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Stavelot Massif, Rhenish Massif, Europei
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Stavelot Massif | Massif |
| Rhenish Massif | Massif |
| Europe | Continent |
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Massief van Stavelot, Rijnlands leisteenplateau
A large massif of Cambro-Ordovician metasediments (ca. 100 x 40 km), surrounded by discordant Lower Devonian conglomerates.
The Stavelot Massif is a geological massif in the Belgian Ardennes (geologically a part of the Rhenish Massif). Most of the massif crops out in Belgium, but a small part lies across the border with Germany.
The massif consists of early Paleozoic (late Cambrian and Ordovician in age) metamorphic rocks, mostly quartzites and phyllites. In other parts of the Ardennes, they form a basement which is covered by only slightly metamorphosed late Paleozoic limestones and sandstones, that only saw a low degree of metamorphism. On the other hand, the early Paleozoic rocks were deformed and metamorphosed to a higher degree during the Caledonian orogeny (about 450 million years ago).
Both the Caledonian basement and the low-grade cover rocks were deformed again during the Hercynian orogeny (about 350-280 million years ago). This phase of deformation created a large northeast-southwest oriented anticline that runs across the Belgian part of the Rhenish Massif (the Ardennes anticline). In the core of this anticline, a number of massifs of early Paleozoic rocks crop out. The Stavelot Massif is one of the larger ones; other Caledonian massifs are the Rocroi Massif, the Serpont Massif, and the Givonne Massif.
The higher competence of the Caledonian basement rocks made them more resistant to erosion. The massif, therefore, forms a plateau in the topography. This plateau is called the High Fens and encompasses the highest summits in Belgium.
The Stavelot Massif is a geological massif in the Belgian Ardennes (geologically a part of the Rhenish Massif). Most of the massif crops out in Belgium, but a small part lies across the border with Germany.
The massif consists of early Paleozoic (late Cambrian and Ordovician in age) metamorphic rocks, mostly quartzites and phyllites. In other parts of the Ardennes, they form a basement which is covered by only slightly metamorphosed late Paleozoic limestones and sandstones, that only saw a low degree of metamorphism. On the other hand, the early Paleozoic rocks were deformed and metamorphosed to a higher degree during the Caledonian orogeny (about 450 million years ago).
Both the Caledonian basement and the low-grade cover rocks were deformed again during the Hercynian orogeny (about 350-280 million years ago). This phase of deformation created a large northeast-southwest oriented anticline that runs across the Belgian part of the Rhenish Massif (the Ardennes anticline). In the core of this anticline, a number of massifs of early Paleozoic rocks crop out. The Stavelot Massif is one of the larger ones; other Caledonian massifs are the Rocroi Massif, the Serpont Massif, and the Givonne Massif.
The higher competence of the Caledonian basement rocks made them more resistant to erosion. The massif, therefore, forms a plateau in the topography. This plateau is called the High Fens and encompasses the highest summits in Belgium.
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Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsCommodity List
This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.Mineral List
Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities171 valid minerals. 4 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals. 1 erroneous literature entry.
* - Minerals that have never been found, but their existence is inferred in some way (e.g. from pseudomorphs)
Rock Types Recorded
Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities
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Alphabetical List Tree DiagramDetailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ Actinolite Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 Habit: Asbestiform fibres up to 4cm Colour: brown Description: "The actinolite from Challes has been analysed by electronic microprobe by Schreyer and Abraham (1978) who underline the variability of its chemical composition." (Hatert et al., 2002) References: |
| ⓘ Albite Formula: Na(AlSi3O8) Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region. Description: associated with quartz, malachite, and/or ardennite |
| ⓘ Aleksite Formula: PbBi2Te2S2 Habit: lamellae Colour: light grey Description: Inclusions in joséite-B as lamellae of up to 70µm. The highly reflective light grey lamellae show evident anisotropy in greenish grey to yellowish-grey under the polarized reflection microscope. The identification of the mineral is also based on its chemical analysis by electronic microprobe which leads to (Pb0.76Bi0.24)Bi2.04Te1.99(S1.90Se0.07), with lower contents in Sb (0,14%), Cd, Zn (0,04%) and Fe (0,02%) as well. References: |
| ⓘ Altaite Formula: PbTe |
| ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup' Formula: AB2C5(T8O22)W2 |
| ⓘ Anatase Formula: TiO2 Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Andalusite Formula: Al2(SiO4)O Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region. Habit: prismatic Colour: pale green Description: alters to muscovite (Corin, 1929) or kaolinite, sericite and/or pyrophyllite (Theunissen, 1970) |
| ⓘ Andalusite var. Viridine Formula: (Al,Mn3+)2SiO4O |
| ⓘ Anglesite Formula: PbSO4 |
| ⓘ Anilite Formula: Cu7S4 |
| ⓘ 'Apatite' Formula: Ca5(PO4)3A Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region. Colour: light purple Description: Associated with ardennite |
| ⓘ Aragonite Formula: CaCO3 |
| ⓘ 'Ardennite' Localities: Description: "Ardennite was discovered at Salmchâteau, associated with apatite and albite, in a quartz vein more or less parallel to the stratification of the weakly metamorphic manganiferous phyllites of the Ottré Formation." (Hatert et al., 2002) |
| ⓘ Ardennite-(As) (TL) Formula: Mn2+4Al4(AlMg)(AsO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region. Description: The specimens are typically massive cream colored quartz that have in it non freestanding prismatic, tan radiating bundles up to 4cm of non terminated crystals. |
| ⓘ 'Ardennite-(Si)' ? Formula: ~Mn2+4Al4(AlMg)(SiO4,AsO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ Ardennite-(V) Formula: Mn2+4Al4(AlMg)(VO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ Arseniosiderite Formula: Ca2Fe3+3(AsO4)3O2 · 3H2O |
| ⓘ Arsenoflorencite-(Ce) Formula: CeAl3(AsO4)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ Arsenogoyazite Formula: SrAl3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ Arsenopyrite Formula: FeAsS Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Azurite Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Balkanite ? Formula: Cu9Ag5HgS8 |
| ⓘ Balyakinite Formula: Cu(TeO3) Localities: Habit: millimetre-sized specks and prismatic crystals up to 30µm Colour: bluish-green Description: Associated with teineite. |
| ⓘ Bariopharmacosiderite Formula: Ba0.5Fe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 5H2O Description: Lefevre & Hatert (2003): "Other crystals [of pharmacosiderite] have been identified on the graulichite-(Ce) aggregates. Qualitative chemical analysis of these crystals has shown an enrichment in Ba compared to K, indicating that they would probably consist of bariopharmacosiderite."
Hatert et al. (2003): "It is noteworthy that Lefèvre (2001) described barium-pharmacosiderite, BaFe3+8(AsO4)6(OH)8.14H2O, in very close association with the new mineral species [graulichite-(Ce)]." |
| ⓘ Baryte Formula: BaSO4 |
| ⓘ Benjaminite Formula: Ag3Bi7S12 Description: Highly reflective light grey grains of up to 50µm as inclusions in the tellurides. Anisotropy is fairly strong in yellowish grey tints. Identification was confirmed by chemical analysis with the electronic microprobe which leads to (Ag1.80Cu0.58Zn0.27)(Bi5.56Pb2,02)(S11.39Te0.33) with lower Fe contents (0,12%). References: |
| ⓘ Beryl Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18) Localities: Habit: prismatic Colour: colourless to light green Description: intimately associated with malachite and vein quartz |
| ⓘ Beudantite Formula: PbFe3+3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ 'Biotite' Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| ⓘ Bogdanovite ? Formula: (Au,Te,Pb)3(Cu,Fe) |
| ⓘ Bornite Formula: Cu5FeS4 Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Braunite Formula: Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8 Localities: Habit: fine-grained Colour: Creamy grey with a hint of brown in polished sections |
| ⓘ Brochantite Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Cacoxenite Formula: Fe3+24AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. Habit: spherules with fibroradiating structure and matte or spikey surface Colour: brown |
| ⓘ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 |
| ⓘ Carminite Formula: PbFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 Habit: acicular Colour: carmine-red Description: carmine-red acicular crystals, usually grouped in bundles |
| ⓘ Carpholite Formula: Mn2+Al2(Si2O6)(OH)4 Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region. Description: Contains trace amounts of arsenic, fluor, and titanium and is sometimes enriched in vanadium when associated with ardennite (Theye et al., 1996). |
| ⓘ Cassiterite Formula: SnO2 |
| ⓘ Cerussite Formula: PbCO3 |
| ⓘ Chalcoalumite Formula: CuAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O |
| ⓘ Chalcocite Formula: Cu2S Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region. Habit: lamellar grains Description: Associated with malachite. |
| ⓘ Chalcophyllite Formula: Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O Habit: pseudohexagonal tablets up to 1mm, flattened parallel to the perfect cleavage plane (0001) Colour: turquoise blue with pearly lustre Description: Apart from the major elements, qualitative chemical analysis has shown low V, P, Cl, Ca and U contents (Hatert et al., 1998). The arsenic would originate from the alteration of arsenopyrite which also occurs in the deposit. References: |
| ⓘ Chalcopyrite Formula: CuFeS2 Localities: Reported from at least 16 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ 'Chlorite Group' Localities: Reported from at least 17 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Chloritoid Formula: Fe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Chromite Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2O4 |
| ⓘ Chrysocolla ? Formula: Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| ⓘ 'Clay minerals' |
| ⓘ Clinochlore Formula: Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Clinoclase Formula: Cu3(AsO4)(OH)3 |
| ⓘ Clinozoisite Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| ⓘ Cobaltite Formula: CoAsS |
| ⓘ Connellite Formula: Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O Localities: Habit: fibroradiating spherules or aggregates up to 200µm. Colour: deep blue Description: Associated with brochantite and langite. |
