milarite

Formula: K(◻H₂O)Ca₂(Be₂Al)[Si₁₂O₃₀]

Localities:

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ Molybdenite

Formula: MoS₂

Localities:

Kleppe Quarry, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Storemyr 1 pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ Monazite-(Ce)

Formula: Ce(PO₄)

Localities:

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ 'Monazite Group'

Formula: REE(PO₄)

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

ⓘ Muscovite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

Localities:

Sjauset pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Bratterud pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite ?

Formula: K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂

Locality: Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Larsen, Alf Olav (1982) Mineralene i Skarsfjell pegmatittbrudd, Tørdal [The minerals of Skarsfjell pegmatite quarry, Tørdal]. Mineralogisk-Geologisk Museum - Universitetet i Oslo- Interne notater, Geologisk Museums venner. 101

ⓘ Muscovite var. Iron(II)-bearing muscovite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Rosing-Schow, Nanna, Müller, Axel, Friis, Henrik (2017) Composition and classification of mica from south Norwegian pegmatites, in PEG2017. 8th International Symposium on Granitic Pegmatites. NGF Abstracts and Proceedings of the Geological Society of Norway, 2017 (2) 111-114

ⓘ 'Muscovite-2M1'

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kolitsch, Uwe (2016) Crystal chemistry of two tourmalines from Høydalen, Tørdal, Telemark, Norway. Norsk Mineralsymposium 2016, 21-31

ⓘ 'Muscovite-3T'

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: Described as a brown to violet finegrained mica on a topaz crystal (Raade 1970)

References:

Raade, Gunnar (1970) 3T muscovite from Høydalen, Tørdal. Mineralogisk-Geologisk Museum - Universitetet i Oslo- Interne notater, Geologisk Museums venner. 30

ⓘ Native Bismuth

Formula: Bi

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Kristiansen, Roy (2008) Nye mineralfunn i Norge. STEIN. Nordisk magasin for populær geologi, 35 (1) 17-21

ⓘ Nontronite

Formula: Na_0.3Fe₂((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Kristiansen, Roy (2009) A unique assemblage of Scandium-bearing minerals from the Heftetjern-pegmatite, Tørdal, south Norway. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 41. 75-104

ⓘ Oftedalite (TL)

Formula: K◻₂(ScCa)Be₃[Si₁₂O₃₀]

Type Locality:

Habit: hexagonale prismatic xls showing {100} and {001}

Colour: greyish white

Description: Found in only one sample !

References:

Kristiansen, Roy (2005) Milarittgruppens mineraler i Norge [The minerals of the milarite group in Norway]. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 30. 21-29

Cooper, M. A., Hawthorne, F. C., Ball, N. A., Černý, Petr, Kristiansen, Roy (2006) Oftedalite, (ScCa)KBe3Si12O30, a new mineral species of the milarite group from the Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Norway: description and crystal structure. The Canadian Mineralogist, 44 (4) 943-949 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.44.4.943

ⓘ Opal

Formula: SiO₂ · nH₂O

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kristiansen, Roy (2000) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Tørdal: a progress report. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 17. 19-25

ⓘ Phenakite

Formula: Be₂SiO₄

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: Found on one specimen

References:

Knut Edvard Larsen collection # 291

Kristiansen, Roy (2009) A unique assemblage of Scandium-bearing minerals from the Heftetjern-pegmatite, Tørdal, south Norway. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 41. 75-104

ⓘ 'Plagioclase'

Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈

Localities:

Kleppe Quarry, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Mjeltedalen pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ Plattnerite

Formula: PbO₂

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Kristiansen, Roy (2017) Fire nye mineraler for Norge [Four new minerals for Norway]. STEIN. Magasin for populærgeologi, 44 (1) 24-27

ⓘ 'Plumbomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)'

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Habit: octahedral crystals to 1 mm, often in aggregates.

Colour: greenish to brownish

Description: The mineral is typically zoned and has a heterogeneous composition within each zone.

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kristiansen, Roy (2000) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Tørdal: a progress report. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 17. 19-25

Raade, Gunnar (2010) Plumbomicrolite from the Heftetjern granitic pegmatite, Tørdal, Telemark, south Norway. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 43. 21-28

ⓘ Polylithionite

Formula: KLi₂Al(Si₄O₁₀)(F,OH)₂

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

Localities:

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Group'

Formula: A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: Pyrochlore Group minerals occurs at Heftetjern mostly as metamict alterations of ixiolite. Bergstøl & Juve (1988) found a scandian yttropyrochlore.

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kristiansen, Roy (2000) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Tørdal: a progress report. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 17. 19-25

ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Group var. Yttropyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977)'

Formula: (Y,Na,Ca,U)_1-2(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂(O,OH)₇

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: Bergstøl & Juve (1988) found a scandian yttropyrochlore. As altered metamict product after ixiolite

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kristiansen, Roy (2000) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Tørdal: a progress report. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 17. 19-25

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.

ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

Localities:

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Mjeltedalen pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ ~~Rowlandite-(Y)~~

Formula: (Y,Ce)₄Fe²⁺(Si₂O₇)₂F₂ (?)

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway - erroneously reported

Habit: Platy

Colour: Greenish-brown

Description: Showed to be a zonated mixture of gadolinite-(Y) and hingganite-(Y) with inclusions of a OH-gadolinite. (Kristiansen 2018)

References:

Larsen, Knut Edvard (2017) Noen funn av mineraler i Norge 2016-2017 [Some discoveries of minerals in Norway 2016-2017]. STEIN. Magasin for populærgeologi, 44 (3) 4-14

Kristiansen, Roy (2018) Nye mineralfunn fra Heftetjern-pegmatitten i Tørdal [New mineral discoveries from the Heftetjern pegmatite in Tørdal]. Norsk Mineralsymposium 2018, 79-92

ⓘ Rutile

Formula: TiO₂

Localities:

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: scandian variety

ⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile

Formula: (Ti,Nb)O₂

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: scandian variety

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kristiansen, Roy (2000) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Tørdal: a progress report. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 17. 19-25

ⓘ Rutile var. Strüverite

Formula: (Ti,Ta,Fe)O₂

Locality: Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: Occure as mm sized ctystals.

References:

ⓘ Rynersonite

Formula: CaTa₂O₆

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Habit: rectangular plates or as rulershaped striated crystals < 1mm

Colour: dull yellow to colorless

Description: as alteration product after (scandian )ixiolite or on the surface of porous cassiterite Verified, EDS-SEM + cell-parameters (conf.Uwe Kolitsch, see Kristiansen (2008).

References:

Kristiansen, Roy (2008) Nye mineralfunn i Norge. STEIN. Nordisk magasin for populær geologi, 35 (1) 17-21

ⓘ Scandiobabingtonite

Formula: (Ca,Na)₂(Fe²⁺,Mn)(Sc,Fe³⁺)Si₅O₁₄(OH)

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Habit: fibrous and porous masses 2-3 mm across; blocky crystals

Colour: light green

Description: Intimate intergrowth with cascandite (Raade & Erambert (1999)

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kristiansen, Roy (2000) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Tørdal: a progress report. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 17. 19-25

Eldjarn, Knut (2002) Seltene Scandium-mineralien von Tørdal, Telemark, Norwegen [Rare Scandium mineral from Tørdal, Telemark, Norway]. Mineralien Welt, 13 (2). 14-22

ⓘ Schorl

Formula: NaFe²⁺₃Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)

Localities:

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Colour: Greyishblue with a thin brownishrim

Description: A scandian schörl (Kristiansen 2018)

ⓘ Siderophyllite

Formula: KFe²⁺₂Al(Al₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH)₂

Localities:

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Bratterud pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: Wilhelmsen (2020) anlyses a sample of Lithian siderophyllite.

ⓘ Siderophyllite var. Magnesium-bearing Siderophyllite

Formula: K(Fe²⁺,Mg)₂Al(Si₂Al₂)O₁₀(OH)₂

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: dark mica

References:

Rosing-Schow, Nanna, Müller, Axel, Friis, Henrik (2018) Glimmere i norske pegmatitter [Micas in Norwegian pegmatites]. Norsk Mineralsymposium 2018, 57-62

ⓘ 'Siderophyllite-Polylithionite Series'

Localities:

Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: dark mica, earlier classified as "zinnwaldite"

ⓘ Spessartine

Formula: Mn²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃

Localities:

Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ Sphalerite

Formula: ZnS

Locality: Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

ⓘ Stilpnomelane

Formula: K₄Fe²⁺₄₈[Si₆₄Al₈]O₁₆₄(OH)₅₂ · nH₂O

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kristiansen, Roy (2000) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Tørdal: a progress report. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 17. 19-25

ⓘ Synchysite-(Y)

Formula: CaY(CO₃)₂F

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Kristiansen, Roy (1998) Høydalen Litium -pegmatitt-Tørdal i Telemark. STEIN. Nordisk magasin for populær geologi, 25 (4) 21-30

ⓘ 'Tantalite'

Formula: (Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)₂O₆

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Kristiansen, Roy (1998) Høydalen Litium -pegmatitt-Tørdal i Telemark. STEIN. Nordisk magasin for populær geologi, 25 (4) 21-30

ⓘ Tantalite-(Fe)

Formula: Fe²⁺Ta₂O₆

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: scandian variety

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kristiansen, Roy (2000) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Tørdal: a progress report. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 17. 19-25

ⓘ Tengerite-(Y)

Formula: Y₂(CO₃)₃ · 2-3H₂O

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Kristiansen, Roy (1998) Høydalen Litium -pegmatitt-Tørdal i Telemark. STEIN. Nordisk magasin for populær geologi, 25 (4) 21-30

ⓘ Thalénite-(Y) ?

