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Mount Erebus, Ross Island, Ross Archipelago, Victoria Land, East Antarctica, Antarcticai
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Mount Erebus | Volcano (Active) |
| Ross Island | Island |
| Ross Archipelago | Archipelago |
| Victoria Land | Region |
| East Antarctica | Region |
| Antarctica | Continent |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
77° 31' 45'' South , 167° 8' 57'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
Volcano (Active) - last checked 2024
Köppen climate type:
Nearest Settlements:
| Place | Population | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| McMurdo Station | 1,258 (2012) | 36.9km |
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Erebus Volcano
Other Languages:
French:
mont Erebus, île de Ross, Archipel de Ross, Antarctique oriental (Est Antarctique), Antarctique
German:
Mount Erebus, Ross-Insel, Ross-Archipel, Ostantarktika, Antarktika
Italian:
Erebus, isola di Ross, Antartide orientale, Antartide
Russian:
Эребус, Остров Росса, Восточная Антарктида, Антарктида
Simplified Chinese:
埃里伯斯火山, 羅斯島, 羅斯群島, 南极洲
Spanish:
Monte Erebus, Isla de Ross, Antártida Oriental, Antártida
Afrikaans:
Erebus , Antarktika
Anglo-Saxon:
Erebus Beorg, Antarctica
Arabic:
جبل إريباص, جزيرة روس, القارة القطبية الجنوبية
Armenian:
Էրեբուս, Անտարկտիդա
Asturian:
Monte Erebus, Islla de Ross, Antártida
Azeri:
Erebus vulkanı, Ross adası, Antarktida
Basque:
Erebus mendia, Ross uhartea, Antartika
Belarusian:
Эрэбус, Роса , Антарктыда
Belarusian (Tarashkevitsa):
Эрэбус, Антарктыда
Bosnian:
Mount Erebus, Antarktik
Breton:
Menez Erebus, Antarktika
Bulgarian:
Еребус, Рос, Антарктида
Catalan:
Mont Erebus, Illa de Ross, Antàrtida
Cebuano:
Erebus, Ross Island , Ross Archipelago, Antarctica
Cornish:
Menydh Erebus, Antarktika
Croatian:
Mount Erebus, Rossov otok, Antarktika
Czech:
Mount Erebus, Rossův ostrov, Antarktida
Danish:
Mount Erebus, Ross Island, Antarktis
Dutch:
Erebus, Ross, Antarctica
Esperanto:
Monto Erebus, Insulo Ross, Antarkto
Estonian:
Erebus, Rossi saar, Antarktis
Farsi/Persian:
کوه اربوس, جزیره راس, مجمعالجزایر راس, جنوبگان
Finnish:
Mount Erebus, Rossinsaari, Etelämanner
Georgian:
ერებუსი, როსის კუნძული, ანტარქტიდა
Greek:
Όρος Έρεβος, νήσος Ρος, Ανταρκτική
Hebrew:
הר ארבוס, רוס, אנטארקטיקה
Hindi:
माउण्ट एरेबुस, रॉस द्वीप, अंटार्कटिका
Hungarian:
Mount Erebus, Ross-sziget, Antarktika
Iloko:
Bantay Erebus, Antartika
Indonesian:
Gunung Erebus, Pulau Ross, Antartika
Japanese:
エレバス山, ロス島, 南極大陸
Kazakh (Cyrillic Script):
Эребус, Антарктида
Korean:
에러버스산, 로스섬, 남극
Ladin:
Mount Erebus
Latin:
Mons Erebus, Antarctica
Latvian:
Erebuss, Rosa sala, Antarktīda
Lithuanian:
Erebusas, Roso sala, Antarktida
Macedonian:
Еребус, Росов Остров, Росов Архипелаг, Антарктик
Malay:
Gunung Erebus, Antartika
Norwegian:
Mount Erebus, Rossøya, Antarktika
Norwegian (Nynorsk):
Mount Erebus, Ross Island, Ross Archipelago, Antarktis
Occitan:
Mont Erebus, Antartida
Polish:
Erebus, Wyspa Rossa, Antarktyda
Portuguese:
Monte Érebo, Ilha de Ross, Arquipélago de Ross, Antártida
Romanian:
Muntele Erebus, Arhipelagul Ross, Antarctida
Scots:
Mount Erebus, Ross Island, Antarcticae
Serbian:
Еребус, Антарктик
Serbo-Croatian:
Mount Erebus, Antarktik
Slovak:
Erebus, Rossov ostrov, Antarktída
Swahili:
Mlima Erebus, Antaktiki
Swedish:
Mount Erebus, Rossön, Ross Archipelago, Antarktis
Thai:
ภูเขาไฟเอเรบัส, เกาะรอสส์, ทวีปแอนตาร์กติกา
Traditional Chinese:
埃里伯斯火山, 羅斯島, 南極洲
Turkish:
