González-Durán, Andrés F; Garcı́a-Toloza, Javier; Bonilla-Osorio, Germán E; Cedeño-Ochoa, Carlos J; Angarita-Sarmiento, Luis G (2019) Geology of the La Pava emerald mine, Colombia. Proceedings of the 15th SGA Biennial Meeting Glasgow, Scotland, 2-901

ⓘ Arsenopyrite

Formula: FeAsS

Locality: Frias mine, Santana, Ricaurte Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

Nichols, H. W. (1895) The Ores of Colombia, from Mines in Operation in 1892. Geological Series Vol. 1 (3). Field Columbian Museum p.121-177.

ⓘ Azurite

Formula: Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂

Localities:

La Pava emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
Muzo Mine, Muzo Municipality, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

ⓘ Baryte

Formula: BaSO₄

Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.

ⓘ Beryl

Formula: Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)

Localities: Reported from at least 25 localities in this region.

Habit: Euhedral prismatic

Colour: green

ⓘ Beryl var. Emerald

Formula: Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)

Localities: Reported from at least 24 localities in this region.

Description: Notable specimen in AMNH, 6.6 x 3.1 cm, year 1966 [see Bancroft, Peter (1973) The World's Finest Minerals and Crystals].

ⓘ Beryl var. Trapiche emerald

Formula: Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)

Localities:

Muzo Municipality, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
La Pita Mine, La Pita, Maripí, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

Localities: Reported from at least 18 localities in this region.

ⓘ Chalcopyrite

Formula: CuFeS₂

Localities:

La Pava emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
Muzo Municipality, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
La Arcadia emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
Muzo Mine, Muzo Municipality, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'

Locality: La Pava emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

ⓘ Chrysocolla

Formula: Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1

Locality: La Pava emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

ⓘ Dickite

Formula: Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄

Locality: La Pava emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

ⓘ Dolomite

Formula: CaMg(CO₃)₂

Localities: Reported from at least 16 localities in this region.

ⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite

Formula: Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO₃)₂

Locality: Chivor Mine, Chivor, Boyacá Department, Colombia

Colour: brown

Description: Three grains of brown dolomite were analyzed (2017) on a SEM-EDS and all three returned the same composition: (Mg0.49Ca0.48Fe0.03)2(CO3)2

References:

Jeremie Pfister Collection

ⓘ Euclase

Formula: BeAl(SiO₄)(OH)

Localities:

Chivor Mine, Chivor, Boyacá Department, Colombia
La Marina Mine, Pauna, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
La Media Luna, Pauna, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia ? (more information)

ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'

Locality: Chivor Mine, Chivor, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

O'Neil, Paul (1983) Planet Earth - Gemstones. Time Life Books, Alexandria, VA.

ⓘ Fluorapatite

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃F

Localities:

La Marina Mine, Pauna, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
La Media Luna, Pauna, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia ? (more information)

ⓘ Fluorite

Formula: CaF₂

Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.

Habit: euhedral octagonal

Colour: green, colourless, purple

ⓘ Galena

Formula: PbS

Localities:

Santana, Ricaurte Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
Calamonte mine, Santana, Ricaurte Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
Frias mine, Santana, Ricaurte Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

ⓘ Goethite

Formula: Fe³⁺O(OH)

Localities:

Chivor Mine, Chivor, Boyacá Department, Colombia
La Pava emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
La Arcadia emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

ⓘ Graphite

Formula: C

Localities:

Muzo Mine, Muzo Municipality, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
Frias mine, Santana, Ricaurte Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

ⓘ Gypsum

Formula: CaSO₄ · 2H₂O

Localities:

La Pava emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
Muzo Municipality, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
La Marina Mine, Pauna, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
La Arcadia emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

ⓘ Halite

Formula: NaCl

Locality: Muzo Mine, Muzo Municipality, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

ⓘ Halloysite

Formula: Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄ · n(H₂O)

Localities:

Chivor Mine, Chivor, Boyacá Department, Colombia
Cabiche, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

ⓘ Hematite

Formula: Fe₂O₃

Locality: Chivor Mine, Chivor, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

(2002) Emeralds of the World. extraLapis English 2. Lapis International LLCpp.36-45

ⓘ ~~Humboldtine~~

Formula: Fe²⁺(C₂O₄) · 2H₂O

Localities:

~~Boyacá Department, Colombia~~ (more information)
~~Cabiche, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia~~ (more information)

Description: See message - https://www.mindat.org/forum.php?read,9,446817,446817#msg-446817

ⓘ Jarosite

Formula: KFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆

Locality: La Pava emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

ⓘ Kaolinite

Formula: Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄

Localities:

Chivor Mine, Chivor, Boyacá Department, Colombia
La Pava emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
Sochagota Lake, Paipa, Boyacá Department, Colombia

ⓘ 'Limonite'

Locality: Chivor Mine, Chivor, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

(2002) Emeralds of the World. extraLapis English 2. Lapis International LLCpp.36-45

ⓘ Mackinawite

Formula: FeS

Locality: Sochagota Lake, Paipa, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

Cifuentes, G.R.

Jiménez-Millán, J.

Quevedo, C.P.

