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Area:
23,200 km2
Type:
Other Languages:
French:
Djibouti
German:
Dschibuti
Italian:
Gibuti
Russian:
ÐÐķÐļÐąŅŅÐļ
Simplified Chinese:
ååļæ
Spanish:
Yibuti
Afrikaans:
Djiboeti
Albanian:
Xhibuti
Arabic:
ØŽŲØĻŲØŠŲ
Belarusian:
ÐÐķŅÐąŅŅŅ
Bulgarian:
ÐÐķÐļÐąŅŅÐļ
Catalan:
Djibouti
Czech:
DÅūÃbÚtÃ
Danish:
Djibouti
Dutch:
Djibouti
Estonian:
Djibouti
Farsi/Persian:
ØŽÛØĻŲØŠÛ
Finnish:
Djibouti
Galician:
XibutÃ
Greek:
ÎĪÎķÎđΞÏÎŋÏ
ÏÎŊ
Hebrew:
ŨâŨŨŨŨŨ
Hindi:
āĪāĪŋāĪŽāĨāĪĪāĨ
Hungarian:
Dzsibuti
Icelandic:
DjÃbÚtÃ
Indonesian:
Djibouti
Irish Gaelic:
DiobÚitÃ
Japanese:
ãļãã
Korean:
ė§ëķí°
Latvian:
DÅūibutija
Lithuanian:
DÅūibutis
Macedonian:
ÐÐļÐąŅŅÐļ
Norwegian:
Djibouti
Polish:
DÅžibuti
Portuguese:
Djibouti
Romanian:
Djibouti
Serbian:
ÐÐļÐąŅŅÐļ
Slovak:
DÅūibuti
Slovenian:
DÅūibuti
Swahili:
Jibuti
Swedish:
Djibouti
Tagalog:
Hiboti
Thai:
āļāļīāļāļđāļāļĩ
Turkish:
Cibuti
Ukrainian:
ÐÐķÐļÐąŅŅŅ
Vietnamese:
Djibouti
Welsh:
Djibouti
Djibouti is a country in the Horn of Africa, located at the southern entrance to the Red Sea where the Gulf of Aden meets the Afar region. It occupies a key tectonic position at the junction of Africa and Arabia and forms part of a broader region of active crustal extension.
Geologically, Djibouti lies within the Afar Triangle, a triple-junction region where the African, Arabian, and Somali plates diverge. The country is dominated by Cenozoic volcanic rocks, including extensive basaltic lava flows, volcanic cones, and fissure systems associated with rifting. Active and recent volcanism, faulting, and crustal thinning are characteristic features. Evaporite deposits occur in low-lying basins, notably around Lake Assal, which lies below sea level.
This tectonic and volcanic setting strongly influences mineral occurrence. Djibouti hosts limited metallic mineralisation but is notable for evaporite minerals, particularly halite and gypsum, associated with arid basin environments. Volcanic and geothermal activity has also produced sulfur-bearing deposits and hydrothermal alteration zones in some areas.
Geologically, Djibouti lies within the Afar Triangle, a triple-junction region where the African, Arabian, and Somali plates diverge. The country is dominated by Cenozoic volcanic rocks, including extensive basaltic lava flows, volcanic cones, and fissure systems associated with rifting. Active and recent volcanism, faulting, and crustal thinning are characteristic features. Evaporite deposits occur in low-lying basins, notably around Lake Assal, which lies below sea level.
This tectonic and volcanic setting strongly influences mineral occurrence. Djibouti hosts limited metallic mineralisation but is notable for evaporite minerals, particularly halite and gypsum, associated with arid basin environments. Volcanic and geothermal activity has also produced sulfur-bearing deposits and hydrothermal alteration zones in some areas.
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsCommodity List
This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.Mineral List
Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities37 valid minerals.
