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Greater Khorat Basin, Eurasian Plate i
Regional Level Types
Greater Khorat Basin Basin
Eurasian Plate Tectonic Plate

Regional Level Types
Greater Khorat Basin	Basin
Eurasian Plate	Tectonic Plate

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Predictive Mineralogy

Village near Muong Nong with Newly Constructed Road

Muong Nong impactite locality, Nong District, Savannakhet Province, Laos

Clouds over Bolaven Volcanics

Bolovens and Kasseng Plateau, Paksong District, Champasak Province, Laos

Tektite

Nakhon Ratchasima, Nakhon Ratchasima District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand

Village near Muong Nong with Newly Constructed Road

Muong Nong impactite locality, Nong District, Savannakhet Province, Laos

Clouds over Bolaven Volcanics

Bolovens and Kasseng Plateau, Paksong District, Champasak Province, Laos

Tektite

Nakhon Ratchasima, Nakhon Ratchasima District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand

Village near Muong Nong with Newly Constructed Road

Muong Nong impactite locality, Nong District, Savannakhet Province, Laos

Clouds over Bolaven Volcanics

Bolovens and Kasseng Plateau, Paksong District, Champasak Province, Laos

Type:

Basin

Largest Settlements:

Place	Population
Udon Thani	247,231 (2012)
Nakhon Ratchasima	208,781 (2011)
Vientiane	196,731 (2012)
Khon Kaen	147,579 (2015)
Ubon Ratchathani	122,533 (2017)
Pakse	88,332 (2016)

Mindat Locality ID:

424354

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:2:424354:3

GUID (UUID V4):

The main stratigraphic sequence developed from bottom to top is as follows: The Lower Salt layer is the primary potash-bearing horizon. Its base usually develops an anhydrite layer, the middle part consists of massive halite layers, and the top hosts potash-magnesium ore layers. The overlying Lower Clastic layer is mainly composed of reddish-brown mudstone, which serves not only as the caprock for the first salt-forming cycle but also as a crucial marker for distinguishing the Lower and Middle Salt layers. Upwards, the Middle Salt layer, predominantly composed of halite, and the Upper Salt layer, mainly consisting of locally and sparsely distributed anhydrite or gypsum, are sequentially developed. The topmost Upper Clastic layer mainly consists of mudstone and sandy mudstone, constituting the sedimentary caprock at the top of the entire salt-bearing sequence.
Potash mineralization in the region is mainly hosted at the top of the Lower Salt layer, with significant variations in ore layer thickness. The core minerals include carnallite, sylvite, and halite. Primary sedimentation is dominated by carnallite, which is pink to red and features a typical high GR response and susceptibility to dissolution-induced wellbore enlargement. Sylvite is mostly of secondary origin, formed by the leaching modification and dehydration recrystallization of carnallite layers by later fresh water or low-salinity brines. It often exhibits a white or light pink granular texture and is primarily distributed at the top or shallow flanks of “salt anticline” structures. This is mainly because the salt layers uplifted under tectonic stress, and the top and shallow flanks of the anticlines were subjected to strong extensional stress, leading to the destruction of the original sealed system and the development of numerous faults or tectonic fractures. These fracture networks provided natural pathways for the infiltration and continuous migration of surface fresh water or shallow low-salinity groundwater.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.

Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

25 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ 'Alkali Feldspar'

Locality: Kantharalak Volcanic Plug, Kantharalak Volcanic Field, Si Sa Ket Province, Thailand

References:

Barr, S. M., & MacDonald, A. S. (1978). Geochemistry and petrogenesis of Late Cenozoic alkaline basalts of Thailand. Geological Society of Malaysia Bulletin, 10, 25-52.

Barr, S. M., & Macdonald, A. S. (1979). Palaeomagnetism, age, and geochemistry of the Denchai basalt, northern Thailand. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 46(1), 113-124.

ⓘ Anhydrite

Formula: CaSO₄

Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.

ⓘ 'Apatite'

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃A

Locality: Kantharalak Volcanic Plug, Kantharalak Volcanic Field, Si Sa Ket Province, Thailand

References:

Barr, S. M., & MacDonald, A. S. (1978). Geochemistry and petrogenesis of Late Cenozoic alkaline basalts of Thailand. Geological Society of Malaysia Bulletin, 10, 25-52.

Barr, S. M., & Macdonald, A. S. (1979). Palaeomagnetism, age, and geochemistry of the Denchai basalt, northern Thailand. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 46(1), 113-124.

ⓘ Augite

Formula: (Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆

Locality: Kantharalak Volcanic Plug, Kantharalak Volcanic Field, Si Sa Ket Province, Thailand

References:

Barr, S. M., & MacDonald, A. S. (1978). Geochemistry and petrogenesis of Late Cenozoic alkaline basalts of Thailand. Geological Society of Malaysia Bulletin, 10, 25-52.

Barr, S. M., & Macdonald, A. S. (1979). Palaeomagnetism, age, and geochemistry of the Denchai basalt, northern Thailand. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 46(1), 113-124.

ⓘ 'Biotite'

Formula: K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂

Locality: Kantharalak Volcanic Plug, Kantharalak Volcanic Field, Si Sa Ket Province, Thailand

References:

Barr, S. M., & MacDonald, A. S. (1978). Geochemistry and petrogenesis of Late Cenozoic alkaline basalts of Thailand. Geological Society of Malaysia Bulletin, 10, 25-52.

Barr, S. M., & Macdonald, A. S. (1979). Palaeomagnetism, age, and geochemistry of the Denchai basalt, northern Thailand. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 46(1), 113-124.