Erebus Dağı, Ross Adası, Antarktika
Ukrainian:
Еребус, Острів Росса, Антарктида
Uzbek (Latin Script):
Erebus, Antarktida
Venetian:
Erebus, Antartide
Vietnamese:
Núi Erebus, Châu Nam Cực
Waray:
Bukid Erebus, Antartika
Wu Chinese:
埃里伯斯火山, 南極洲
Mount Erebus ( /ˈɛrɪbəs/) is the second-highest volcano in Antarctica (after Mount Sidley) and the southernmost active volcano on Earth. It is the sixth-highest ultra mountain on the continent. With a summit elevation of 3,794 metres (12,448 ft), it is located in the Ross Dependency on Ross Island, which is also home to three inactive volcanoes: Mount Terror, Mount Bird, and Mount Terra Nova.
The volcano has been active since about 1.3 million years ago and is the site of the Mount Erebus Volcano Observatory run by the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology. Eruptive activity at Mount Erebus is typified by small daily strombolian eruptions, some of which eject bombs onto the crater rim. Anomalously energetic explosive activity occurred in September 1984, with bombs of up to 10 m in diameter thrown over a kilometer into the air, landing several hundred meters beyond the crater rim. The phonolite bombs are highly vesicular and contain unusually large anorthoclase feldspar crystals (up to 9 cm in length), as well as clinopyroxene crystals. The cores of the bombs are hollow, and the rims are highly vesicular. A 1 meter diameter bomb probably weights no more than 50 kg.
This type of volcanism, of phonolitic composition, is indeed unique for Erebus and the East African Rift Zone (Kilimanjaro).
The volcano was the site of the Air New Zealand Flight 901 accident, which occurred in November 1979. [Wikipedia]
Eruptions have been continual since 1972.
The volcano has been active since about 1.3 million years ago and is the site of the Mount Erebus Volcano Observatory run by the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology. Eruptive activity at Mount Erebus is typified by small daily strombolian eruptions, some of which eject bombs onto the crater rim. Anomalously energetic explosive activity occurred in September 1984, with bombs of up to 10 m in diameter thrown over a kilometer into the air, landing several hundred meters beyond the crater rim. The phonolite bombs are highly vesicular and contain unusually large anorthoclase feldspar crystals (up to 9 cm in length), as well as clinopyroxene crystals. The cores of the bombs are hollow, and the rims are highly vesicular. A 1 meter diameter bomb probably weights no more than 50 kg.
This type of volcanism, of phonolitic composition, is indeed unique for Erebus and the East African Rift Zone (Kilimanjaro).
The volcano was the site of the Air New Zealand Flight 901 accident, which occurred in November 1979. [Wikipedia]
Eruptions have been continual since 1972.
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsMineral List
45 valid minerals.
Rock Types Recorded
Select Rock List Type
Alphabetical List Tree DiagramDetailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ Albite Formula: Na(AlSi3O8) References: |
| ✪ Albite var. Anorthoclase Formula: (Na,K)AlSi3O8 Habit: prismatic Colour: gray-green color and silky luster, but the crystals are often heavily included/covered by black glass. Description: When an explosion occurs, the crystals are caught in frothy phonolite bombs, which are tossed out along the crater rim. The bombs' glassy matrix quickly weathers away to leave deep piles of crystals up to 9 cm.