| ⓘ Cookeite Formula: (LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8 |
| ⓘ Covellite Formula: CuS Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Crandallite Formula: CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ Cryptomelane Formula: K(Mn4+7Mn3+)O16 Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Cuprite Formula: Cu2O Localities: Salmchâteau, Vielsalm, Luxembourg, Wallonia, Belgium Thier des Carrières, Cahay, Vielsalm, Luxembourg, Wallonia, Belgium Lienne valley, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium Copper-tellurium mineralization, Salmchâteau, Vielsalm, Luxembourg, Wallonia, Belgium Coticule mines (west), Salmchâteau, Vielsalm, Luxembourg, Wallonia, Belgium Habit: octahedra showing {110} and {112} facets Description: Associated with malachite, native copper and quartz (Buttgenbach, 1921). |
| ⓘ Danielsite ? Formula: (Cu,Ag)14HgS8 |
| ⓘ Davreuxite Formula: MnAl6Si4O17(OH)2 Localities: |
| ⓘ Dawsonite Formula: NaAlCO3(OH)2 Habit: fibroradiated spherulites and globules up to 1-2mm (Van Tassel, 1962) Colour: white References: |
| ⓘ Delafossite Formula: Cu+Fe3+O2 Localities: Habit: fibroradiated globules with metallic reflections on broken surfaces Colour: black Description: ID confirmed by XRD and qualitative chemical analysis. Associated with goethite, chalcopyrite and malachite. |
| ⓘ Denningite ? Formula: CaMn2+Te4+4O10 |
| ⓘ Diaspore Formula: AlO(OH) |
| ⓘ Dickite Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ Digenite Formula: Cu9S5 Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Djurleite Formula: Cu31S16 Localities: Colour: black |
| ⓘ Dolomite Formula: CaMg(CO3)2 References: |
| ⓘ Epidote Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| ⓘ Faustite Formula: ZnAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O Habit: spheres Colour: grey to white Description: Beside Zn and Al only minor Cu, Fe and Ni could be determined (semiquantitatively). |
| ⓘ 'Feldspar Group' Description: The kaolinite found indicates there must have been feldspar. References: Erik vercammen finds and collectionIdentified by Erik Vercammen: Visual Identification |
| ⓘ Ferrimolybdite Formula: Fe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O Localities: Habit: tufts of acicular crystals up to 250µm Colour: yellow Description: "Van Tassel (1983) describes a mineral growing as tufts of yellow acicular crystals of up to 250µm, associated with molybdenite from Cahay (Vielsalm). This could be ferrimolybdite. It has been identified, with certain reservations, by XRD and qualitative chemical analysis." (Hatert et al., 2002) |
| ⓘ Fibroferrite ? Formula: Fe3+(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O Locality: Stavelot, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium Description: "At Franquenies and Stavelot, the slavikite is often associated with a fibrous mineral. Van Tassel (1956) equates these fibres to fibroferrite, although with reservations." (Hatert et al., 2002) References: |
| ⓘ 'Florencite' |
| ⓘ Florencite-(Ce) Formula: CeAl3(PO4)2(OH)6 Localities: Salmchâteau, Vielsalm, Luxembourg, Wallonia, Belgium Thier des Carrières, Cahay, Vielsalm, Luxembourg, Wallonia, Belgium Hourt quarry, Grand-Halleux, Vielsalm, Luxembourg, Wallonia, Belgium Coticule mines (east), Salmchâteau, Vielsalm, Luxembourg, Wallonia, Belgium Coticule mines (west), Salmchâteau, Vielsalm, Luxembourg, Wallonia, Belgium |
| ⓘ Fluorapatite Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Gahnite Formula: ZnAl2O4 |
| ⓘ Galena Formula: PbS Localities: Thier des Carrières, Cahay, Vielsalm, Luxembourg, Wallonia, Belgium Lienne valley, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium Hourt quarry, Grand-Halleux, Vielsalm, Luxembourg, Wallonia, Belgium Grand-Halleux borehole, Grand-Halleux, Vielsalm, Luxembourg, Wallonia, Belgium Herzogenhügel, Ternell, Eupen, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium |
| ⓘ 'Garnet Group' Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ Gersdorffite Formula: NiAsS |
| ⓘ Goethite Formula: Fe3+O(OH) Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Goldfieldite ? Formula: (Cu4◻2)(Cu4Cu+2)Te4S12S Description: Mélon et al. (1976): "A telluriferous variety [of tetrahedrite](goldfieldite) was doubtfully/dubiously reported by Van Wambeke (1954) in the la Helle tonalite." References: |
| ⓘ Graemite Formula: Cu[TeO3] · H2O |
| ⓘ Graulichite-(Ce) (TL) Formula: CeFe3+3(AsO4)2(OH)6 Type Locality: Habit: 80 to 150 µm spherical aggregates of rhombohedral crystals 50 to 80μm in length Colour: light-green to brownish, resinous lustre References: Hatert, Frédéric, Lefèvre, Pierre, Pasero, Marco, Fransolet, André -Mathieu (2003) Graulichite-(Ce), a new arsenate mineral from the Stavelot Massif, Belgium. European Journal of Mineralogy, 15 (4) 733-739 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2003/0015-0733 Dillen, R., Dehove, J., Detaille, J. (2004) Graulichiet-Ce), een nieuw mineraal ontdekt in België [Graulichiet-Ce), a new mineral discovered in Belgium]. Geonieuws, 29 (06) 134-148 |
| ⓘ Groutite Formula: Mn3+O(OH) Locality: Lienne valley, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium |
| ⓘ Gypsum Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ Hausmannite Formula: Mn2+Mn3+2O4 Colour: black (dark brown when powdered) References: |
| ⓘ Hedleyite ? Formula: Bi7Te3 Description: Hatert et al. (2002): "A mineral in the tellurobismuthite-hedleyite series was reportedly identified in the la Helle tonalite by Weis et al. (1980)." References: |
| ⓘ Hematite Formula: Fe2O3 Localities: Reported from at least 29 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Hematite var. Martite Formula: Fe2O3 Localities: Habit: octahedra |
| ⓘ Hessite Formula: Ag2Te Habit: rounded grains up to 40µm, less reflective than the other tellurides. Colour: greyish (greenish-grey to yellowish-grey anisotropy) Description: Associated with galena and tellurium minerals. Recent microprobe analysis by Godfroid (1999) has lead to Ag1.99Te1.01, with traces of S (0.07%) and Cd (0.04%). |
| ⓘ Hollandite Formula: Ba(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16 Localities: Habit: very thin needles up to 2mm Description: Hollandite Sr-end member up to 60% associated with braunite. |
| ⓘ 'Hornblende Root Name Group' Formula: ◻Ca2(C2+4C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2 |
| ⓘ Hydroniumjarosite Formula: (H3O)Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ Idaite Formula: Cu5FeS6 |
| ⓘ Ilmenite Formula: Fe2+TiO3 Localities: |
| ⓘ Jarosite Formula: KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ Joséite-B Formula: Bi4Te2S Colour: creamy white, highly reflective (polarized light); grey-blue to greenish-grey (anisotropy) Description: Previously erroneously identified as tetradymite by Van Wambeke (1954-1955). Later identified by XRD as joséite-B. Microprobe analysis (Godfroid, 1999) lead to the formula (Bi3.83Pb0.09Te0.08)Te2.00(S0.93Se0.06) with low contents of Zn (0.03%) and Ni (0.02%). References: |
| ⓘ Kanonaite Formula: Mn3+Al(SiO4)O |
| ⓘ Kaolinite Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ 'K Feldspar' Locality: Lienne valley, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium |
| ⓘ 'K Feldspar var. Adularia' Formula: KAlSi3O8 Locality: Lienne valley, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium |
| ⓘ Kintoreite Formula: PbFe3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 Habit: tiny steep rhombohedra Fluorescence: beige to light pale green |
| ⓘ Kutnohorite Formula: CaMn2+(CO3)2 Localities: Habit: primitive rhombohedra Colour: pale pink Description: Microprobe analysis (Schreyer et al., 1986) shows highly elevated levels of MgO. |
| ⓘ Langite Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. Habit: lamellae (flattened according to {001} and elongated according to [100]) Colour: blue Description: Associated with copper sulfides in quartz veins |
| ⓘ Lepidocrocite Formula: Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ 'Leucoxene' |
| ⓘ Libethenite Formula: Cu2(PO4)(OH) Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ 'Limonite' |
| ⓘ Lithiophorite Formula: (Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2 Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region. Habit: Small masses associated with wavellite or quartz Colour: dark grey to black Description: Microprobe analysis has shown, apart from Al and Mn, low contents of Co, Cu, Zn and Ni. According to Mélon et al. (1976), Laspeyre may have analysed a mixture of cryptomelane and lithiophorite (due to the relatively high K2O content). |
| ⓘ Magnetite Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4 Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Malachite Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 Localities: Reported from at least 14 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Malhmoodite Formula: FeZr(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ 'Manganese Oxides' |
| ⓘ Manganite Formula: Mn3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ Marcasite Formula: FeS2 Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Melanterite Formula: Fe2+(H2O)6(SO4) · H2O References: |
| ⓘ Melonite Formula: NiTe2 |
| ⓘ Melonite var. Palladium-bearing Melonite ? Formula: (Ni,Pd)Te2 |
| ⓘ Metatorbernite Formula: Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| ⓘ Mimetite Formula: Pb5(AsO4)3Cl Localities: Habit: acicular crystals up to 300µm, often in fibroradiating groups Colour: colourless to whitish Description: Associated with arsenopyrite. Contains trace amounts of Fe and Ca. |
| ⓘ Molybdenite Formula: MoS2 |
| ⓘ Molybdite Formula: MoO3 References: |
| ⓘ Monazite-(Ce) Formula: Ce(PO4) |
| ⓘ 'Monazite Group' Formula: REE(PO4) |
| ⓘ Montanite Formula: Bi2(TeO6) · nH2O |
| ⓘ Montmorillonite Formula: (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| ⓘ Montroydite ? Formula: HgO |
| ⓘ Muscovite Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 Localities: Reported from at least 20 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Muscovite var. Alurgite Formula: K(Al,Mn3+)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Muscovite var. Fuchsite Formula: K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 Localities: Habit: lamellae Colour: greenish (dichroic) Description: erroneously identified as cupriferous pyrophyllite by e.g. Dewalque (1894) |
| ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite Formula: K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Native Copper Formula: Cu Localities: |
| ⓘ Native Gold Formula: Au Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region. Habit: tiny lamellae in quartz veins and pseudocoticule |
| ⓘ Native Sulphur Formula: S8 Localities: Colour: colourless to yellowish Description: Originating from the alteration of sulfides associated with the quartz veins. |
| ⓘ Native Tellurium Formula: Te |
| ⓘ Nsutite Formula: (Mn4+,Mn2+)(O,OH)2 Localities: Habit: botryoidal masses with concentric structure Colour: black |
| ⓘ Olivenite Formula: Cu2(AsO4)(OH) Habit: prismatic, elongated according to the c axis showing {110} and {101} Colour: pale olive green |