ⓘ Boracite

Formula: Mg₃(B₇O₁₃)Cl

Localities:

Dong Tai potash deposit, Thakhek District, Khammouane Province, Laos
Friendship Highway boreholes, Chaloem Phra Kiat district, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

Localities:

Borabu salt dome, Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand
Unnamed quarry, Khao Krae Dong (Khao Kradong), Buriram Province, Thailand

ⓘ Carnallite

Formula: KMgCl₃ · 6H₂O

Localities:

Dong Tai potash deposit, Thakhek District, Khammouane Province, Laos
Borabu salt dome, Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand
Greater Khorat Basin, Eurasian Plate
Maha Sarakham Formation, Greater Khorat Basin, Eurasian Plate
Friendship Highway boreholes, Chaloem Phra Kiat district, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand

ⓘ 'Chabazite'

Locality: Unnamed quarry, Khao Krae Dong (Khao Kradong), Buriram Province, Thailand

References:

Hansen, Bjørn (2005) Thailand-hilsen med stein. STEIN. Nordisk magasin for populær geologi, 32 (1) 13-15

ⓘ Chalcocite

Formula: Cu₂S

Locality: NaMeung deposit, Saison Ben Co., Vientiane Province, Laos

References:

IN, G. (2014), Geological and Geochemical Characteristics of the NaMeung Copper Polymetal Deposit, Laos. Acta Geologica Sinica, 88: 1144–1145

ⓘ Chalcopyrite

Formula: CuFeS₂

Localities:

NaMeung deposit, Saison Ben Co., Vientiane Province, Laos
Borabu salt dome, Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand

ⓘ Diopside

Formula: CaMgSi₂O₆

Locality: NaMeung deposit, Saison Ben Co., Vientiane Province, Laos

References:

IN, G. (2014), Geological and Geochemical Characteristics of the NaMeung Copper Polymetal Deposit, Laos. Acta Geologica Sinica, 88: 1144–1145

ⓘ Dolomite

Formula: CaMg(CO₃)₂

Locality: Borabu salt dome, Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand

References:

Tabakh, M. E., Schreiber, B. C., Utha‐Aroon, C., Coshell, L., & Warren, J. K. (1998). Diagenetic origin of basal anhydrite in the Cretaceous Maha Sarakham salt: Khorat Plateau, NE Thailand. Sedimentology, 45(3), 579-594.

ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'

Locality: Kantharalak Volcanic Plug, Kantharalak Volcanic Field, Si Sa Ket Province, Thailand

References:

Barr, S. M., & MacDonald, A. S. (1978). Geochemistry and petrogenesis of Late Cenozoic alkaline basalts of Thailand. Geological Society of Malaysia Bulletin, 10, 25-52.

Barr, S. M., & Macdonald, A. S. (1979). Palaeomagnetism, age, and geochemistry of the Denchai basalt, northern Thailand. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 46(1), 113-124.

ⓘ Galena

Formula: PbS

Locality: Borabu salt dome, Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand

References:

ⓘ 'Garnet Group'

Formula: X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃

Locality: NaMeung deposit, Saison Ben Co., Vientiane Province, Laos

References:

IN, G. (2014), Geological and Geochemical Characteristics of the NaMeung Copper Polymetal Deposit, Laos. Acta Geologica Sinica, 88: 1144–1145

ⓘ Gypsum

Formula: CaSO₄ · 2H₂O

Localities:

Dong Tai potash deposit, Thakhek District, Khammouane Province, Laos
Greater Khorat Basin, Eurasian Plate
Friendship Highway boreholes, Chaloem Phra Kiat district, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand
Champhon, Champhone District, Savannakhet Province, Laos

ⓘ Halite

Formula: NaCl

Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.

ⓘ 'Hypersthene'

Formula: (Mg,Fe)SiO₃

Locality: Kantharalak Volcanic Field, Si Sa Ket Province, Thailand

References:

Part II, 1069-1142.

Barr, S. M., & MacDonald, A. S. (1978). Geochemistry and petrogenesis of Late Cenozoic alkaline basalts of Thailand. Geological Society of Malaysia Bulletin, 10, 25-52.

Barr, S. M., & MacDonald, A. S. (1981). Geochemistry and geochronology of late Cenozoic basalts of Southeast Asia: Summary. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 92, Part I, 508-512

Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (1989) A Classification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms - Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks (1st ed.). Blackwell Scientific Publications.

Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

Localities:

NaMeung deposit, Saison Ben Co., Vientiane Province, Laos
Kantharalak Volcanic Plug, Kantharalak Volcanic Field, Si Sa Ket Province, Thailand

ⓘ Mesolite ?

Formula: Na₂Ca₂Si₉Al₆O₃₀ · 8H₂O

Locality: Unnamed quarry, Khao Krae Dong (Khao Kradong), Buriram Province, Thailand

References:

Hansen, Bjørn (2005) Thailand-hilsen med stein. STEIN. Nordisk magasin for populær geologi, 32 (1) 13-15

ⓘ Nepheline

Formula: Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)

Localities:

Bolovens and Kasseng Plateau, Paksong District, Champasak Province, Laos
Kantharalak Volcanic Field, Si Sa Ket Province, Thailand

✪ Opal

Formula: SiO₂ · nH₂O

Locality: Nakhon Ratchasima (Khorat; Korat; Nakorn Rajsima), Nakhon Ratchasima District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand

Colour: White, brown, tan, black

Fluorescence: Green (SW UV).

Description: Occurs replacing wood in smaller logs and as rinds of opalized wood around larger petrified logs.