Formula: Y₃Si₃O₁₀F

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Kristiansen, Roy (1998) Høydalen Litium -pegmatitt-Tørdal i Telemark. STEIN. Nordisk magasin for populær geologi, 25 (4) 21-30

ⓘ Thorite

Formula: Th(SiO₄)

Localities:

Bratterud pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ Thorite var. Uranothorite

Formula: (Th,U)SiO₄

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Steffenssen, Georg Anthony Wangsmo (2018) The distribution and enrichment of scandium in garnets from the Tørdal pegmatites, and its economic implications. Master's thesis, University of Oslo.

ⓘ Thortveitite

Formula: Sc₂Si₂O₇

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

Knut Edvard Larsen collection & Roy Kristiansen collection

Kristiansen, Roy (2018) Nye mineralfunn fra Heftetjern-pegmatitten i Tørdal [New mineral discoveries from the Heftetjern pegmatite in Tørdal]. Norsk Mineralsymposium 2018, 79-92

ⓘ Titanite

Formula: CaTiO(SiO₄)

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: occurs with different colours and crystal habits A stannian variety exist. The titanites from Heftetjern is quite variable in composition, and some Sc-rich, but often with high Ta and Sn.

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kristiansen, Roy (2000) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Tørdal: a progress report. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 17. 19-25

ⓘ Titanite var. Triclinic Titanite (FRL)

Formula: CaTi(SiO₄)O

Type Locality:

References:

Lussier, A. J.

Cooper, M.A.

ⓘ Topaz

Formula: Al₂(SiO₄)(F,OH)₂

Localities:

Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ 'Tourmaline'

Formula: AD₃G₆(T₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃X₃Z

Localities:

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

ⓘ Trilithionite

Formula: K(Li_1.5Al_1.5)(AlSi₃O₁₀)(F,OH)₂

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

ⓘ Tveitite-(Y) (TL)

Formula: (Y, Na)₆Ca₆Ca₆(Ca,Na)F₄₂

Type Locality:

Description: The tveitite-(Y) from Høydalen is always intergrown with "yttrofluorite", with ca. 2/3 part tveitite-(Y) and ca.. 1/3 part "yttrofluorite".

References:

Bergstøl, Sveinung, Jensen, Brenda B., Neumann, Henrich (1977) Tveitite, a new calcium yttrium fluoride. Lithos, 10 (1) 81-87 doi:10.1016/0024-4937(77)90033-0

Greis, O. (1978) X-Ray Powder Investigations and Electron Diffraction from Single Crystals of Tveitite Ca113+δ(Y,RE)6-δF44-δ. Revue de Chimie Minérale, 15. 481

Bevan, D.J.M., Strähle, J., Greis, O. (1982) The crystal structure of tveitite, an ordered yttrofluorite mineral. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 44. 75-81 doi:10.1016/0022-4596(82)90402-9

Neumann, Henrich (1985) Norges Mineraler [The Minerals of Norway]. Norges geologiske Undersøkelse Skrifter Vol. 68. Universitetsforlaget p.51

ⓘ Uedaite-(Ce)

Formula: (Mn²⁺Ce)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Habit: Not very well developed elongated, prismatic crystals

Colour: Black

Description: Analyzed and verified at Tokyo University.

References:

Roy Kristiansen collection (photo-755017)

Kristiansen, Roy (2017) Fire nye mineraler for Norge [Four new minerals for Norway]. STEIN. Magasin for populærgeologi, 44 (1) 24-27

Kristiansen, Roy (2018) Nye mineralfunn fra Heftetjern-pegmatitten i Tørdal [New mineral discoveries from the Heftetjern pegmatite in Tørdal]. Norsk Mineralsymposium 2018, 79-92

ⓘ 'Unnamed (OH-analogue of Gadolinite-(Y))' (FRL)

Formula: (Y,Ca)₂(Fe,◻)Be₂Si₂O₈(OH,O)₂

Type Locality:

Habit: prismatic

Colour: light-green

References:

Chukanov, Nikita V., Aksenov, Sergey M., Rastsvetaeva, Ramiza K., Kristiansen, Roy, Pekov, Igor V., Belakovskiy, Dmitriy I., Van, Konstantin V., Bychkova, Yana V., Britvin, Sergey N. (2017) Crystal structure of the OH-dominant gadolinite-(Y) analogue (Y,Ca)₂(Fe,□)Be₂Si₂O₈(OH,O)₂ from Heftetjern pegmatite, Norway. Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials, 73 (5) 899-906 doi:10.1107/s2052520617006588

Kristiansen, Roy (2018) Nye mineralfunn fra Heftetjern-pegmatitten i Tørdal [New mineral discoveries from the Heftetjern pegmatite in Tørdal]. Norsk Mineralsymposium 2018, 79-92

ⓘ 'White mica'

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

References:

ⓘ Wodginite ?

Formula: Mn²⁺Sn⁴⁺Ta₂O₈

Locality: Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Habit: 0,05-0,37mm microscopic inclusions in cassiterite

Description: Electron microprobe analysis indicated wodginite or ixiolite. The materiale was not analyzed by XRD. Data in Raade et al. (1993). See also comment in Kvamsdal (2023).

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kristiansen, Roy (1983) Inneslutninger av wodginitt i kassiteritt fra Høydalen, Tørdal [Inclusions of wodginite in cassierite from Høydalen, Tørdal]. Mineralogisk-Geologisk Museum - Universitetet i Oslo- Interne notater, Geologisk Museums venner. 119-123

Kvamsdal, Lars Olav (2023) Norges mineraler [Minerals of Norway]. Lars O. Kvamsdal. p.1-477.p.100

ⓘ Xenotime-(Y)

Formula: Y(PO₄)

Localities:

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway ? (more information)

Description: Small, ca.2mm, pale green crystals have been found in "lepidolite"-masses.

ⓘ Yttrialite-(Y)

Formula: (Y,Th)₂Si₂O₇

References:

Nilssen, B. (1965): 4.1.1965. in Geologisk Museum. Interne notater 1961-1990. Published by Geologisk Museums Venner, Oslo 1991, p 14

ⓘ 'Yttrobetafite (of Hogarth 1977)'

Locality: Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: Bergstøl & Juve (1988) found an uranian yttrobetafite. As metamict alteration of ixiolite

References:

Raade, Gunnar, Kristiansen, Roy (2000) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Heftetjern granite pegmatite, Tørdal: a progress report. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 17. 19-25

ⓘ Yttrotantalite-(Y)

Formula: (Y,U,Fe²⁺)(Ta,Nb)(O,OH)₄

Localities:

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
~~Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway~~ (more information)

Description: Found in cleavelandite-quartz matrix

ⓘ 'Zinnwaldite'

Localities:

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Description: as an alteration product of garnet

ⓘ Zircon

Formula: Zr(SiO₄)

Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.

ⓘ Zircon var. Alvite

Formula: Zr(SiO₄)

Localities:

Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Gallery:

Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)ⓘ Beryl

Beryl, etc.

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Beryl, etc.

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Beryl

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Beryl, etc.

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Beryl, etc.

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Beryl

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Beryl, etc.

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Beryl, etc.

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)ⓘ Beryl var. Morganite

Morganite, etc.

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Morganite, etc.

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Morganite, etc.

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Morganite, etc.

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Morganite, etc.

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Morganite, etc.

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Morganite, etc.

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Morganite, etc.

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Ca₂Y₂(SiO₃)₄(CO₃) · H₂Oⓘ Kainosite-(Y)

Kainosite-(Y), etc.

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Kainosite-(Y), etc.

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Kainosite-(Y), etc.

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Kainosite-(Y), etc.

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Kainosite-(Y), etc.

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Kainosite-(Y), etc.

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Y₄Al(SiO₄)₂(OH)₂F₅ⓘ Kuliokite-(Y)

Kuliokite-(Y), etc.

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Kuliokite-(Y), etc.

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Kuliokite-(Y), etc.

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Ce(PO₄)ⓘ Monazite-(Ce)

Monazite-(Ce), etc.

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Monazite-(Ce), etc.