References: |
| ⓘ Alunite Formula: KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ Alunogen ? Formula: Al2(SO4)3 · 17H2O |
| ⓘ Antarcticite Formula: CaCl2 · 6H2O |
| ⓘ 'Apatite' Formula: Ca5(PO4)3A |
| ⓘ Aragonite Formula: CaCO3 References: |
| ⓘ Autunite ? Formula: Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O |
| ⓘ Burkeite Formula: Na6(CO3)(SO4)2 |
| ⓘ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 |
| ⓘ 'Chabazite' References: |
| ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup' |
| ⓘ Elpasolite ? Formula: K2NaAlF6 |
| ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series' |
| ⓘ 'Feldspar Group' |
| ⓘ Fluorapatite Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F |
| ⓘ Gibbsite ? Formula: Al(OH)3 |
| ⓘ Gypsum Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ Halite Formula: NaCl |
| ⓘ Hematite Formula: Fe2O3 References: |
| ⓘ Hieratite ? Formula: K2[SiF6] |
| ⓘ Hydrokenoralstonite Formula: Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O |
| ⓘ 'Hydromolysite' ? Formula: FeCl3 · 6H2O |
| ⓘ Ilmenite Formula: Fe2+TiO3 |
| ⓘ Jarosite ? Formula: KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ Kaersutite Formula: NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2 |
| ⓘ Katoite Formula: Ca3Al2[◻(OH)4]3 |
| ⓘ Kenyaite ? Formula: Na2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O |
| ⓘ Khademite Formula: Al(SO4)F · 5H2O |
| ⓘ Magnetite Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite Formula: Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| ⓘ Malladrite ? Formula: Na2[SiF6] |
| ⓘ Meta-autunite ? Formula: Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O |
| ⓘ Mirabilite Formula: Na2SO4 · 10H2O |
| ⓘ Montmorillonite ? Formula: (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| ⓘ Muscovite ? Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite ? Formula: K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| ⓘ Native Gold Formula: Au References: |
| ⓘ Native Sulphur Formula: S8 References: |
| ⓘ Natroalunite ? Formula: NaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ Natrojarosite ? Formula: NaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ Nepheline Formula: Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| ⓘ Opal Formula: SiO2 · nH2O References: |
| ⓘ Opal var. Hyalite Formula: SiO2 · nH2O References: |
| ⓘ Oskarssonite ? Formula: AlF3 |
| ⓘ 'Phillipsite Subgroup' Formula: (Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O References: |
| ⓘ Pyrrhotite Formula: Fe1-xS |
| ⓘ Ranciéite Formula: (Ca,Mn2+)0.2(Mn4+,Mn3+)O2 · 0.6H2O |
| ⓘ Rosenbergite Formula: AlF[F0.5(H2O)0.5]4 · H2O |
| ⓘ Siderite Formula: FeCO3 References: |
| ⓘ Sodalite Formula: Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl |
| ⓘ 'Stilbite Subgroup' Formula: M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O References: |
| ⓘ Sulphohalite ? Formula: Na6(SO4)2FCl |
| ⓘ Sylvite Formula: KCl |
| ⓘ Tamarugite ? Formula: NaAl(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| ⓘ Thénardite Formula: Na2SO4 |
| ⓘ Tridymite Formula: SiO2 References: |
| ⓘ 'UM1988-02-F:AlHO' |
| ⓘ 'Unnamed (Basic Aluminium Fluoride Monohydrate)' Formula: Al(OH)0.5F2.5 · H2O |
| ⓘ 'Unnamed (Sodium Aluminium Oxide Chloride)' Formula: NaAl4O4Cl5 ? |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Native Gold | 1.AA.05 | Au |
| ⓘ | Native Sulphur | 1.CC.05 | S8 |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| ⓘ | Pyrrhotite | 2.CC.10 | Fe1-xS |
| Group 3 - Halides | |||
| ⓘ | Oskarssonite ? | 3.A0. | AlF3 |
| ⓘ | Halite | 3.AA.20 | NaCl |
| ⓘ | Sylvite | 3.AA.20 | KCl |
| ⓘ | Antarcticite | 3.BB.30 | CaCl2 · 6H2O |
| ⓘ | 'Hydromolysite' ? | 3.BC.10 | FeCl3 · 6H2O |
| ⓘ | Elpasolite ? | 3.CB.15 | K2NaAlF6 |
| ⓘ | Rosenbergite | 3.CD.05 | AlF[F0.5(H2O)0.5]4 · H2O |
| ⓘ | Hydrokenoralstonite | 3.CF.05 | Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O |
| ⓘ | Malladrite ? | 3.CH.05 | Na2[SiF6] |
| ⓘ | Hieratite ? | 3.CH.15 | K2[SiF6] |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| ⓘ | Hematite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ | Ilmenite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2+TiO3 |
| ⓘ | Opal | 4.DA.10 | SiO2 · nH2O |
| ⓘ | Tridymite | 4.DA.10 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | Opal var. Hyalite | 4.DA.10 | SiO2 · nH2O |
| ⓘ | Gibbsite ? | 4.FE.10 | Al(OH)3 |