References:

C. Lemanski, Jr. (visited, collected & photographed).

ⓘ Opal var. Opal-Agate

Formula: SiO₂ · nH₂O

Locality: Nakhon Ratchasima (Khorat; Korat; Nakorn Rajsima), Nakhon Ratchasima District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand

Colour: colorless, white, earth tones, black

Fluorescence: Green (SW UV)

Description: Occurs as pebbles weathered from veins. Displays fine banding exactly like banded agate.

References:

C. Lemanski, Jr. (visited, collected & photographed).

✪ 'Petrified Wood'

Locality: Nakhon Ratchasima (Khorat; Korat; Nakorn Rajsima), Nakhon Ratchasima District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand

Colour: White, brown, tan, black

Fluorescence: Green (SW UV).

Description: Occurs replacing wood in smaller logs and as rinds of opalized wood around larger petrified logs.

References:

C. Lemanski, Jr. (visited, collected & photographed).

ⓘ 'Phillipsite Subgroup'

Formula: (Ca_0.5,K,Na,Ba_0.5)_4-7[Al_4-7Si_12-9O₃₂] ^. 12H₂O

Locality: Unnamed quarry, Khao Krae Dong (Khao Kradong), Buriram Province, Thailand

References:

Hansen, Bjørn (2005) Thailand-hilsen med stein. STEIN. Nordisk magasin for populær geologi, 32 (1) 13-15

ⓘ 'Plagioclase'

Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈

Locality: Kantharalak Volcanic Plug, Kantharalak Volcanic Field, Si Sa Ket Province, Thailand

References:

Barr, S. M., & MacDonald, A. S. (1978). Geochemistry and petrogenesis of Late Cenozoic alkaline basalts of Thailand. Geological Society of Malaysia Bulletin, 10, 25-52.

Barr, S. M., & Macdonald, A. S. (1979). Palaeomagnetism, age, and geochemistry of the Denchai basalt, northern Thailand. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 46(1), 113-124.

ⓘ Prehnite ?

Formula: Ca₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀(OH)₂

Locality: Unnamed quarry, Khao Krae Dong (Khao Kradong), Buriram Province, Thailand

References:

Hansen, Bjørn (2005) Thailand-hilsen med stein. STEIN. Nordisk magasin for populær geologi, 32 (1) 13-15

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

Locality: Borabu salt dome, Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand

References:

ⓘ Pyrrhotite

Formula: Fe_1-xS

Locality: Shenzhuangite Occurrence, Nong District, Savannakhet Province, Laos

References:

Křížová, Šárka, Skála, Roman, Halodová, Patricie, Žák, Karel, Ackerman, Lukáš (2019) Near end-member shenzhuangite, NiFeS2, found in Muong Nong-type tektites from Laos. American Mineralogist, 104 (8) 1165-1172 doi:10.2138/am-2019-6930

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

Localities:

Nakhon Ratchasima (Khorat; Korat; Nakorn Rajsima), Nakhon Ratchasima District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand
Muong Toumlane impactite locality, Salavan Province, Laos

ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst

Formula: SiO₂

Locality: Nakhon Ratchasima (Khorat; Korat; Nakorn Rajsima), Nakhon Ratchasima District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand

References:

C. Lemanski, Jr. (visited, collected & photographed).

ⓘ 'Rhombohedral Carbonate'

Formula: (Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO₃

Locality: Kantharalak Volcanic Plug, Kantharalak Volcanic Field, Si Sa Ket Province, Thailand

References:

Barr, S. M., & MacDonald, A. S. (1978). Geochemistry and petrogenesis of Late Cenozoic alkaline basalts of Thailand. Geological Society of Malaysia Bulletin, 10, 25-52.

Barr, S. M., & Macdonald, A. S. (1979). Palaeomagnetism, age, and geochemistry of the Denchai basalt, northern Thailand. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 46(1), 113-124.

ⓘ Shenzhuangite

Formula: NiFeS₂

Locality: Shenzhuangite Occurrence, Nong District, Savannakhet Province, Laos

References:

ⓘ Sphalerite

Formula: ZnS

Locality: NaMeung deposit, Saison Ben Co., Vientiane Province, Laos

References:

IN, G. (2014), Geological and Geochemical Characteristics of the NaMeung Copper Polymetal Deposit, Laos. Acta Geologica Sinica, 88: 1144–1145

ⓘ Sylvite

Formula: KCl

Localities:

ⓘ Tachyhydrite

Formula: CaMg₂Cl₆ · 12H₂O

Localities:

Borabu salt dome, Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand
Maha Sarakham Formation, Greater Khorat Basin, Eurasian Plate
Friendship Highway boreholes, Chaloem Phra Kiat district, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand

ⓘ 'Tektite var. Australite'

Locality: Muong Toumlane impactite locality, Salavan Province, Laos

References:

Sieh, Kerry, Herrin, Jason, Jicha, Brian, Schonwalder Angel, Dayana, Moore, James D. P., Banerjee, Paramesh, Wiwegwin, Weerachat, Sihavong, Vanpheng, Singer, Brad, Chualaowanich, Tawachai, Charusiri, Punya (2020) Australasian impact crater buried under the Bolaven volcanic field, Southern Laos. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117 (3) 1346-1353 doi:10.1073/pnas.1904368116

ⓘ 'Tektite var. Indochinite'

Localities:

Nakhon Ratchasima (Khorat; Korat; Nakorn Rajsima), Nakhon Ratchasima District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand
Muong Nong impactite locality, Nong District, Savannakhet Province, Laos

ⓘ 'Zeolite Group'

Locality: Kantharalak Volcanic Plug, Kantharalak Volcanic Field, Si Sa Ket Province, Thailand

References:

Barr, S. M., & MacDonald, A. S. (1978). Geochemistry and petrogenesis of Late Cenozoic alkaline basalts of Thailand. Geological Society of Malaysia Bulletin, 10, 25-52.