Rock Types Recorded
Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities
Select Rock List Type
Alphabetical List Tree DiagramDetailed Mineral List:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| â | Native Copper | 1.AA.05 | Cu |
| â | Native Gold var. Electrum | 1.AA.05 | (Au,Ag) |
| â | 1.AA.05 | Au | |
| â | Native Silver | 1.AA.05 | Ag |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| â | Chalcocite | 2.BA.05 | Cu2S |
| â | Digenite | 2.BA.10 | Cu9S5 |
| â | Bornite | 2.BA.15 | Cu5FeS4 |
| â | Acanthite | 2.BA.35 | Ag2S |
| â | Hessite | 2.BA.60 | Ag2Te |
| â | Petzite | 2.BA.75 | Ag3AuTe2 |
| â | Covellite | 2.CA.05a | CuS |
| â | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| â | Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
| â | Pyrrhotite | 2.CC.10 | Fe1-xS |
| â | Galena | 2.CD.10 | PbS |
| â | Tetradymite | 2.DC.05 | Bi2Te2S |
| â | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| â | Marcasite | 2.EB.10a | FeS2 |
| Group 3 - Halides | |||
| â | Halite | 3.AA.20 | NaCl |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| â | Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| â | var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| â | Hematite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| â | Quartz var. Agate | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| â | var. Chalcedony | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| â | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 | |
| â | var. Sceptre Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| â | Goethite | 4.FD.10 | Fe3+O(OH) |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| â | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| â | Anhydrite | 7.AD.30 | CaSO4 |
| â | Gypsum | 7.CD.40 | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| â | Fayalite | 9.AC.05 | Fe2+2(SiO4) |
| â | Zircon | 9.AD.30 | Zr(SiO4) |
| â | Titanite | 9.AG.15 | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| â | Augite | 9.DA.15 | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| â | Hedenbergite | 9.DA.15 | CaFe2+Si2O6 |
| â | Aegirine | 9.DA.25 | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| â | Arfvedsonite | 9.DE.25 | NaNa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| â | Aenigmatite | 9.DH.40 | Na4[Fe2+10Ti2]O4[Si12O36] |
| â | Muscovite var. Illite | 9.EC.15 | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| â | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 | |
| â | Clinochlore | 9.EC.55 | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| â | Sanidine | 9.FA.30 | K(AlSi3O8) |
| â | Anorthite | 9.FA.35 | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| Unclassified | |||
| â | 'K Feldspar var. Adularia' | - | KAlSi3O8 |
| â | 'Biotite' | - | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| â | 'Chlorite Group' | - | |
| â | 'K Feldspar' | - | |
| â | 'Pyroxene Group' | - | ADSi2O6 |
| â | 'Smectite Group' | - | A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O |
| â | 'Apatite' | - | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| â | 'Olivine Group' | - | M2SiO4 |
| â | 'Sodic plagioclase' | - | |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | â Arfvedsonite | NaNa2(Fe42+Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| H | â Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| H | â Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| H | â Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| H | â Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| H | â Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| H | â Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | â Smectite Group | A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | â Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | â K Feldspar var. Adularia | KAlSi3O8 |
| O | â Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| O | â Aenigmatite | Na4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36] |
| O | â Quartz var. Agate | SiO2 |
| O | â Anhydrite | CaSO4 |
| O | â Anorthite | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| O | â Arfvedsonite | NaNa2(Fe42+Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| O | â Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| O | â Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| O | â Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | â Quartz var. Chalcedony | SiO2 |
| O | â Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| O | â Fayalite | Fe22+(SiO4) |
| O | â Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| O | â Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| O | â Hedenbergite | CaFe2+Si2O6 |
| O | â Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| O | â Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| O | â Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| O | â Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | â Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | â Sanidine | K(AlSi3O8) |
| O | â Titanite | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| O | â Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| O | â Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| O | â Quartz var. Sceptre Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | â Pyroxene Group | ADSi2O6 |
| O | â Smectite Group | A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O |
| O | â Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| O | â Olivine Group | M2SiO4 |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | â Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | â Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| Na | â Aenigmatite | Na4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36] |
| Na | â Arfvedsonite | NaNa2(Fe42+Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| Na | â Halite | NaCl |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | â Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Mg | â Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Mg | â Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | â K Feldspar var. Adularia | KAlSi3O8 |
| Al | â Anorthite | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| Al | â Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Al | â Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Al | â Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| Al | â Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | â Sanidine | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | â K Feldspar var. Adularia | KAlSi3O8 |
| Si | â Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| Si | â Aenigmatite | Na4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36] |
| Si | â Quartz var. Agate | SiO2 |