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Monazite-(Ce), etc.

Høydalen, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂ⓘ Muscovite

Muscovite

Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Muscovite

Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Muscovite

Skarsfjell pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Mn²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃ⓘ Spessartine

Spessartine

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Spessartine

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

Spessartine

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘ	Native Bismuth	1.CA.05	Bi
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Sphalerite	2.CB.05a	ZnS
ⓘ	Galena	2.CD.10	PbS
ⓘ	Molybdenite	2.EA.30	MoS₂
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘ	Fluorite	3.AB.25	CaF₂
ⓘ	var. Yttrofluorite	3.AB.25	(Ca_1-xY_x)F_2+x where 0.05 < x < 0.3
ⓘ	Tveitite-(Y) (TL)	3.AB.30	(Y, Na)₆Ca₆Ca₆(Ca,Na)F₄₂
ⓘ	Fluocerite-(Ce)	3.AC.15	CeF₃
ⓘ	Bismoclite	3.DC.25	BiOCl
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	'Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series'	4..
ⓘ	'Yttrobetafite (of Hogarth 1977)'	4..
ⓘ	'Microlite Group'	4.00.	A_2-mTa₂X_6-wZ_1-n
ⓘ	'Pyrochlore Group'	4.00.	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
ⓘ	'var. Yttropyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977)'	4.00.	(Y,Na,Ca,U)_1-2(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂(O,OH)₇
ⓘ	'Microlite Group var. Scandium Microlite (of Bergstøl & Juve)'	4.00.	(Ca,Sc)₂(Ta,Nb)₂O₆F
ⓘ	Gahnite	4.BB.05	ZnAl₂O₄
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Hematite	4.CB.05	Fe₂O₃
ⓘ	Ilmenite	4.CB.05	Fe²⁺TiO₃
ⓘ	var. Manganese-bearing Ilmenite	4.CB.05	(Fe,Mn)²⁺TiO₃
ⓘ	Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	var. Smoky Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	Opal	4.DA.10	SiO₂ · nH₂O
ⓘ	Cassiterite	4.DB.05	SnO₂
ⓘ	Rutile var. Ilmenorutile	4.DB.05	(Ti,Nb)O₂
ⓘ	Plattnerite	4.DB.05	PbO₂
ⓘ	Rutile	4.DB.05	TiO₂
ⓘ	var. Strüverite	4.DB.05	(Ti,Ta,Fe)O₂
ⓘ	Ixiolite-(Sc) (TL)	4.DB.25	(Ta_0.5Sc_0.5)O₂
ⓘ	Heftetjernite (TL)	4.DB.30	ScTaO₄
ⓘ	Tantalite-(Fe)	4.DB.35	Fe²⁺Ta₂O₆
ⓘ	Wodginite ?	4.DB.40	Mn²⁺Sn⁴⁺Ta₂O₈
ⓘ	Anatase ?	4.DD.05	TiO₂
ⓘ	Brookite	4.DD.10	TiO₂
ⓘ	Rynersonite	4.DF.05	CaTa₂O₆
ⓘ	Euxenite-(Y)	4.DG.05	(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆
ⓘ	Fersmite	4.DG.05	CaNb₂O₆
ⓘ	Yttrotantalite-(Y)	4.DG.10	(Y,U,Fe²⁺)(Ta,Nb)(O,OH)₄
ⓘ	'Plumbomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)'	4.DH.15
ⓘ	Hydroxycalciomicrolite	4.DH.15	Ca_1.5Ta₂O₆(OH)
ⓘ	Cerianite-(Ce)	4.DL.05	Ce⁴⁺O₂
ⓘ	Goethite	4.FD.10	Fe³⁺O(OH)
ⓘ	Lepidocrocite	4.FE.15	Fe³⁺O(OH)
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Cerussite	5.AB.15	PbCO₃
ⓘ	Bastnäsite-(Ce)	5.BD.20a	Ce(CO₃)F
ⓘ	Synchysite-(Y)	5.BD.20c	CaY(CO₃)₂F
ⓘ	Bismutite	5.BE.25	(BiO)₂CO₃
ⓘ	Tengerite-(Y)	5.CC.10	Y₂(CO₃)₃ · 2-3H₂O
ⓘ	Kamphaugite-(Y)	5.DC.10	Ca(Y,REE)(CO₃)₂(OH) · H₂O
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘ	Fergusonite-(Y)	7.GA.05	YNbO₄
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘ	Beusite	8.AB.20	Mn²⁺Mn²⁺₂ (PO₄)₂
ⓘ	Xenotime-(Y)	8.AD.35	Y(PO₄)
ⓘ	Monazite-(Ce)	8.AD.50	Ce(PO₄)
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Phenakite	9.AA.05	Be₂SiO₄
ⓘ	Almandine	9.AD.25	Fe²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	Spessartine	9.AD.25	Mn²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	Zircon var. Alvite	9.AD.30	Zr(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Thorite	9.AD.30	Th(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Zircon	9.AD.30	Zr(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Thorite var. Uranothorite	9.AD.30	(Th,U)SiO₄
ⓘ	Topaz	9.AF.35	Al₂(SiO₄)(F,OH)₂
ⓘ	Titanite	9.AG.15	CaTiO(SiO₄)
ⓘ	var. Triclinic Titanite (TL)	9.AG.15	CaTi(SiO₄)O
ⓘ	Kuliokite-(Y)	9.AG.50	Y₄Al(SiO₄)₂(OH)₂F₅
ⓘ	Gadolinite-(Y)	9.AJ.20	Y₂Fe²⁺Be₂Si₂O₁₀
ⓘ	Hingganite-(Ce)	9.AJ.20	(Ce,REE)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Hingganite-(Y)	9.AJ.20	(Y,REE,Ca)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	'Unnamed (OH-analogue of Gadolinite-(Y))' (TL)	9.AJ.20	(Y,Ca)₂(Fe,◻)Be₂Si₂O₈(OH,O)₂
ⓘ	Keiviite-(Y)	9.BC.05	Y₂Si₂O₇
ⓘ	Thortveitite	9.BC.05	Sc₂Si₂O₇
ⓘ	Yttrialite-(Y)	9.BC.05	(Y,Th)₂Si₂O₇
ⓘ	Kristiansenite (TL)	9.BC.30	Ca₄(Sc₂Sn₂)[Si₂O₇]₂[Si₂O₆OH]₂
ⓘ	Bertrandite	9.BD.05	Be₄(Si₂O₇)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Heflikite (TL)	9.BG.	(CaCa)(AlAlSc)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Uedaite-(Ce)	9.BG.05	(Mn²⁺Ce)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Clinozoisite	9.BG.05a	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Epidote	9.BG.05a	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Allanite-(Ce)	9.BG.05b	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Thalénite-(Y) ?	9.BJ.20	Y₃Si₃O₁₀F
ⓘ	Kainosite-(Y)	9.CF.10	Ca₂Y₂(SiO₃)₄(CO₃) · H₂O
ⓘ	Bazzite	9.CJ.05	Be₃Sc₂(Si₆O₁₈)
ⓘ	Beryl	9.CJ.05	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
ⓘ	var. Morganite	9.CJ.05	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
ⓘ	Bazzite var. Caesian Bazzite	9.CJ.05	Be₃Sc₂(Si₆O₁₈)
ⓘ	Fluor-schorl	9.CK.	NaFe²⁺₃Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃F
ⓘ	Schorl	9.CK.05	NaFe²⁺₃Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)
ⓘ	Agakhanovite-(Y) (TL)	9.CM.	K◻₂(YCa)Be₃[Si₁₂O₃₀]
ⓘ	Milarite	9.CM.05	K(◻H₂O)Ca₂(Be₂Al)[Si₁₂O₃₀]
ⓘ	Oftedalite (TL)	9.CM.05	K◻₂(ScCa)Be₃[Si₁₂O₃₀]
ⓘ	Augite ?	9.DA.15	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Actinolite	9.DE.10	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Bohseite	9.DF.	Ca₄Be_3+xAl_1-xSi₉O_25-x(OH)_3+x
ⓘ	Bavenite ?	9.DF.25	Ca₄Be₂Al₂Si₉O₂₆(OH)₂
ⓘ	Cascandite	9.DG.07	CaScSi₃O₈(OH)
ⓘ	Scandiobabingtonite	9.DK.05	(Ca,Na)₂(Fe²⁺,Mn)(Sc,Fe³⁺)Si₅O₁₄(OH)
ⓘ	Hellandite-(Y)	9.DK.20	(Ca,REE)₄Y₂Al◻₂(B₄Si₄O₂₂) (OH)₂
ⓘ	var. Manganese-bearing Hellandite-(Y) (TL)	9.DK.20	Ca_1.34Mn_1.07Y_2.75Yb_0.38Al_0.92Fe_0.08Si₄B₄O_21.21(OH)_2.79
ⓘ	Muscovite var. Illite ?	9.EC.15	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
ⓘ		9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	var. Iron(II)-bearing muscovite	9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Polylithionite	9.EC.20	KLi₂Al(Si₄O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
ⓘ	Siderophyllite	9.EC.20	KFe²⁺₂Al(Al₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Trilithionite	9.EC.20	K(Li_1.5Al_1.5)(AlSi₃O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
ⓘ	Siderophyllite var. Magnesium-bearing Siderophyllite	9.EC.20	K(Fe²⁺,Mg)₂Al(Si₂Al₂)O₁₀(OH)₂
ⓘ	Nontronite	9.EC.40	Na_0.3Fe₂((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
ⓘ	Clinochlore	9.EC.55	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
ⓘ	Stilpnomelane	9.EG.40	K₄Fe²⁺₄₈[Si₆₄Al₈]O₁₆₄(OH)₅₂ · nH₂O
ⓘ	Microcline var. Amazonite	9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ		9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Albite	9.FA.35	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	var. Oligoclase-Albite	9.FA.35	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	var. Oligoclase	9.FA.35	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
ⓘ	var. Cleavelandite	9.FA.35	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Helvine	9.FB.10	Be₃Mn²⁺₄(SiO₄)₃S
ⓘ	Laumontite	9.GB.10	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O
ⓘ	Rowlandite-(Y) ?	9.HG.20	(Y,Ce)₄Fe²⁺(Si₂O₇)₂F₂ (?)
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Amphibole Supergroup'	-	AB₂C₅(T₈O₂₂)W₂
ⓘ	'Biotite'	-	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
ⓘ	'Feldspar Group'	-
ⓘ	'Lepidolite'	-
ⓘ	'Limonite'	-
ⓘ	'Monazite Group'	-	REE(PO₄)
ⓘ	'Tantalite'	-	(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)₂O₆
ⓘ	'Tourmaline'	-	AD₃G₆(T₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃X₃Z
ⓘ	'Zinnwaldite'	-
ⓘ	'Epidote Supergroup'	-	(A1A2)(M1M2M3)O4[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O10
ⓘ	'Plagioclase'	-	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
ⓘ	'K Feldspar'	-
ⓘ	'Garnet Group'	-	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	'Gadolinite'	-
ⓘ	'Fergusonite'	-
ⓘ	'Apatite'	-	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
ⓘ	'Axinite Group'	-
ⓘ	'Muscovite-3T'	-	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	'Gadolinite Group'	-	A₂MQ₂Si₂O₈φ₂
ⓘ	'Muscovite-2M1'	-	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	'Siderophyllite-Polylithionite Series'	-
ⓘ	'Allanite Group'	-	(A1²⁺REE³⁺)(M1³⁺M2³⁺M3²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	'Epidote Group'	-	(A1²⁺A2²⁺)(M1³⁺M2³⁺M3³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	'White mica'	-