Barr, S. M., & Macdonald, A. S. (1979). Palaeomagnetism, age, and geochemistry of the Denchai basalt, northern Thailand. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 46(1), 113-124.

ⓘ Zircon

Formula: Zr(SiO₄)

Locality: Bolovens and Kasseng Plateau, Paksong District, Champasak Province, Laos

References:

Barr, S. M., & MacDonald, A. S. (1981). Geochemistry and geochronology of late Cenozoic basalts of Southeast Asia. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 92(8_Part_II), 1069-1142.

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Chalcocite	2.BA.05	Cu₂S
ⓘ	Sphalerite	2.CB.05a	ZnS
ⓘ	Shenzhuangite	2.CB.07a	NiFeS₂
ⓘ	Chalcopyrite	2.CB.10a	CuFeS₂
ⓘ	Pyrrhotite	2.CC.10	Fe_1-xS
ⓘ	Galena	2.CD.10	PbS
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘ	Halite	3.AA.20	NaCl
ⓘ	Sylvite	3.AA.20	KCl
ⓘ	Carnallite	3.BA.10	KMgCl₃ · 6H₂O
ⓘ	Tachyhydrite	3.BB.35	CaMg₂Cl₆ · 12H₂O
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Quartz var. Amethyst	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ		4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	Opal	4.DA.10	SiO₂ · nH₂O
ⓘ	var. Opal-Agate	4.DA.10	SiO₂ · nH₂O
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Dolomite	5.AB.10	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Group 6 - Borates
ⓘ	Boracite	6.GA.05	Mg₃(B₇O₁₃)Cl
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘ	Anhydrite	7.AD.30	CaSO₄
ⓘ	Gypsum	7.CD.40	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Zircon	9.AD.30	Zr(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Augite	9.DA.15	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Diopside	9.DA.15	CaMgSi₂O₆
ⓘ	Prehnite ?	9.DP.20	Ca₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀(OH)₂
ⓘ	Nepheline	9.FA.05	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
ⓘ	'Zeolite Group'	9.G0.
ⓘ	Mesolite ?	9.GA.05	Na₂Ca₂Si₉Al₆O₃₀ · 8H₂O
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Alkali Feldspar'	-
ⓘ	'Biotite'	-	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
ⓘ	'Chabazite'	-
ⓘ	'Hypersthene'	-	(Mg,Fe)SiO₃
ⓘ	'Phillipsite Subgroup'	-	(Ca_0.5,K,Na,Ba_0.5)_4-7[Al_4-7Si_12-9O₃₂] ^. 12H₂O
ⓘ	'Petrified Wood'	-
ⓘ	'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'	-
ⓘ	'Plagioclase'	-	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
ⓘ	'Garnet Group'	-	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	'Tektite var. Indochinite'	-
ⓘ	'Apatite'	-	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
ⓘ	'Tektite var. Australite'	-
ⓘ	'Rhombohedral Carbonate'	-	(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO₃