| ⓘ Orthoclase Formula: K(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ Ottrélite Formula: Mn2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Paragonite Formula: NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 Localities: Description: intimately associated with muscovite |
| ⓘ Paratellurite Formula: TeO2 |
| ⓘ Pennantite Formula: Mn2+5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 Locality: Lienne valley, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium |
| ⓘ Pharmacosiderite Formula: KFe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 6-7H2O Localities: Habit: coatings consisting of cubic or tetrahedral microcrystals up to 100µm showing {100} and {111} Colour: yellowish, pale green, brownish Description: Associated with arsenopyrite. Chemical analysis shows the presence of low quantities of Al replacing Fe3+. |
| ⓘ Philipsbornite Formula: PbAl3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ Pickeringite Formula: MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O Locality: Stavelot, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium Habit: Silky tufts |
| ⓘ Piemontite Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) Localities: Description: associated with spessartine and kutnohorite. Contains close to 4% Ce2O3 (Hatert et al., 2002). |
| ⓘ Pilsenite ? Formula: Bi4Te3 Description: Hatert et al (2014): "the unidentified telluride from the Helle valley, which shows a composition between those of pilsenite and tsumoite. This mineral certainly corresponds to a new species." |
| ⓘ Plumbogummite Formula: PbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 References: |
| ⓘ Plumbojarosite Formula: Pb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ Posnjakite Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O Localities: Habit: crusts composed of fibrous aggregates Colour: light blue Description: In a phyllite-like green rock with abundant chloritoid |
| ⓘ Prehnite Formula: Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 Habit: tabular crystals, flattened according to {001} References: |
| ⓘ Pseudomalachite Formula: Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. Colour: dark green |
| ⓘ Pyrite Formula: FeS2 Localities: Reported from at least 17 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Pyrolusite Formula: Mn4+O2 Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Pyromorphite Formula: Pb5(PO4)3Cl Locality: Lienne valley, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium |
| ⓘ Pyrophyllite Formula: Al2Si4O10(OH)2 Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region. Habit: lamellar Colour: yellowish to greenish-white |
| ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group' Formula: ADSi2O6 |
| ⓘ Pyrrhotite Formula: Fe1-xS Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Quartz Formula: SiO2 Localities: Reported from at least 38 localities in this region. Colour: white, smoky, violet |
| ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst Formula: SiO2 |
| ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz Formula: SiO2 |
| ⓘ Rhabdophane-(Ce) Formula: Ce(PO4) · 0.6H2O |
| ⓘ Rhodochrosite Formula: MnCO3 Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region. Habit: spar-like masses Colour: pink |
| ⓘ Rutile Formula: TiO2 Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region. Habit: acicular, most often 2-3mm but up to 1cm in quartz |
| ⓘ Scheelite Formula: Ca(WO4) Habit: grains, small tabular crystals Fluorescence: white to blue (UV) Description: In the quartz veins of the tonalite and disseminated in the rock References: |
| ⓘ Scorodite Formula: Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ Siderite Formula: FeCO3 Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Slavíkite Formula: (H3O+)3Mg6Fe15(SO4)21(OH)18 · 98H2O Locality: Stavelot, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium References: |
| ⓘ Spessartine Formula: Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3 Localities: Reported from at least 18 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Sphalerite Formula: ZnS Localities: Thier des Carrières, Cahay, Vielsalm, Luxembourg, Wallonia, Belgium Hourt quarry, Grand-Halleux, Vielsalm, Luxembourg, Wallonia, Belgium Grand-Halleux borehole, Grand-Halleux, Vielsalm, Luxembourg, Wallonia, Belgium Herzogenhügel, Ternell, Eupen, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium Lammersdorf, Simmerath, Aachen, Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany |
| ⓘ Spinel ? Formula: MgAl2O4 References: |
| ⓘ Stavelotite-(La) (TL) Formula: (La,Nd,Ca)3Mn2+3Cu(Mn3+,Fe3+,Mn4+)26(Si2O7)6O30 Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Strengite Formula: FePO4 · 2H2O References: |
| ⓘ Strontiomelane Formula: Sr(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16 Habit: thin acicular crystals up to 2mm Description: Associated with braunite and/or kanonaite. Microprobe analysis shows the replacement of Ba by Sr of up to 60%, resulting in the mineral strontiomelane. References: Schreyer, Werner, Fransolet, André-Mathieu, Bernhardt, Heinz-Jürgen (2001) Hollandite–strontiomelane solid solutions coexisting with kanonaite and braunite in late quartz veins of the Stavelot Massif, Ardennes, Belgium. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 141 (5) 560-571 doi:10.1007/s004100100260 |
| ⓘ Sudoite Formula: Mg2Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Sursassite Formula: Mn2+2Al3(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)3 |
| ⓘ Teineite Formula: Cu2+(Te4+O3) · 2H2O Localities: Habit: millimeter-sized isolated crystals; polycrystalline aggregates up to 2.5mm; lamellae and "veneer"; glassy lustre; SEM analysis shows complex crystal faces Colour: azure blue Description: Intimately associated with covellite, hematite, and malachite |
| ⓘ Tellurobismuthite Formula: Bi2Te3 |
| ⓘ 'Tennantite Subgroup' Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S Locality: Lienne valley, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium |
| ⓘ Tenorite Formula: CuO |
| ⓘ Formula: Bi2Te2S Locality: Herzogenhügel, Ternell, Eupen, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium - erroneously reported Habit: Specks and micaceous lamellae Description: Previously erroneously identified as tetradymite by Van Wambeke (1954-1955). Later identified by XRD as joséite-B. Microprobe analysis (Godfroid, 1999) lead to the formula (Bi3.83Pb0.09Te0.08)Te2.00(S0.93Se0.06) with low contents of Zn (0.03%) and Ni (0.02%). References: |
| ⓘ Titanite Formula: CaTiO(SiO4) Localities: Habit: grains up to 1mm in the tonalite Description: Schreyer & Abraham (1978) show elevated Al levels in the titanite. |
| ⓘ Todorokite Formula: (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O Locality: Lienne valley, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium |
| ⓘ Torbernite Formula: Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
| ⓘ 'Tourmaline' Formula: AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region. Colour: colourless Description: in ardennite and vein quartz |
| ⓘ Tsumoite ? Formula: BiTe Description: Hatert et al (2014): "the unidentified telluride from the Helle valley, which shows a composition between those of pilsenite and tsumoite. This mineral certainly corresponds to a new species." |
| ⓘ Turquoise Formula: CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. Habit: multifaceted crystals up to 1-2mm; crusts coating cracks in quartz; globules resembling rosebuds Colour: blue-green |
| ⓘ Vantasselite (TL) Formula: Al4(PO4)3(OH)3 · 9H2O Localities: Habit: rosettes of thin tabular crystals; comb-shaped aggregates consisting of stacked fan-shaped lamellae (flattened according to {001}, elongated according to [100] and ending in {120} faces) Colour: white |
| ⓘ Variscite Formula: AlPO4 · 2H2O Localities: Habit: rosettes, lozenge-shaped, platy Colour: white Description: Associated with wavellite, vantasselite, turquoise and/or cacoxenite |
| ⓘ Volborthite Formula: Cu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ Wardite Formula: NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ Wavellite Formula: Al3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Wittichenite Formula: Cu3BiS3 |
| ⓘ Wroewolfeite Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O References: |
| ⓘ Wulfenite Formula: Pb(MoO4) Habit: usually as combinations of {101} and {112}, sometimes with less developed {104} facets; sometimes more elongated crystals, composed of very steep quadroctahedra with curved faces Colour: white, caramel brown, greasy lustre Description: Qualitative chemical analyses show (apart from Pb and Mo as major elements) non-negligible amounts of Fe and Cu. References: |
| ⓘ Xenotime-(Y) Formula: Y(PO4) |
| ⓘ Zemannite ? Formula: Mg0.5ZnFe3+(Te4+O3)3 · 4.5H2O |
| ⓘ Zircon Formula: Zr(SiO4) Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. |
| ⓘ Zoisite Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Native Copper | 1.AA.05 | Cu |
| ⓘ | Native Gold | 1.AA.05 | Au |
| ⓘ | Native Sulphur | 1.CC.05 | S8 |
| ⓘ | Native Tellurium | 1.CC.10 | Te |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| ⓘ | Chalcocite | 2.BA.05 | Cu2S |
| ⓘ | Djurleite | 2.BA.05 | Cu31S16 |
| ⓘ | Anilite | 2.BA.10 | Cu7S4 |
| ⓘ | Digenite | 2.BA.10 | Cu9S5 |
| ⓘ | Bornite | 2.BA.15 | Cu5FeS4 |
| ⓘ | Hessite | 2.BA.60 | Ag2Te |
| ⓘ | Bogdanovite ? | 2.BA.80 | (Au,Te,Pb)3(Cu,Fe) |
| ⓘ | Balkanite ? | 2.BD.15 | Cu9Ag5HgS8 |
| ⓘ | Danielsite ? | 2.BD.15 | (Cu,Ag)14HgS8 |
| ⓘ | Covellite | 2.CA.05a | CuS |
| ⓘ | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| ⓘ | Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ | Idaite | 2.CB.15a | Cu5FeS6 |
| ⓘ | Pyrrhotite | 2.CC.10 | Fe1-xS |
| ⓘ | Altaite | 2.CD.10 | PbTe |
| ⓘ | Galena | 2.CD.10 | PbS |
| ⓘ | Hedleyite ? | 2.DC.05 | Bi7Te3 |
| ⓘ | Joséite-B | 2.DC.05 | Bi4Te2S |
| ⓘ | Pilsenite ? | 2.DC.05 | Bi4Te3 |
| ⓘ | Tellurobismuthite | 2.DC.05 | Bi2Te3 |
| ⓘ | Tetradymite ? | 2.DC.05 | Bi2Te2S |
| ⓘ | Tsumoite ? | 2.DC.05 | BiTe |
| ⓘ | Melonite | 2.EA.20 | NiTe2 |
| ⓘ | var. Palladium-bearing Melonite ? | 2.EA.20 | (Ni,Pd)Te2 |
| ⓘ | Molybdenite | 2.EA.30 | MoS2 |
| ⓘ | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| ⓘ | Marcasite | 2.EB.10a | FeS2 |
| ⓘ | Arsenopyrite | 2.EB.20 | FeAsS |
| ⓘ | Cobaltite | 2.EB.25 | CoAsS |
| ⓘ | Gersdorffite | 2.EB.25 | NiAsS |
| ⓘ | Wittichenite | 2.GA.20 | Cu3BiS3 |
| ⓘ | Goldfieldite ? | 2.GB.05 | (Cu4◻2)(Cu4Cu+2)Te4S12S |
| ⓘ | 'Tennantite Subgroup' | 2.GB.05 | Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S |
| ⓘ | Aleksite | 2.GC.40a | PbBi2Te2S2 |
| ⓘ | Benjaminite | 2.JA.05e | Ag3Bi7S12 |
| Group 3 - Halides | |||
| ⓘ | Connellite | 3.DA.25 | Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Goethite | 4.00. | Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ | Cuprite | 4.AA.10 | Cu2O |
| ⓘ | Tenorite | 4.AB.10 | CuO |
| ⓘ | Delafossite | 4.AB.15 | Cu+Fe3+O2 |
| ⓘ | Montroydite ? | 4.AC.15 | HgO |
| ⓘ | Chromite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Cr3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Gahnite | 4.BB.05 | ZnAl2O4 |
| ⓘ | Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Spinel ? | 4.BB.05 | MgAl2O4 |