Jiménez-Espinosa, R. (2020) Transformation of S-Bearing Minerals in Organic Matter-Rich Sediments from a Saline Lake with Hydrothermal Inputs. Minerals 10, 525.

ⓘ Malachite

Formula: Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂

Localities:

La Pava emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
Muzo Mine, Muzo Municipality, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

ⓘ Marcasite

Formula: FeS₂

Locality: Muzo Municipality, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

Pogue, Josephe E. (1917) The Emerald Deposits of Muzo, Colombia. Transactions of The American Institute of Mining Engineers, 55. 910-934

ⓘ 'Micrite'

Locality: La Arcadia emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

Ramírez-Juya, Valeria; García-Toloza, Javier; Gonzalez-Ruiz, Valentina; Angarita-Sarmiento, Luis G. (n.d.) Geochemical and mineralogical characterization of emeralds from La Arcadia mine, Colombia. 340-343

ⓘ Microcline

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

Locality: La Pava emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

ⓘ 'Monazite Group'

Formula: REE(PO₄)

Localities:

Muzo Mine, Muzo Municipality, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
La Arcadia emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

ⓘ Muscovite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.

ⓘ Muscovite var. Fuchsite

Formula: K(Al,Cr)₃Si₃O₁₀(OH)₂

Locality: Muzo Municipality, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

Pogue, Josephe E. (1917) The Emerald Deposits of Muzo, Colombia. Transactions of The American Institute of Mining Engineers, 55. 910-934

ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite

Formula: K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂

Localities:

La Pava emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
Sochagota Lake, Paipa, Boyacá Department, Colombia

ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

Locality: Chivor Mine, Chivor, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

(2002) Emeralds of the World. extraLapis English 2. Lapis International LLCpp.36-45

ⓘ Native Silver

Formula: Ag

Locality: Frias mine, Santana, Ricaurte Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

Nichols, H. W. (1895) The Ores of Colombia, from Mines in Operation in 1892. Geological Series Vol. 1 (3). Field Columbian Museum p.121-177.

ⓘ Native Sulphur

Formula: S₈

Localities:

La Pava emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
Muzo Municipality, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
Sochagota Lake, Paipa, Boyacá Department, Colombia

ⓘ Opal

Formula: SiO₂ · nH₂O

Locality: Chivor Mine, Chivor, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

(2002) Emeralds of the World. extraLapis English 2. Lapis International LLCpp.36-45

ⓘ Opal var. Opal-AN

Formula: SiO₂ · nH₂O

Locality: Chivor Mine, Chivor, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

(2002) Emeralds of the World. extraLapis English 2. Lapis International LLCpp.36-45

ⓘ Paragonite

Formula: NaAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

Locality: La Pava emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

ⓘ 'Parisite'

Formula: Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂

Localities:

Coscuez Mine, San Pablo de Borbur, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
Chivor Mine, Chivor, Boyacá Department, Colombia

ⓘ Parisite-(Ce) (TL)

Formula: CaCe₂(CO₃)₃F₂

Localities:

Muzo Mine, Muzo Municipality, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
Muzo Municipality, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
La Pita Mine, La Pita, Maripí, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

Type Locality: Muzo Mine, Muzo Municipality, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

ⓘ 'Phyllosilicate'

Locality: La Pava emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

ⓘ 'Plagioclase'

Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈

Locality: La Arcadia emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

ⓘ Pyrargyrite

Formula: Ag₃SbS₃

Locality: Frias mine, Santana, Ricaurte Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

Nichols, H. W. (1895) The Ores of Colombia, from Mines in Operation in 1892. Geological Series Vol. 1 (3). Field Columbian Museum p.121-177.

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

Localities: Reported from at least 14 localities in this region.

ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Group'

Formula: A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z

Locality: La Pava emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

ⓘ Pyrophyllite

Formula: Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂

Localities:

La Pava emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
Muzo Municipality, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

ⓘ Pyrrhotite

Formula: Fe_1-xS

Locality: La Arcadia emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

Localities: Reported from at least 21 localities in this region.

Habit: euhedral prismatic, druse, mosaic, parallel bladed

Colour: colourless

ⓘ Röntgenite-(Ce)

Formula: Ca₂(Ce,La)₃(CO₃)₅F₃

Locality: La Pita Mine, La Pita, Maripí, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

Zeug, Manuela, Nasdala, Lutz, Ende, Martin, Habler, Gerlinde, Hauzenberger, Christoph, Chanmuang N., Chutimun, Škoda, Radek, Topa, Dan, Wildner, Manfred, Wirth, Richard (2021) The parisite–(Ce) enigma: challenges in the identification of fluorcarbonate minerals. Mineralogy and Petrology, 115 (1) 1-19 doi:1007/s00710-020-00723-x

ⓘ Rutile

Formula: TiO₂

Localities:

La Pava emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
La Arcadia emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

ⓘ Siderite

Formula: FeCO₃

Localities:

ORMICOL mine, Otanche, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
Frias mine, Santana, Ricaurte Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia
Peñas Blancas, San Pablo de Borbur, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia ? (more information)

ⓘ Sphalerite

Formula: ZnS

Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.