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
H	ⓘ Carnallite	KMgCl₃ · 6H₂O
H	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Mesolite	Na₂Ca₂Si₉Al₆O₃₀ · 8H₂O
H	ⓘ Opal	SiO₂ · nH₂O
H	ⓘ Opal var. Opal-Agate	SiO₂ · nH₂O
H	ⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup	(Ca_0.5,K,Na,Ba_0.5)_4-7[Al_4-7Si_12-9O₃₂] ^. 12H₂O
H	ⓘ Prehnite	Ca₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Tachyhydrite	CaMg₂Cl₆ · 12H₂O
B	Boron
B	ⓘ Boracite	Mg₃(B₇O₁₃)Cl
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate	(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO₃
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Anhydrite	CaSO₄
O	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
O	ⓘ Boracite	Mg₃(B₇O₁₃)Cl
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Carnallite	KMgCl₃ · 6H₂O
O	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Hypersthene	(Mg,Fe)SiO₃
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Mesolite	Na₂Ca₂Si₉Al₆O₃₀ · 8H₂O
O	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
O	ⓘ Opal	SiO₂ · nH₂O
O	ⓘ Opal var. Opal-Agate	SiO₂ · nH₂O
O	ⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup	(Ca_0.5,K,Na,Ba_0.5)_4-7[Al_4-7Si_12-9O₃₂] ^. 12H₂O
O	ⓘ Prehnite	Ca₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Tachyhydrite	CaMg₂Cl₆ · 12H₂O
O	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
O	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
O	ⓘ Garnet Group	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
O	ⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate	(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO₃
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Halite	NaCl
Na	ⓘ Mesolite	Na₂Ca₂Si₉Al₆O₃₀ · 8H₂O
Na	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Na	ⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup	(Ca_0.5,K,Na,Ba_0.5)_4-7[Al_4-7Si_12-9O₃₂] ^. 12H₂O
Na	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Mg	ⓘ Boracite	Mg₃(B₇O₁₃)Cl
Mg	ⓘ Carnallite	KMgCl₃ · 6H₂O
Mg	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Mg	ⓘ Hypersthene	(Mg,Fe)SiO₃
Mg	ⓘ Tachyhydrite	CaMg₂Cl₆ · 12H₂O
Mg	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Mg	ⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate	(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO₃
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Al	ⓘ Mesolite	Na₂Ca₂Si₉Al₆O₃₀ · 8H₂O
Al	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Al	ⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup	(Ca_0.5,K,Na,Ba_0.5)_4-7[Al_4-7Si_12-9O₃₂] ^. 12H₂O
Al	ⓘ Prehnite	Ca₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Si	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Hypersthene	(Mg,Fe)SiO₃
Si	ⓘ Mesolite	Na₂Ca₂Si₉Al₆O₃₀ · 8H₂O
Si	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Si	ⓘ Opal	SiO₂ · nH₂O
Si	ⓘ Opal var. Opal-Agate	SiO₂ · nH₂O
Si	ⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup	(Ca_0.5,K,Na,Ba_0.5)_4-7[Al_4-7Si_12-9O₃₂] ^. 12H₂O
Si	ⓘ Prehnite	Ca₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Si	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Si	ⓘ Garnet Group	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Anhydrite	CaSO₄
S	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
S	ⓘ Chalcocite	Cu₂S
S	ⓘ Galena	PbS
S	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
S	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
S	ⓘ Shenzhuangite	NiFeS₂
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Boracite	Mg₃(B₇O₁₃)Cl
Cl	ⓘ Carnallite	KMgCl₃ · 6H₂O
Cl	ⓘ Halite	NaCl
Cl	ⓘ Sylvite	KCl
Cl	ⓘ Tachyhydrite	CaMg₂Cl₆ · 12H₂O
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
K	ⓘ Carnallite	KMgCl₃ · 6H₂O
K	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
K	ⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup	(Ca_0.5,K,Na,Ba_0.5)_4-7[Al_4-7Si_12-9O₃₂] ^. 12H₂O
K	ⓘ Sylvite	KCl
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Anhydrite	CaSO₄
Ca	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Mesolite	Na₂Ca₂Si₉Al₆O₃₀ · 8H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup	(Ca_0.5,K,Na,Ba_0.5)_4-7[Al_4-7Si_12-9O₃₂] ^. 12H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Prehnite	Ca₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Tachyhydrite	CaMg₂Cl₆ · 12H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Ca	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃A
Ca	ⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate	(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO₃
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Mn	Manganese
Mn	ⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate	(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO₃
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Fe	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Hypersthene	(Mg,Fe)SiO₃
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
Fe	ⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series
Fe	ⓘ Shenzhuangite	NiFeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate	(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO₃
Ni	Nickel
Ni	ⓘ Shenzhuangite	NiFeS₂
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Cu	ⓘ Chalcocite	Cu₂S
Zn	Zinc
Zn	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
Zr	Zirconium
Zr	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Ba	Barium
Ba	ⓘ Phillipsite Subgroup	(Ca_0.5,K,Na,Ba_0.5)_4-7[Al_4-7Si_12-9O₃₂] ^. 12H₂O
Pb	Lead
Pb	ⓘ Galena	PbS

Geochronology

Mineralization age: Pleistocene : 1.36 ± 0.09 Ma

Important note: This table is based only on rock and mineral ages recorded on mindat.org for this locality and is not necessarily a complete representation of the geochronology, but does give an indication of possible mineralization events relevant to this locality. As more age information is added this table may expand in the future. A break in the table simply indicates a lack of data entered here, not necessarily a break in the geologic sequence. Grey background entries are from different, related, localities.

Geologic Time

Rocks, Minerals and Events

1.36 ± 0.09 Ma

Bolovens and Kasseng Plateau, Paksong District, Champasak Province, Laos

Fossils

There are 320 fossil localities from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.

These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.

Occurrences

320

Youngest Fossil Listed

0.01 Ma (Pleistocene)

Oldest Fossil Listed

427 Ma (Silurian)

Stratigraphic Units

Click here to view 13 stratigraphic units.

Fossils from Region

Click here to show the list.