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Bavenite	Ca₄Be₂Al₂Si₉O₂₆(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Bertrandite	Be₄(Si₂O₇)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
H	ⓘ Cascandite	CaScSi₃O₈(OH)
H	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
H	ⓘ Clinozoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
H	ⓘ Hellandite-(Y)	(Ca,REE)₄Y₂Al◻₂(B₄Si₄O₂₂) (OH)₂
H	ⓘ Hingganite-(Ce)	(Ce,REE)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Hingganite-(Y)	(Y,REE,Ca)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
H	ⓘ Kainosite-(Y)	Ca₂Y₂(SiO₃)₄(CO₃) · H₂O
H	ⓘ Kamphaugite-(Y)	Ca(Y,REE)(CO₃)₂(OH) · H₂O
H	ⓘ Kuliokite-(Y)	Y₄Al(SiO₄)₂(OH)₂F₅
H	ⓘ Laumontite	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O
H	ⓘ Lepidocrocite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
H	ⓘ Milarite	K(◻H₂O)Ca₂(Be₂Al)[Si₁₂O₃₀]
H	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Nontronite	Na_0.3Fe₂((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
H	ⓘ Opal	SiO₂ · nH₂O
H	ⓘ Polylithionite	KLi₂Al(Si₄O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
H	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
H	ⓘ Schorl	NaFe₃²⁺Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)
H	ⓘ Siderophyllite	KFe₂²⁺Al(Al₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Stilpnomelane	K₄Fe₄₈²⁺[Si₆₄Al₈]O₁₆₄(OH)₅₂ · nH₂O
H	ⓘ Tengerite-(Y)	Y₂(CO₃)₃ · 2-3H₂O
H	ⓘ Topaz	Al₂(SiO₄)(F,OH)₂
H	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group var. Yttropyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977)	(Y,Na,Ca,U)_1-2(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂(O,OH)₇
H	ⓘ Yttrotantalite-(Y)	(Y,U,Fe²⁺)(Ta,Nb)(O,OH)₄
H	ⓘ Zinnwaldite
H	ⓘ Scandiobabingtonite	(Ca,Na)₂(Fe²⁺,Mn)(Sc,Fe³⁺)Si₅O₁₄(OH)
H	ⓘ Trilithionite	K(Li_1.5Al_1.5)(AlSi₃O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
H	ⓘ Kristiansenite	Ca₄(Sc₂Sn₂)[Si₂O₇]₂[Si₂O₆OH]₂
H	ⓘ Fluor-schorl	NaFe₃²⁺Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃F
H	ⓘ Uedaite-(Ce)	(Mn²⁺Ce)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Muscovite-3T	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Muscovite-2M1	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Bohseite	Ca₄Be_3+xAl_1-xSi₉O_25-x(OH)_3+x
H	ⓘ Hydroxycalciomicrolite	Ca_1.5Ta₂O₆(OH)
H	ⓘ Siderophyllite-Polylithionite Series
H	ⓘ Allanite Group	(A1²⁺REE³⁺)(M1³⁺M2³⁺M3²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Epidote Group	(A1²⁺A2²⁺)(M1³⁺M2³⁺M3³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Unnamed (OH-analogue of Gadolinite-(Y))	(Y,Ca)₂(Fe,◻)Be₂Si₂O₈(OH,O)₂
H	ⓘ Muscovite var. Iron(II)-bearing muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Siderophyllite var. Magnesium-bearing Siderophyllite	K(Fe²⁺,Mg)₂Al(Si₂Al₂)O₁₀(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Hellandite-(Y) var. Manganese-bearing Hellandite-(Y)	Ca_1.34Mn_1.07Y_2.75Yb_0.38Al_0.92Fe_0.08Si₄B₄O_21.21(OH)_2.79
H	ⓘ Heflikite	(CaCa)(AlAlSc)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Li	Lithium
Li	ⓘ Polylithionite	KLi₂Al(Si₄O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
Li	ⓘ Zinnwaldite
Li	ⓘ Trilithionite	K(Li_1.5Al_1.5)(AlSi₃O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
Li	ⓘ Siderophyllite-Polylithionite Series
Be	Beryllium
Be	ⓘ Bavenite	Ca₄Be₂Al₂Si₉O₂₆(OH)₂
Be	ⓘ Bazzite	Be₃Sc₂(Si₆O₁₈)
Be	ⓘ Bertrandite	Be₄(Si₂O₇)(OH)₂
Be	ⓘ Beryl	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
Be	ⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)	Y₂Fe²⁺Be₂Si₂O₁₀
Be	ⓘ Helvine	Be₃Mn₄²⁺(SiO₄)₃S
Be	ⓘ Hingganite-(Ce)	(Ce,REE)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂
Be	ⓘ Hingganite-(Y)	(Y,REE,Ca)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂
Be	ⓘ Milarite	K(◻H₂O)Ca₂(Be₂Al)[Si₁₂O₃₀]
Be	ⓘ Beryl var. Morganite	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
Be	ⓘ Phenakite	Be₂SiO₄
Be	ⓘ Oftedalite	K◻₂(ScCa)Be₃[Si₁₂O₃₀]
Be	ⓘ Bohseite	Ca₄Be_3+xAl_1-xSi₉O_25-x(OH)_3+x
Be	ⓘ Agakhanovite-(Y)	K◻₂(YCa)Be₃[Si₁₂O₃₀]
Be	ⓘ Unnamed (OH-analogue of Gadolinite-(Y))	(Y,Ca)₂(Fe,◻)Be₂Si₂O₈(OH,O)₂
Be	ⓘ Bazzite var. Caesian Bazzite	Be₃Sc₂(Si₆O₁₈)
B	Boron
B	ⓘ Hellandite-(Y)	(Ca,REE)₄Y₂Al◻₂(B₄Si₄O₂₂) (OH)₂
B	ⓘ Schorl	NaFe₃²⁺Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)
B	ⓘ Tourmaline	AD₃G₆(T₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃X₃Z
B	ⓘ Fluor-schorl	NaFe₃²⁺Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃F
B	ⓘ Hellandite-(Y) var. Manganese-bearing Hellandite-(Y)	Ca_1.34Mn_1.07Y_2.75Yb_0.38Al_0.92Fe_0.08Si₄B₄O_21.21(OH)_2.79
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce)	Ce(CO₃)F
C	ⓘ Bismutite	(BiO)₂CO₃
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Cerussite	PbCO₃
C	ⓘ Kainosite-(Y)	Ca₂Y₂(SiO₃)₄(CO₃) · H₂O
C	ⓘ Kamphaugite-(Y)	Ca(Y,REE)(CO₃)₂(OH) · H₂O
C	ⓘ Synchysite-(Y)	CaY(CO₃)₂F
C	ⓘ Tengerite-(Y)	Y₂(CO₃)₃ · 2-3H₂O
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Zircon var. Alvite	Zr(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅(T₈O₂₂)W₂
O	ⓘ Anatase	TiO₂
O	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Almandine	Fe₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce)	Ce(CO₃)F
O	ⓘ Bavenite	Ca₄Be₂Al₂Si₉O₂₆(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Bazzite	Be₃Sc₂(Si₆O₁₈)
O	ⓘ Bertrandite	Be₄(Si₂O₇)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Beusite	Mn²⁺Mn₂²⁺ (PO₄)₂
O	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
O	ⓘ Bismoclite	BiOCl
O	ⓘ Bismutite	(BiO)₂CO₃
O	ⓘ Brookite	TiO₂
O	ⓘ Beryl	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Cascandite	CaScSi₃O₈(OH)
O	ⓘ Cassiterite	SnO₂
O	ⓘ Cerianite-(Ce)	Ce⁴⁺O₂
O	ⓘ Cerussite	PbCO₃
O	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
O	ⓘ Clinozoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)	(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆
O	ⓘ Fergusonite-(Y)	YNbO₄
O	ⓘ Tantalite-(Fe)	Fe²⁺Ta₂O₆
O	ⓘ Fersmite	CaNb₂O₆
O	ⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)	Y₂Fe²⁺Be₂Si₂O₁₀
O	ⓘ Gahnite	ZnAl₂O₄
O	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
O	ⓘ Hellandite-(Y)	(Ca,REE)₄Y₂Al◻₂(B₄Si₄O₂₂) (OH)₂
O	ⓘ Helvine	Be₃Mn₄²⁺(SiO₄)₃S
O	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
O	ⓘ Hingganite-(Ce)	(Ce,REE)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Hingganite-(Y)	(Y,REE,Ca)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
O	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
O	ⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile	(Ti,Nb)O₂
O	ⓘ Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series
O	ⓘ Kainosite-(Y)	Ca₂Y₂(SiO₃)₄(CO₃) · H₂O