| ⓘ | Katoite | 4.FF. | Ca3Al2[◻(OH)4]3 |
| ⓘ | Ranciéite | 4.FL.40 | (Ca,Mn2+)0.2(Mn4+,Mn3+)O2 · 0.6H2O |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Siderite | 5.AB.05 | FeCO3 |
| ⓘ | Aragonite | 5.AB.15 | CaCO3 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | Thénardite | 7.AD.25 | Na2SO4 |
| ⓘ | Alunite | 7.BC.10 | KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Jarosite ? | 7.BC.10 | KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Natroalunite ? | 7.BC.10 | NaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Natrojarosite ? | 7.BC.10 | NaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Sulphohalite ? | 7.BD.05 | Na6(SO4)2FCl |
| ⓘ | Burkeite | 7.BD.25 | Na6(CO3)(SO4)2 |
| ⓘ | Alunogen ? | 7.CB.45 | Al2(SO4)3 · 17H2O |
| ⓘ | Tamarugite ? | 7.CC.10 | NaAl(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| ⓘ | Mirabilite | 7.CD.10 | Na2SO4 · 10H2O |
| ⓘ | Gypsum | 7.CD.40 | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Khademite | 7.DB.10 | Al(SO4)F · 5H2O |
| Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates | |||
| ⓘ | Fluorapatite | 8.BN.05 | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| ⓘ | Autunite ? | 8.EB.05 | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O |
| ⓘ | Meta-autunite ? | 8.EB.10 | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Kaersutite | 9.DE.15 | NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2 |
| ⓘ | Muscovite var. Illite ? | 9.EC.15 | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| ⓘ | ? | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Montmorillonite ? | 9.EC.40 | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| ⓘ | Nepheline | 9.FA.05 | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| ⓘ | Albite | 9.FA.35 | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | var. Anorthoclase | 9.FA.35 | (Na,K)AlSi3O8 |
| ⓘ | Sodalite | 9.FB.10 | Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl |
| ⓘ | Kenyaite ? | 9.HA.10 | Na2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O |
| Unclassified | |||
| ⓘ | 'Chabazite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Feldspar Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Phillipsite Subgroup' | - | (Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O |
| ⓘ | 'Stilbite Subgroup' | - | M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O |
| ⓘ | 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Apatite' | - | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| ⓘ | 'UM1988-02-F:AlHO' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Unnamed (Basic Aluminium Fluoride Monohydrate)' | - | Al(OH)0.5F2.5 · H2O |
| ⓘ | 'Unnamed (Sodium Aluminium Oxide Chloride)' | - | NaAl4O4Cl5 ? |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Alunite | KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Alunogen | Al2(SO4)3 · 17H2O |
| H | ⓘ Antarcticite | CaCl2 · 6H2O |
| H | ⓘ Autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O |
| H | ⓘ Gibbsite | Al(OH)3 |
| H | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Hydromolysite | FeCl3 · 6H2O |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Jarosite | KFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Katoite | Ca3Al2[◻(OH)4]3 |
| H | ⓘ Kenyaite | Na2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O |
| H | ⓘ Khademite | Al(SO4)F · 5H2O |
| H | ⓘ Meta-autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O |
| H | ⓘ Mirabilite | Na2SO4 · 10H2O |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| H | ⓘ Natroalunite | NaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Natrojarosite | NaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
| H | ⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup | (Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O |
| H | ⓘ Hydrokenoralstonite | Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Ranciéite | (Ca,Mn2+)0.2(Mn4+,Mn3+)O2 · 0.6H2O |
| H | ⓘ Rosenbergite | AlF[F0.5(H2O)0.5]4 · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Stilbite Subgroup | M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O |
| H | ⓘ Tamarugite | NaAl(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| H | ⓘ Opal var. Hyalite | SiO2 · nH2O |
| H | ⓘ Unnamed (Basic Aluminium Fluoride Monohydrate) | Al(OH)0.5F2.5 · H2O |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Burkeite | Na6(CO3)(SO4)2 |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Alunite | KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Alunogen | Al2(SO4)3 · 17H2O |