Accepted Name	Hierarchy	Age
Bivalvia class	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Ostrea genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : *Ostraea*	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Myopholas genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myopholadidae : *Myopholas*	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Linoproductus genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Productida : Linoproductidae : *Linoproductus*	298.9 - 295.5 Ma Paleozoic
Probolionia genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Productida : Productellidae : *Probolionia*	298.9 - 295.5 Ma Paleozoic
Gypospirifer genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Trigonotretidae : *Gypospirifer*	298.9 - 295.5 Ma Paleozoic
Hybodus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Hybodontiformes : Hybodontidae : *Hybodus*	152.1 - 100.5 Ma Mesozoic
Lissodus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Hybodontiformes : *Lissodus*	152.1 - 139.8 Ma Mesozoic
Osteichthyes unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Lepidotes genus	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Lepisosteiformes : *Lepidotes*	152.1 - 100.5 Ma Mesozoic
Pycnodontiformes order	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Pycnodontiformes	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Crocodylia unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia	152.1 - 5.333 Ma Phanerozoic
Carettochelyidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Carettochelyidae	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Trionychidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae	129.4 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Chitra genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae : *Chitra*	11.608 - 0.781 Ma Cenozoic
Testudinoidea superfamily	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinoidea	11.608 - 0.0117 Ma Cenozoic
Batagur genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Geoemydidae : *Batagur*	2.588 - 0.781 Ma Pleistocene
Serpentes unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Serpentes	2.588 - 0.781 Ma Pleistocene
Atoposauridae unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Atoposauridae	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Theriosuchus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Atoposauridae : *Theriosuchus*	152.1 - 139.8 Ma Mesozoic
Gavialis genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Gavialidae : *Gavialis*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Crocodylus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : *Crocodylus*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Pterosauria order	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pterosauria	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Pterodactyloidea suborder	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pterosauria : Pterodactyloidea	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Theropoda unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Theropoda	152.1 - 100.5 Ma Mesozoic
Compsognathidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Avetheropoda : Compsognathidae	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Ornithomimidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Avetheropoda : Ornithomimidae	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Dromaeosauridae family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Dromaeosauridae	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Spinosauridae family	Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Spinosauridae	129.4 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Tyrannosauridae family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Tyrannosauridae	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Sauropoda unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Sauropoda	145 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Mamenchisaurus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Mamenchisauridae : *Mamenchisaurus*	152.1 - 139.8 Ma Mesozoic
Titanosaurus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Titanosauridae : *Titanosaurus*	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Euhelopodidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Euhelopodidae	152.1 - 113 Ma Mesozoic
Ornithischia unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia	152.1 - 100.5 Ma Mesozoic
Ornithopoda unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Ornithopoda	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Iguanodontidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Iguanodontidae	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Hadrosauridae family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Hadrosauridae	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Mandschurosaurus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Hadrosauridae : *Mandschurosaurus*	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Stegosauria unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Stegosauria	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Ceratopsia unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Ceratopsia	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Psittacosaurus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Psittacosauridae : *Psittacosaurus*	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Hyaenidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae	2.588 - 0.781 Ma Pleistocene
Suidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae	11.608 - 0.0117 Ma Cenozoic
Propotamochoerus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : *Propotamochoerus*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Merycopotamus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Anthracotheriidae : *Merycopotamus*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Microbunodon genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : *Microbunodon*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Hexaprotodon genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : *Hexaprotodon*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Cervidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cervidae	2.588 - 0.781 Ma Pleistocene
Giraffidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae	11.608 - 0.0117 Ma Cenozoic
Bramatherium genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : *Bramatherium*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Bovidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae	11.608 - 0.781 Ma Cenozoic
Hipparion genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : *Hipparion*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Aceratherium genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : *Aceratherium*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Brachypotherium genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : *Brachypotherium*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Chilotherium genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : *Chilotherium*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Gomphotherium genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : *Gomphotherium*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Protanancus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : *Protanancus*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Tetralophodon genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : *Tetralophodon*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Elephas genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : *Elephas*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Stegodon genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Stegodontidae : *Stegodon*	11.608 - 0.781 Ma Cenozoic
Stegolophodon genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Stegodontidae : *Stegolophodon*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Deinotherium genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Deinotheriidae : *Deinotherium*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Prodeinotherium genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Deinotheriidae : *Prodeinotherium*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Dinosauria order	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria	145 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Iguanodontia unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Iguanodontia	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Hadrosauroidea unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Hadrosauroidea	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Mamenchisauridae family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Mamenchisauridae	152.1 - 139.8 Ma Mesozoic
Eusuchia suborder	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Eusuchia	125 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Crocodylomorpha unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Crocodylomorpha	152.1 - 139.8 Ma Mesozoic
Alicornops genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : *Alicornops*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Adocidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Adocidae	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Plantae kingdom	Plantae	2.588 - 0.781 Ma Pleistocene
Terminalia genus	Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Myrtales : Combretaceae : *Terminalia*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Dipterocarpaceae family	Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malvales : Dipterocarpaceae	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Phuwiangosaurus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : *Phuwiangosaurus*	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Phuwiangosaurus sirindhornae species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Phuwiangosaurus : *Phuwiangosaurus sirindhornae*	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Nemegtosauridae family	Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Nemegtosauridae	129.4 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Goniopholis phuwiangensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Goniopholididae : Goniopholis : *Goniopholis phuwiangensis*	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Goniopholididae family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Goniopholididae	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Chalawan thailandicus species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Pholidosauridae : Chalawan : *Chalawan thailandicus*	152.1 - 139.8 Ma Mesozoic
Siamotyrannus isanensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Avetheropoda : Metriacanthosauridae : Siamotyrannus : *Siamotyrannus isanensis*	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Testudines order	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines	152.1 - 100.5 Ma Mesozoic
Hybodontidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Hybodontiformes : Hybodontidae	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Deinonychosauria infraorder	Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Avetheropoda : Deinonychosauria	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Trionychinae unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae : Trionychinae	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Tangvayosaurus hoffeti species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Tangvayosaurus : *Tangvayosaurus hoffeti*	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Teleostei unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Teleostei	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Semionotidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Semionotiformes : Semionotidae	129.4 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Kizylkumemys genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Carettochelyidae : *Kizylkumemys*	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Actinopterygii class	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii	152.1 - 113 Ma Mesozoic