O	ⓘ Kamphaugite-(Y)	Ca(Y,REE)(CO₃)₂(OH) · H₂O
O	ⓘ Keiviite-(Y)	Y₂Si₂O₇
O	ⓘ Kuliokite-(Y)	Y₄Al(SiO₄)₂(OH)₂F₅
O	ⓘ Laumontite	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O
O	ⓘ Lepidocrocite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Milarite	K(◻H₂O)Ca₂(Be₂Al)[Si₁₂O₃₀]
O	ⓘ Monazite Group	REE(PO₄)
O	ⓘ Monazite-(Ce)	Ce(PO₄)
O	ⓘ Beryl var. Morganite	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
O	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Nontronite	Na_0.3Fe₂((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
O	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase-Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
O	ⓘ Opal	SiO₂ · nH₂O
O	ⓘ Phenakite	Be₂SiO₄
O	ⓘ Plattnerite	PbO₂
O	ⓘ Polylithionite	KLi₂Al(Si₄O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
O	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Rowlandite-(Y)	(Y,Ce)₄Fe²⁺(Si₂O₇)₂F₂ (?)
O	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
O	ⓘ Rynersonite	CaTa₂O₆
O	ⓘ Schorl	NaFe₃²⁺Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)
O	ⓘ Siderophyllite	KFe₂²⁺Al(Al₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Spessartine	Mn₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Stilpnomelane	K₄Fe₄₈²⁺[Si₆₄Al₈]O₁₆₄(OH)₅₂ · nH₂O
O	ⓘ Rutile var. Strüverite	(Ti,Ta,Fe)O₂
O	ⓘ Synchysite-(Y)	CaY(CO₃)₂F
O	ⓘ Tantalite	(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)₂O₆
O	ⓘ Tengerite-(Y)	Y₂(CO₃)₃ · 2-3H₂O
O	ⓘ Thalénite-(Y)	Y₃Si₃O₁₀F
O	ⓘ Thorite	Th(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Thortveitite	Sc₂Si₂O₇
O	ⓘ Titanite	CaTiO(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Topaz	Al₂(SiO₄)(F,OH)₂
O	ⓘ Tourmaline	AD₃G₆(T₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃X₃Z
O	ⓘ Wodginite	Mn²⁺Sn⁴⁺Ta₂O₈
O	ⓘ Xenotime-(Y)	Y(PO₄)
O	ⓘ Yttrialite-(Y)	(Y,Th)₂Si₂O₇
O	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group var. Yttropyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977)	(Y,Na,Ca,U)_1-2(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂(O,OH)₇
O	ⓘ Yttrotantalite-(Y)	(Y,U,Fe²⁺)(Ta,Nb)(O,OH)₄
O	ⓘ Zinnwaldite
O	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Epidote Supergroup	(A1A2)(M1M2M3)O4[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O10
O	ⓘ Scandiobabingtonite	(Ca,Na)₂(Fe²⁺,Mn)(Sc,Fe³⁺)Si₅O₁₄(OH)
O	ⓘ Trilithionite	K(Li_1.5Al_1.5)(AlSi₃O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
O	ⓘ Albite var. Cleavelandite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Thorite var. Uranothorite	(Th,U)SiO₄
O	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
O	ⓘ Garnet Group	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Kristiansenite	Ca₄(Sc₂Sn₂)[Si₂O₇]₂[Si₂O₆OH]₂
O	ⓘ Ilmenite var. Manganese-bearing Ilmenite	(Fe,Mn)²⁺TiO₃
O	ⓘ Oftedalite	K◻₂(ScCa)Be₃[Si₁₂O₃₀]
O	ⓘ Fluor-schorl	NaFe₃²⁺Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃F
O	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
O	ⓘ Uedaite-(Ce)	(Mn²⁺Ce)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Microlite Group var. Scandium Microlite (of Bergstøl & Juve)	(Ca,Sc)₂(Ta,Nb)₂O₆F
O	ⓘ Muscovite-3T	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Gadolinite Group	A₂MQ₂Si₂O₈φ₂
O	ⓘ Muscovite-2M1	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Heftetjernite	ScTaO₄
O	ⓘ Bohseite	Ca₄Be_3+xAl_1-xSi₉O_25-x(OH)_3+x
O	ⓘ Hydroxycalciomicrolite	Ca_1.5Ta₂O₆(OH)
O	ⓘ Agakhanovite-(Y)	K◻₂(YCa)Be₃[Si₁₂O₃₀]
O	ⓘ Siderophyllite-Polylithionite Series
O	ⓘ Allanite Group	(A1²⁺REE³⁺)(M1³⁺M2³⁺M3²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Epidote Group	(A1²⁺A2²⁺)(M1³⁺M2³⁺M3³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Titanite var. Triclinic Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
O	ⓘ Unnamed (OH-analogue of Gadolinite-(Y))	(Y,Ca)₂(Fe,◻)Be₂Si₂O₈(OH,O)₂
O	ⓘ Muscovite var. Iron(II)-bearing muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Siderophyllite var. Magnesium-bearing Siderophyllite	K(Fe²⁺,Mg)₂Al(Si₂Al₂)O₁₀(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Hellandite-(Y) var. Manganese-bearing Hellandite-(Y)	Ca_1.34Mn_1.07Y_2.75Yb_0.38Al_0.92Fe_0.08Si₄B₄O_21.21(OH)_2.79
O	ⓘ Bazzite var. Caesian Bazzite	Be₃Sc₂(Si₆O₁₈)
O	ⓘ Heflikite	(CaCa)(AlAlSc)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Ixiolite-(Sc)	(Ta_0.5Sc_0.5)O₂
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce)	Ce(CO₃)F
F	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
F	ⓘ Fluocerite-(Ce)	CeF₃
F	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
F	ⓘ Kuliokite-(Y)	Y₄Al(SiO₄)₂(OH)₂F₅
F	ⓘ Polylithionite	KLi₂Al(Si₄O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
F	ⓘ Rowlandite-(Y)	(Y,Ce)₄Fe²⁺(Si₂O₇)₂F₂ (?)
F	ⓘ Synchysite-(Y)	CaY(CO₃)₂F
F	ⓘ Thalénite-(Y)	Y₃Si₃O₁₀F
F	ⓘ Topaz	Al₂(SiO₄)(F,OH)₂
F	ⓘ Tveitite-(Y)	(Y, Na)₆Ca₆Ca₆(Ca,Na)F₄₂
F	ⓘ Fluorite var. Yttrofluorite	(Ca_1-xY_x)F_2+x where 0.05 < x < 0.3
F	ⓘ Zinnwaldite
F	ⓘ Trilithionite	K(Li_1.5Al_1.5)(AlSi₃O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
F	ⓘ Fluor-schorl	NaFe₃²⁺Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃F
F	ⓘ Microlite Group var. Scandium Microlite (of Bergstøl & Juve)	(Ca,Sc)₂(Ta,Nb)₂O₆F
F	ⓘ Siderophyllite-Polylithionite Series
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Na	ⓘ Nontronite	Na_0.3Fe₂((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
Na	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase-Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Na	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Na	ⓘ Schorl	NaFe₃²⁺Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)
Na	ⓘ Tveitite-(Y)	(Y, Na)₆Ca₆Ca₆(Ca,Na)F₄₂
Na	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group var. Yttropyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977)	(Y,Na,Ca,U)_1-2(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂(O,OH)₇
Na	ⓘ Scandiobabingtonite	(Ca,Na)₂(Fe²⁺,Mn)(Sc,Fe³⁺)Si₅O₁₄(OH)
Na	ⓘ Albite var. Cleavelandite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Na	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Na	ⓘ Fluor-schorl	NaFe₃²⁺Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃F
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Mg	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
Mg	ⓘ Siderophyllite var. Magnesium-bearing Siderophyllite	K(Fe²⁺,Mg)₂Al(Si₂Al₂)O₁₀(OH)₂
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Almandine	Fe₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Al	ⓘ Bavenite	Ca₄Be₂Al₂Si₉O₂₆(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Al	ⓘ Beryl	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