| Si | â Anorthite | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| Si | â Arfvedsonite | NaNa2(Fe42+Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| Si | â Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Si | â Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Si | â Quartz var. Chalcedony | SiO2 |
| Si | â Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Si | â Fayalite | Fe22+(SiO4) |
| Si | â Hedenbergite | CaFe2+Si2O6 |
| Si | â Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| Si | â Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | â Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | â Sanidine | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | â Titanite | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| Si | â Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Si | â Quartz var. Sceptre Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | â Pyroxene Group | ADSi2O6 |
| Si | â Olivine Group | M2SiO4 |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | â Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | â Acanthite | Ag2S |
| S | â Anhydrite | CaSO4 |
| S | â Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| S | â Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| S | â Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| S | â Covellite | CuS |
| S | â Digenite | Cu9S5 |
| S | â Galena | PbS |
| S | â Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| S | â Marcasite | FeS2 |
| S | â Pyrite | FeS2 |
| S | â Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| S | â Sphalerite | ZnS |
| S | â Tetradymite | Bi2Te2S |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | â Halite | NaCl |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | â K Feldspar var. Adularia | KAlSi3O8 |
| K | â Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| K | â Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| K | â Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| K | â Sanidine | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | â Anhydrite | CaSO4 |
| Ca | â Anorthite | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| Ca | â Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Ca | â Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | â Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| Ca | â Hedenbergite | CaFe2+Si2O6 |
| Ca | â Titanite | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| Ca | â Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| Ti | Titanium | |
| Ti | â Aenigmatite | Na4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36] |
| Ti | â Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Ti | â Titanite | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| Ti | â Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | â Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| Fe | â Aenigmatite | Na4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36] |
| Fe | â Arfvedsonite | NaNa2(Fe42+Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| Fe | â Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Fe | â Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Fe | â Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| Fe | â Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Fe | â Fayalite | Fe22+(SiO4) |
| Fe | â Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| Fe | â Hedenbergite | CaFe2+Si2O6 |
| Fe | â Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| Fe | â Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| Fe | â Marcasite | FeS2 |
| Fe | â Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | â Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| Fe | â Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | â Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| Cu | â Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Cu | â Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| Cu | â Covellite | CuS |
| Cu | â Native Copper | Cu |
| Cu | â Digenite | Cu9S5 |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | â Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Zr | Zirconium | |
| Zr | â Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Ag | Silver | |
| Ag | â Acanthite | Ag2S |
| Ag | â Native Gold var. Electrum | (Au,Ag) |
| Ag | â Hessite | Ag2Te |
| Ag | â Petzite | Ag3AuTe2 |
| Ag | â Native Silver | Ag |
| Te | Tellurium | |
| Te | â Hessite | Ag2Te |
| Te | â Petzite | Ag3AuTe2 |
| Te | â Tetradymite | Bi2Te2S |
| Au | Gold | |
| Au | â Native Gold var. Electrum | (Au,Ag) |
| Au | â Native Gold | Au |
| Au | â Petzite | Ag3AuTe2 |
| Pb | Lead | |
| Pb | â Galena | PbS |
| Bi | Bismuth | |
| Bi | â Tetradymite | Bi2Te2S |
Geochronology
Mineralization age: Cenozoic : 25 Ma to 2.3 Âą 0.2 MaImportant note: This table is based only on rock and mineral ages recorded on mindat.org for this locality and is not necessarily a complete representation of the geochronology, but does give an indication of possible mineralization events relevant to this locality. As more age information is added this table may expand in the future. A break in the table simply indicates a lack of data entered here, not necessarily a break in the geologic sequence. Grey background entries are from different, related, localities.
| Geologic Time | Rocks, Minerals and Events | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phanerozoic | |||||||
| Cenozoic | |||||||
| Quaternary | |||||||
| Pleistocene |
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| Neogene | |||||||
| Miocene |
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| Paleogene | |||||||
| Oligocene |
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Fossils
There are 467 fossil localities from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.
| Occurrences | 467 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Youngest Fossil Listed | 0.01 Ma (Pleistocene) | |||||||||
| Oldest Fossil Listed | 5.33 Ma (Miocene) | |||||||||
| Stratigraphic Units |
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| Fossils from Region | Click here to show the list. | |||||||||
| Fossil Localities | Click to show 14 fossil localities |
Other Databases
| Wikipedia: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti |
|---|---|
| Wikidata ID: | Q977 |
| GeoNames ID: | 223816 |
Localities in this Region
Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect
AfricaContinent
- Afar Triangle (Afar Depression)Depression
African Plate
- Aden-Abiyan basinBasin
- East African Rift
- Ethiopian RiftNarrow Rift
- Red Sea basinBasin
- Southern Gulf of Aden basinBasin
Arabian PlateTectonic Plate
Somali PlateTectonic Plate
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Assal Lake, Tadjourah Region, Djibouti