Caririchnium genus	Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Iguanodontipodidae : *Caririchnium*	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Amyda genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae : *Amyda*	2.588 - 0.781 Ma Pleistocene
Siamopodus khaoyaiensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Siamopodus : *Siamopodus khaoyaiensis*	145 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Siluridae family	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Siluridae	2.588 - 0.781 Ma Pleistocene
Khoratpithecus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : *Khoratpithecus*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Khoratpithecus piriyai species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Khoratpithecus : *Khoratpithecus piriyai*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Hippopotamodon genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : *Hippopotamodon*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Neosuchia unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Neosuchia	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Azhdarchoidea superfamily	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pterosauria : Azhdarchoidea	152.1 - 139.8 Ma Mesozoic
Gavialoidea superfamily	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Gavialoidea	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Plicatounio genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Unionida : Unionidae : *Plicatounio*	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Propotamochoerus hysudricus species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Propotamochoerus : *Propotamochoerus hysudricus*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Dysodonta deprati species	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Antactinodiontidae : Dysodonta : *Dysodonta deprati*	427.4 - 423 Ma Silurian
Siamosuchus phuphokensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Goniopholididae : Siamosuchus : *Siamosuchus phuphokensis*	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Ornithurae subclass	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Ornithurae	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Parvodus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Hybodontiformes : Lonchidiidae : *Parvodus*	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Vidalamiinae subfamily	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Amiiformes : Amiidae : Vidalamiinae	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Kinnareemimus khonkaenensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Avetheropoda : Kinnareemimus : *Kinnareemimus khonkaenensis*	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Siamamia genus	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Sinamiidae : *Siamamia*	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Sinamiidae family	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Sinamiidae	129.4 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Siamamia naga species	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Sinamiidae : Siamamia : *Siamamia naga*	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Isanemys srisuki species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Adocidae : Isanemys : *Isanemys srisuki*	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Basilochelys macrobios species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae : Basilochelys : *Basilochelys macrobios*	152.1 - 139.8 Ma Mesozoic
Khoratosuchus jintasakuli species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Khoratosuchus : *Khoratosuchus jintasakuli*	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Sinomastodon genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : *Sinomastodon*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Deinotherium indicum species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Deinotheriidae : Deinotherium : *Deinotherium indicum*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Neoanomoepus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Anomoepodidae : *Neoanomoepus*	145 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Alligator sinensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Alligatoridae : Alligator : *Alligator sinensis*	11.608 - 0.0117 Ma Cenozoic
Reticulatia uralica species	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Productida : Productidae : Reticulatia : *Reticulatia uralica*	298.9 - 295.5 Ma Paleozoic
Kloedcytherella oertlii species	Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Palaeocopida : Knoxitidae : Kloedcytherella : *Kloedcytherella oertlii*	265.1 - 259.9 Ma Permian
Ferganoceratodus martini species	Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Ferganoceratodus : *Ferganoceratodus martini*	152.1 - 139.8 Ma Mesozoic
Shachemys genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Adocidae : *Shachemys*	129.4 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Theriosuchus grandinaris species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Atoposauridae : Theriosuchus : *Theriosuchus grandinaris*	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Retimarginifera alata species	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Productida : Productellidae : Retimarginifera : *Retimarginifera alata*	298.9 - 295.5 Ma Paleozoic
Kutorginella fraterculus species	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Productida : Productidae : Kutorginella : *Kutorginella fraterculus*	298.9 - 295.5 Ma Paleozoic
Choristites loeyensis species	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Choristitidae : Choristites : *Choristites loeyensis*	298.9 - 295.5 Ma Paleozoic
Neospirifer koewbaidhoni species	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Trigonotretidae : Neospirifer : *Neospirifer koewbaidhoni*	298.9 - 295.5 Ma Paleozoic
Heteroptychodus genus	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Hybodontiformes : Hybodontidae : *Heteroptychodus*	152.1 - 125 Ma Mesozoic
Shachemys laosiana species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Adocidae : Shachemys : *Shachemys laosiana*	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Joleaudella mansuyi species	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Bellerophontida : Bellerophontidae : Joleaudella : *Joleaudella mansuyi*	427.4 - 423 Ma Silurian
Ginglymodi unranked clade	Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Ginglymodi	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Waagenophyllum mixtum species	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Stauriida : Waagenophyllidae : Waagenophyllum : *Waagenophyllum mixtum*	272.3 - 259.9 Ma Permian
Metriacanthosauridae family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Metriacanthosauridae	152.1 - 139.8 Ma Mesozoic
Xinjiangchelys genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Xinjiangchelyidae : *Xinjiangchelys*	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Ichthyovenator laosensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Spinosauridae : Ichthyovenator : *Ichthyovenator laosensis*	125 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Ratchasimasaurus suranareae species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Ratchasimasaurus : *Ratchasimasaurus suranareae*	125 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Langdaia meesooki species	Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Palaeocopida : Knoxitidae : Langdaia : *Langdaia meesooki*	265.1 - 259.9 Ma Permian
Microbunodon milaensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Microbunodon : *Microbunodon milaensis*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Isanodus paladeji species	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Hybodontiformes : Lonchidiidae : Isanodus : *Isanodus paladeji*	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Lonchidion khoratensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Hybodontiformes : Lonchidiidae : Lonchidion : *Lonchidion khoratensis*	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Hybodus aequitridentatus species	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Hybodontiformes : Hybodontidae : Hybodus : *Hybodus aequitridentatus*	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Heteroptychodus steinmanni species	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Hybodontiformes : Hybodontidae : Heteroptychodus : *Heteroptychodus steinmanni*	129.4 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Khoratodus foreyi species	Khoratodus : *Khoratodus foreyi*	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Thaiodus ruchae species	Animalia : Chordata : Hybodontes : Thaiodus : *Thaiodus ruchae*	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Acrorhizodus khoratensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Hybodontiformes : Acrorhizodus : *Acrorhizodus khoratensis*	125 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Gavialis bengawanicus species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Gavialidae : Gavialis : *Gavialis bengawanicus*	2.588 - 0.781 Ma Pleistocene
Siamodon nimngami species	Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Siamodon : *Siamodon nimngami*	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Phunoichelys thirakhupti species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Xinjiangchelyidae : Phunoichelys : *Phunoichelys thirakhupti*	152.1 - 139.8 Ma Mesozoic
Kizylkumemys khoratensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Carettochelyidae : Kizylkumemys : *Kizylkumemys khoratensis*	129.4 - 100.5 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Sirindhorna khoratensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Sirindhorna : *Sirindhorna khoratensis*	129.4 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Heosemys genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Geoemydidae : *Heosemys*	2.588 - 0.781 Ma Pleistocene
Heosemys grandis species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Geoemydidae : Heosemys : *Heosemys grandis*	2.588 - 0.781 Ma Pleistocene
Megalochelys genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : *Megalochelys*	11.608 - 2.588 Ma Cenozoic
Megalochelys sivalensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : Megalochelys : *Megalochelys sivalensis*	11.608 - 5.333 Ma Miocene
Malayemys genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Geoemydidae : *Malayemys*	2.588 - 0.781 Ma Pleistocene
Kalasinemys prasarttongosothi species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Xinjiangchelyidae : Kalasinemys : *Kalasinemys prasarttongosothi*	152.1 - 139.8 Ma Mesozoic
Protoshachemys genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Adocidae : *Protoshachemys*	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Protoshachemys rubra species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Adocidae : Protoshachemys : *Protoshachemys rubra*	129.4 - 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Phuwiangvenator yaemniyomi species	Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Avetheropoda : Neovenatoridae : Phuwiangvenator : *Phuwiangvenator yaemniyomi*	130 - 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Vayuraptor nongbualamphuensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Avetheropoda : Neovenatoridae : Vayuraptor : *Vayuraptor nongbualamphuensis*	130 - 125.45 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Indosinosuchus potamosiamensis species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Teleosauridae : Indosinosuchus : *Indosinosuchus potamosiamensis*	152.1 - 139.8 Ma Mesozoic