| ⓘ | Hausmannite | 4.BB.10 | Mn2+Mn3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Hematite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ | Ilmenite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2+TiO3 |
| ⓘ | Hematite var. Martite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ | Quartz var. Amethyst | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 | |
| ⓘ | var. Smoky Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | Cassiterite | 4.DB.05 | SnO2 |
| ⓘ | Pyrolusite | 4.DB.05 | Mn4+O2 |
| ⓘ | Rutile | 4.DB.05 | TiO2 |
| ⓘ | Nsutite | 4.DB.15c | (Mn4+,Mn2+)(O,OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Anatase | 4.DD.05 | TiO2 |
| ⓘ | Paratellurite | 4.DE.25 | TeO2 |
| ⓘ | Cryptomelane | 4.DK.05a | K(Mn4+7Mn3+)O16 |
| ⓘ | Hollandite | 4.DK.05a | Ba(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16 |
| ⓘ | Strontiomelane | 4.DK.05a | Sr(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16 |
| ⓘ | Todorokite | 4.DK.10 | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
| ⓘ | Molybdite | 4.E0.10 | MoO3 |
| ⓘ | Diaspore | 4.FD.10 | AlO(OH) |
| ⓘ | Groutite | 4.FD.10 | Mn3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ | Manganite | 4.FD.15 | Mn3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ | Lepidocrocite | 4.FE.15 | Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ | Lithiophorite | 4.FE.25 | (Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Balyakinite | 4.JK.15 | Cu(TeO3) |
| ⓘ | Denningite ? | 4.JK.30 | CaMn2+Te4+4O10 |
| ⓘ | Zemannite ? | 4.JM.05 | Mg0.5ZnFe3+(Te4+O3)3 · 4.5H2O |
| ⓘ | Graemite | 4.JM.15 | Cu[TeO3] · H2O |
| ⓘ | Teineite | 4.JM.20 | Cu2+(Te4+O3) · 2H2O |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Rhodochrosite | 5.AB.05 | MnCO3 |
| ⓘ | Siderite | 5.AB.05 | FeCO3 |
| ⓘ | Dolomite | 5.AB.10 | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ | Kutnohorite | 5.AB.10 | CaMn2+(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ | Aragonite | 5.AB.15 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Cerussite | 5.AB.15 | PbCO3 |
| ⓘ | Azurite | 5.BA.05 | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Malachite | 5.BA.10 | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Dawsonite | 5.BB.10 | NaAlCO3(OH)2 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | Anglesite | 7.AD.35 | PbSO4 |
| ⓘ | Baryte | 7.AD.35 | BaSO4 |
| ⓘ | Brochantite | 7.BB.25 | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Hydroniumjarosite | 7.BC.10 | (H3O)Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Jarosite | 7.BC.10 | KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Plumbojarosite | 7.BC.10 | Pb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Melanterite | 7.CB.35 | Fe2+(H2O)6(SO4) · H2O |
| ⓘ | Pickeringite | 7.CB.85 | MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| ⓘ | Gypsum | 7.CD.40 | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Montanite | 7.CD.60 | Bi2(TeO6) · nH2O |
| ⓘ | Fibroferrite ? | 7.DC.15 | Fe3+(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O |
| ⓘ | Langite | 7.DD.10 | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Posnjakite | 7.DD.10 | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O |
| ⓘ | Wroewolfeite | 7.DD.10 | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Chalcoalumite | 7.DD.75 | CuAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O |
| ⓘ | Slavíkite | 7.DF.30 | (H3O+)3Mg6Fe15(SO4)21(OH)18 · 98H2O |
| ⓘ | Scheelite | 7.GA.05 | Ca(WO4) |
| ⓘ | Wulfenite | 7.GA.05 | Pb(MoO4) |
| ⓘ | Ferrimolybdite | 7.GB.30 | Fe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O |
| Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates | |||
| ⓘ | Xenotime-(Y) | 8.AD.35 | Y(PO4) |
| ⓘ | Monazite-(Ce) | 8.AD.50 | Ce(PO4) |
| ⓘ | Libethenite | 8.BB.30 | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| ⓘ | Olivenite | 8.BB.30 | Cu2(AsO4)(OH) |
| ⓘ | Pseudomalachite | 8.BD.05 | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Clinoclase | 8.BE.20 | Cu3(AsO4)(OH)3 |
| ⓘ | Carminite | 8.BH.30 | PbFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Beudantite | 8.BL.05 | PbFe3+3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Arsenogoyazite | 8.BL.10 | SrAl3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Crandallite | 8.BL.10 | CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Kintoreite | 8.BL.10 | PbFe3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Philipsbornite | 8.BL.10 | PbAl3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Plumbogummite | 8.BL.10 | PbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Arsenoflorencite-(Ce) | 8.BL.13 | CeAl3(AsO4)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Florencite-(Ce) | 8.BL.13 | CeAl3(PO4)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Graulichite-(Ce) (TL) | 8.BL.13 | CeFe3+3(AsO4)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Fluorapatite | 8.BN.05 | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| ⓘ | Mimetite | 8.BN.05 | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| ⓘ | Pyromorphite | 8.BN.05 | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| ⓘ | Scorodite | 8.CD.10 | Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Strengite | 8.CD.10 | FePO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Variscite | 8.CD.10 | AlPO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Malhmoodite | 8.CE.75 | FeZr(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ | Rhabdophane-(Ce) | 8.CJ.45 | Ce(PO4) · 0.6H2O |
| ⓘ | Vantasselite (TL) | 8.DC.37 | Al4(PO4)3(OH)3 · 9H2O |
| ⓘ | Cacoxenite | 8.DC.40 | Fe3+24AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O |
| ⓘ | Wavellite | 8.DC.50 | Al3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O |
| ⓘ | Faustite | 8.DD.15 | ZnAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ | Turquoise | 8.DD.15 | CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ | Chalcophyllite | 8.DF.30 | Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O |
| ⓘ | Arseniosiderite | 8.DH.30 | Ca2Fe3+3(AsO4)3O2 · 3H2O |
| ⓘ | Bariopharmacosiderite | 8.DK.10 | Ba0.5Fe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 5H2O |
| ⓘ | Pharmacosiderite | 8.DK.10 | KFe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 6-7H2O |
| ⓘ | Wardite | 8.DL.10 | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Torbernite | 8.EB.05 | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
| ⓘ | Metatorbernite | 8.EB.10 | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| ⓘ | Volborthite | 8.FD.05 | Cu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Spessartine | 9.AD.25 | Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | Zircon | 9.AD.30 | Zr(SiO4) |
| ⓘ | Andalusite | 9.AF.10 | Al2(SiO4)O |
| ⓘ | Kanonaite | 9.AF.10 | Mn3+Al(SiO4)O |
| ⓘ | Andalusite var. Viridine | 9.AF.10 | (Al,Mn3+)2SiO4O |
| ⓘ | Chloritoid | 9.AF.85 | Fe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Ottrélite | 9.AF.85 | Mn2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Braunite | 9.AG.05 | Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8 |
| ⓘ | Titanite | 9.AG.15 | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| ⓘ | Stavelotite-(La) (TL) | 9.BE.87 | (La,Nd,Ca)3Mn2+3Cu(Mn3+,Fe3+,Mn4+)26(Si2O7)6O30 |
| ⓘ | Davreuxite | 9.BF.15 | MnAl6Si4O17(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Clinozoisite | 9.BG.05a | (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| ⓘ | Epidote | 9.BG.05a | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| ⓘ | Piemontite | 9.BG.05a | (CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| ⓘ | Zoisite | 9.BG.10 | (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| ⓘ | Sursassite | 9.BG.15 | Mn2+2Al3(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)3 |
| ⓘ | Ardennite-(As) (TL) | 9.BJ.40 | Mn2+4Al4(AlMg)(AsO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Ardennite-(V) | 9.BJ.40 | Mn2+4Al4(AlMg)(VO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Beryl | 9.CJ.05 | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| ⓘ | Carpholite | 9.DB.05 | Mn2+Al2(Si2O6)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Actinolite | 9.DE.10 | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Prehnite | 9.DP.20 | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Pyrophyllite | 9.EC.10 | Al2Si4O10(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Muscovite var. Alurgite | 9.EC.15 | K(Al,Mn3+)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | var. Fuchsite | 9.EC.15 | K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | var. Illite | 9.EC.15 | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| ⓘ | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 | |
| ⓘ | Paragonite | 9.EC.15 | NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Muscovite var. Sericite | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Montmorillonite | 9.EC.40 | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| ⓘ | Clinochlore | 9.EC.55 | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| ⓘ | Cookeite | 9.EC.55 | (LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8 |
| ⓘ | Pennantite | 9.EC.55 | Mn2+5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| ⓘ | Sudoite | 9.EC.55 | Mg2Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| ⓘ | Dickite | 9.ED.05 | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Kaolinite | 9.ED.05 | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Chrysocolla ? | 9.ED.20 | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| ⓘ | Orthoclase | 9.FA.30 | K(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | Albite | 9.FA.35 | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Unclassified | |||
| ⓘ | 'K Feldspar var. Adularia' | - | KAlSi3O8 |
| ⓘ | 'Amphibole Supergroup' | - | AB2C5(T8O22)W2 |
| ⓘ | 'Biotite' | - | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| ⓘ | 'Chlorite Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Clay minerals' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Feldspar Group' ? | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Limonite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Monazite Group' | - | REE(PO4) |
| ⓘ | 'Tourmaline' | - | AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| ⓘ | 'Leucoxene' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Hornblende Root Name Group' | - | ◻Ca2(C2+4C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2 |
| ⓘ | 'K Feldspar' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Pyroxene Group' | - | ADSi2O6 |
| ⓘ | 'Florencite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Garnet Group' | - | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | 'Manganese Oxides' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Apatite' | - | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| ⓘ | 'Ardennite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Ardennite-(Si)' ? | - | ~Mn2+4Al4(AlMg)(SiO4,AsO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Actinolite | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite var. Alurgite | K(Al,Mn3+)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Arsenogoyazite | SrAl3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Ardennite-(As) | Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(AsO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Arseniosiderite | Ca2Fe33+(AsO4)3O2 · 3H2O |