ⓘ 'Tourmaline'

Formula: AD₃G₆(T₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃X₃Z

Locality: La Arcadia emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

ⓘ Vermiculite

Formula: Mg_0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)₆(Si,Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₄ · 8H₂O

Locality: Sochagota Lake, Paipa, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

Cifuentes, G.R.

Jiménez-Millán, J.

Quevedo, C.P.

Jiménez-Espinosa, R. (2020) Transformation of S-Bearing Minerals in Organic Matter-Rich Sediments from a Saline Lake with Hydrothermal Inputs. Minerals 10, 525.

ⓘ 'Viterbite'

Locality: Santa Rosa de Viterbo, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

Chukhrov, F. V., Rudnitskay, Y. S., Moleva, V. A., & Yermilova, L. P. (1967). Phosphate allophanes. International Geology Review, 9(2), 154-158.

ⓘ 'White mica'

Locality: Muzo Mine, Muzo Municipality, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

Altenberger, Uwe, Rojas-Agramonte, Yamirka, Yang, Yueheng, Fernández-Lamus, Jimmy, Häger, Tobias, Guenter, Christina, Gonzalez-Pinzón, Alejandra, Charris-Leal, Felipe, Artel, Julia (2022) In Situ U–Th–Pb Dating of Parisite: Implication for the Age of Mineralization of Colombian Emeralds. Minerals, 12 (10) 1232 doi:10.3390/min12101232

ⓘ 'Xenotime'

Locality: La Arcadia emerald mine, Quípama, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

References:

Gallery:

Ca₅(PO₄)₃Aⓘ 'Apatite'

Apatite, etc.

Chivor Mine, Chivor, Boyacá Department, Colombia

Apatite, etc.

Chivor Mine, Chivor, Boyacá Department, Colombia

Apatite, etc.

Chivor Mine, Chivor, Boyacá Department, Colombia

BaSO₄ⓘ Baryte

Baryte

Peñas Blancas, San Pablo de Borbur, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

Baryte

Peñas Blancas, San Pablo de Borbur, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

Baryte

Peñas Blancas, San Pablo de Borbur, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

Ca₅(PO₄)₃Fⓘ Fluorapatite

Fluorapatite, etc.

La Marina Mine, Pauna, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

Fluorapatite

La Marina Mine, Pauna, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

Fluorapatite, etc.

La Marina Mine, Pauna, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

Fluorapatite

La Marina Mine, Pauna, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

Fluorapatite, etc.

La Marina Mine, Pauna, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

Fluorapatite

La Marina Mine, Pauna, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

Fluorapatite, etc.

La Marina Mine, Pauna, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

Fluorapatite

La Marina Mine, Pauna, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

Fluorapatite, etc.

La Marina Mine, Pauna, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

Fluorapatite

La Marina Mine, Pauna, Western Boyacá Province, Boyacá Department, Colombia

Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂ⓘ 'Parisite'

Parisite

Boyacá Department, Colombia

Parisite

Boyacá Department, Colombia

Parisite

Boyacá Department, Colombia

Parisite

Boyacá Department, Colombia

Parisite

Boyacá Department, Colombia

Parisite

Boyacá Department, Colombia

Parisite

Boyacá Department, Colombia

Parisite

Boyacá Department, Colombia

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘ	Native Silver	1.AA.05	Ag
ⓘ	Graphite	1.CB.05a	C
ⓘ	Native Sulphur	1.CC.05	S₈
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Acanthite	2.BA.35	Ag₂S
ⓘ	Sphalerite	2.CB.05a	ZnS
ⓘ	Chalcopyrite	2.CB.10a	CuFeS₂
ⓘ	Pyrrhotite	2.CC.10	Fe_1-xS
ⓘ	Mackinawite	2.CC.25	FeS
ⓘ	Galena	2.CD.10	PbS
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
ⓘ	Marcasite	2.EB.10a	FeS₂
ⓘ	Arsenopyrite	2.EB.20	FeAsS
ⓘ	Pyrargyrite	2.GA.05	Ag₃SbS₃
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘ	Halite	3.AA.20	NaCl
ⓘ	Fluorite	3.AB.25	CaF₂
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	'Pyrochlore Group'	4.00.	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
ⓘ	Hematite	4.CB.05	Fe₂O₃
ⓘ	Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	Opal var. Opal-AN	4.DA.10	SiO₂ · nH₂O
ⓘ		4.DA.10	SiO₂ · nH₂O
ⓘ	Rutile	4.DB.05	TiO₂
ⓘ	Goethite	4.FD.10	Fe³⁺O(OH)
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Siderite	5.AB.05	FeCO₃
ⓘ	Ankerite	5.AB.10	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	Dolomite	5.AB.10	CaMg(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	var. Iron-bearing Dolomite	5.AB.10	Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	Aragonite	5.AB.15	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Azurite	5.BA.05	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Malachite	5.BA.10	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Parisite-(Ce) (TL)	5.BD.20b	CaCe₂(CO₃)₃F₂
ⓘ	Röntgenite-(Ce)	5.BD.20d	Ca₂(Ce,La)₃(CO₃)₅F₃
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘ	Baryte	7.AD.35	BaSO₄
ⓘ	Jarosite	7.BC.10	KFe³⁺₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
ⓘ	Gypsum	7.CD.40	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘ	Fluorapatite	8.BN.05	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Euclase	9.AE.10	BeAl(SiO₄)(OH)
ⓘ	Beryl	9.CJ.05	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
ⓘ	var. Emerald	9.CJ.05	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
ⓘ	var. Trapiche emerald	9.CJ.05	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
ⓘ	Pyrophyllite	9.EC.10	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
ⓘ	Muscovite var. Fuchsite	9.EC.15	K(Al,Cr)₃Si₃O₁₀(OH)₂
ⓘ	var. Illite	9.EC.15	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
ⓘ		9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Paragonite	9.EC.15	NaAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Muscovite var. Sericite	9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Vermiculite	9.EC.50	Mg_0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)₆(Si,Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₄ · 8H₂O
ⓘ	Dickite	9.ED.05	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
ⓘ	Kaolinite	9.ED.05	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
ⓘ	Halloysite	9.ED.10	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄ · n(H₂O)
ⓘ	Allophane	9.ED.20	(Al₂O₃)(SiO₂)_1.3-2 · 2.5-3H₂O
ⓘ	Chrysocolla	9.ED.20	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
ⓘ	Microcline	9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Albite	9.FA.35	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Group 10 - Organic Compounds
ⓘ	Humboldtine ?	10.AB.05	Fe²⁺(C₂O₄) · 2H₂O
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Chlorite Group'	-
ⓘ	'Feldspar Group'	-
ⓘ	'Limonite'	-
ⓘ	'Monazite Group'	-	REE(PO₄)
ⓘ	'Tourmaline'	-	AD₃G₆(T₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃X₃Z
ⓘ	'Xenotime'	-
ⓘ	'Parisite'	-	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
ⓘ	'Plagioclase'	-	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
ⓘ	'Viterbite'	-
ⓘ	'Apatite'	-	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
ⓘ	'White mica'	-
ⓘ	'Micrite'	-
ⓘ	'Phyllosilicate'	-