Al	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
Al	ⓘ Clinozoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Gahnite	ZnAl₂O₄
Al	ⓘ Hellandite-(Y)	(Ca,REE)₄Y₂Al◻₂(B₄Si₄O₂₂) (OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Kuliokite-(Y)	Y₄Al(SiO₄)₂(OH)₂F₅
Al	ⓘ Laumontite	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O
Al	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Milarite	K(◻H₂O)Ca₂(Be₂Al)[Si₁₂O₃₀]
Al	ⓘ Beryl var. Morganite	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
Al	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Nontronite	Na_0.3Fe₂((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
Al	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase-Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Al	ⓘ Polylithionite	KLi₂Al(Si₄O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Schorl	NaFe₃²⁺Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)
Al	ⓘ Siderophyllite	KFe₂²⁺Al(Al₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Spessartine	Mn₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Al	ⓘ Stilpnomelane	K₄Fe₄₈²⁺[Si₆₄Al₈]O₁₆₄(OH)₅₂ · nH₂O
Al	ⓘ Topaz	Al₂(SiO₄)(F,OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Zinnwaldite
Al	ⓘ Trilithionite	K(Li_1.5Al_1.5)(AlSi₃O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Albite var. Cleavelandite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Al	ⓘ Fluor-schorl	NaFe₃²⁺Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃F
Al	ⓘ Uedaite-(Ce)	(Mn²⁺Ce)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Muscovite-3T	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Muscovite-2M1	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Bohseite	Ca₄Be_3+xAl_1-xSi₉O_25-x(OH)_3+x
Al	ⓘ Siderophyllite-Polylithionite Series
Al	ⓘ Muscovite var. Iron(II)-bearing muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Siderophyllite var. Magnesium-bearing Siderophyllite	K(Fe²⁺,Mg)₂Al(Si₂Al₂)O₁₀(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Hellandite-(Y) var. Manganese-bearing Hellandite-(Y)	Ca_1.34Mn_1.07Y_2.75Yb_0.38Al_0.92Fe_0.08Si₄B₄O_21.21(OH)_2.79
Al	ⓘ Heflikite	(CaCa)(AlAlSc)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Zircon var. Alvite	Zr(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Almandine	Fe₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Bavenite	Ca₄Be₂Al₂Si₉O₂₆(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Bazzite	Be₃Sc₂(Si₆O₁₈)
Si	ⓘ Bertrandite	Be₄(Si₂O₇)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Si	ⓘ Beryl	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
Si	ⓘ Cascandite	CaScSi₃O₈(OH)
Si	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
Si	ⓘ Clinozoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)	Y₂Fe²⁺Be₂Si₂O₁₀
Si	ⓘ Hellandite-(Y)	(Ca,REE)₄Y₂Al◻₂(B₄Si₄O₂₂) (OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Helvine	Be₃Mn₄²⁺(SiO₄)₃S
Si	ⓘ Hingganite-(Ce)	(Ce,REE)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Hingganite-(Y)	(Y,REE,Ca)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Kainosite-(Y)	Ca₂Y₂(SiO₃)₄(CO₃) · H₂O
Si	ⓘ Keiviite-(Y)	Y₂Si₂O₇
Si	ⓘ Kuliokite-(Y)	Y₄Al(SiO₄)₂(OH)₂F₅
Si	ⓘ Laumontite	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O
Si	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Milarite	K(◻H₂O)Ca₂(Be₂Al)[Si₁₂O₃₀]
Si	ⓘ Beryl var. Morganite	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
Si	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Nontronite	Na_0.3Fe₂((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
Si	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase-Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Si	ⓘ Opal	SiO₂ · nH₂O
Si	ⓘ Phenakite	Be₂SiO₄
Si	ⓘ Polylithionite	KLi₂Al(Si₄O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Rowlandite-(Y)	(Y,Ce)₄Fe²⁺(Si₂O₇)₂F₂ (?)
Si	ⓘ Schorl	NaFe₃²⁺Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)
Si	ⓘ Siderophyllite	KFe₂²⁺Al(Al₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Spessartine	Mn₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Stilpnomelane	K₄Fe₄₈²⁺[Si₆₄Al₈]O₁₆₄(OH)₅₂ · nH₂O
Si	ⓘ Thalénite-(Y)	Y₃Si₃O₁₀F
Si	ⓘ Thorite	Th(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Thortveitite	Sc₂Si₂O₇
Si	ⓘ Titanite	CaTiO(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Topaz	Al₂(SiO₄)(F,OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Yttrialite-(Y)	(Y,Th)₂Si₂O₇
Si	ⓘ Zinnwaldite
Si	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Epidote Supergroup	(A1A2)(M1M2M3)O4[Si₂O₇][SiO₄]O10
Si	ⓘ Scandiobabingtonite	(Ca,Na)₂(Fe²⁺,Mn)(Sc,Fe³⁺)Si₅O₁₄(OH)
Si	ⓘ Trilithionite	K(Li_1.5Al_1.5)(AlSi₃O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Albite var. Cleavelandite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Thorite var. Uranothorite	(Th,U)SiO₄
Si	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Si	ⓘ Garnet Group	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Kristiansenite	Ca₄(Sc₂Sn₂)[Si₂O₇]₂[Si₂O₆OH]₂
Si	ⓘ Oftedalite	K◻₂(ScCa)Be₃[Si₁₂O₃₀]
Si	ⓘ Fluor-schorl	NaFe₃²⁺Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃F
Si	ⓘ Uedaite-(Ce)	(Mn²⁺Ce)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Muscovite-3T	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Gadolinite Group	A₂MQ₂Si₂O₈φ₂
Si	ⓘ Muscovite-2M1	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Bohseite	Ca₄Be_3+xAl_1-xSi₉O_25-x(OH)_3+x
Si	ⓘ Agakhanovite-(Y)	K◻₂(YCa)Be₃[Si₁₂O₃₀]
Si	ⓘ Siderophyllite-Polylithionite Series
Si	ⓘ Allanite Group	(A1²⁺REE³⁺)(M1³⁺M2³⁺M3²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Epidote Group	(A1²⁺A2²⁺)(M1³⁺M2³⁺M3³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Titanite var. Triclinic Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Si	ⓘ Unnamed (OH-analogue of Gadolinite-(Y))	(Y,Ca)₂(Fe,◻)Be₂Si₂O₈(OH,O)₂
Si	ⓘ Muscovite var. Iron(II)-bearing muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Siderophyllite var. Magnesium-bearing Siderophyllite	K(Fe²⁺,Mg)₂Al(Si₂Al₂)O₁₀(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Hellandite-(Y) var. Manganese-bearing Hellandite-(Y)	Ca_1.34Mn_1.07Y_2.75Yb_0.38Al_0.92Fe_0.08Si₄B₄O_21.21(OH)_2.79
Si	ⓘ Bazzite var. Caesian Bazzite	Be₃Sc₂(Si₆O₁₈)
Si	ⓘ Heflikite	(CaCa)(AlAlSc)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Beusite	Mn²⁺Mn₂²⁺ (PO₄)₂
P	ⓘ Monazite Group	REE(PO₄)
P	ⓘ Monazite-(Ce)	Ce(PO₄)
P	ⓘ Xenotime-(Y)	Y(PO₄)
P	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Galena	PbS
S	ⓘ Helvine	Be₃Mn₄²⁺(SiO₄)₃S