| H | ⓘ Arsenoflorencite-(Ce) | CeAl3(AsO4)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Bariopharmacosiderite | Ba0.5Fe43+(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 5H2O |
| H | ⓘ Beudantite | PbFe33+(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| H | ⓘ Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Cacoxenite | Fe243+AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O |
| H | ⓘ Carminite | PbFe23+(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Carpholite | Mn2+Al2(Si2O6)(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Chalcoalumite | CuAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O |
| H | ⓘ Chalcophyllite | Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O |
| H | ⓘ Chloritoid | Fe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| H | ⓘ Clinoclase | Cu3(AsO4)(OH)3 |
| H | ⓘ Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| H | ⓘ Clinozoisite | (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| H | ⓘ Connellite | Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O |
| H | ⓘ Cookeite | (LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8 |
| H | ⓘ Crandallite | CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Davreuxite | MnAl6Si4O17(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Dawsonite | NaAlCO3(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Diaspore | AlO(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Dickite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| H | ⓘ Ferrimolybdite | Fe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O |
| H | ⓘ Fibroferrite | Fe3+(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O |
| H | ⓘ Florencite-(Ce) | CeAl3(PO4)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite var. Fuchsite | K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Faustite | ZnAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O |
| H | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Graemite | Cu[TeO3] · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Groutite | Mn3+O(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Hydroniumjarosite | (H3O)Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Jarosite | KFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Kintoreite | PbFe3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Langite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Lepidocrocite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Libethenite | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Lithiophorite | (Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Manganite | Mn3+O(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Malhmoodite | FeZr(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| H | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6(SO4) · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Metatorbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| H | ⓘ Montanite | Bi2(TeO6) · nH2O |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| H | ⓘ Nsutite | (Mn4+,Mn2+)(O,OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Olivenite | Cu2(AsO4)(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Ottrélite | Mn2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Paragonite | NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Pennantite | Mn52+Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| H | ⓘ Pharmacosiderite | KFe43+(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 6-7H2O |
| H | ⓘ Philipsbornite | PbAl3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Pickeringite | MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| H | ⓘ Piemontite | (CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| H | ⓘ Plumbogummite | PbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Plumbojarosite | Pb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Posnjakite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Prehnite | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Pseudomalachite | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Pyrophyllite | Al2Si4O10(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Rhabdophane-(Ce) | Ce(PO4) · 0.6H2O |
| H | ⓘ Scorodite | Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Slavíkite | (H3O+)3Mg6Fe15(SO4)21(OH)18 · 98H2O |
| H | ⓘ Strengite | FePO4 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Sudoite | Mg2Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| H | ⓘ Sursassite | Mn22+Al3(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)3 |
| H | ⓘ Teineite | Cu2+(Te4+O3) · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Todorokite | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
| H | ⓘ Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
| H | ⓘ Turquoise | CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O |
| H | ⓘ Vantasselite | Al4(PO4)3(OH)3 · 9H2O |
| H | ⓘ Variscite | AlPO4 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Volborthite | Cu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Wardite | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Wavellite | Al3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O |
| H | ⓘ Wroewolfeite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Zemannite | Mg0.5ZnFe3+(Te4+O3)3 · 4.5H2O |
| H | ⓘ Zoisite | (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Graulichite-(Ce) | CeFe33+(AsO4)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Ardennite-(V) | Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(VO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Ardennite-(Si) | ~Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(SiO4,AsO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| Li | Lithium | |
| Li | ⓘ Cookeite | (LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8 |
| Li | ⓘ Lithiophorite | (Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2 |
| Be | Beryllium | |
| Be | ⓘ Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| B | Boron | |
| B | ⓘ Tourmaline | AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Dawsonite | NaAlCO3(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| C | ⓘ Kutnohorite | CaMn2+(CO3)2 |
| C | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Rhodochrosite | MnCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Actinolite | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ K Feldspar var. Adularia | KAlSi3O8 |
| O | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite var. Alurgite | K(Al,Mn3+)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup | AB2C5(T8O22)W2 |
| O | ⓘ Anatase | TiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Andalusite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| O | ⓘ Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Arsenogoyazite | SrAl3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Ardennite-(As) | Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(AsO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Arseniosiderite | Ca2Fe33+(AsO4)3O2 · 3H2O |
| O | ⓘ Arsenoflorencite-(Ce) | CeAl3(AsO4)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Bariopharmacosiderite | Ba0.5Fe43+(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 5H2O |
| O | ⓘ Balyakinite | Cu(TeO3) |
| O | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Beudantite | PbFe33+(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| O | ⓘ Braunite | Mn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8 |
| O | ⓘ Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| O | ⓘ Cacoxenite | Fe243+AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Carminite | PbFe23+(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Carpholite | Mn2+Al2(Si2O6)(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Cassiterite | SnO2 |
| O | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Chalcoalumite | CuAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O |
| O | ⓘ Chalcophyllite | Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O |
| O | ⓘ Chloritoid | Fe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Chromite | Fe2+Cr23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| O | ⓘ Clinoclase | Cu3(AsO4)(OH)3 |
| O | ⓘ Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| O | ⓘ Clinozoisite | (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| O | ⓘ Connellite | Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O |
| O | ⓘ Cookeite | (LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8 |
| O | ⓘ Crandallite | CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Cryptomelane | K(Mn74+Mn3+)O16 |
| O | ⓘ Cuprite | Cu2O |
| O | ⓘ Davreuxite | MnAl6Si4O17(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Dawsonite | NaAlCO3(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Delafossite | Cu+Fe3+O2 |
| O | ⓘ Denningite | CaMn2+Te44+O10 |
| O | ⓘ Diaspore | AlO(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Dickite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| O | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| O | ⓘ Ferrimolybdite | Fe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O |
| O | ⓘ Fibroferrite | Fe3+(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O |
| O | ⓘ Florencite-(Ce) | CeAl3(PO4)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite var. Fuchsite | K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Faustite | ZnAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O |
| O | ⓘ Gahnite | ZnAl2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Graemite | Cu[TeO3] · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Groutite | Mn3+O(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Hausmannite | Mn2+Mn23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Hollandite | Ba(Mn64+Mn23+)O16 |
| O | ⓘ Hydroniumjarosite | (H3O)Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| O | ⓘ Jarosite | KFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Kanonaite | Mn3+Al(SiO4)O |
| O | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Kintoreite | PbFe3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Kutnohorite | CaMn2+(CO3)2 |
| O | ⓘ Langite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Lepidocrocite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Libethenite | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Lithiophorite | (Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Manganite | Mn3+O(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Malhmoodite | FeZr(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| O | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Hematite var. Martite | Fe2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6(SO4) · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Metatorbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| O | ⓘ Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| O | ⓘ Molybdite | MoO3 |
| O | ⓘ Monazite Group | REE(PO4) |
| O | ⓘ Monazite-(Ce) | Ce(PO4) |
| O | ⓘ Montanite | Bi2(TeO6) · nH2O |