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Allophane	(Al₂O₃)(SiO₂)_1.3-2 · 2.5-3H₂O
H	ⓘ Azurite	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
H	ⓘ Dickite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
H	ⓘ Euclase	BeAl(SiO₄)(OH)
H	ⓘ Muscovite var. Fuchsite	K(Al,Cr)₃Si₃O₁₀(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
H	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Halloysite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄ · n(H₂O)
H	ⓘ Humboldtine	Fe²⁺(C₂O₄) · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Opal var. Opal-AN	SiO₂ · nH₂O
H	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
H	ⓘ Jarosite	KFe₃³⁺(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Kaolinite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
H	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Opal	SiO₂ · nH₂O
H	ⓘ Paragonite	NaAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
H	ⓘ Pyrophyllite	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Vermiculite	Mg_0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)₆(Si,Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₄ · 8H₂O
H	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Be	Beryllium
Be	ⓘ Beryl	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
Be	ⓘ Beryl var. Emerald	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
Be	ⓘ Euclase	BeAl(SiO₄)(OH)
Be	ⓘ Beryl var. Trapiche emerald	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
B	Boron
B	ⓘ Tourmaline	AD₃G₆(T₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃X₃Z
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Aragonite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Azurite	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Graphite	C
C	ⓘ Humboldtine	Fe²⁺(C₂O₄) · 2H₂O
C	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
C	ⓘ Parisite-(Ce)	CaCe₂(CO₃)₃F₂
C	ⓘ Röntgenite-(Ce)	Ca₂(Ce,La)₃(CO₃)₅F₃
C	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
C	ⓘ Parisite	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
C	ⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite	Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO₃)₂
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Allophane	(Al₂O₃)(SiO₂)_1.3-2 · 2.5-3H₂O
O	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Aragonite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Azurite	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
O	ⓘ Beryl	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
O	ⓘ Dickite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
O	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Beryl var. Emerald	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
O	ⓘ Euclase	BeAl(SiO₄)(OH)
O	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
O	ⓘ Muscovite var. Fuchsite	K(Al,Cr)₃Si₃O₁₀(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
O	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Halloysite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄ · n(H₂O)
O	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
O	ⓘ Humboldtine	Fe²⁺(C₂O₄) · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Opal var. Opal-AN	SiO₂ · nH₂O
O	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
O	ⓘ Jarosite	KFe₃³⁺(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Kaolinite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
O	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Monazite Group	REE(PO₄)
O	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Opal	SiO₂ · nH₂O
O	ⓘ Paragonite	NaAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Parisite-(Ce)	CaCe₂(CO₃)₃F₂
O	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
O	ⓘ Pyrophyllite	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Röntgenite-(Ce)	Ca₂(Ce,La)₃(CO₃)₅F₃
O	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
O	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
O	ⓘ Tourmaline	AD₃G₆(T₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃X₃Z
O	ⓘ Vermiculite	Mg_0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)₆(Si,Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₄ · 8H₂O
O	ⓘ Parisite	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
O	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
O	ⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite	Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
O	ⓘ Beryl var. Trapiche emerald	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
F	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
F	ⓘ Parisite-(Ce)	CaCe₂(CO₃)₃F₂
F	ⓘ Röntgenite-(Ce)	Ca₂(Ce,La)₃(CO₃)₅F₃
F	ⓘ Parisite	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Na	ⓘ Halite	NaCl
Na	ⓘ Paragonite	NaAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
Mg	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Mg	ⓘ Vermiculite	Mg_0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)₆(Si,Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₄ · 8H₂O
Mg	ⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite	Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO₃)₂
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Allophane	(Al₂O₃)(SiO₂)_1.3-2 · 2.5-3H₂O
Al	ⓘ Beryl	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
Al	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
Al	ⓘ Dickite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Al	ⓘ Beryl var. Emerald	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
Al	ⓘ Euclase	BeAl(SiO₄)(OH)
Al	ⓘ Muscovite var. Fuchsite	K(Al,Cr)₃Si₃O₁₀(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Halloysite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄ · n(H₂O)
Al	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Kaolinite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Al	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Paragonite	NaAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Pyrophyllite	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Vermiculite	Mg_0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)₆(Si,Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₄ · 8H₂O
Al	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Al	ⓘ Beryl var. Trapiche emerald	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Allophane	(Al₂O₃)(SiO₂)_1.3-2 · 2.5-3H₂O
Si	ⓘ Beryl	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
Si	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
Si	ⓘ Dickite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Si	ⓘ Beryl var. Emerald	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
Si	ⓘ Euclase	BeAl(SiO₄)(OH)
Si	ⓘ Muscovite var. Fuchsite	K(Al,Cr)₃Si₃O₁₀(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Halloysite	Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄ · n(H₂O)
Si	ⓘ Opal var. Opal-AN	SiO₂ · nH₂O
Si	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Kaolinite	Al₂(Si₂O₅)(OH)₄
Si	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Opal	SiO₂ · nH₂O
Si	ⓘ Paragonite	NaAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Pyrophyllite	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Vermiculite	Mg_0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)₆(Si,Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₄ · 8H₂O
Si	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Si	ⓘ Beryl var. Trapiche emerald	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
P	ⓘ Monazite Group	REE(PO₄)
P	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Acanthite	Ag₂S
S	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
S	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
S	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
S	ⓘ Galena	PbS
S	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
S	ⓘ Jarosite	KFe₃³⁺(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
S	ⓘ Mackinawite	FeS
S	ⓘ Marcasite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrargyrite	Ag₃SbS₃
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
S	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
S	ⓘ Native Sulphur	S₈
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Halite	NaCl
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Muscovite var. Fuchsite	K(Al,Cr)₃Si₃O₁₀(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite	K_0.65Al_2.0[Al_0.65Si_3.35O₁₀](OH)₂
K	ⓘ Jarosite	KFe₃³⁺(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
K	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
K	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Aragonite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
Ca	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
Ca	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Parisite-(Ce)	CaCe₂(CO₃)₃F₂
Ca	ⓘ Röntgenite-(Ce)	Ca₂(Ce,La)₃(CO₃)₅F₃
Ca	ⓘ Parisite	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
Ca	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Ca	ⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite	Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
Cr	Chromium
Cr	ⓘ Muscovite var. Fuchsite	K(Al,Cr)₃Si₃O₁₀(OH)₂
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
Fe	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
Fe	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Goethite	Fe³⁺O(OH)
Fe	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
Fe	ⓘ Humboldtine	Fe²⁺(C₂O₄) · 2H₂O
Fe	ⓘ Jarosite	KFe₃³⁺(SO₄)₂(OH)₆
Fe	ⓘ Mackinawite	FeS
Fe	ⓘ Marcasite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
Fe	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
Fe	ⓘ Vermiculite	Mg_0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)₆(Si,Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₄ · 8H₂O
Fe	ⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite	Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO₃)₂
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Azurite	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
Cu	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Cu	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
Cu	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
Zn	Zinc
Zn	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
As	Arsenic
As	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
Nb	Niobium
Nb	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
Ag	Silver
Ag	ⓘ Acanthite	Ag₂S
Ag	ⓘ Pyrargyrite	Ag₃SbS₃
Ag	ⓘ Native Silver	Ag
Sb	Antimony
Sb	ⓘ Pyrargyrite	Ag₃SbS₃
Ba	Barium
Ba	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
La	Lanthanum
La	ⓘ Röntgenite-(Ce)	Ca₂(Ce,La)₃(CO₃)₅F₃
La	ⓘ Parisite	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
Ce	Cerium
Ce	ⓘ Parisite-(Ce)	CaCe₂(CO₃)₃F₂
Ce	ⓘ Röntgenite-(Ce)	Ca₂(Ce,La)₃(CO₃)₅F₃
Ce	ⓘ Parisite	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
Nd	Neodymium
Nd	ⓘ Parisite	Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)₂(CO₃)₃F₂
Pb	Lead
Pb	ⓘ Galena	PbS

Fossils

There are 184 fossil localities from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.

These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.

