Krupka (German: Graupen) is a town and municipality in the Teplice District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. During the late Middle Ages, it was one of the world-leading producers of tin and silver.

There are 11 town parts in Krupka: Krupka, Bohosudov, Unčín, Maršov, Nové Modlany, Vrchoslav, Soběchleby, Horní Krupka, Habartice, Fojtovice and Mohelnice.

Many people incorrectly assume the town's name derived from the mining of pewter (Czech: "krupky cínu") which was mined there. Rather, the name "Krupka" was derived from an Old-Czech word "krupý", which approximates the meaning 'large'.

Krupka is located about 3 kilometres (1.86 mi) north of Teplice and 11 km (6.84 mi) east of Ústí nad Labem. The southern part of the municipal territory with the built-up area lies in the Most Basin, the northern part lies in the Ore Mountains.

The origin of the original mining town is connected with the mining of tin ore and its further processing. The first written mention of Krupka is from 1305 in a deed of King Wenceslaus II. In 1330, the existence of a guard fortress is mentioned. After the Hussite Wars, Krupka gained town privileges.

In the 17th century, problems with mining activities began to appear, and tin sales were stuck. The Thirty Years' War adversely affected mining. In 1708, the Clary-Aldringen family purchased the Krupka estate and owned it until 1918.

In the 19th century, the economic centre moved to neighbouring Bohosudov with the establishment of new factories and lignite mines. In 1858, the railway to Bohosudov was built. In 1898, Bohosudov was promoted to a town. From 1938 to 1945, Krupka was annexed by Nazi Germany and administered as part of Reichsgau Sudetenland. In 1960, Bohosudov was merged with Krupka and became its most populated town part.

In connection with the mining, an educational pathway was created leading from the Czech side to the German side and showing various historically important sites as well as beautiful locations.
A tourist mine/mining museum (adit?) (Starý Martin) can be visited. The adit is part of the UNESCO World Heritage "Erzgebirge/Krušnohoří Mining Region".

Greisen deposit. Early post-magmatic hydrothermal processes (380-402 °C).

The Krušné hory/Erzgebirge Batholith was considered by the first geologists to be a single body, but it was later found that in space and time, there are several intrusions with their own evolution and different ages. The Karlovy Vary, Nejdek-Eibenstock, Kirchberg, and Bergen plutons are described in the west of the Saxothuringian Zone of the Bohemian Massif. From the central part, the Geyer granite body, the Hora Svaté Kateřiny, and Hora Svatého Šebestiána bodies are known. In the east, the Telnice granite body and the Altenberg caldera occur.

As mentioned in the introduction, two types of granites were distinguished within the Krušné hory/Erzgebirge Batholith, differing in their age and chemical composition. The low-F granites of OIC (older intrusive complex) included porphyritic biotite granites, granodiorites, and granites. The high-F granites of YIC (younger intrusive complex) were represented by coarse-grained, sometimes porphyritic, muscovite-biotite or tourmaline-biotite granites and Li-mica granites, which are Si-rich, reduced, and strongly peraluminous (peraluminous rocks are igneous rocks that have a molecular proportion of aluminium oxide higher than the combination of sodium oxide, potassium oxide and calcium oxide) and are often affected by processes of autometamorphism and have increased contents of incompatible elements. The Li-mica granites have crustal isotopic signatures.

The transitional types are sometimes present between OIC and YIC. According to chemistry, two subtypes of OIC and YIC granites — weakly and strongly peraluminous — are further distinguished.

Strongly peraluminous granites correspond to S-type granites, are enriched in P, and have relatively low content of HFSE (High Field Strength Elements; Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, Ti, and occasionally Th) and HREE (Heavy Rare Earth Elements).

The weakly peraluminous granites correspond to A- and I-type granites.
The 'A' stands for Anorogenic or Anhydrous, as these granites are characterized by low water content and a lack of orogenic or transitional tectonic fabric.
I-type granites originate from igneous sources and are saturated in silica but undersaturated in aluminum.

At Krupka, both of these have a very low content of P and increased amounts of HFSE and HREE. The granites in the Krupka ore district belong to the younger generation of slightly peraluminous P-poor granites.

Compared to the rest of European Variscides, the Krušné hory/Erzgebirge Batholith exhibits a relatively high abundance of Li-mica granites. However, the reason is still not completely resolved because the isotopic composition of Li-mica granites does not differ significantly from peraluminous granites from other regions. However, the underlying gneisses and metasediments have high contents of incompatible elements, and this can also be an explanation for the different composition of granites in the Krušné hory/Erzgebige Batholith.
Granites of OIC are of the Upper Viséan–Westphalian age (340 Ma to 310 Ma).
The age of the granites of YIC was estimated at 285 to 329 Ma.
Granites of YIC are often affected by greisenization and connected with economically important accumulations of Sn, W, and Li.

Fossils

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Other Databases

Wikipedia:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krupka
Wikidata ID:	Q593629
GeoNames ID:	3072598

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References