| O | ⓘ Montroydite | HgO |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| O | ⓘ Nsutite | (Mn4+,Mn2+)(O,OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Olivenite | Cu2(AsO4)(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Ottrélite | Mn2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Paragonite | NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Paratellurite | TeO2 |
| O | ⓘ Pennantite | Mn52+Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| O | ⓘ Pharmacosiderite | KFe43+(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 6-7H2O |
| O | ⓘ Philipsbornite | PbAl3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Pickeringite | MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| O | ⓘ Piemontite | (CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| O | ⓘ Plumbogummite | PbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Plumbojarosite | Pb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Posnjakite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Prehnite | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Pseudomalachite | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Pyrolusite | Mn4+O2 |
| O | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| O | ⓘ Pyrophyllite | Al2Si4O10(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Rhabdophane-(Ce) | Ce(PO4) · 0.6H2O |
| O | ⓘ Rhodochrosite | MnCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Rutile | TiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Scheelite | Ca(WO4) |
| O | ⓘ Scorodite | Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Slavíkite | (H3O+)3Mg6Fe15(SO4)21(OH)18 · 98H2O |
| O | ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Spessartine | Mn32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Strengite | FePO4 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Sudoite | Mg2Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| O | ⓘ Sursassite | Mn22+Al3(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)3 |
| O | ⓘ Teineite | Cu2+(Te4+O3) · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Tenorite | CuO |
| O | ⓘ Titanite | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| O | ⓘ Todorokite | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
| O | ⓘ Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
| O | ⓘ Tourmaline | AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| O | ⓘ Turquoise | CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O |
| O | ⓘ Vantasselite | Al4(PO4)3(OH)3 · 9H2O |
| O | ⓘ Variscite | AlPO4 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Volborthite | Cu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Wardite | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Wavellite | Al3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O |
| O | ⓘ Wroewolfeite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
| O | ⓘ Xenotime-(Y) | Y(PO4) |
| O | ⓘ Zemannite | Mg0.5ZnFe3+(Te4+O3)3 · 4.5H2O |
| O | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| O | ⓘ Zoisite | (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| O | ⓘ Strontiomelane | Sr(Mn64+Mn23+)O16 |
| O | ⓘ Andalusite var. Viridine | (Al,Mn3+)2SiO4O |
| O | ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group | ◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2 |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Pyroxene Group | ADSi2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Garnet Group | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Graulichite-(Ce) | CeFe33+(AsO4)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Stavelotite-(La) | (La,Nd,Ca)3Mn32+Cu(Mn3+,Fe3+,Mn4+)26(Si2O7)6O30 |
| O | ⓘ Ardennite-(V) | Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(VO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| O | ⓘ Ardennite-(Si) | ~Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(SiO4,AsO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| F | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Na | ⓘ Dawsonite | NaAlCO3(OH)2 |
| Na | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Na | ⓘ Paragonite | NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Na | ⓘ Todorokite | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
| Na | ⓘ Wardite | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Actinolite | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Ardennite-(As) | Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(AsO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| Mg | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Mg | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Mg | ⓘ Pickeringite | MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| Mg | ⓘ Slavíkite | (H3O+)3Mg6Fe15(SO4)21(OH)18 · 98H2O |
| Mg | ⓘ Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| Mg | ⓘ Sudoite | Mg2Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Mg | ⓘ Todorokite | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
| Mg | ⓘ Zemannite | Mg0.5ZnFe3+(Te4+O3)3 · 4.5H2O |
| Mg | ⓘ Ardennite-(V) | Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(VO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| Mg | ⓘ Ardennite-(Si) | ~Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(SiO4,AsO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ K Feldspar var. Adularia | KAlSi3O8 |
| Al | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite var. Alurgite | K(Al,Mn3+)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Andalusite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| Al | ⓘ Arsenogoyazite | SrAl3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)(OH)6 |
| Al | ⓘ Ardennite-(As) | Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(AsO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| Al | ⓘ Arsenoflorencite-(Ce) | CeAl3(AsO4)2(OH)6 |
| Al | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Al | ⓘ Cacoxenite | Fe243+AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Carpholite | Mn2+Al2(Si2O6)(OH)4 |
| Al | ⓘ Chalcoalumite | CuAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Chalcophyllite | Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Chloritoid | Fe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| Al | ⓘ Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Al | ⓘ Clinozoisite | (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Cookeite | (LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8 |
| Al | ⓘ Crandallite | CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| Al | ⓘ Davreuxite | MnAl6Si4O17(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Dawsonite | NaAlCO3(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Diaspore | AlO(OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Dickite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Al | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Florencite-(Ce) | CeAl3(PO4)2(OH)6 |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite var. Fuchsite | K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Faustite | ZnAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Gahnite | ZnAl2O4 |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Kanonaite | Mn3+Al(SiO4)O |
| Al | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Al | ⓘ Lithiophorite | (Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Al | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Ottrélite | Mn2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Paragonite | NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Pennantite | Mn52+Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Al | ⓘ Philipsbornite | PbAl3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)(OH)6 |
| Al | ⓘ Pickeringite | MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Piemontite | (CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Plumbogummite | PbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| Al | ⓘ Prehnite | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Pyrophyllite | Al2Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Spessartine | Mn32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Al | ⓘ Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| Al | ⓘ Sudoite | Mg2Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Al | ⓘ Sursassite | Mn22+Al3(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)3 |
| Al | ⓘ Todorokite | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Turquoise | CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Vantasselite | Al4(PO4)3(OH)3 · 9H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Variscite | AlPO4 · 2H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Wardite | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Wavellite | Al3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Zoisite | (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Andalusite var. Viridine | (Al,Mn3+)2SiO4O |
| Al | ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group | ◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2 |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Ardennite-(V) | Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(VO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| Al | ⓘ Ardennite-(Si) | ~Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(SiO4,AsO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Actinolite | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ K Feldspar var. Adularia | KAlSi3O8 |
| Si | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite var. Alurgite | K(Al,Mn3+)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Andalusite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| Si | ⓘ Ardennite-(As) | Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(AsO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| Si | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Braunite | Mn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8 |
| Si | ⓘ Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Si | ⓘ Carpholite | Mn2+Al2(Si2O6)(OH)4 |
| Si | ⓘ Chloritoid | Fe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| Si | ⓘ Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Si | ⓘ Clinozoisite | (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Si | ⓘ Cookeite | (LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8 |
| Si | ⓘ Davreuxite | MnAl6Si4O17(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Dickite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Si | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite var. Fuchsite | K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Kanonaite | Mn3+Al(SiO4)O |
| Si | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Si | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Ottrélite | Mn2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Paragonite | NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Pennantite | Mn52+Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Si | ⓘ Piemontite | (CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Si | ⓘ Prehnite | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Pyrophyllite | Al2Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Spessartine | Mn32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Sudoite | Mg2Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Si | ⓘ Sursassite | Mn22+Al3(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Titanite | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| Si | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Si | ⓘ Zoisite | (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Si | ⓘ Andalusite var. Viridine | (Al,Mn3+)2SiO4O |