Occurrences

184

Youngest Fossil Listed

0.01 Ma (Pleistocene)

Oldest Fossil Listed

408 Ma (Early/Lower Devonian)

Stratigraphic Units

Unit	No. Occurrences	Age
Soatá	4	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma (Pleistocene)
Guaduas	2	70.6 - 66 Ma (Late/Upper Cretaceous)
Paja	13	122.46 - 112.03 Ma (Early/Lower Cretaceous)
Paja - Arcillolitas abigarradas	2	129.4 - 112.03 Ma (Early/Lower Cretaceous)
Ritoque	2	132.9 - 129.4 Ma (Early/Lower Cretaceous)

Fossils from Region

Click here to show the list.

Accepted Name	Hierarchy	Age
Anthozoa class	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Favosites genus	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Favositidae : *Favosites*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Pleurodictyum genus	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Micheliniidae : *Pleurodictyum*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Gastropoda class	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Orthoceras genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Orthoceratidae : *Orthoceras*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Acanthodiscus genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Neocomitidae : *Acanthodiscus*	132.9 - 129.4 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Acrioceras genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Ancyloceratidae : *Acrioceras*	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Berriasella genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Neocomitidae : *Berriasella*	145 - 132.9 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Colchidites genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Ancyloceratidae : *Colchidites*	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Hamulina genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Hamulinidae : *Hamulina*	145 - 132.9 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Heinzia genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : *Heinzia*	130 - 125.45 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Leptoceras genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Protancyloceratidae : *Leptoceras*	145 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Lytoceras genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Lytoceratidae : *Lytoceras*	130 - 125.45 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Neocosmoceras genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Neocomitidae : *Neocosmoceras*	145 - 140.2 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Neolissoceras genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Haploceratidae : *Neolissoceras*	145 - 132.9 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Olcostephanus genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Olcostephanidae : *Olcostephanus*	132.9 - 129.4 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Parasaynoceras genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Holcodiscidae : *Parasaynoceras*	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Pseudohaploceras genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Desmoceratidae : *Pseudohaploceras*	132.9 - 129.4 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Sarasinella genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Neocomitidae : *Sarasinella*	145 - 132.9 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Subalpinites genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Neocomitidae : *Subalpinites*	145 - 140.2 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Subsaynella genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Desmoceratidae : *Subsaynella*	132.9 - 129.4 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Thurmanniceras genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Neocomitidae : *Thurmanniceras*	132.9 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Actinopteria genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pterineidae : *Actinopteria*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Aviculopecten genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Myalinidae : *Aviculopecten*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Pterinea genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pterineidae : *Pterinea*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Cypricardinia genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Cardiniidae : *Cypricardinia*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Grammysia genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Grammysiidae : *Grammysia*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Odontopleura genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Lichida : Odontopleuridae : *Odontopleura*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Cyphaspis genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Proetida : Otarionidae : *Cyphaspis*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Proetus genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Proetida : Proetidae : *Proetus*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Dalmanites genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Dalmanitidae : *Dalmanites*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Greenops genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Acastidae : *Greenops*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Homalonotus genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Homalonotidae : *Homalonotus*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Phacops genus	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Phacopidae : *Phacops*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Ostracoda class	Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Cyclotrypa genus	Animalia : Bryozoa : Stenolaemata : Cystoporida : Fistuliporidae : *Cyclotrypa*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Fistulipora genus	Animalia : Bryozoa : Stenolaemata : Cystoporida : Fistuliporidae : *Fistulipora*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Prismopora genus	Animalia : Bryozoa : Stenolaemata : Cystoporida : Hexagonellidae : *Prismopora*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Sulcoretepora genus	Animalia : Bryozoa : Stenolaemata : Cystoporida : Cystodictyonidae : *Sulcoretepora*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Taeniopora genus	Animalia : Bryozoa : Stenolaemata : Cystoporida : Cystodictyonidae : *Taeniopora*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Intrapora genus	Animalia : Bryozoa : Stenolaemata : Cryptostomida : Intraporidae : *Intrapora*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Fenestrellina genus	Animalia : Bryozoa : Stenolaemata : Fenestrida : Fenestellidae : *Fenestrellina*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Polypora genus	Animalia : Bryozoa : Stenolaemata : Fenestrida : Fenestellidae : *Polypora*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Semicoscinium genus	Animalia : Bryozoa : Stenolaemata : Fenestrida : Fenestellidae : *Semicoscinium*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Unitrypa genus	Animalia : Bryozoa : Stenolaemata : Fenestrida : Fenestellidae : *Unitrypa*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Orthis genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Orthidae : *Orthis*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Chonetes genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Productida : Chonetidae : *Chonetes*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Chonostrophia genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Productida : Chonostrophiidae : *Chonostrophia*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Cymostrophia genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Douvillinidae : *Cymostrophia*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Dictyostrophia genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Strophodontidae : *Dictyostrophia*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Eodevonaria genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Productida : Eodevonariidae : *Eodevonaria*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Megastrophia genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Strophodontidae : *Megastrophia*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Leptostrophia (Rhytistrophia) subgenus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Leptostrophiidae : Leptostrophia : *Leptostrophia (Rhytistrophia)*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Schellwienella genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Orthotetida : Pulsiidae : *Schellwienella*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Strophonella genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Strophonellidae : *Strophonella*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Camarotoechia genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Camarotoechiidae : *Camarotoechia*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Leiorhynchus genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Leiorhynchidae : *Leiorhynchus*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Acrospirifer genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Acrospiriferidae : *Acrospirifer*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Australospirifer genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Hysterolitidae : *Australospirifer*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Brachyspirifer genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Hysterolitidae : *Brachyspirifer*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Elita genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Elythidae : *Elita*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Mediospirifer genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Spinocyrtiidae : *Mediospirifer*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Meristella genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Athyridida : Meristellidae : *Meristella*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Paraspirifer genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Delthyrididae : *Paraspirifer*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Pentagonia genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Athyridida : Meristellidae : *Pentagonia*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Spinocyrtia genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Spinocyrtiidae : *Spinocyrtia*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Spirifer genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Spiriferidae : *Spirifer*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Anoplotheca genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Athyridida : Anoplothecidae : *Anoplotheca*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Atrypa genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Atrypida : Atrypidae : *Atrypa*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Amphigenia genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Centronellidae : *Amphigenia*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Cryptonella genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Cryptonellidae : *Cryptonella*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Derbyina genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Mutationellidae : *Derbyina*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Meganteris genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Meganterididae : *Meganteris*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Acanthograptus genus	Animalia : Hemichordata : Graptolithina : Dendroidea : *Acanthograptus*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Brachauchenius genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pliosauridae : *Brachauchenius*	130 - 125.45 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Neochoerus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Hydrochoeridae : *Neochoerus*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Berhamniphyllum genus	Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Rhamnaceae : *Berhamniphyllum*	70.6 - 66 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Leguminosites genus	Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fabales : Fabaceae : *Leguminosites*	15.97 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Cenomanocarcinus vanstraeleni species	Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Cenomanocarcinidae : Cenomanocarcinus : *Cenomanocarcinus vanstraeleni*	145 - 66 Ma Cretaceous