Fossil Localities

Click to show 62 fossil localities

Laos

Savannakhet Province
Vientiane Prefecture
- Silurian🐚 Ban Hom

Thailand

Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Ban Dong Bang Noi
Paleozoic🐚 Loei
Buriram Province
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Ban Saphan Hin
Kalasin Province
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Ban Na Khrai
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Ban Na Sombun
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Ban Non Mek
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Khok Kong
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Lam Pao Reservoir
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Phu Kum Khao
- Mesozoic🐚 Phu Nam Jun
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Phu Pha Ngo
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Phu Pha Ngo Pond
Khon Kaen Province

Thailand

Khon Kaen Province
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Phu Wiang 6
- Mesozoic🐚 Phu Wiang 7
Mukdahan Province
- Mesozoic🐚 Dan Luang
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Mukdahan 2
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Nong Sung tracksite
Nakhon Phanom Province
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Huai Dam Chum tracksite
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Phu Din Daeng
Nakhon Ratchasima Province
- Permian🐚 08LB01-1
- Cenozoic🐚 Ban Si Liam
- Cenozoic🐚 Siam sand pit no. 9
- Miocene🐚 Somsak Sand Pit
- Nakhon Ratchasima District
Nong Bua Lam Phu Province
- Mesozoic🐚 Chong Chat
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Phu Kao tracksite
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Phu Phan Tong
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Phu Wat
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Phu Wat Site A1
Prachin Buri Province
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Khao Yai tracksite
Roi Et Province
Sakon Nakhon Province
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Huai Huat
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Phu Phok
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Phu Sung
Ubon Ratchathani Province
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Khok Pha Suam
Udon Thani Province
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Khok Doo 1
- Early/Lower Cretaceous🐚 Phu Hin Lat Tuppha
Yasothon Province
- Mesozoic🐚 Bon Kham Phok

Localities in this Region

Eurasian Plate

Greater Khorat Basin
- Maha Sarakham Formation
- ⭔Sakon Nakhon Basin

Laos

⭔Attapeu Province
Champasak Province
- Paksong District
  - Bolovens and Kasseng Plateau
Khammouane Province
- Thakhek District
  - Dong Tai potash deposit
  - ZK2893 borehole
⭔Salavan Province
- Muong Toumlane impactite locality
⭔Savannakhet Province
- Champhone District
  - Champhon
- Nong District
  - Muong Nong impactite locality
  - Shenzhuangite Occurrence

Laos

⭔Vientiane Prefecture
Vientiane Province
- Hinhurp District
  - Vanaviena
- ⭔Saison Ben Co.
  - NaMeung deposit

Thailand

Buriram Province
- Khao Krae Dong (Khao Kradong)
  - Unnamed quarry
Maha Sarakham Province
- Borabu salt dome
Nakhon Ratchasima Province
- ⭔Chaloem Phra Kiat district
  - Friendship Highway boreholes
- Nakhon Ratchasima District
  - Nakhon Ratchasima (Khorat; Korat; Nakorn Rajsima)
Si Sa Ket Province
- Kantharalak Volcanic Field
  - Kantharalak Volcanic Plug
Udon Thani Province
- Udan North deposit

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

AsiaContinent

Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate

Greater Khorat Basin
- Sakon Nakhon BasinBasin
Indochina TerraneOrogenic Belt
- Luang Prabang–Loei Metallogenic BeltBelt
Loei-Petchabun FoldbeltVolcanic Arc

Sunda PlateTectonic Plate

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

[1]Ding, Jian; Feng, Zhibing; Chen, Xiaoer; Ding, Ting; Jiang, Li; Hou, Mingyao; Kong, Huanxiao (2026) Well-log-based quantitative evaluation of potash mineral potential using an improved stacking model. Ore Geology Reviews, 196. p.107442. doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2026.107442

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Detailed Mineral List:

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List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

List of minerals for each chemical element

Geochronology

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Localities in this Region

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

References

Greater Khorat Basin, Eurasian Plate i
Regional Level Types
Greater Khorat Basin Basin
Eurasian Plate Tectonic Plate