| Si | ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group | ◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2 |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Pyroxene Group | ADSi2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Garnet Group | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Stavelotite-(La) | (La,Nd,Ca)3Mn32+Cu(Mn3+,Fe3+,Mn4+)26(Si2O7)6O30 |
| Si | ⓘ Ardennite-(V) | Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(VO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| Si | ⓘ Ardennite-(Si) | ~Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(SiO4,AsO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | ⓘ Cacoxenite | Fe243+AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O |
| P | ⓘ Crandallite | CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| P | ⓘ Florencite-(Ce) | CeAl3(PO4)2(OH)6 |
| P | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| P | ⓘ Faustite | ZnAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O |
| P | ⓘ Kintoreite | PbFe3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| P | ⓘ Libethenite | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| P | ⓘ Malhmoodite | FeZr(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| P | ⓘ Metatorbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| P | ⓘ Monazite Group | REE(PO4) |
| P | ⓘ Monazite-(Ce) | Ce(PO4) |
| P | ⓘ Plumbogummite | PbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| P | ⓘ Pseudomalachite | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| P | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| P | ⓘ Rhabdophane-(Ce) | Ce(PO4) · 0.6H2O |
| P | ⓘ Strengite | FePO4 · 2H2O |
| P | ⓘ Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
| P | ⓘ Turquoise | CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O |
| P | ⓘ Vantasselite | Al4(PO4)3(OH)3 · 9H2O |
| P | ⓘ Variscite | AlPO4 · 2H2O |
| P | ⓘ Wardite | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| P | ⓘ Wavellite | Al3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O |
| P | ⓘ Xenotime-(Y) | Y(PO4) |
| P | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Aleksite | PbBi2Te2S2 |
| S | ⓘ Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Anilite | Cu7S4 |
| S | ⓘ Arsenopyrite | FeAsS |
| S | ⓘ Balkanite | Cu9Ag5HgS8 |
| S | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Benjaminite | Ag3Bi7S12 |
| S | ⓘ Beudantite | PbFe33+(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| S | ⓘ Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| S | ⓘ Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| S | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Chalcoalumite | CuAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O |
| S | ⓘ Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| S | ⓘ Chalcophyllite | Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O |
| S | ⓘ Cobaltite | CoAsS |
| S | ⓘ Connellite | Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O |
| S | ⓘ Covellite | CuS |
| S | ⓘ Danielsite | (Cu,Ag)14HgS8 |
| S | ⓘ Digenite | Cu9S5 |
| S | ⓘ Djurleite | Cu31S16 |
| S | ⓘ Fibroferrite | Fe3+(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O |
| S | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| S | ⓘ Gersdorffite | NiAsS |
| S | ⓘ Goldfieldite | (Cu4◻2)(Cu4Cu2+)Te4S12S |
| S | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| S | ⓘ Hydroniumjarosite | (H3O)Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| S | ⓘ Idaite | Cu5FeS6 |
| S | ⓘ Jarosite | KFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| S | ⓘ Joséite-B | Bi4Te2S |
| S | ⓘ Langite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| S | ⓘ Marcasite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6(SO4) · H2O |
| S | ⓘ Molybdenite | MoS2 |
| S | ⓘ Pickeringite | MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
| S | ⓘ Plumbojarosite | Pb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| S | ⓘ Posnjakite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O |
| S | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| S | ⓘ Slavíkite | (H3O+)3Mg6Fe15(SO4)21(OH)18 · 98H2O |
| S | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| S | ⓘ Native Sulphur | S8 |
| S | ⓘ Tennantite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S |
| S | ⓘ Tetradymite | Bi2Te2S |
| S | ⓘ Wittichenite | Cu3BiS3 |
| S | ⓘ Wroewolfeite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | ⓘ Connellite | Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O |
| Cl | ⓘ Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| Cl | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | ⓘ K Feldspar var. Adularia | KAlSi3O8 |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite var. Alurgite | K(Al,Mn3+)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| K | ⓘ Cryptomelane | K(Mn74+Mn3+)O16 |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite var. Fuchsite | K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Jarosite | KFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| K | ⓘ Pharmacosiderite | KFe43+(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 6-7H2O |
| K | ⓘ Todorokite | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Actinolite | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Arseniosiderite | Ca2Fe33+(AsO4)3O2 · 3H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Clinozoisite | (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Ca | ⓘ Crandallite | CaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| Ca | ⓘ Denningite | CaMn2+Te44+O10 |
| Ca | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Ca | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| Ca | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Kutnohorite | CaMn2+(CO3)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Piemontite | (CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Ca | ⓘ Prehnite | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Scheelite | Ca(WO4) |
| Ca | ⓘ Titanite | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| Ca | ⓘ Todorokite | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Zoisite | (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Ca | ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group | ◻Ca2(C42+C3+)(AlSi7O22)W2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Stavelotite-(La) | (La,Nd,Ca)3Mn32+Cu(Mn3+,Fe3+,Mn4+)26(Si2O7)6O30 |
| Ca | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3A |
| Ti | Titanium | |
| Ti | ⓘ Anatase | TiO2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| Ti | ⓘ Rutile | TiO2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Titanite | CaTiO(SiO4) |
| V | Vanadium | |
| V | ⓘ Volborthite | Cu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O |
| V | ⓘ Ardennite-(V) | Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(VO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| Cr | Chromium | |
| Cr | ⓘ Chromite | Fe2+Cr23+O4 |
| Cr | ⓘ Muscovite var. Fuchsite | K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 |
| Mn | Manganese | |
| Mn | ⓘ Muscovite var. Alurgite | K(Al,Mn3+)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Mn | ⓘ Ardennite-(As) | Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(AsO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| Mn | ⓘ Braunite | Mn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8 |
| Mn | ⓘ Carpholite | Mn2+Al2(Si2O6)(OH)4 |
| Mn | ⓘ Cryptomelane | K(Mn74+Mn3+)O16 |
| Mn | ⓘ Davreuxite | MnAl6Si4O17(OH)2 |
| Mn | ⓘ Denningite | CaMn2+Te44+O10 |
| Mn | ⓘ Groutite | Mn3+O(OH) |
| Mn | ⓘ Hausmannite | Mn2+Mn23+O4 |
| Mn | ⓘ Hollandite | Ba(Mn64+Mn23+)O16 |
| Mn | ⓘ Kanonaite | Mn3+Al(SiO4)O |
| Mn | ⓘ Kutnohorite | CaMn2+(CO3)2 |
| Mn | ⓘ Lithiophorite | (Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2 |
| Mn | ⓘ Manganite | Mn3+O(OH) |
| Mn | ⓘ Nsutite | (Mn4+,Mn2+)(O,OH)2 |
| Mn | ⓘ Ottrélite | Mn2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 |
| Mn | ⓘ Pennantite | Mn52+Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Mn | ⓘ Piemontite | (CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Mn | ⓘ Pyrolusite | Mn4+O2 |
| Mn | ⓘ Rhodochrosite | MnCO3 |
| Mn | ⓘ Spessartine | Mn32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Mn | ⓘ Sursassite | Mn22+Al3(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)3 |
| Mn | ⓘ Todorokite | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
| Mn | ⓘ Strontiomelane | Sr(Mn64+Mn23+)O16 |
| Mn | ⓘ Andalusite var. Viridine | (Al,Mn3+)2SiO4O |
| Mn | ⓘ Stavelotite-(La) | (La,Nd,Ca)3Mn32+Cu(Mn3+,Fe3+,Mn4+)26(Si2O7)6O30 |
| Mn | ⓘ Ardennite-(V) | Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(VO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| Mn | ⓘ Ardennite-(Si) | ~Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(SiO4,AsO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Actinolite | ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Arsenopyrite | FeAsS |
| Fe | ⓘ Arseniosiderite | Ca2Fe33+(AsO4)3O2 · 3H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Bariopharmacosiderite | Ba0.5Fe43+(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 5H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Beudantite | PbFe33+(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Bogdanovite | (Au,Te,Pb)3(Cu,Fe) |
| Fe | ⓘ Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Cacoxenite | Fe243+AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Carminite | PbFe23+(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Chloritoid | Fe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Chromite | Fe2+Cr23+O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Delafossite | Cu+Fe3+O2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Ferrimolybdite | Fe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Fibroferrite | Fe3+(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Goethite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Hydroniumjarosite | (H3O)Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Idaite | Cu5FeS6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Jarosite | KFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Kintoreite | PbFe3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Lepidocrocite | Fe3+O(OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Malhmoodite | FeZr(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Marcasite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Hematite var. Martite | Fe2O3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6(SO4) · H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Pharmacosiderite | KFe43+(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 6-7H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Plumbojarosite | Pb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| Fe | ⓘ Scorodite | Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Slavíkite | (H3O+)3Mg6Fe15(SO4)21(OH)18 · 98H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Strengite | FePO4 · 2H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Zemannite | Mg0.5ZnFe3+(Te4+O3)3 · 4.5H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Graulichite-(Ce) | CeFe33+(AsO4)2(OH)6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Stavelotite-(La) | (La,Nd,Ca)3Mn32+Cu(Mn3+,Fe3+,Mn4+)26(Si2O7)6O30 |