| O | ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase | (Na,K)AlSi3O8 |
| O | ⓘ Antarcticite | CaCl2 · 6H2O |
| O | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O |
| O | ⓘ Burkeite | Na6(CO3)(SO4)2 |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| O | ⓘ Gibbsite | Al(OH)3 |
| O | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Hydromolysite | FeCl3 · 6H2O |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| O | ⓘ Jarosite | KFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Kaersutite | NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2 |
| O | ⓘ Katoite | Ca3Al2[◻(OH)4]3 |
| O | ⓘ Kenyaite | Na2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O |
| O | ⓘ Khademite | Al(SO4)F · 5H2O |
| O | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Meta-autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O |
| O | ⓘ Mirabilite | Na2SO4 · 10H2O |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| O | ⓘ Natroalunite | NaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Natrojarosite | NaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| O | ⓘ Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
| O | ⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup | (Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O |
| O | ⓘ Hydrokenoralstonite | Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Ranciéite | (Ca,Mn2+)0.2(Mn4+,Mn3+)O2 · 0.6H2O |
| O | ⓘ Rosenbergite | AlF[F0.5(H2O)0.5]4 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Sodalite | Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl |
| O | ⓘ Stilbite Subgroup | M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O |
| O | ⓘ Sulphohalite | Na6(SO4)2FCl |
| O | ⓘ Tamarugite | NaAl(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| O | ⓘ Thénardite | Na2SO4 |
| O | ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Tridymite | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series | |
| O | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| O | ⓘ Opal var. Hyalite | SiO2 · nH2O |
| O | ⓘ Unnamed (Basic Aluminium Fluoride Monohydrate) | Al(OH)0.5F2.5 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Unnamed (Sodium Aluminium Oxide Chloride) | NaAl4O4Cl5 ? |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | ⓘ Elpasolite | K2NaAlF6 |
| F | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| F | ⓘ Hieratite | K2[SiF6] |
| F | ⓘ Khademite | Al(SO4)F · 5H2O |
| F | ⓘ Malladrite | Na2[SiF6] |
| F | ⓘ Hydrokenoralstonite | Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O |
| F | ⓘ Rosenbergite | AlF[F0.5(H2O)0.5]4 · H2O |
| F | ⓘ Sulphohalite | Na6(SO4)2FCl |
| F | ⓘ Oskarssonite | AlF3 |
| F | ⓘ Unnamed (Basic Aluminium Fluoride Monohydrate) | Al(OH)0.5F2.5 · H2O |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Na | ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase | (Na,K)AlSi3O8 |
| Na | ⓘ Burkeite | Na6(CO3)(SO4)2 |
| Na | ⓘ Elpasolite | K2NaAlF6 |
| Na | ⓘ Halite | NaCl |
| Na | ⓘ Kaersutite | NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2 |
| Na | ⓘ Kenyaite | Na2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O |
| Na | ⓘ Malladrite | Na2[SiF6] |
| Na | ⓘ Mirabilite | Na2SO4 · 10H2O |
| Na | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Na | ⓘ Natroalunite | NaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| Na | ⓘ Natrojarosite | NaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| Na | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| Na | ⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup | (Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O |
| Na | ⓘ Hydrokenoralstonite | Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O |
| Na | ⓘ Sodalite | Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl |
| Na | ⓘ Sulphohalite | Na6(SO4)2FCl |
| Na | ⓘ Tamarugite | NaAl(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| Na | ⓘ Thénardite | Na2SO4 |
| Na | ⓘ Unnamed (Sodium Aluminium Oxide Chloride) | NaAl4O4Cl5 ? |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Kaersutite | NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Mg | ⓘ Hydrokenoralstonite | Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O |