S	ⓘ Molybdenite	MoS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Bismoclite	BiOCl
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite	K(AlSi₃O₈)
K	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
K	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
K	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
K	ⓘ Milarite	K(◻H₂O)Ca₂(Be₂Al)[Si₁₂O₃₀]
K	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Polylithionite	KLi₂Al(Si₄O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
K	ⓘ Siderophyllite	KFe₂²⁺Al(Al₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Stilpnomelane	K₄Fe₄₈²⁺[Si₆₄Al₈]O₁₆₄(OH)₅₂ · nH₂O
K	ⓘ Zinnwaldite
K	ⓘ Trilithionite	K(Li_1.5Al_1.5)(AlSi₃O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
K	ⓘ Oftedalite	K◻₂(ScCa)Be₃[Si₁₂O₃₀]
K	ⓘ Muscovite-3T	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Muscovite-2M1	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Agakhanovite-(Y)	K◻₂(YCa)Be₃[Si₁₂O₃₀]
K	ⓘ Siderophyllite-Polylithionite Series
K	ⓘ Muscovite var. Iron(II)-bearing muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Siderophyllite var. Magnesium-bearing Siderophyllite	K(Fe²⁺,Mg)₂Al(Si₂Al₂)O₁₀(OH)₂
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ca	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Bavenite	Ca₄Be₂Al₂Si₉O₂₆(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Cascandite	CaScSi₃O₈(OH)
Ca	ⓘ Clinozoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ca	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ca	ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)	(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Fersmite	CaNb₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
Ca	ⓘ Hellandite-(Y)	(Ca,REE)₄Y₂Al◻₂(B₄Si₄O₂₂) (OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Hingganite-(Y)	(Y,REE,Ca)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Kainosite-(Y)	Ca₂Y₂(SiO₃)₄(CO₃) · H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Kamphaugite-(Y)	Ca(Y,REE)(CO₃)₂(OH) · H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Laumontite	CaAl₂Si₄O₁₂ · 4H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Milarite	K(◻H₂O)Ca₂(Be₂Al)[Si₁₂O₃₀]
Ca	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Ca	ⓘ Rynersonite	CaTa₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Synchysite-(Y)	CaY(CO₃)₂F
Ca	ⓘ Titanite	CaTiO(SiO₄)
Ca	ⓘ Tveitite-(Y)	(Y, Na)₆Ca₆Ca₆(Ca,Na)F₄₂
Ca	ⓘ Fluorite var. Yttrofluorite	(Ca_1-xY_x)F_2+x where 0.05 < x < 0.3
Ca	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group var. Yttropyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977)	(Y,Na,Ca,U)_1-2(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂(O,OH)₇
Ca	ⓘ Scandiobabingtonite	(Ca,Na)₂(Fe²⁺,Mn)(Sc,Fe³⁺)Si₅O₁₄(OH)
Ca	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Ca	ⓘ Kristiansenite	Ca₄(Sc₂Sn₂)[Si₂O₇]₂[Si₂O₆OH]₂
Ca	ⓘ Oftedalite	K◻₂(ScCa)Be₃[Si₁₂O₃₀]
Ca	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
Ca	ⓘ Microlite Group var. Scandium Microlite (of Bergstøl & Juve)	(Ca,Sc)₂(Ta,Nb)₂O₆F
Ca	ⓘ Bohseite	Ca₄Be_3+xAl_1-xSi₉O_25-x(OH)_3+x
Ca	ⓘ Hydroxycalciomicrolite	Ca_1.5Ta₂O₆(OH)
Ca	ⓘ Agakhanovite-(Y)	K◻₂(YCa)Be₃[Si₁₂O₃₀]
Ca	ⓘ Titanite var. Triclinic Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Ca	ⓘ Unnamed (OH-analogue of Gadolinite-(Y))	(Y,Ca)₂(Fe,◻)Be₂Si₂O₈(OH,O)₂
Ca	ⓘ Hellandite-(Y) var. Manganese-bearing Hellandite-(Y)	Ca_1.34Mn_1.07Y_2.75Yb_0.38Al_0.92Fe_0.08Si₄B₄O_21.21(OH)_2.79
Ca	ⓘ Heflikite	(CaCa)(AlAlSc)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Sc	Scandium
Sc	ⓘ Bazzite	Be₃Sc₂(Si₆O₁₈)
Sc	ⓘ Cascandite	CaScSi₃O₈(OH)
Sc	ⓘ Thortveitite	Sc₂Si₂O₇
Sc	ⓘ Scandiobabingtonite	(Ca,Na)₂(Fe²⁺,Mn)(Sc,Fe³⁺)Si₅O₁₄(OH)
Sc	ⓘ Kristiansenite	Ca₄(Sc₂Sn₂)[Si₂O₇]₂[Si₂O₆OH]₂
Sc	ⓘ Oftedalite	K◻₂(ScCa)Be₃[Si₁₂O₃₀]
Sc	ⓘ Microlite Group var. Scandium Microlite (of Bergstøl & Juve)	(Ca,Sc)₂(Ta,Nb)₂O₆F
Sc	ⓘ Heftetjernite	ScTaO₄
Sc	ⓘ Bazzite var. Caesian Bazzite	Be₃Sc₂(Si₆O₁₈)
Sc	ⓘ Heflikite	(CaCa)(AlAlSc)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Sc	ⓘ Ixiolite-(Sc)	(Ta_0.5Sc_0.5)O₂
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Anatase	TiO₂
Ti	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Ti	ⓘ Brookite	TiO₂
Ti	ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)	(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆
Ti	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Ti	ⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile	(Ti,Nb)O₂
Ti	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
Ti	ⓘ Rutile var. Strüverite	(Ti,Ta,Fe)O₂
Ti	ⓘ Titanite	CaTiO(SiO₄)
Ti	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group var. Yttropyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977)	(Y,Na,Ca,U)_1-2(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂(O,OH)₇
Ti	ⓘ Ilmenite var. Manganese-bearing Ilmenite	(Fe,Mn)²⁺TiO₃
Ti	ⓘ Titanite var. Triclinic Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Mn	Manganese
Mn	ⓘ Beusite	Mn²⁺Mn₂²⁺ (PO₄)₂
Mn	ⓘ Helvine	Be₃Mn₄²⁺(SiO₄)₃S
Mn	ⓘ Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series
Mn	ⓘ Spessartine	Mn₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Mn	ⓘ Tantalite	(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)₂O₆
Mn	ⓘ Wodginite	Mn²⁺Sn⁴⁺Ta₂O₈
Mn	ⓘ Scandiobabingtonite	(Ca,Na)₂(Fe²⁺,Mn)(Sc,Fe³⁺)Si₅O₁₄(OH)
Mn	ⓘ Ilmenite var. Manganese-bearing Ilmenite	(Fe,Mn)²⁺TiO₃
Mn	ⓘ Uedaite-(Ce)	(Mn²⁺Ce)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Mn	ⓘ Hellandite-(Y) var. Manganese-bearing Hellandite-(Y)	Ca_1.34Mn_1.07Y_2.75Yb_0.38Al_0.92Fe_0.08Si₄B₄O_21.21(OH)_2.79
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Fe	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Almandine	Fe₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Fe	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Fe	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Fe	ⓘ Tantalite-(Fe)	Fe²⁺Ta₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)	Y₂Fe²⁺Be₂Si₂O₁₀
Fe	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
Fe	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
Fe	ⓘ Hingganite-(Ce)	(Ce,REE)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Hingganite-(Y)	(Y,REE,Ca)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Fe	ⓘ Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series
Fe	ⓘ Lepidocrocite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Nontronite	Na_0.3Fe₂((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Rowlandite-(Y)	(Y,Ce)₄Fe²⁺(Si₂O₇)₂F₂ (?)
Fe	ⓘ Schorl	NaFe₃²⁺Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃(OH)