Platyceras nodosum species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Platyceratidae : Platyceras : *Platyceras nodosum*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Platyostoma lineata species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Euomphalina : Platyceratidae : Platyceras : *Platyostoma lineata*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Caninae subfamily	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Caninae	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Callawayasaurus colombiensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Sauropterygia : Elasmosauridae : Callawayasaurus : *Callawayasaurus colombiensis*	125.45 - 122.46 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Psilotissotia (Buergliceras) subgenus	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Pulchelliidae : Psilotissotia : *Psilotissotia (Buergliceras)*	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Strophomena (Strophodonta) subgenus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Strophodontidae : *Strophomena (Strophodonta)*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Notiomastodon platensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : Notiomastodon : *Notiomastodon platensis*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Parancyloceras genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Aegocrioceratidae : *Parancyloceras*	132.9 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Crioceratites portarum species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Crioceratitidae : Crioceratites : *Crioceratites portarum*	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Karsteniceras beyrichii species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Ancyloceratidae : Karsteniceras : *Karsteniceras beyrichii*	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Ptychoceras puzosianum species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Ptychoceratidae : Ptychoceras : *Ptychoceras puzosianum*	125 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Leptoceras hubachi species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Protancyloceratidae : Leptoceras : *Leptoceras hubachi*	145 - 140.2 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Kossmatia viterboensis species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Acanthoceratidae : Romaniceras : *Kossmatia viterboensis*	145 - 132.9 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Subastieria sulcosae species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Olcostephanidae : Olcostephanus : *Subastieria sulcosae*	140.2 - 136.4 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Berriasella colombiana species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Neocomitidae : Berriasella : *Berriasella colombiana*	139.8 - 132.9 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Substeueroceras mutabile species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Neocomitidae : Substeueroceras : *Substeueroceras mutabile*	145 - 140.2 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Thurmanniceras santarosanum species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Neocomitidae : Thurmanniceras : *Thurmanniceras santarosanum*	132.9 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Favrella colombiana species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Neocomitidae : Favrella : *Favrella colombiana*	132.9 - 129.4 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Sarasinella hondana species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Neocomitidae : Sarasinella : *Sarasinella hondana*	145 - 140.2 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Pseudoosterella ubalaensis species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Oosterellidae : Pseudoosterella : *Pseudoosterella ubalaensis*	145 - 140.2 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Holcodiscus camelinus species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Holcodiscidae : Holcodiscus : *Holcodiscus camelinus*	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Karsteniceras multicostatum species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Ancyloceratidae : Karsteniceras : *Karsteniceras multicostatum*	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Monsalveiceras monsalvense species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Ancyloceratidae : Monsalveiceras : *Monsalveiceras monsalvense*	125 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Archaeopaliurus genus	Plantae : Spermatophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rhamnales : Rhamnaceae : *Archaeopaliurus*	70.6 - 66 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Kronosaurus boyacensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pliosauridae : Kronosaurus : *Kronosaurus boyacensis*	122.46 - 112.03 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Odocoileus salinae species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cervidae : Odocoileus : *Odocoileus salinae*	2.588 - 0.0117 Ma Pleistocene
Dakoticancer olssoni species	Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Dakoticancridae : Dakoticancer : *Dakoticancer olssoni*	145 - 66 Ma Cretaceous
Mimosites genus	Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fabales : Fabaceae : *Mimosites*	15.97 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Platypterygius sachicarum species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Leptopterygiidae : Platypterygius : *Platypterygius sachicarum*	125.45 - 122.46 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Anacardites genus	*Anacardites*	15.97 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Spinulicosta spinulicosta species	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Productida : Productellidae : Spinulicosta : *Spinulicosta spinulicosta*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Crioceratites leivaensis species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Ancyloceratidae : Crioceratites : *Crioceratites leivaensis*	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Crioceratites emerici species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Crioceratitidae : Crioceratites : *Crioceratites emerici*	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Pedioceras caquesense species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Ancyloceratidae : Pedioceras : *Pedioceras caquesense*	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Pedioceras asymmetricum species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Ancyloceratidae : Pedioceras : *Pedioceras asymmetricum*	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Paracrioceras barremense species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Ancyloceratidae : Paracrioceras : *Paracrioceras barremense*	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Ancyloceras vandenheckii species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Ancyloceratidae : Ancyloceras : *Ancyloceras vandenheckii*	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Pseudoaustraliceras columbiae species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Ancyloceratidae : Pseudoaustraliceras : *Pseudoaustraliceras columbiae*	125 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Pseudoaustraliceras pavlowi species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Ancyloceratidae : Pseudoaustraliceras : *Pseudoaustraliceras pavlowi*	125 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Pseudoaustraliceras ramososeptatum species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Ancyloceratidae : Pseudoaustraliceras : *Pseudoaustraliceras ramososeptatum*	125 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Hamiticeras pilsbryi species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Ancyloceratidae : Hamiticeras : *Hamiticeras pilsbryi*	125 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Tonohamites koeneni species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Ancyloceratidae : Tonohamites : *Tonohamites koeneni*	125 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Leptaena boyaca species	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Rafinesquinidae : Leptaena : *Leptaena boyaca*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Pholidops genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : *Pholidops*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Tropidoleptus carinatus species	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Tropidoleptidae : Tropidoleptus : *Tropidoleptus carinatus*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Cyrtina hamiltonensis species	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferinida : Cyrtinidae : Cyrtina : *Cyrtina hamiltonensis*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Heminautilus etheringtoni species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Cymatoceratidae : Heminautilus : *Heminautilus etheringtoni*	125.45 - 122.46 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Padillasaurus leivaensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Brachiosauridae : Padillasaurus : *Padillasaurus leivaensis*	130 - 125.45 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Gerhardtia genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : *Gerhardtia*	130 - 125.45 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Muiscasaurus catheti species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Ophthalmosauridae : Muiscasaurus : *Muiscasaurus catheti*	130 - 112.03 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Substeueroceras koeneni species	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Neocomitidae : Substeueroceras : *Substeueroceras koeneni*	145 - 140.2 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Leyvachelys cipadi species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Sandownidae : Leyvachelys : *Leyvachelys cipadi*	130 - 122.46 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Desmatochelys padillai species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Protostegidae : Desmatochelys : *Desmatochelys padillai*	130 - 122.46 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Stenorhynchosaurus munozi species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pliosauridae : Stenorhynchosaurus : *Stenorhynchosaurus munozi*	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Colubrina genus	Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Rhamnaceae : *Colubrina*	15.97 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Camarotoechia dotis species	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Camarotoechiidae : Camarotoechia : *Camarotoechia dotis*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Nucleospira concinna species	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Athyridida : Nucleospiridae : Nucleospira : *Nucleospira concinna*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian
Vitulina genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Ambocoeliidae : *Vitulina*	407.6 - 387.7 Ma Devonian