| Co | Cobalt | |
| Co | ⓘ Cobaltite | CoAsS |
| Ni | Nickel | |
| Ni | ⓘ Gersdorffite | NiAsS |
| Ni | ⓘ Melonite | NiTe2 |
| Ni | ⓘ Melonite var. Palladium-bearing Melonite | (Ni,Pd)Te2 |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | ⓘ Anilite | Cu7S4 |
| Cu | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Balkanite | Cu9Ag5HgS8 |
| Cu | ⓘ Balyakinite | Cu(TeO3) |
| Cu | ⓘ Bogdanovite | (Au,Te,Pb)3(Cu,Fe) |
| Cu | ⓘ Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| Cu | ⓘ Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcoalumite | CuAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcophyllite | Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| Cu | ⓘ Clinoclase | Cu3(AsO4)(OH)3 |
| Cu | ⓘ Connellite | Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Covellite | CuS |
| Cu | ⓘ Cuprite | Cu2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Native Copper | Cu |
| Cu | ⓘ Danielsite | (Cu,Ag)14HgS8 |
| Cu | ⓘ Delafossite | Cu+Fe3+O2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Digenite | Cu9S5 |
| Cu | ⓘ Djurleite | Cu31S16 |
| Cu | ⓘ Goldfieldite | (Cu4◻2)(Cu4Cu2+)Te4S12S |
| Cu | ⓘ Graemite | Cu[TeO3] · H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Idaite | Cu5FeS6 |
| Cu | ⓘ Langite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Libethenite | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| Cu | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Metatorbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Olivenite | Cu2(AsO4)(OH) |
| Cu | ⓘ Posnjakite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Pseudomalachite | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| Cu | ⓘ Teineite | Cu2+(Te4+O3) · 2H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Tennantite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S |
| Cu | ⓘ Tenorite | CuO |
| Cu | ⓘ Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Turquoise | CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Volborthite | Cu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Wittichenite | Cu3BiS3 |
| Cu | ⓘ Wroewolfeite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Stavelotite-(La) | (La,Nd,Ca)3Mn32+Cu(Mn3+,Fe3+,Mn4+)26(Si2O7)6O30 |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | ⓘ Faustite | ZnAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Gahnite | ZnAl2O4 |
| Zn | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Zn | ⓘ Zemannite | Mg0.5ZnFe3+(Te4+O3)3 · 4.5H2O |
| As | Arsenic | |
| As | ⓘ Arsenogoyazite | SrAl3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)(OH)6 |
| As | ⓘ Arsenopyrite | FeAsS |
| As | ⓘ Ardennite-(As) | Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(AsO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| As | ⓘ Arseniosiderite | Ca2Fe33+(AsO4)3O2 · 3H2O |
| As | ⓘ Arsenoflorencite-(Ce) | CeAl3(AsO4)2(OH)6 |
| As | ⓘ Bariopharmacosiderite | Ba0.5Fe43+(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 5H2O |
| As | ⓘ Beudantite | PbFe33+(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| As | ⓘ Carminite | PbFe23+(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| As | ⓘ Chalcophyllite | Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O |
| As | ⓘ Clinoclase | Cu3(AsO4)(OH)3 |
| As | ⓘ Cobaltite | CoAsS |
| As | ⓘ Gersdorffite | NiAsS |
| As | ⓘ Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| As | ⓘ Olivenite | Cu2(AsO4)(OH) |
| As | ⓘ Pharmacosiderite | KFe43+(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 6-7H2O |
| As | ⓘ Philipsbornite | PbAl3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)(OH)6 |
| As | ⓘ Scorodite | Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O |
| As | ⓘ Tennantite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S |
| As | ⓘ Graulichite-(Ce) | CeFe33+(AsO4)2(OH)6 |
| As | ⓘ Ardennite-(Si) | ~Mn42+Al4(AlMg)(SiO4,AsO4)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(OH)6 |
| Sr | Strontium | |
| Sr | ⓘ Arsenogoyazite | SrAl3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)(OH)6 |
| Sr | ⓘ Todorokite | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
| Sr | ⓘ Strontiomelane | Sr(Mn64+Mn23+)O16 |
| Y | Yttrium | |
| Y | ⓘ Xenotime-(Y) | Y(PO4) |
| Zr | Zirconium | |
| Zr | ⓘ Malhmoodite | FeZr(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| Zr | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Mo | Molybdenum | |
| Mo | ⓘ Ferrimolybdite | Fe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O |
| Mo | ⓘ Molybdenite | MoS2 |
| Mo | ⓘ Molybdite | MoO3 |
| Mo | ⓘ Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
| Pd | Palladium | |
| Pd | ⓘ Melonite var. Palladium-bearing Melonite | (Ni,Pd)Te2 |
| Ag | Silver | |
| Ag | ⓘ Balkanite | Cu9Ag5HgS8 |
| Ag | ⓘ Benjaminite | Ag3Bi7S12 |
| Ag | ⓘ Danielsite | (Cu,Ag)14HgS8 |
| Ag | ⓘ Hessite | Ag2Te |
| Sn | Tin | |
| Sn | ⓘ Cassiterite | SnO2 |
| Te | Tellurium | |
| Te | ⓘ Aleksite | PbBi2Te2S2 |
| Te | ⓘ Altaite | PbTe |
| Te | ⓘ Balyakinite | Cu(TeO3) |
| Te | ⓘ Bogdanovite | (Au,Te,Pb)3(Cu,Fe) |
| Te | ⓘ Denningite | CaMn2+Te44+O10 |
| Te | ⓘ Goldfieldite | (Cu4◻2)(Cu4Cu2+)Te4S12S |
| Te | ⓘ Graemite | Cu[TeO3] · H2O |
| Te | ⓘ Hedleyite | Bi7Te3 |
| Te | ⓘ Hessite | Ag2Te |
| Te | ⓘ Joséite-B | Bi4Te2S |
| Te | ⓘ Melonite | NiTe2 |
| Te | ⓘ Montanite | Bi2(TeO6) · nH2O |
| Te | ⓘ Paratellurite | TeO2 |
| Te | ⓘ Pilsenite | Bi4Te3 |
| Te | ⓘ Teineite | Cu2+(Te4+O3) · 2H2O |
| Te | ⓘ Native Tellurium | Te |
| Te | ⓘ Tellurobismuthite | Bi2Te3 |
| Te | ⓘ Tetradymite | Bi2Te2S |
| Te | ⓘ Tsumoite | BiTe |
| Te | ⓘ Zemannite | Mg0.5ZnFe3+(Te4+O3)3 · 4.5H2O |
| Te | ⓘ Melonite var. Palladium-bearing Melonite | (Ni,Pd)Te2 |
| Ba | Barium | |
| Ba | ⓘ Bariopharmacosiderite | Ba0.5Fe43+(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 5H2O |
| Ba | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| Ba | ⓘ Hollandite | Ba(Mn64+Mn23+)O16 |
| Ba | ⓘ Todorokite | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
| La | Lanthanum | |
| La | ⓘ Stavelotite-(La) | (La,Nd,Ca)3Mn32+Cu(Mn3+,Fe3+,Mn4+)26(Si2O7)6O30 |
| Ce | Cerium | |
| Ce | ⓘ Arsenoflorencite-(Ce) | CeAl3(AsO4)2(OH)6 |
| Ce | ⓘ Florencite-(Ce) | CeAl3(PO4)2(OH)6 |
| Ce | ⓘ Monazite-(Ce) | Ce(PO4) |
| Ce | ⓘ Rhabdophane-(Ce) | Ce(PO4) · 0.6H2O |
| Ce | ⓘ Graulichite-(Ce) | CeFe33+(AsO4)2(OH)6 |
| Nd | Neodymium | |
| Nd | ⓘ Stavelotite-(La) | (La,Nd,Ca)3Mn32+Cu(Mn3+,Fe3+,Mn4+)26(Si2O7)6O30 |
| W | Tungsten | |
| W | ⓘ Scheelite | Ca(WO4) |
| Au | Gold | |
| Au | ⓘ Bogdanovite | (Au,Te,Pb)3(Cu,Fe) |
| Au | ⓘ Native Gold | Au |
| Hg | Mercury | |
| Hg | ⓘ Balkanite | Cu9Ag5HgS8 |
| Hg | ⓘ Danielsite | (Cu,Ag)14HgS8 |
| Hg | ⓘ Montroydite | HgO |
| Pb | Lead | |
| Pb | ⓘ Aleksite | PbBi2Te2S2 |
| Pb | ⓘ Altaite | PbTe |
| Pb | ⓘ Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| Pb | ⓘ Beudantite | PbFe33+(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| Pb | ⓘ Bogdanovite | (Au,Te,Pb)3(Cu,Fe) |
| Pb | ⓘ Carminite | PbFe23+(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| Pb | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| Pb | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| Pb | ⓘ Kintoreite | PbFe3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| Pb | ⓘ Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| Pb | ⓘ Philipsbornite | PbAl3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)(OH)6 |
| Pb | ⓘ Plumbogummite | PbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| Pb | ⓘ Plumbojarosite | Pb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| Pb | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| Pb | ⓘ Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
| Bi | Bismuth | |
| Bi | ⓘ Aleksite | PbBi2Te2S2 |
| Bi | ⓘ Benjaminite | Ag3Bi7S12 |
| Bi | ⓘ Hedleyite | Bi7Te3 |
| Bi | ⓘ Joséite-B | Bi4Te2S |
| Bi | ⓘ Montanite | Bi2(TeO6) · nH2O |
| Bi | ⓘ Pilsenite | Bi4Te3 |
| Bi | ⓘ Tellurobismuthite | Bi2Te3 |
| Bi | ⓘ Tetradymite | Bi2Te2S |
| Bi | ⓘ Tsumoite | BiTe |
| Bi | ⓘ Wittichenite | Cu3BiS3 |
| U | Uranium | |
| U | ⓘ Metatorbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| U | ⓘ Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
Fossils
There are 1 fossil locality from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.
| Occurrences | 1 |
|---|---|
| Youngest Fossil Listed | 72.1 Ma (Late/Upper Cretaceous) |
| Oldest Fossil Listed | 83.6 Ma (Late/Upper Cretaceous) |
| Fossils from Region | Click here to show the list. |
| Fossil Localities | Click to show 1 fossil locality |
Localities in this Region
- Wallonia
- Liège
- Aywaille
- Eupen
- Ferrières
- Lienne valley
- ⭔Lierneux
- Malmedy
- Bévercé
- Sankt-Vith
- Spa
- ⭔Stavelot
- ⭔Stoumont
- Bierleux
- La Gleize
- Liège
- Wallonia
- Liège
- Stoumont
- Trois-Ponts
- Wanne
- Luxembourg
- Vielsalm
- ⭔Bihain
- ⭔Burtonville
- ⭔Cahay
- Grand-Halleux
- ⭔La Comté
- ⭔Neuville
- Petit-Thier
- ⭔Salmchâteau
- Thier du Mont
- Vielsalm roadcut
- Vielsalm
- Liège
- North Rhine-Westphalia
- Cologne
- Aachen
- Simmerath
- Aachen
- Cologne
Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect
Belgium
- Wallonia
- Liège
- Lienne valleyRiver Valley
- Liège
Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate
- Rheno-Hercynian BeltOrogenic Belt
EuropeContinent
- Ardennes MountainsMountain Range
- Rhenish MassifMassif
Germany/Belgium
- Eifel MountainsMountain Range
This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to
visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders
for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.
References
Kramm, Ulrich (1973) Chloritoid stability in manganese rich low-grade metamorphic rocks, Venn-Stavelot Massif, Ardennes. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 41 (2) 179-196 doi:10.1007/bf00375042
Kramm, Ulrich (1976) The coticule rocks (spessartine quartzites) of the Venn-Stavelot Massif, Ardennes, a volcanoclastic Metasediment? Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 56 (2). p.135-155. doi:10.1007/bf00399600
Kramm, Ulrich (1979) Kanonaite-rich viridines from the Venn-Stavelot Massif, Belgian Ardennes. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 69 (4) 387-395 doi:10.1007/bf00372264
Fransolet, André-Mathieu (1987) La vantasselite, Al4(PO4)3(OH)3·9H2O, une nouvelle espèce minérale du Massif de Stavelot, Belgique. Bulletin de Minéralogie, 110 (6) 647-656 doi:10.3406/bulmi.1987.8009
Schreyer, Werner, Fransolet, André-Mathieu, Bernhardt, Heinz-Jürgen (2001) Hollandite–strontiomelane solid solutions coexisting with kanonaite and braunite in late quartz veins of the Stavelot Massif, Ardennes, Belgium. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 141 (5) 560-571 doi:10.1007/s004100100260
Hatert, Frédéric, Lefèvre, Pierre, Pasero, Marco, Fransolet, André -Mathieu (2003) Graulichite-(Ce), a new arsenate mineral from the Stavelot Massif, Belgium. European Journal of Mineralogy, 15 (4) 733-739 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2003/0015-0733
Thier del Preu quarry, Petit-Sart, Lierneux, Liège, Wallonia, Belgium