Fe	ⓘ Siderophyllite	KFe₂²⁺Al(Al₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Stilpnomelane	K₄Fe₄₈²⁺[Si₆₄Al₈]O₁₆₄(OH)₅₂ · nH₂O
Fe	ⓘ Rutile var. Strüverite	(Ti,Ta,Fe)O₂
Fe	ⓘ Tantalite	(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Yttrotantalite-(Y)	(Y,U,Fe²⁺)(Ta,Nb)(O,OH)₄
Fe	ⓘ Zinnwaldite
Fe	ⓘ Scandiobabingtonite	(Ca,Na)₂(Fe²⁺,Mn)(Sc,Fe³⁺)Si₅O₁₄(OH)
Fe	ⓘ Ilmenite var. Manganese-bearing Ilmenite	(Fe,Mn)²⁺TiO₃
Fe	ⓘ Fluor-schorl	NaFe₃²⁺Al₆(Si₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃(OH)₃F
Fe	ⓘ Uedaite-(Ce)	(Mn²⁺Ce)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Fe	ⓘ Siderophyllite-Polylithionite Series
Fe	ⓘ Unnamed (OH-analogue of Gadolinite-(Y))	(Y,Ca)₂(Fe,◻)Be₂Si₂O₈(OH,O)₂
Fe	ⓘ Siderophyllite var. Magnesium-bearing Siderophyllite	K(Fe²⁺,Mg)₂Al(Si₂Al₂)O₁₀(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Hellandite-(Y) var. Manganese-bearing Hellandite-(Y)	Ca_1.34Mn_1.07Y_2.75Yb_0.38Al_0.92Fe_0.08Si₄B₄O_21.21(OH)_2.79
Zn	Zinc
Zn	ⓘ Gahnite	ZnAl₂O₄
Zn	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
Y	Yttrium
Y	ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)	(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆
Y	ⓘ Fergusonite-(Y)	YNbO₄
Y	ⓘ Gadolinite-(Y)	Y₂Fe²⁺Be₂Si₂O₁₀
Y	ⓘ Hellandite-(Y)	(Ca,REE)₄Y₂Al◻₂(B₄Si₄O₂₂) (OH)₂
Y	ⓘ Hingganite-(Y)	(Y,REE,Ca)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂
Y	ⓘ Kainosite-(Y)	Ca₂Y₂(SiO₃)₄(CO₃) · H₂O
Y	ⓘ Kamphaugite-(Y)	Ca(Y,REE)(CO₃)₂(OH) · H₂O
Y	ⓘ Keiviite-(Y)	Y₂Si₂O₇
Y	ⓘ Kuliokite-(Y)	Y₄Al(SiO₄)₂(OH)₂F₅
Y	ⓘ Rowlandite-(Y)	(Y,Ce)₄Fe²⁺(Si₂O₇)₂F₂ (?)
Y	ⓘ Synchysite-(Y)	CaY(CO₃)₂F
Y	ⓘ Tengerite-(Y)	Y₂(CO₃)₃ · 2-3H₂O
Y	ⓘ Thalénite-(Y)	Y₃Si₃O₁₀F
Y	ⓘ Tveitite-(Y)	(Y, Na)₆Ca₆Ca₆(Ca,Na)F₄₂
Y	ⓘ Xenotime-(Y)	Y(PO₄)
Y	ⓘ Yttrialite-(Y)	(Y,Th)₂Si₂O₇
Y	ⓘ Fluorite var. Yttrofluorite	(Ca_1-xY_x)F_2+x where 0.05 < x < 0.3
Y	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group var. Yttropyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977)	(Y,Na,Ca,U)_1-2(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂(O,OH)₇
Y	ⓘ Yttrotantalite-(Y)	(Y,U,Fe²⁺)(Ta,Nb)(O,OH)₄
Y	ⓘ Agakhanovite-(Y)	K◻₂(YCa)Be₃[Si₁₂O₃₀]
Y	ⓘ Unnamed (OH-analogue of Gadolinite-(Y))	(Y,Ca)₂(Fe,◻)Be₂Si₂O₈(OH,O)₂
Y	ⓘ Hellandite-(Y) var. Manganese-bearing Hellandite-(Y)	Ca_1.34Mn_1.07Y_2.75Yb_0.38Al_0.92Fe_0.08Si₄B₄O_21.21(OH)_2.79
Zr	Zirconium
Zr	ⓘ Zircon var. Alvite	Zr(SiO₄)
Zr	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Nb	Niobium
Nb	ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)	(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆
Nb	ⓘ Fergusonite-(Y)	YNbO₄
Nb	ⓘ Fersmite	CaNb₂O₆
Nb	ⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile	(Ti,Nb)O₂
Nb	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
Nb	ⓘ Tantalite	(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)₂O₆
Nb	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group var. Yttropyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977)	(Y,Na,Ca,U)_1-2(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂(O,OH)₇
Nb	ⓘ Yttrotantalite-(Y)	(Y,U,Fe²⁺)(Ta,Nb)(O,OH)₄
Nb	ⓘ Microlite Group var. Scandium Microlite (of Bergstøl & Juve)	(Ca,Sc)₂(Ta,Nb)₂O₆F
Mo	Molybdenum
Mo	ⓘ Molybdenite	MoS₂
Sn	Tin
Sn	ⓘ Cassiterite	SnO₂
Sn	ⓘ Wodginite	Mn²⁺Sn⁴⁺Ta₂O₈
Sn	ⓘ Kristiansenite	Ca₄(Sc₂Sn₂)[Si₂O₇]₂[Si₂O₆OH]₂
Ce	Cerium
Ce	ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)	(CaCe)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ce	ⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce)	Ce(CO₃)F
Ce	ⓘ Cerianite-(Ce)	Ce⁴⁺O₂
Ce	ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)	(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆
Ce	ⓘ Fluocerite-(Ce)	CeF₃
Ce	ⓘ Hingganite-(Ce)	(Ce,REE)₂(◻,Fe²⁺)Be₂[SiO₄]₂(OH)₂
Ce	ⓘ Monazite-(Ce)	Ce(PO₄)
Ce	ⓘ Rowlandite-(Y)	(Y,Ce)₄Fe²⁺(Si₂O₇)₂F₂ (?)
Ce	ⓘ Uedaite-(Ce)	(Mn²⁺Ce)(AlAlFe²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Yb	Ytterbium
Yb	ⓘ Hellandite-(Y) var. Manganese-bearing Hellandite-(Y)	Ca_1.34Mn_1.07Y_2.75Yb_0.38Al_0.92Fe_0.08Si₄B₄O_21.21(OH)_2.79
Ta	Tantalum
Ta	ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)	(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆
Ta	ⓘ Tantalite-(Fe)	Fe²⁺Ta₂O₆
Ta	ⓘ Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series
Ta	ⓘ Microlite Group	A_2-mTa₂X_6-wZ_1-n
Ta	ⓘ Rynersonite	CaTa₂O₆
Ta	ⓘ Rutile var. Strüverite	(Ti,Ta,Fe)O₂
Ta	ⓘ Tantalite	(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)₂O₆
Ta	ⓘ Wodginite	Mn²⁺Sn⁴⁺Ta₂O₈
Ta	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group var. Yttropyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977)	(Y,Na,Ca,U)_1-2(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂(O,OH)₇
Ta	ⓘ Yttrotantalite-(Y)	(Y,U,Fe²⁺)(Ta,Nb)(O,OH)₄
Ta	ⓘ Microlite Group var. Scandium Microlite (of Bergstøl & Juve)	(Ca,Sc)₂(Ta,Nb)₂O₆F
Ta	ⓘ Heftetjernite	ScTaO₄
Ta	ⓘ Hydroxycalciomicrolite	Ca_1.5Ta₂O₆(OH)
Ta	ⓘ Ixiolite-(Sc)	(Ta_0.5Sc_0.5)O₂
Pb	Lead
Pb	ⓘ Cerussite	PbCO₃
Pb	ⓘ Galena	PbS
Pb	ⓘ Plattnerite	PbO₂
Bi	Bismuth
Bi	ⓘ Bismoclite	BiOCl
Bi	ⓘ Native Bismuth	Bi
Bi	ⓘ Bismutite	(BiO)₂CO₃
Th	Thorium
Th	ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)	(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆
Th	ⓘ Thorite	Th(SiO₄)
Th	ⓘ Yttrialite-(Y)	(Y,Th)₂Si₂O₇
Th	ⓘ Thorite var. Uranothorite	(Th,U)SiO₄
U	Uranium
U	ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)	(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂O₆
U	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group var. Yttropyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977)	(Y,Na,Ca,U)_1-2(Nb,Ta,Ti)₂(O,OH)₇
U	ⓘ Yttrotantalite-(Y)	(Y,U,Fe²⁺)(Ta,Nb)(O,OH)₄
U	ⓘ Thorite var. Uranothorite	(Th,U)SiO₄

Fossils

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Wikipedia:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drangedal
Wikidata ID:	Q2367
GeoNames ID:	3159006

Localities in this Region

Norway

Telemark
- Drangedal

Norway

Telemark
- Drangedal
  - Tørdal
  - Våje

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

Baltic Shield (Fennoscandian Shield)Shield

Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate

Baltic Shield
- Sveconorwegian BeltShield

EuropeContinent

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Drangedal, Telemark, NorwayiRegional Level TypesDrangedalMunicipality TelemarkCounty NorwayCountry function showexplain() { $("#locexplain").toggle(); if (typeof movemap === "function") movemap(); }

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Drangedal, Telemark, Norway i
Regional Level Types
Drangedal Municipality
Telemark County
Norway Country