Fossil Localities

Click to show 23 fossil localities

Other Databases

Wikipedia:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boyac%C3%A1_Department
Wikidata ID:	Q121233
GeoNames ID:	3688536

Localities in this Region

Colombia

Boyacá Department
- ⭔Chivor
- ⭔Macanal
  - Agua Blanca Mine
- ⭔Paipa
  - ⭔Sochagota Lake
- ⭔Paz de Río
  - Paz de Río Mine
- ⭔Ricaurte Province
  - ⭔Santana
    - Calamonte mine
    - Frias mine
- ⭔Santa Rosa de Viterbo
- ⭔Valderrama Province
  - ⭔Tasco
    - La Chapa mine
- ⭔Western Boyacá Province
  - ⭔Maripí
    - ⭔La Pita

Colombia

Boyacá Department
- Western Boyacá Province

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

Colombia

Boyacá Department
- Guavió-Guatéque mining districtMining District
- Las Pavas mining area (Las Pava mining area)Mining Area
- Vasquez-Yacopí mining districtMining District

North Andes PlateTectonic Plate

South AmericaContinent

AndesMountain Range

South America Plate

Llanos BasinBasin
North Andean OrogenOrogenic Belt
Perija-Venezuelan-Coastal RangesGeologic Province

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List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

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Localities in this Region

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

Boyacá Department, Colombia i
Regional Level Types
Boyacá Department Department
Colombia Country