| Mg | ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series | |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Alunite | KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| Al | ⓘ Alunogen | Al2(SO4)3 · 17H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase | (Na,K)AlSi3O8 |
| Al | ⓘ Elpasolite | K2NaAlF6 |
| Al | ⓘ Gibbsite | Al(OH)3 |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Kaersutite | NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2 |
| Al | ⓘ Katoite | Ca3Al2[◻(OH)4]3 |
| Al | ⓘ Khademite | Al(SO4)F · 5H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Al | ⓘ Natroalunite | NaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| Al | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| Al | ⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup | (Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Hydrokenoralstonite | Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Rosenbergite | AlF[F0.5(H2O)0.5]4 · H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Sodalite | Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl |
| Al | ⓘ Stilbite Subgroup | M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O |
| Al | ⓘ Tamarugite | NaAl(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Oskarssonite | AlF3 |
| Al | ⓘ Unnamed (Basic Aluminium Fluoride Monohydrate) | Al(OH)0.5F2.5 · H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Unnamed (Sodium Aluminium Oxide Chloride) | NaAl4O4Cl5 ? |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase | (Na,K)AlSi3O8 |
| Si | ⓘ Hieratite | K2[SiF6] |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Kaersutite | NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2 |
| Si | ⓘ Kenyaite | Na2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Malladrite | Na2[SiF6] |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Si | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| Si | ⓘ Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
| Si | ⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup | (Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Sodalite | Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl |
| Si | ⓘ Stilbite Subgroup | M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O |
| Si | ⓘ Tridymite | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series | |
| Si | ⓘ Opal var. Hyalite | SiO2 · nH2O |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | ⓘ Autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O |
| P | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| P | ⓘ Meta-autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O |
| P | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Alunite | KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| S | ⓘ Alunogen | Al2(SO4)3 · 17H2O |
| S | ⓘ Burkeite | Na6(CO3)(SO4)2 |
| S | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| S | ⓘ Jarosite | KFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| S | ⓘ Khademite | Al(SO4)F · 5H2O |
| S | ⓘ Mirabilite | Na2SO4 · 10H2O |
| S | ⓘ Natroalunite | NaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| S | ⓘ Natrojarosite | NaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| S | ⓘ Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| S | ⓘ Sulphohalite | Na6(SO4)2FCl |
| S | ⓘ Native Sulphur | S8 |
| S | ⓘ Tamarugite | NaAl(SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| S | ⓘ Thénardite | Na2SO4 |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | ⓘ Antarcticite | CaCl2 · 6H2O |
| Cl | ⓘ Halite | NaCl |
| Cl | ⓘ Hydromolysite | FeCl3 · 6H2O |
| Cl | ⓘ Sodalite | Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl |
| Cl | ⓘ Sulphohalite | Na6(SO4)2FCl |
| Cl | ⓘ Sylvite | KCl |
| Cl | ⓘ Unnamed (Sodium Aluminium Oxide Chloride) | NaAl4O4Cl5 ? |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | ⓘ Alunite | KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| K | ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase | (Na,K)AlSi3O8 |
| K | ⓘ Elpasolite | K2NaAlF6 |
| K | ⓘ Hieratite | K2[SiF6] |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Jarosite | KFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| K | ⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup | (Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O |
| K | ⓘ Sylvite | KCl |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Antarcticite | CaCl2 · 6H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| Ca | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Kaersutite | NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Katoite | Ca3Al2[◻(OH)4]3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Meta-autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup | (Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Ranciéite | (Ca,Mn2+)0.2(Mn4+,Mn3+)O2 · 0.6H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| Ti | Titanium | |
| Ti | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| Ti | ⓘ Kaersutite | NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| Mn | Manganese | |
| Mn | ⓘ Ranciéite | (Ca,Mn2+)0.2(Mn4+,Mn3+)O2 · 0.6H2O |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Hydromolysite | FeCl3 · 6H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Jarosite | KFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Natrojarosite | NaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| Fe | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series | |
| Ba | Barium | |
| Ba | ⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup | (Ca0.5,K,Na,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O |
| Au | Gold | |
| Au | ⓘ Native Gold | Au |
| U | Uranium | |
| U | ⓘ Autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O |
| U | ⓘ Meta-autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O |
Other Databases
| Wikipedia: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Erebus |
|---|---|
| Wikidata ID: | Q188982 |
Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality
Antarctic PlateTectonic Plate
- Erebus Volcanic ProvinceMagmatic Province
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References
Giggenbach, Werner F., Kyle, Philip R., Lyon, Graeme L. (1973) Present Volcanic Activity on Mount Erebus, Ross Island, Antarctica. Geology, 1 (3) 135 doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1973)1<135:pvaome>2.0.co;2
Rose, William I., Chuan, Raymond L., Kyle, Philip R. (1985) Rate of sulphur dioxide emission from Erebus volcano, Antarctica, December 1983. Nature, 316 (6030). 710-712 doi:10.1038/316710a0
Rosenberg, Philip E. (1988) Aluminum fluoride hydrates, volcanogenic salts from Mount Erebus, Antarctica. American Mineralogist, 73 (7-8) 855-860
Kyle, Philip R., Meeker, Kimberley, Finnegan, David (1990) Emission rates of sulfur dioxide, trace gases and metals from Mount Erebus, Antarctica. Geophysical Research Letters, 17 (12) 2125-2128 doi:10.1029/gl017i012p02125
Meeker, Kimberly A., Chuan, Ray L., Kyle, Philip R., Palais, Julie M. (1991) Emission of elemental gold particles from Mount Erebus, Ross Island, Antarctica. Geophysical Research Letters, 18 (8) 1405-1408 doi:10.1029/91gl01928
Zreda-Gostynska, Grazyna, Kyle, Philip R., Finnegan, David L. (1993) Chlorine, fluorine, and sulfur emissions from Mount Erebus, Antarctica and estimated contributions to the Antarctic atmosphere. Geophysical Research Letters, 20 (18) 1959-1962 doi:10.1029/93gl01879
Zreda-Gostynska, Grazyna, Kyle, Philip R., Finnegan, D., Prestbo, Kimberly Meeker (1997) Volcanic gas emissions from Mount Erebus and their impact on the Antarctic environment. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 102. 15039-15055 doi:10.1029/97jb00155
Rowe, C. A., Aster, R. C., Kyle, P. R., Schlue, J. W., Dibble, R. R. (1998) Broadband recording of Strombolian explosions and associated very-long-period seismic signals on Mount Erebus Volcano, Ross Island, Antarctica. Geophysical Research Letters, 25 (13) 2297-2300 doi:10.1029/98gl01622
Esser, Richard P., Kyle, Philip R., McIntosh, William C. (2004) 40Ar/39Ar dating of the eruptive history of Mount Erebus, Antarctica: volcano evolution. Bulletin of Volcanology, 66 (8). 671-686 doi:10.1007/s00445-004-0354-x
Wardell, L.J., Kyle, P.R., Chaffin, C. (2004) Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide emission rates from an alkaline intra-plate volcano: Mt. Erebus, Antarctica. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 131 (1) 109-121 doi:10.1016/s0377-0273(03)00320-2
Sweeney, Dawn, Kyle, Philip R., Oppenheimer, Clive (2008) Sulfur dioxide emissions and degassing behavior of Erebus volcano, Antarctica. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 177 (3) 725-733 doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.01.024
Mount Erebus, Ross Island, Ross Archipelago, Victoria Land, East Antarctica, Antarctica